12306_python.py

import time
import datetime
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

class Qiangpiao():
    def __init__(self,from_station,to_station,depart_time,train_num,passenger):
        self.login_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html'
        self.init_my_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/view/index.html'
        self.order_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc'
        # input("出发地：")
        self.from_station = from_station
        # input("目的地：")
        self.to_station = to_station
        # 时间格式必须是M-d的方式
        # input("出发时间(格式必须是M-d的方式)：")
        self.depart_time = depart_time
        # input("列车号：")
        self.train_num = train_num
        # 乘车人
        self.passenger = passenger
        #获取当前月份
        self.now_month = datetime.date.today().month

        self.leave_month = int(self.depart_time.split('-')[0])
        self.leave_day = int(self.depart_time.split('-')[1])

        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()

    def _login(self):
        self.driver.get(self.login_url)
        # 窗口最大化
        #self.driver.maximize_window()
        # 设置窗口大小
        self.driver.set_window_size(1300,800)
        #print('调整前尺寸:', self.driver.get_window_size())
        #显式等待
        #这里进行手动登录，可以扫码，也可以输入账号密码点击登录
        WebDriverWait(self.driver,1000).until(EC.url_to_be(self.init_my_url))
        print('登录成功！')

    def _pop_window(self):
        try:
            # 等待元素可点击
            element = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 3).until(
                EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//*[@class="dzp-confirm"]/div[2]/div[3]/a'))
            )
            element.click()
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error occurred while clicking the pop-up window: {e}")

    def _enter_order_ticket(self):
        action = ActionChains(self.driver)   # 实例化一个动作链对象
        # element = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('车票')
        element = self.driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, '车票')
        # 鼠标移动到 '车票' 元素上的中心点
        action.move_to_element(element).perform()
        # 点击'单程'
        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="megamenu-3"]/div[1]/ul/li[1]/a').click()
        # 消除第二次弹窗
        #self.driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, '确认').click()

    def _search_ticket(self):
        #出发地输入 //*[@id="fromStationText"]
        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10)
        element = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, "fromStationText")))
        element.click()
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID,"fromStationText").send_keys(self.from_station)
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID,"fromStationText").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
        #目的地输入 //*[@id="toStationText"]
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID,"toStationText").click()
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID,"toStationText").send_keys(self.to_station)
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID,"toStationText").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
        #出发日期输入 //*[@id="train_date"]
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID,"train_date").click()
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "train_date").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID,"train_date").send_keys(self.depart_time)
        self.driver.find_element(By.ID,"train_date").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
        # if self.leave_month == self.now_month: #//*[@id="train_date"]
        #     xpath_str = f"/html/body/div[38]/div[1]/div[2]/div[16]/div[{self.leave_day}]"
        #     if EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, xpath_str)):
        #         self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, xpath_str).click()
        #     else:
        #         print("当前日期未到或已过售票日期，无法购票！")
        # elif self.leave_month == self.now_month + 1:
        #     xpath_str = f"/html/body/div[38]/div[1]/div[2]/div[16]/div[{self.leave_day}]"
        #     if EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, xpath_str)):
        #         self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,xpath_str).click()
        #     else:
        #         print("当前日期未到或已过售票日期，无法购票！")
        # else:
        #     print("月份超前一个月以上，无法购票！")
        #等待查询按钮是否可用 //*[@id="query_ticket"]
        WebDriverWait(self.driver,1000).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID,"query_ticket")))
        #执行点击事件
        search_btn = self.driver.find_element(By.ID,"query_ticket")
        search_btn.click()
        #等待查票信息加载
        WebDriverWait(self.driver, 1000).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//*[@id="queryLeftTable"]/tr')))

    # def _order_ticket(self):
    #     train_num_list = []  # 列车号列表
    #     train_num_ele_list = self.driver.find_elements(By.XPATH,'//tr/td[1]/div/div[1]/div/a')  # 列车号元素列表
    #     for t in train_num_ele_list:    # 遍历列车号元素列表，并把列车号添加到列车号列表
    #         train_num_list.append(t.text)
    #     tr_list = self.driver.find_elements(By.XPATH,'//*[@id="queryLeftTable"]/tr[not(@datatran)]')  #每一列列车整行信息列表，列车号元素是tr的子元素
    #
    #     if self.train_num in train_num_list:
    #         for tr in tr_list: # //*[@id="train_num_0"]
    #             train_num = tr.find_element(By.XPATH,"./td[1]/div/div[1]/div/a").text  #取出元素tr里的列车号
    #             if self.train_num == train_num:
    #                 #动车二等座余票信息
    #                 text_1 = tr.find_element(By.XPATH,"./td[4]").text
    #                 # 火车二等座余票信息
    #                 text_2 = tr.find_element(By.XPATH,"./td[8]").text
    #                 if (text_1 == "有" or text_1.isdigit()) or (text_2 == "有" or text_2.isdigit()):
    #                     #点击预订按钮
    #                     order_btn = tr.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "btn72")
    #                     order_btn.click()
    #                     #等待订票页面
    #                     WebDriverWait(self.driver,1000).until(EC.url_to_be(self.order_url))
    #
    #                     self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,f'//*[@id="normal_passenger_id"]/li/label[contains(text(),"{self.passenger}")]').click()
    #                     #如果乘客是学生，对提示点击确定
    #                     if EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//div[@id="dialog_xsertcj"]')):
    #                         self.driver.find_element(By.ID,'dialog_xsertcj_ok').click()
    #                         # 提交订单
    #                         self.driver.find_element(By.ID,'submitOrder_id').click()
    #                         time.sleep(2)
    #                         # 点击确认订单
    #                         self.driver.find_element(By.ID,'qr_submit_id').click()
    #                     else:
    #                         # 提交订单
    #                         self.driver.find_element(By.ID,'submitOrder_id').click()
    #                         time.sleep(2)
    #                         # 点击确认
    #                         self.driver.find_element(By.ID,'qr_submit_id').click()
    #                         print("购票成功！")
    #                         break
    #                 else:
    #                     print("二等座无票！")
    #     else:
    #         print("无此列车！")

    def _order_ticket(self):
        train_num_list = []
        train_num_ele_list = self.driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//tr/td[1]/div/div[1]/div/a') # 列车号元素列表
        for t in train_num_ele_list:    # 遍历列车号元素列表，并把列车号添加到列车号列表
            train_num_list.append(t.text)
            #print(train_num_list)
        #tr_list = self.driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="queryLeftTable"]/tr[not(@datatran)]') #每一列列车整行信息列表，列车号元素是tr的子元素

        if self.train_num in train_num_list:
            tr_list = self.driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="queryLeftTable"]/tr[not(@datatran)]')
            for tr in tr_list:
                print(tr.get_attribute("outerHTML"))
                WebDriverWait(tr, 20).until(
                    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "./td[1]/div/div[1]/div/a"))
                )
                train_num = tr.find_element(By.XPATH, "./td[1]/div/div[1]/div/a").text
                print(f"列车号: {train_num}")
                if self.train_num == train_num:
                    # 动车二等座余票信息
                    text_1 = tr.find_element(By.XPATH, "./td[4]").text
                    # 火车二等座余票信息
                    text_2 = tr.find_element(By.XPATH, "./td[8]").text
                    if (text_1 == "有" or text_1.isdigit()) or (text_2 == "有" or text_2.isdigit()):
                        # 点击预订按钮
                        order_btn = tr.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "btn72")
                        order_btn.click()
                        # 等待订票页面
                        WebDriverWait(self.driver, 1000).until(EC.url_to_be(self.order_url))
                        # 选择乘车人
                        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,
                                                 f'//*[@id="normal_passenger_id"]/li/label[contains(text(),"{self.passenger}")]').click()
                        # 如果乘客是学生，对提示点击确定
                        if EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, '//div[@id="dialog_xsertcj"]')):
                            self.driver.find_element(By.ID, 'dialog_xsertcj_ok').click()
                        # 提交订单
                        self.driver.find_element(By.ID, 'submitOrder_id').click()
                        time.sleep(2)
                        # 点击确认订单
                        self.driver.find_element(By.ID, 'qr_submit_id').click()
                        print("购票成功！")
                        break
                    else:
                        print("二等座无票！")
        else:
            print("无此列车！")

    def run(self):
        #登录
        self._login()
        #消除登录后（第一次）的弹窗
        self._pop_window()
        #进入购票页面
        self._enter_order_ticket()
        #查票
        self._search_ticket()
        #订票
        self._order_ticket()
        #关闭浏览器
        time.sleep(6)
        self.driver.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    qiangpiao = Qiangpiao("合肥南","淮南","2025-01-24","G9284","姚玮烨")
    qiangpiao.run()