diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index fc948373..0feba436 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
-.PHONY: convert-json convert-cairo
+.PHONY: convert-json convert-cairo convert-to-midi
 
-# Default MIDI file and output file paths
-MIDI_FILE ?= path/to/default/midi/file.mid
+# Default input file path (can be a MIDI file or a structured format for cairo_to_midi)
+INPUT_FILE ?= path/to/default/input/file
+# Default output file path
 OUTPUT_FILE ?= path/to/default/output
 
 convert-json:
-	python3 python/cli.py $(MIDI_FILE) $(OUTPUT_FILE).json
+	python3 python/cli.py $(INPUT_FILE) $(OUTPUT_FILE).json --format json
 
 convert-cairo:
-	python3 python/cli.py $(MIDI_FILE) $(OUTPUT_FILE).cairo --format cairo
+	python3 python/cli.py $(INPUT_FILE) $(OUTPUT_FILE).cairo --format cairo
+
+convert-to-midi:
+	# Assuming cairo_to_midi can handle both Cairo and JSON structured inputs
+	python3 python/cli.py $(INPUT_FILE) $(OUTPUT_FILE).mid --format midi
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index c306c66d..1618f2ca 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -5,11 +5,17 @@ Autonomous Music library based on previous [work](https://github.com/caseywescot
 # Midi Conversion
 Convert Midi to JSON format:
 ```bash
-make convert-json MIDI_FILE="path/to/midi/file.mid" OUTPUT_FILE="path/to/output"
+make convert-json INPUT_FILE="path/to/midi/file.mid" OUTPUT_FILE="path/to/output"
 ```
 
 Convert to Cairo format:
 
 ```bash
-make convert-cairo MIDI_FILE="path/to/midi/file.mid" OUTPUT_FILE="path/to/output"
+make convert-cairo INPUT_FILE="path/to/midi/file.mid" OUTPUT_FILE="path/to/output"
 ```
+
+Convert to Midi format:
+
+```bash
+make convert-to-midi INPUT_FILE="path/to/cairo/file.cairo" OUTPUT_FILE="path/to/output"
+```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/python/cli.py b/python/cli.py
index 9dc32cd2..f1ade8a3 100644
--- a/python/cli.py
+++ b/python/cli.py
@@ -1,28 +1,23 @@
 import argparse
-from midi_conversion import midi_to_cairo_struct, midi_to_json
-
+from midi_conversion import midi_to_cairo_struct, midi_to_json, cairo_struct_to_midi
 
 def main():
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
-        description='Convert MIDI files to Cairo or JSON format')
-    parser.add_argument('midi_file', type=str,
-                        help='Path to the input MIDI file')
-    parser.add_argument('output_file', type=str,
-                        help='Path to the output file')
-    parser.add_argument(
-        '--format', choices=['cairo', 'json'], default='json', help='Output format: cairo or json')
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Convert MIDI files to and from Cairo or JSON format')
+    parser.add_argument('input_file', type=str, help='Path to the input file')
+    parser.add_argument('output_file', type=str, help='Path to the output file')
+    parser.add_argument('--format', choices=['cairo', 'json', 'midi'], default='json', help='Output format: cairo, json, or midi (for converting back to MIDI)')
 
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     if args.format == 'cairo':
-        midi_to_cairo_struct(args.midi_file, args.output_file)
-        print(
-            f"Converted {args.midi_file} to Cairo format in {args.output_file} ✅")
+        midi_to_cairo_struct(args.input_file, args.output_file)
+        print(f"Converted {args.input_file} to Cairo format in {args.output_file} ✅")
     elif args.format == 'json':
-        midi_to_json(args.midi_file, args.output_file)
-        print(
-            f"Converted {args.midi_file} to JSON format in {args.output_file} ✅")
-
+        midi_to_json(args.input_file, args.output_file)
+        print(f"Converted {args.input_file} to JSON format in {args.output_file} ✅")
+    elif args.format == 'midi':
+        cairo_struct_to_midi(args.input_file, args.output_file)
+        print(f"Converted {args.input_file} from Cairo/JSON format back to MIDI in {args.output_file} ✅")
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main()
diff --git a/python/midi_conversion.py b/python/midi_conversion.py
index bd2603ba..eb6a92d2 100644
--- a/python/midi_conversion.py
+++ b/python/midi_conversion.py
@@ -1,16 +1,25 @@
-import mido
 import json
+import re
 
-import mido
-
+from mido import MidiFile, MidiTrack, MetaMessage, Message, tick2second, second2tick
+from mido.midifiles import bpm2tempo
 
 def midi_to_cairo_struct(midi_file, output_file):
-    mid = mido.MidiFile(midi_file)
+    mid = MidiFile(midi_file)
+    current_tempo = 500000  # Default MIDI tempo (500000 microseconds per beat)
     cairo_events = []
 
     for track in mid.tracks:
+        cumulative_time = 0  # Keep track of cumulative time in ticks for delta calculation
+        
         for msg in track:
-            time = format_fp32x32(msg.time)
+             # Update the current tempo if a tempo change message is encountered
+            if msg.type == 'set_tempo':
+                current_tempo = msg.tempo
+
+            # Calculate the time for the event
+            time = format_fp32x32(cumulative_time, mid.ticks_per_beat, current_tempo)
+            cumulative_time += msg.time  # Increment cumulative time
 
             if msg.type == 'note_on':
                 cairo_events.append(
@@ -20,7 +29,7 @@ def midi_to_cairo_struct(midi_file, output_file):
                     f"Message::NOTE_OFF(NoteOff {{ channel: {msg.channel}, note: {msg.note}, velocity: {msg.velocity}, time: {time} }})")
             elif msg.type == 'set_tempo':
                 cairo_events.append(
-                    f"Message::SET_TEMPO(SetTempo {{ tempo: {format_fp32x32(msg.tempo)}, time: Option::Some({time}) }})")
+                    f"Message::SET_TEMPO(SetTempo {{ tempo: {msg.tempo}, time: Option::Some({time}) }})")
             elif msg.type == 'time_signature':
                 clocks_per_click = 24
                 cairo_events.append(
@@ -47,9 +56,46 @@ def midi_to_cairo_struct(midi_file, output_file):
     with open(output_file, 'w') as file:
         file.write(full_cairo_code)
 
+def cairo_struct_to_midi(cairo_file, output_file):
+    with open(cairo_file, 'r') as file:
+        cairo_data = file.read()
+
+    # Regex patterns to match different MIDI event types in the Cairo data
+    note_on_pattern = re.compile(r"Message::NOTE_ON\(NoteOn \{ channel: (\d+), note: (\d+), velocity: (\d+), time: (.+?) \}\)")
+    note_off_pattern = re.compile(r"Message::NOTE_OFF\(NoteOff \{ channel: (\d+), note: (\d+), velocity: (\d+), time: (.+?) \}\)")
+    set_tempo_pattern = re.compile(r"Message::SET_TEMPO\(SetTempo \{ tempo: (.+?), time: (.+?) \}\)")
+    time_signature_pattern = re.compile(r"Message::TIME_SIGNATURE\(TimeSignature \{ numerator: (\d+), denominator: (\d+), clocks_per_click: (\d+), time: None \}\)")
+    control_change_pattern = re.compile(r"Message::CONTROL_CHANGE\(ControlChange \{ channel: (\d+), control: (\d+), value: (\d+), time: (.+?) \}\)")
+
+    mid = MidiFile()
+    track = MidiTrack()
+    mid.tracks.append(track)
+
+    for match in note_on_pattern.finditer(cairo_data):
+        channel, note, velocity, time = match.groups()
+        time = parse_fp32x32(time)
+        track.append(Message('note_on', note=int(note), velocity=int(velocity), time=time, channel=int(channel)))
+
+    for match in note_off_pattern.finditer(cairo_data):
+        channel, note, velocity, time = match.groups()
+        time = parse_fp32x32(time)
+        track.append(Message('note_off', note=int(note), velocity=int(velocity), time=time, channel=int(channel)))
+
+    for match in set_tempo_pattern.finditer(cairo_data):
+        tempo, _ = match.groups()
+        # Assume the tempo is directly usable or convert it as necessary
+        tempo = parse_fp32x32(tempo)  # This may need adjustment based on your tempo representation
+        track.append(MetaMessage('set_tempo', tempo=tempo, time=0))
+
+    for match in time_signature_pattern.finditer(cairo_data):
+        numerator, denominator, clocks_per_click = match.groups()
+        # Assuming `mido` accepts time signature as integers directly
+        track.append(MetaMessage('time_signature', numerator=int(numerator), denominator=int(denominator), clocks_per_click=int(clocks_per_click), notated_32nd_notes_per_beat=8, time=0))
+
+    mid.save(output_file)
 
 def midi_to_json(midi_file, output_file):
-    mid = mido.MidiFile(midi_file)
+    mid = MidiFile(midi_file)
     events = []
 
     for track in mid.tracks:
@@ -89,6 +135,15 @@ def midi_to_json(midi_file, output_file):
     with open(output_file, 'w') as file:
         file.write(json_data)
 
-
-def format_fp32x32(time):
-    return f"FP32x32 {{ mag: {time}, sign: false }}"
+def format_fp32x32(delta_ticks, ticks_per_beat, current_tempo):
+    delta_seconds = tick2second(delta_ticks, ticks_per_beat, current_tempo)
+    fp32x32_time = int(delta_seconds * 1e6)  # Assuming we want microseconds precision
+    return f"FP32x32 {{ mag: {fp32x32_time}, sign: false }}"
+
+def parse_fp32x32(fp32x32_str):
+    # Extract the magnitude part from the FP32x32 formatted string
+    mag_match = re.search(r"mag: (\d+)", fp32x32_str)
+    if mag_match:
+        return int(mag_match.group(1))
+    else:
+        return 0