diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en.ts b/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
index 8bf6f56..975d2c9 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
@@ -177,10 +177,10 @@ const en = {
 	'sourceControl.filter.needsSync': 'Needs Sync',
 	'sourceControl.filter.changes': 'Changes',
 	'sourceControl.filter.local': 'Local',
-	'sourceControl.filter.remote': 'Remote',
+	'sourceControl.filter.remote': 'Incoming',
 	'sourceControl.filter.conflict': 'Conflict',
 	'sourceControl.filter.readyToPush': 'Ready to Push',
-	'sourceControl.filter.remoteChanges': 'Remote Changes',
+	'sourceControl.filter.remoteChanges': 'Incoming',
 	'sourceControl.filter.conflicts': 'Conflicts',
 	'sourceControl.filter.synced': 'Synced',
 	'sourceControl.filter.showSynced': 'Show synced',
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-cn.ts b/src/i18n/locales/zh-cn.ts
index 86432f0..6b1ef3f 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-cn.ts
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-cn.ts
@@ -179,10 +179,10 @@ const zhCn: Partial<Record<TranslationKey, string>> = {
 	'sourceControl.filter.needsSync': '待同步',
 	'sourceControl.filter.changes': '更改',
 	'sourceControl.filter.local': '本地',
-	'sourceControl.filter.remote': '远程',
+	'sourceControl.filter.remote': '传入',
 	'sourceControl.filter.conflict': '冲突',
 	'sourceControl.filter.readyToPush': '待推送',
-	'sourceControl.filter.remoteChanges': '远程更改',
+	'sourceControl.filter.remoteChanges': '传入',
 	'sourceControl.filter.conflicts': '冲突',
 	'sourceControl.filter.synced': '已同步',
 	'sourceControl.filter.showSynced': '显示已同步',
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-tw.ts b/src/i18n/locales/zh-tw.ts
index 044d1b3..800c56a 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-tw.ts
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-tw.ts
@@ -179,10 +179,10 @@ const zhTw: Partial<Record<TranslationKey, string>> = {
 	'sourceControl.filter.needsSync': '待同步',
 	'sourceControl.filter.changes': '變更',
 	'sourceControl.filter.local': '本地',
-	'sourceControl.filter.remote': '遠端',
+	'sourceControl.filter.remote': '傳入',
 	'sourceControl.filter.conflict': '衝突',
 	'sourceControl.filter.readyToPush': '待推送',
-	'sourceControl.filter.remoteChanges': '遠端變更',
+	'sourceControl.filter.remoteChanges': '傳入',
 	'sourceControl.filter.conflicts': '衝突',
 	'sourceControl.filter.synced': '已同步',
 	'sourceControl.filter.showSynced': '顯示已同步',
diff --git a/src/logic/source-control/ChangeActionPolicy.ts b/src/logic/source-control/ChangeActionPolicy.ts
index 548bb58..c36bbb7 100644
--- a/src/logic/source-control/ChangeActionPolicy.ts
+++ b/src/logic/source-control/ChangeActionPolicy.ts
@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@ export function defaultSyncAction(kind: SyncChangeKind): DefaultSyncAction {
 
 /**
  * Whether a change kind has something on the remote it can pull/restore —
- * `remote-only` (never existed locally) and `local-deleted` (tracked file
- * removed locally, still present on remote) both do. Drives whether a row
- * renders the inline Download button.
+ * `remote-only` (never existed locally), `remote-modified` (tracked file
+ * changed only on the remote), and `local-deleted` (tracked file removed
+ * locally, still present on remote) all do. Drives whether a row renders the
+ * inline Download button.
  */
 export function canDownload(kind: SyncChangeKind): boolean {
-    return kind === 'remote-only' || kind === 'local-deleted';
+    return kind === 'remote-only' || kind === 'remote-modified' || kind === 'local-deleted';
 }
diff --git a/src/logic/source-control/FileStatusAdapter.ts b/src/logic/source-control/FileStatusAdapter.ts
index 2d9a9f9..4230017 100644
--- a/src/logic/source-control/FileStatusAdapter.ts
+++ b/src/logic/source-control/FileStatusAdapter.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { toChangeId, type SyncChange, type SyncChangeKind } from './types';
 const KIND_BY_STATUS: Record<SyncStatus, SyncChangeKind> = {
     synced: 'synced',
     modified: 'local-modified',
+    'remote-modified': 'remote-modified',
     unsynced: 'local-only',
     'remote-only': 'remote-only',
     'local-deleted': 'local-deleted',
@@ -16,14 +17,9 @@ const KIND_BY_STATUS: Record<SyncStatus, SyncChangeKind> = {
  * Source Control `ChangeRepository` / `SourceControlViewModel` layer added in
  * Phase 1.
  *
- * Two known gaps versus the full `SyncChangeKind` model, both pre-existing
- * limits of `FileStatus` rather than anything introduced here:
+ * One known gap versus the full `SyncChangeKind` model, a pre-existing limit
+ * of `FileStatus` rather than anything introduced here:
  *
- * - `FileStatus.status` never distinguishes which side changed for a
- *   two-sided diff (`SyncStatusService.classify` collapses both directions
- *   into `'modified'`), so `'modified'` maps to `'local-modified'` as a
- *   best-effort approximation: the row therefore offers both push and pull
- *   regardless of which side actually changed.
  * - No `FileStatus` value ever produces `'conflict'`: conflicts are only
  *   detected during `SyncManager.pushFiles` (via `SyncPlanner.classify`
  *   against a stored base sha) and resolved interactively through
diff --git a/src/logic/sync-status-service.ts b/src/logic/sync-status-service.ts
index 92f0d38..0758a74 100644
--- a/src/logic/sync-status-service.ts
+++ b/src/logic/sync-status-service.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import type { TFile } from 'obsidian';
  * "Deleted locally" and the other as "Remote available" instead of conflating
  * the two under a single `remote-only` state.
  */
-export type SyncStatus = 'synced' | 'modified' | 'unsynced' | 'remote-only' | 'local-deleted' | 'moved';
+export type SyncStatus = 'synced' | 'modified' | 'remote-modified' | 'unsynced' | 'remote-only' | 'local-deleted' | 'moved';
 
 /** The complete status record presented by a sync-status view. */
 export interface FileStatus {
@@ -35,12 +35,18 @@ export interface FileStatus {
  * file was previously synced locally (sync metadata exists for the path) and
  * has since been removed, so it classifies as `local-deleted` rather than
  * `remote-only`.
+ *
+ * When both sides exist and differ, `localChanged`/`remoteChanged` (each
+ * relative to the last-synced baseline sha) let `classify` tell "only the
+ * remote side moved" apart from "the local side moved" or "both did" —
+ * without them (no baseline on record) the two-sided diff falls back to the
+ * direction-blind `modified`.
  */
 export type SyncStatusFacts =
     | { movedFrom: string }
     | { localExists: true; remoteExists: false }
     | { localExists: false; remoteExists: true; wasTracked?: boolean }
-    | { localExists: true; remoteExists: true; contentsEqual: boolean };
+    | { localExists: true; remoteExists: true; contentsEqual: boolean; localChanged?: boolean; remoteChanged?: boolean };
 
 /** Resolves sync facts into the one status the UI may present for a file. */
 export class SyncStatusService {
@@ -51,7 +57,9 @@ export class SyncStatusService {
         if ('movedFrom' in facts) return 'moved';
         if (facts.localExists && !facts.remoteExists) return 'unsynced';
         if (!facts.localExists && facts.remoteExists) return facts.wasTracked ? 'local-deleted' : 'remote-only';
-        return facts.contentsEqual ? 'synced' : 'modified';
+        if (facts.contentsEqual) return 'synced';
+        if (facts.localChanged === false && facts.remoteChanged === true) return 'remote-modified';
+        return 'modified';
     }
 
     get size(): number { return this.statuses.size; }
diff --git a/src/logic/sync/SyncStatusRefreshService.ts b/src/logic/sync/SyncStatusRefreshService.ts
index 9c95f2e..e6b5236 100644
--- a/src/logic/sync/SyncStatusRefreshService.ts
+++ b/src/logic/sync/SyncStatusRefreshService.ts
@@ -210,6 +210,24 @@ export class SyncStatusRefreshService {
         return isSyncMetadataAtPath(pathMetadata, vaultPath) && !pathMetadata.renamedFrom;
     }
 
+    /** The last-synced blob sha on record for `path`, or undefined if never tracked there. */
+    private baseShaFor(path: string): string | undefined {
+        const metadata = this.dependencies.settings().syncMetadata;
+        const pathMetadata = metadata ? metadata[path] : undefined;
+        return isSyncMetadataAtPath(pathMetadata, path) ? pathMetadata.lastSyncedSha : undefined;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Direction facts for a two-sided diff, relative to the last-synced
+     * baseline: undefined for both when there is no baseline on record (the
+     * two-sided diff then falls back to the direction-blind `modified`).
+     */
+    private diffDirection(path: string, localSha: string, remoteSha: string): { localChanged?: boolean; remoteChanged?: boolean } {
+        const baseSha = this.baseShaFor(path);
+        if (baseSha === undefined) return {};
+        return { localChanged: localSha !== baseSha, remoteChanged: remoteSha !== baseSha };
+    }
+
     async reconcileOutOfBandMoves(remoteMap: Map<string, GitTreeEntry>): Promise<void> {
         const orphansBySha = this.orphanedMoveSourcesBySha(remoteMap);
         if (orphansBySha.size === 0) return;
@@ -322,13 +340,18 @@ export class SyncStatusRefreshService {
         if (!current || current.file !== file) return true;
         let status: FileStatus['status'] = current.status;
         if (current.status !== 'moved') {
-            status = current.remoteSha === undefined
-                ? this.statuses.classify({ localExists: true, remoteExists: false })
-                : this.statuses.classify({
+            const remoteSha = current.remoteSha;
+            if (remoteSha === undefined) {
+                status = this.statuses.classify({ localExists: true, remoteExists: false });
+            } else {
+                const localSha = await gitBlobSha(localContent);
+                status = this.statuses.classify({
                     localExists: true,
                     remoteExists: true,
-                    contentsEqual: await gitBlobSha(localContent) === current.remoteSha,
+                    contentsEqual: localSha === remoteSha,
+                    ...this.diffDirection(file.path, localSha, remoteSha),
                 });
+            }
         }
         this.statuses.set(file.path, { ...current, status, localContent });
         return true;
@@ -430,10 +453,13 @@ export class SyncStatusRefreshService {
         const binary = isBinaryPath(path);
         const symlinkMode = getEffectiveSymlinkHandling(this.dependencies.settings());
         const localContent = await this.readLocalContentForSha(fileOrPath, isStringPath, binary, remoteEntry.symlink, symlinkMode);
+        const localSha = await gitBlobSha(localContent);
+        const remoteSha = remoteEntry.sha;
         const status = this.statuses.classify({
             localExists: true,
             remoteExists: true,
-            contentsEqual: await gitBlobSha(localContent) === remoteEntry.sha,
+            contentsEqual: localSha === remoteSha,
+            ...(remoteSha !== undefined ? this.diffDirection(path, localSha, remoteSha) : {}),
         });
         if (status === 'synced' && remoteEntry.sha) {
             await this.dependencies.syncManager().updateMetadata(path, remoteEntry.sha);
@@ -457,13 +483,18 @@ export class SyncStatusRefreshService {
             this.dependencies.getNormalizedPath(path),
             this.dependencies.settings().branch,
         );
-        const status = remote.sha
-            ? this.statuses.classify({
+        let status: FileStatus['status'];
+        if (!remote.sha) {
+            status = this.statuses.classify({ localExists: true, remoteExists: false });
+        } else {
+            const equal = contentsEqual(localContent, remote.content);
+            status = this.statuses.classify({
                 localExists: true,
                 remoteExists: true,
-                contentsEqual: contentsEqual(localContent, remote.content),
-            })
-            : this.statuses.classify({ localExists: true, remoteExists: false });
+                contentsEqual: equal,
+                ...(equal ? {} : this.diffDirection(path, await gitBlobSha(localContent), remote.sha)),
+            });
+        }
         if (status === 'synced' && remote.sha) {
             await this.dependencies.syncManager().updateMetadata(path, remote.sha);
         }
diff --git a/src/ui/source-control/ChangeItem.ts b/src/ui/source-control/ChangeItem.ts
index a2e6140..e7d5151 100644
--- a/src/ui/source-control/ChangeItem.ts
+++ b/src/ui/source-control/ChangeItem.ts
@@ -12,9 +12,10 @@ export interface ChangeItemCallbacks {
     onOpenDiff: (item: SourceControlItem) => void;
     /**
      * Pulls a single change into the local vault. Invoked for rows where
-     * {@link canDownload} is true — `remote-only` (add it locally) and
-     * `local-deleted` (restore it locally) — the Download button renders
-     * only for those kinds, so the callback never has to re-classify.
+     * {@link canDownload} is true — `remote-only` (add it locally),
+     * `remote-modified` (overwrite the local copy), and `local-deleted`
+     * (restore it locally) — the Download button renders only for those
+     * kinds, so the callback never has to re-classify.
      */
     onDownload?: (item: SourceControlItem) => void;
     /** Looks up a cached diff stat for a row, if one has been computed. */
@@ -88,10 +89,11 @@ export function renderChangeItem(
     renderDiffStat(row, callbacks.getDiffStat?.(item.id));
 
     // A change with something to pull from remote (remote-only: add it
-    // locally; local-deleted: restore it locally) carries a direct Download
-    // action so the user can pull it without first adding it to the Sync
-    // Queue. The button stops propagation so clicking it doesn't also
-    // trigger the row's open-diff/open-remote behavior.
+    // locally; remote-modified: overwrite the local copy; local-deleted:
+    // restore it locally) carries a direct Download action so the user can
+    // pull it without first adding it to the Sync Queue. The button stops
+    // propagation so clicking it doesn't also trigger the row's
+    // open-diff/open-remote behavior.
     if (canDownload(item.kind) && callbacks.onDownload) {
         renderDownloadAction(row, item, callbacks.onDownload);
     }
diff --git a/src/ui/source-control/FilterMenu.ts b/src/ui/source-control/FilterMenu.ts
index 545c9bc..6208dec 100644
--- a/src/ui/source-control/FilterMenu.ts
+++ b/src/ui/source-control/FilterMenu.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import type { SourceControlCounts } from '../../logic/source-control/SourceContr
  *   bucket in the view (see `SourceControlView`) rather than via a domain
  *   change. Surfaced as an opt-in overview; the default stays on Needs Sync
  *   so a quiet workspace stays quiet.
- * - **Remote / Conflict / Synced** — the matching domain filters.
+ * - **Incoming / Conflict / Synced** — the matching domain filters (chip id stays `remote`; the label reads "Incoming" — a file only on the remote, or changed only on the remote, is something coming *in*).
  *
  * "Local" (domain `changes`) is intentionally not a chip: Needs Sync already
  * covers local-side changes, and a standalone local-only view added a
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export interface FilterMenuOptions {
 
 /**
  * Renders the Source Control filter row: five chips — All / Needs Sync /
- * Remote / Conflict / Synced. On mobile a single `<select>` dropdown
+ * Incoming / Conflict / Synced. On mobile a single `<select>` dropdown
  * replaces the chips (same chip ids, counts inline as "Label (N)").
  *
  * Per-filter counts come straight from the ViewModel's single-source counts
diff --git a/tests/logic/source-control/ChangeActionPolicy.test.ts b/tests/logic/source-control/ChangeActionPolicy.test.ts
index d4ad57b..f958a84 100644
--- a/tests/logic/source-control/ChangeActionPolicy.test.ts
+++ b/tests/logic/source-control/ChangeActionPolicy.test.ts
@@ -52,10 +52,13 @@ describe('canDownload', () => {
         expect(canDownload('local-deleted')).toBe(true);
     });
 
+    it('allows download for remote-modified (overwrite the local copy)', () => {
+        expect(canDownload('remote-modified')).toBe(true);
+    });
+
     it('disallows download for kinds with no separate remote-restore action', () => {
         expect(canDownload('local-only')).toBe(false);
         expect(canDownload('local-modified')).toBe(false);
-        expect(canDownload('remote-modified')).toBe(false);
         expect(canDownload('moved')).toBe(false);
         expect(canDownload('conflict')).toBe(false);
         expect(canDownload('synced')).toBe(false);
diff --git a/tests/logic/source-control/FileStatusAdapter.test.ts b/tests/logic/source-control/FileStatusAdapter.test.ts
index da396dd..5f38f32 100644
--- a/tests/logic/source-control/FileStatusAdapter.test.ts
+++ b/tests/logic/source-control/FileStatusAdapter.test.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ describe('toSyncChanges', () => {
         const statuses: FileStatus[] = [
             { path: 'synced.md', status: 'synced' },
             { path: 'modified.md', status: 'modified' },
+            { path: 'remote-modified.md', status: 'remote-modified' },
             { path: 'unsynced.md', status: 'unsynced' },
             { path: 'remote.md', status: 'remote-only' },
             { path: 'gone.md', status: 'local-deleted' },
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ describe('toSyncChanges', () => {
         expect(toSyncChanges(statuses)).toEqual([
             { id: toChangeId('synced.md'), path: 'synced.md', previousPath: undefined, kind: 'synced' },
             { id: toChangeId('modified.md'), path: 'modified.md', previousPath: undefined, kind: 'local-modified' },
+            { id: toChangeId('remote-modified.md'), path: 'remote-modified.md', previousPath: undefined, kind: 'remote-modified' },
             { id: toChangeId('unsynced.md'), path: 'unsynced.md', previousPath: undefined, kind: 'local-only' },
             { id: toChangeId('remote.md'), path: 'remote.md', previousPath: undefined, kind: 'remote-only' },
             { id: toChangeId('gone.md'), path: 'gone.md', previousPath: undefined, kind: 'local-deleted' },
diff --git a/tests/logic/sync-status-service.test.ts b/tests/logic/sync-status-service.test.ts
index cf5e027..c35c9e2 100644
--- a/tests/logic/sync-status-service.test.ts
+++ b/tests/logic/sync-status-service.test.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ describe('SyncStatusService', () => {
         ['a previously-tracked file removed locally', { localExists: false, remoteExists: true, wasTracked: true }, 'local-deleted'],
         ['a never-tracked remote file with wasTracked false', { localExists: false, remoteExists: true, wasTracked: false }, 'remote-only'],
         ['matching local and remote content', { localExists: true, remoteExists: true, contentsEqual: true }, 'synced'],
-        ['different local and remote content', { localExists: true, remoteExists: true, contentsEqual: false }, 'modified'],
+        ['different content with no baseline on record', { localExists: true, remoteExists: true, contentsEqual: false }, 'modified'],
+        ['only the local side changed since baseline', { localExists: true, remoteExists: true, contentsEqual: false, localChanged: true, remoteChanged: false }, 'modified'],
+        ['only the remote side changed since baseline', { localExists: true, remoteExists: true, contentsEqual: false, localChanged: false, remoteChanged: true }, 'remote-modified'],
+        ['both sides changed since baseline', { localExists: true, remoteExists: true, contentsEqual: false, localChanged: true, remoteChanged: true }, 'modified'],
     ])('classifies %s as %s', (_description, facts, expected) => {
         expect(service.classify(facts)).toBe(expected);
     });
diff --git a/tests/logic/sync/SyncStatusRefreshService.test.ts b/tests/logic/sync/SyncStatusRefreshService.test.ts
index 47d252d..a4dcd95 100644
--- a/tests/logic/sync/SyncStatusRefreshService.test.ts
+++ b/tests/logic/sync/SyncStatusRefreshService.test.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { TFile } from 'obsidian';
 import { SyncStatusRefreshService } from '../../../src/logic/sync/SyncStatusRefreshService';
 import { SyncStatusService } from '../../../src/logic/sync-status-service';
 import type { SyncStatusRefreshDependencies } from '../../../src/logic/sync/SyncStatusRefreshService';
+import { gitBlobSha } from '../../../src/utils/git-blob-sha';
 
 vi.mock('obsidian');
 
@@ -347,6 +348,35 @@ describe('SyncStatusRefreshService local-change handlers', () => {
 
             expect(statuses.has('note.md')).toBe(false);
         });
+
+        it('classifies remote-modified, not modified, when the local content still matches the last-synced baseline but the remote sha has moved (regression: was silently routed to push)', async () => {
+            const statuses = new SyncStatusService();
+            const file = makeFile('note.md');
+            const baselineContent = 'baseline content';
+            const baselineSha = await gitBlobSha(baselineContent);
+            const service = buildService(statuses, {
+                app: {
+                    vault: {
+                        read: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(baselineContent),
+                        readBinary: vi.fn(),
+                        adapter: { stat: vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(null), read: vi.fn() },
+                    },
+                } as never,
+                settings: () => ({
+                    syncMetadata: { 'note.md': { lastSyncedSha: baselineSha, lastSyncedAt: 1 } },
+                    vaultFolder: '',
+                    rootPath: '',
+                }) as never,
+            });
+
+            // Row tracked at a remote sha that has since moved away from the
+            // baseline, while the local content read back is unchanged.
+            statuses.set({ file, path: 'note.md', status: 'synced', remoteSha: 'b'.repeat(40) });
+
+            await service.handleFileModified(file);
+
+            expect(statuses.get('note.md')?.status).toBe('remote-modified');
+        });
     });
 
     describe('identifyExtraFiles local-deleted classification', () => {
diff --git a/tests/ui/source-control/ChangeTree.test.ts b/tests/ui/source-control/ChangeTree.test.ts
index 0131f3b..d910f91 100644
--- a/tests/ui/source-control/ChangeTree.test.ts
+++ b/tests/ui/source-control/ChangeTree.test.ts
@@ -67,12 +67,15 @@ describe('renderChangeTree', () => {
         expect(callbacks.onDownload).toHaveBeenCalledWith(items[0]);
     });
 
-    it('does not render a Download button on a remote-modified row', () => {
+    it('renders an inline Download button on a remote-modified row when onDownload is wired', () => {
         const items = [item({ id: toChangeId('c-1'), path: 'both.md', kind: 'remote-modified' })];
         callbacks.onDownload = vi.fn();
         renderChangeTree(container, items, new Set(), callbacks);
 
-        expect(container.querySelector('.scv-change-download')).toBeNull();
+        const btn = container.querySelector('.scv-change-download') as HTMLButtonElement;
+        expect(btn).toBeTruthy();
+        btn.click();
+        expect(callbacks.onDownload).toHaveBeenCalledWith(items[0]);
     });
 
     it('does not render an inline status subtitle (the kind label lives on the badge tooltip)', () => {
diff --git a/tests/ui/source-control/FilterMenu.test.ts b/tests/ui/source-control/FilterMenu.test.ts
index b2def9a..02339e4 100644
--- a/tests/ui/source-control/FilterMenu.test.ts
+++ b/tests/ui/source-control/FilterMenu.test.ts
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ describe('renderFilterMenu', () => {
         callbacks = { onFilterChange: vi.fn() };
     });
 
-    it('renders the five chips (All/Needs Sync/Remote/Conflict/Synced)', () => {
+    it('renders the five chips (All/Needs Sync/Incoming/Conflict/Synced)', () => {
         renderFilterMenu(container, { filter: 'all', showSynced: false }, zeroCounts, callbacks);
 
         const chips = Array.from(container.querySelectorAll('.scv-filter-option')).map(el => el.getAttribute('data-filter'));
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ describe('renderFilterMenu', () => {
         renderFilterMenu(container, { filter: 'all', showSynced: false }, zeroCounts, callbacks);
 
         const labels = Array.from(container.querySelectorAll('.scv-filter-option .scv-filter-label')).map(el => el.textContent);
-        expect(labels).toEqual(['All', 'Needs Sync', 'Remote', 'Conflict', 'Synced']);
+        expect(labels).toEqual(['All', 'Needs Sync', 'Incoming', 'Conflict', 'Synced']);
     });
 
     it('marks the current (filter, showSynced) chip as active', () => {