Understanding the FFT Algorithm https://jakevdp.github.io/blog/2013/08/28/understanding-the-fft/
N-body simulations https://loiseaujc.github.io/Scientific_Computing_on_a_Laptop/Physics/NBody/NBody.html
Moin: Fundamentals of engineering numerical analysis codes http://numerics.stanford.edu/ta/index.html
Langtangen A Primer on Scientific Programming with Python
Linge and Langtangen Programming for Computations - Python
Konstantinos Anagnostopoulos, Computational Physics http://www.physics.ntua.gr/konstant/ComputationalPhysics/
Stewart: Python for Scientists
See na_book/python for some problems
Finite difference method FDM for 1d BVP Tri-diag algorithm Gauss-Seidel and Gauss-Jacobi
Lagrange interpolation
Newton method for root finding