diff --git a/build.gradle b/build.gradle
index 050074054115..dfa4154aae0c 100644
--- a/build.gradle
+++ b/build.gradle
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import de.undercouch.gradle.tasks.download.Download
 
 plugins {
     // https://plugins.gradle.org/plugin/com.gradleup.shadow
-    id 'com.gradleup.shadow' version '8.3.11'
+    id 'com.gradleup.shadow' version '9.4.1'
     // https://plugins.gradle.org/plugin/de.undercouch.download
     id 'de.undercouch.download' version '5.7.0'
     id 'java'
@@ -992,6 +992,18 @@ subprojects {
         minimize()
     }
 
+    // Shadow 9.x registers a "shadowRuntimeElements" consumable variant for each project.
+    // When checker:runtimeClasspath resolves project dependencies (e.g. framework), Gradle may
+    // select shadowRuntimeElements, which points to the shadow JAR (framework-X-all.jar).
+    // That file does not exist unless framework:shadowJar has run, causing UnusedTracker to
+    // throw "neither file nor directory".  Mark it non-consumable so Gradle always uses the
+    // standard runtimeElements variant (framework.jar) for inter-project resolution.
+    configurations.configureEach { Configuration c ->
+        if (c.name == 'shadowRuntimeElements') {
+            c.canBeConsumed = false
+        }
+    }
+
     if (!project.name.startsWith('checker-qual-android')) {
         task tags(type: Exec) {
             description = 'Create Emacs TAGS table'
diff --git a/checker/build.gradle b/checker/build.gradle
index 4fa4315f9e8b..aba5faacc00f 100644
--- a/checker/build.gradle
+++ b/checker/build.gradle
@@ -1090,7 +1090,7 @@ final checkerPom(publication) {
 publishing {
     publications {
         checker(MavenPublication) {
-            project.shadow.component it
+            from(components.shadow)
             checkerPom it
             artifact checkerJar
             artifact allSourcesJar
diff --git a/gradle-mvn-push.gradle b/gradle-mvn-push.gradle
index c011c59dc233..7d5598bff6fd 100644
--- a/gradle-mvn-push.gradle
+++ b/gradle-mvn-push.gradle
@@ -2,10 +2,7 @@ apply plugin: 'maven-publish'
 apply plugin: 'signing'
 
 final isSnapshot = version.contains('SNAPSHOT')
-// https://github.com/johnrengelman/shadow/issues/586#issuecomment-708375599
-components.java.withVariantsFromConfiguration(configurations.shadowRuntimeElements) {
-    skip()
-}
+
 publishing {
     repositories {
         maven {