diff --git a/loky/reusable_executor.py b/loky/reusable_executor.py
index faf604c2..f3eec588 100644
--- a/loky/reusable_executor.py
+++ b/loky/reusable_executor.py
@@ -211,7 +211,9 @@ def get_reusable_executor(
                     )
                     executor.shutdown(wait=True, kill_workers=kill_workers)
                     _executor = executor = _executor_kwargs = None
-                    # Recursive call to build a new instance
+                    # Build and return the replacement while still holding
+                    # the singleton lock so this branch never returns the
+                    # stale executor that was just shut down.
                     return cls.get_reusable_executor(
                         max_workers=max_workers, **kwargs
                     )
@@ -227,6 +229,20 @@ def get_reusable_executor(
 
     def submit(self, fn, *args, **kwargs):
         with self._submit_resize_lock:
+            if self._flags.broken is None and self._flags.shutdown:
+                executor = _executor
+                executor_kwargs = _executor_kwargs
+                if (
+                    executor is not None
+                    and executor is not self
+                    and executor_kwargs is not None
+                ):
+                    # A concurrent call to get_reusable_executor rotated the
+                    # singleton after this executor was resolved but before
+                    # submit was called. Retry exactly once on the replacement.
+                    return super(_ReusablePoolExecutor, executor).submit(
+                        fn, *args, **kwargs
+                    )
             return super().submit(fn, *args, **kwargs)
 
     def _resize(self, max_workers):
diff --git a/tests/test_reusable_executor.py b/tests/test_reusable_executor.py
index 59fb9540..89195597 100644
--- a/tests/test_reusable_executor.py
+++ b/tests/test_reusable_executor.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import sys
 import gc
 import ctypes
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
 from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
 import pytest
 import warnings
@@ -924,6 +925,55 @@ def helper_func(
                 t.join()
         assert output_collector == ["ok"] * len(threads)
 
+    def test_reusable_executor_submit_during_shutdown_race(self):
+        resolved = threading.Event()
+        barrier = threading.Barrier(2)
+        results = []
+        errors = []
+
+        def submit_on_resolved_executor():
+            try:
+                executor = get_reusable_executor(
+                    max_workers=1, env={"a": "1"}
+                )
+                resolved.set()
+                barrier.wait(timeout=10)
+                results.append(
+                    executor.submit(id_sleep, 1, 0).result(timeout=10)
+                )
+            except Exception as e:
+                errors.append(e)
+
+        thread = threading.Thread(target=submit_on_resolved_executor)
+        thread.start()
+
+        assert resolved.wait(timeout=10)
+        get_reusable_executor(max_workers=1, env={"a": "2"})
+        barrier.wait(timeout=10)
+        thread.join(timeout=10)
+
+        assert not thread.is_alive()
+        assert not any(isinstance(e, ShutdownExecutorError) for e in errors)
+        if errors:
+            raise errors[0]
+        assert results == [1]
+
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("iteration", range(2))
+    def test_reusable_executor_submit_with_concurrent_env_changes(
+        self, iteration
+    ):
+        def submit_with_env(i):
+            executor = get_reusable_executor(
+                max_workers=1, env={"a": f"{iteration}-{i}"}
+            )
+            return executor.submit(id_sleep, i, 0).result(timeout=10)
+
+        n_submissions = 20
+        with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=10) as executor:
+            results = list(executor.map(submit_with_env, range(n_submissions)))
+
+        assert results == list(range(n_submissions))
+
     def test_reusable_executor_reuse_true(self):
         executor = get_reusable_executor(max_workers=3, timeout=42)
         executor.submit(id, 42).result()