diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore new file mode 100644 index 0000000..398a23a --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitignore @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +*.log +*.aux +*.bbl +*.toc +*.gz +*.out +*.toc \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/latex_template/template.pdf b/latex_template/template.pdf index 3205a09..6e374d4 100644 Binary files a/latex_template/template.pdf and b/latex_template/template.pdf differ diff --git a/latex_template/template.tex b/latex_template/template.tex index 970913a..eab517b 100644 --- a/latex_template/template.tex +++ b/latex_template/template.tex @@ -25,46 +25,45 @@ \section{Random Examples} \nt{We will do topology in Normed Linear Space (Mainly $\bbR^n$ and occasionally $\bbC^n$)using the language of Metric Space} \clm{Topology}{}{Topology is cool} \ex{Open Set and Close Set}{ - \begin{tabular}{rl} - Open Set: & $\bullet$ $\phi$ \\ - & $\bullet$ $\bigcup\limits_{x\in X}B_r(x)$ (Any $r>0$ will do) \\[3mm] - & $\bullet$ $B_r(x)$ is open \\ - Closed Set: & $\bullet$ $X,\ \phi$ \\ - & $\bullet$ $\overline{B_r(x)}$ \\ - & $x-$axis $\cup$ $y-$axis - \end{tabular}} + \begin{tabular}{rl} + Open Set: & $\bullet$ $\phi$ \\ + & $\bullet$ $\bigcup\limits_{x\in X}B_r(x)$ (Any $r>0$ will do) \\[3mm] + & $\bullet$ $B_r(x)$ is open \\ + Closed Set: & $\bullet$ $X,\ \phi$ \\ + & $\bullet$ $\overline{B_r(x)}$ \\ + & $x-$axis $\cup$ $y-$axis + \end{tabular}} \thm{}{If $x\in$ open set $V$ then $\exists$ $\delta>0$ such that $B_{\delta}(x)\subset V$} \begin{myproof}By openness of $V$, $x\in B_r(u)\subset V$ - \begin{center} - \begin{tikzpicture} - \draw[red] (0,0) circle [x radius=3.5cm, y radius=2cm] ; - \draw (3,1.6) node[red]{$V$}; - \draw [blue] (1,0) circle (1.45cm) ; - \filldraw[blue] (1,0) circle (1pt) node[anchor=north]{$u$}; - \draw (2.9,0.4) node[blue]{$B_r(u)$}; - \draw [green!40!black] (1.7,0) circle (0.5cm) node [yshift=0.7cm]{$B_{\delta}(x)$} ; - \filldraw[green!40!black] (1.7,0) circle (1pt) node[anchor=west]{$x$}; - \end{tikzpicture} - \end{center} - - Given $x\in B_r(u)\subset V$, we want $\delta>0$ such that $x\in B_{\delta} (x)\subset B_r(u)\subset V$. Let $d=d(u,x)$. Choose $\delta $ such that $d+\delta0$ such that $x\in B_{\delta} (x)\subset B_r(u)\subset V$. Let $d=d(u,x)$. Choose $\delta $ such that $d+\delta0$ Hence the quadratic equation has no root therefore the discriminant is greater than zero. - - \subsubsection*{\textbf{When field is $\bbC:$}}Modify the definition by $$\langle x,y\rangle=\sum_i\overline{x_i}y_i$$Then we still have $\langle x,x\rangle\geq 0$} + & \sum_i(x_i+y_i)^2\leq \left(\sqrt{\sum_ix_i^2} +\sqrt{\sum_iy_i^2}\right)^2 \\ + \implies & \sum_i (x_i^2+2x_iy_i+y_i^2)\leq \sum_ix_i^2+2\sqrt{\left[\sum_ix_i^2\right]\left[\sum_iy_i^2\right]}+\sum_iy_i^2 \\ + \implies & \left[\sum_ix_iy_i\right]^2\leq \left[\sum_ix_i^2\right]\left[\sum_iy_i^2\right] + \end{align*}So in other words prove $\langle x,y\rangle^2 \leq \langle x,x\rangle\langle y,y\rangle$ where + $$\langle x,y\rangle =\sum\limits_i x_iy_i$$ + + \begin{note} + \begin{itemize} + \item $\|x\|^2=\langle x,x\rangle$ + \item $\langle x,y\rangle=\langle y,x\rangle$ + \item $\langle \cdot,\cdot\rangle$ is $\bbR-$linear in each slot i.e. \begin{align*} + \langle rx+x',y\rangle=r\langle x,y\rangle+\langle x',y\rangle \text{ and similarly for second slot} + \end{align*}Here in $\langle x,y\rangle$ $x$ is in first slot and $y$ is in second slot. + \end{itemize} + \end{note}Now the statement is just the Cauchy-Schwartz Inequality. For proof $$\langle x,y\rangle^2\leq \langle x,x\rangle\langle y,y\rangle $$ expand everything of $\langle x-\lambda y,x-\lambda y\rangle$ which is going to give a quadratic equation in variable $\lambda $ \begin{align*} + \langle x-\lambda y,x-\lambda y\rangle & =\langle x,x-\lambda y\rangle-\lambda\langle y,x-\lambda y\rangle \\ + & =\langle x ,x\rangle -\lambda\langle x,y\rangle -\lambda\langle y,x\rangle +\lambda^2\langle y,y\rangle \\ + & =\langle x,x\rangle -2\lambda\langle x,y\rangle+\lambda^2\langle y,y\rangle + \end{align*}Now unless $x=\lambda y$ we have $\langle x-\lambda y,x-\lambda y\rangle>0$ Hence the quadratic equation has no root therefore the discriminant is greater than zero. + + \subsubsection*{\textbf{When field is $\bbC:$}}Modify the definition by $$\langle x,y\rangle=\sum_i\overline{x_i}y_i$$Then we still have $\langle x,x\rangle\geq 0$} \section{Algorithms} \begin{algorithm}[H] -\KwIn{This is some input} -\KwOut{This is some output} -\SetAlgoLined -\SetNoFillComment -\tcc{This is a comment} -\vspace{3mm} -some code here\; -$x \leftarrow 0$\; -$y \leftarrow 0$\; -\uIf{$ x > 5$} { - x is greater than 5 \tcp*{This is also a comment} -} -\Else { - x is less than or equal to 5\; -} -\ForEach{y in 0..5} { - $y \leftarrow y + 1$\; -} -\For{$y$ in $0..5$} { - $y \leftarrow y - 1$\; -} -\While{$x > 5$} { - $x \leftarrow x - 1$\; -} -\Return Return something here\; -\caption{what} + \KwIn{This is some input} + \KwOut{This is some output} + \SetAlgoLined + \SetNoFillComment + \tcc{This is a comment} + \vspace{3mm} + some code here\; + $x \leftarrow 0$\; + $y \leftarrow 0$\; + \uIf{$ x > 5$} { + x is greater than 5 \tcp*{This is also a comment} + } + \Else { + x is less than or equal to 5\; + } + \ForEach{y in 0..5} { + $y \leftarrow y + 1$\; + } + \For{$y$ in $0..5$} { + $y \leftarrow y - 1$\; + } + \While{$x > 5$} { + $x \leftarrow x - 1$\; + } + \Return Return something here\; + \caption{what} \end{algorithm} \end{document}