-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
Expand file tree
/
Copy pathdocker.html
More file actions
72 lines (66 loc) · 31.9 KB
/
docker.html
File metadata and controls
72 lines (66 loc) · 31.9 KB
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
<!doctype html>
<html lang="zh-Hans" dir="ltr" class="docs-wrapper plugin-docs plugin-id-default docs-version-current docs-doc-page docs-doc-id-docker" data-has-hydrated="false">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="generator" content="Docusaurus v3.8.1">
<title data-rh="true">Docker | 缪斯</title><meta data-rh="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://wooyee.cc/docker"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:locale" content="zh_Hans"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_locale" content="zh-Hans"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:language" content="zh-Hans"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docusaurus_tag" content="docs-default-current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:version" content="current"><meta data-rh="true" name="docsearch:docusaurus_tag" content="docs-default-current"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="Docker | 缪斯"><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="安装"><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="安装"><link data-rh="true" rel="icon" href="/img/favicon.ico"><link data-rh="true" rel="canonical" href="https://wooyee.cc/docker"><link data-rh="true" rel="alternate" href="https://wooyee.cc/docker" hreflang="zh-Hans"><link data-rh="true" rel="alternate" href="https://wooyee.cc/docker" hreflang="x-default"><script data-rh="true" type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Docker","item":"https://wooyee.cc/docker"}]}</script><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" href="/about/rss.xml" title="缪斯 RSS Feed">
<link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" href="/about/atom.xml" title="缪斯 Atom Feed">
<meta name="referrer" content="no-referrer"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/styles.edfb6952.css">
<script src="/assets/js/runtime~main.8a790f23.js" defer="defer"></script>
<script src="/assets/js/main.d79500d5.js" defer="defer"></script>
</head>
<body class="navigation-with-keyboard">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;"><defs>
<symbol id="theme-svg-external-link" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"/></symbol>
</defs></svg>
<script>!function(){var t="light";var e=function(){try{return new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get("docusaurus-theme")}catch(t){}}()||function(){try{return window.localStorage.getItem("theme")}catch(t){}}();document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-theme",e||t),document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-theme-choice",e||t)}(),function(){try{const n=new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).entries();for(var[t,e]of n)if(t.startsWith("docusaurus-data-")){var a=t.replace("docusaurus-data-","data-");document.documentElement.setAttribute(a,e)}}catch(t){}}(),document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-announcement-bar-initially-dismissed",function(){try{return"true"===localStorage.getItem("docusaurus.announcement.dismiss")}catch(t){}return!1}())</script><div id="__docusaurus"><div role="region" aria-label="跳到主要内容"><a class="skipToContent_fXgn" href="#__docusaurus_skipToContent_fallback">跳到主要内容</a></div><div class="theme-announcement-bar announcementBar_mb4j" style="background-color:#fafbfc;color:#091E42" role="banner"><div class="announcementBarPlaceholder_vyr4"></div><div class="content_knG7 announcementBarContent_xLdY">⭐️ 如果这个网站能帮助到你，欢迎给一个 star 支持我！<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/miusing/blog">GitHub</a></div><button type="button" aria-label="关闭" class="clean-btn close closeButton_CVFx announcementBarClose_gvF7"><svg viewBox="0 0 15 15" width="14" height="14"><g stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="3.1"><path d="M.75.75l13.5 13.5M14.25.75L.75 14.25"></path></g></svg></button></div><nav aria-label="主导航" class="theme-layout-navbar navbar navbar--fixed-top navbarHideable_m1mJ"><div class="navbar__inner"><div class="theme-layout-navbar-left navbar__items"><button aria-label="切换导航栏" aria-expanded="false" class="navbar__toggle clean-btn" type="button"><svg width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 30 30" aria-hidden="true"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2" d="M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22"></path></svg></button><a class="navbar__brand" href="/"><b class="navbar__title text--truncate">亲爱的缪斯</b></a></div><div class="theme-layout-navbar-right navbar__items navbar__items--right"><div class="navbarSearchContainer_Bca1"><div class="navbar__search searchBarContainer_NW3z" dir="ltr"><input placeholder="搜索" aria-label="Search" class="navbar__search-input searchInput_YFbd" value=""><div class="loadingRing_RJI3 searchBarLoadingRing_YnHq"><div></div><div></div><div></div><div></div></div></div></div><a aria-current="page" class="navbar__item navbar__link navbar__link--active" href="/intro">技术文档</a><a class="navbar__item navbar__link" href="/about">关于我</a><a href="https://github.com/miusing/blog" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">GitHub<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><use href="#theme-svg-external-link"></use></svg></a><div class="toggle_vylO colorModeToggle_DEke"><button class="clean-btn toggleButton_gllP toggleButtonDisabled_aARS" type="button" disabled="" title="system mode" aria-label="切换浅色/暗黑模式（当前为system mode）"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" class="toggleIcon_g3eP lightToggleIcon_pyhR"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12,9c1.65,0,3,1.35,3,3s-1.35,3-3,3s-3-1.35-3-3S10.35,9,12,9 M12,7c-2.76,0-5,2.24-5,5s2.24,5,5,5s5-2.24,5-5 S14.76,7,12,7L12,7z M2,13l2,0c0.55,0,1-0.45,1-1s-0.45-1-1-1l-2,0c-0.55,0-1,0.45-1,1S1.45,13,2,13z M20,13l2,0c0.55,0,1-0.45,1-1 s-0.45-1-1-1l-2,0c-0.55,0-1,0.45-1,1S19.45,13,20,13z M11,2v2c0,0.55,0.45,1,1,1s1-0.45,1-1V2c0-0.55-0.45-1-1-1S11,1.45,11,2z M11,20v2c0,0.55,0.45,1,1,1s1-0.45,1-1v-2c0-0.55-0.45-1-1-1C11.45,19,11,19.45,11,20z M5.99,4.58c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0 c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41l1.06,1.06c0.39,0.39,1.03,0.39,1.41,0s0.39-1.03,0-1.41L5.99,4.58z M18.36,16.95 c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41l1.06,1.06c0.39,0.39,1.03,0.39,1.41,0c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41 L18.36,16.95z M19.42,5.99c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0l-1.06,1.06c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41 s1.03,0.39,1.41,0L19.42,5.99z M7.05,18.36c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0l-1.06,1.06 c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41s1.03,0.39,1.41,0L7.05,18.36z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" class="toggleIcon_g3eP darkToggleIcon_wfgR"><path fill="currentColor" d="M9.37,5.51C9.19,6.15,9.1,6.82,9.1,7.5c0,4.08,3.32,7.4,7.4,7.4c0.68,0,1.35-0.09,1.99-0.27C17.45,17.19,14.93,19,12,19 c-3.86,0-7-3.14-7-7C5,9.07,6.81,6.55,9.37,5.51z M12,3c-4.97,0-9,4.03-9,9s4.03,9,9,9s9-4.03,9-9c0-0.46-0.04-0.92-0.1-1.36 c-0.98,1.37-2.58,2.26-4.4,2.26c-2.98,0-5.4-2.42-5.4-5.4c0-1.81,0.89-3.42,2.26-4.4C12.92,3.04,12.46,3,12,3L12,3z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" class="toggleIcon_g3eP systemToggleIcon_QzmC"><path fill="currentColor" d="m12 21c4.971 0 9-4.029 9-9s-4.029-9-9-9-9 4.029-9 9 4.029 9 9 9zm4.95-13.95c1.313 1.313 2.05 3.093 2.05 4.95s-0.738 3.637-2.05 4.95c-1.313 1.313-3.093 2.05-4.95 2.05v-14c1.857 0 3.637 0.737 4.95 2.05z"></path></svg></button></div></div></div><div role="presentation" class="navbar-sidebar__backdrop"></div></nav><div id="__docusaurus_skipToContent_fallback" class="theme-layout-main main-wrapper mainWrapper_z2l0"><div class="docsWrapper_hBAB"><button aria-label="回到顶部" class="clean-btn theme-back-to-top-button backToTopButton_sjWU" type="button"></button><div class="docRoot_UBD9"><aside class="theme-doc-sidebar-container docSidebarContainer_YfHR"><div class="sidebarViewport_aRkj"><div class="sidebar_njMd sidebarWithHideableNavbar_wUlq"><a tabindex="-1" class="sidebarLogo_isFc" href="/"><b>亲爱的缪斯</b></a><nav aria-label="文档侧边栏" class="menu thin-scrollbar menu_SIkG menuWithAnnouncementBar_GW3s"><ul class="theme-doc-sidebar-menu menu__list"><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/intro">欢迎来到缪斯的技术博客</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/browser">浏览器底层原理</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/HTML">HTML</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/css">CSS</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist" href="/javascript/basic">JavaScript</a><button aria-label="展开侧边栏分类 'JavaScript'" aria-expanded="false" type="button" class="clean-btn menu__caret"></button></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" role="button" aria-expanded="false" href="/typescript/config">Typescript</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" role="button" aria-expanded="false" href="/node/module">Node</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/vue">Vue</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist" href="/react">React</a><button aria-label="展开侧边栏分类 'React'" aria-expanded="false" type="button" class="clean-btn menu__caret"></button></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist" href="/infra/前端工程化">前端工程化</a><button aria-label="展开侧边栏分类 '前端工程化'" aria-expanded="false" type="button" class="clean-btn menu__caret"></button></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/binary">二进制与编码</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" role="button" aria-expanded="false" href="/canvas">Canvas</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" role="button" aria-expanded="false" href="/canvas/webgl">WebGL</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/git">Git</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/音视频学习">音视频学习</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/计算机网络">计算机网络</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/前端安全">前端安全</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/异常处理">异常处理</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/编译原理">编译原理</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" role="button" aria-expanded="false" href="/rust/setup">Rust</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/网站优化">性能优化</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/数据结构">数据结构</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/排序">排序算法</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/编程题">编程题</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/mongodb">MongoDB</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/mysql">Mysql</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/linux">Linux</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link menu__link--active" aria-current="page" href="/docker">Docker</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/设计模式">设计模式</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/websocket">WebSocket</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/webgl">Three.js</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/php">php</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/写在前面">写在前面</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/其它">其它</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/代码段记录">代码段记录</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/第三方库">第三方库</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/面试题">面试题</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-1 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" href="/akara的考验">akara的考验</a></li></ul></nav><button type="button" title="收起侧边栏" aria-label="收起侧边栏" class="button button--secondary button--outline collapseSidebarButton_PEFL"><svg width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" class="collapseSidebarButtonIcon_kv0_"><g fill="#7a7a7a"><path d="M9.992 10.023c0 .2-.062.399-.172.547l-4.996 7.492a.982.982 0 01-.828.454H1c-.55 0-1-.453-1-1 0-.2.059-.403.168-.551l4.629-6.942L.168 3.078A.939.939 0 010 2.528c0-.548.45-.997 1-.997h2.996c.352 0 .649.18.828.45L9.82 9.472c.11.148.172.347.172.55zm0 0"></path><path d="M19.98 10.023c0 .2-.058.399-.168.547l-4.996 7.492a.987.987 0 01-.828.454h-3c-.547 0-.996-.453-.996-1 0-.2.059-.403.168-.551l4.625-6.942-4.625-6.945a.939.939 0 01-.168-.55 1 1 0 01.996-.997h3c.348 0 .649.18.828.45l4.996 7.492c.11.148.168.347.168.55zm0 0"></path></g></svg></button></div></div></aside><main class="docMainContainer_TBSr"><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class="row"><div class="col docItemCol_VOVn"><div class="docItemContainer_Djhp"><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label="页面路径"><ul class="breadcrumbs"><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><a aria-label="主页面" class="breadcrumbs__link" href="/"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT"><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></a></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">Docker</span></li></ul></nav><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">本页总览</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>Docker</h1></header>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="安装">安装<a href="#安装" class="hash-link" aria-label="安装的直接链接" title="安装的直接链接"></a></h2>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="wsl">WSL<a href="#wsl" class="hash-link" aria-label="WSL的直接链接" title="WSL的直接链接"></a></h3>
<p><code>windows</code>系统下安装Docker需要几个前置条件，首先<code>windows</code>版本需要大于<code>v1903</code>，并且我们需要启用<code>Window Subsystem Linux(WSL2)</code>，可以根据微软的<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/wsl/install-win10" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">官方指南</a>进行环境的安装。</p>
<p>安装好<code>WSL</code>后我们可以在终端通过输入<code>wsl</code>来切换成对应的Linux发行版。</p>
<p>搭建好基础环境之后我们就可以直接安装<code>Docker desktop</code>软件，安装好<code>Docker</code>后我们就可以在终端使用<code>Docker</code>命令，或者是借助<code>Docker desktop</code>桌面应用来直接执行各种操作，本博客重点介绍命令行下的操作。</p>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker version # 验证安装成功</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote>
<p>最好修改一下镜像源来加速镜像的获取</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="基础">基础<a href="#基础" class="hash-link" aria-label="基础的直接链接" title="基础的直接链接"></a></h2>
<p>使用<code>Docker</code>时，我们通常会使用他人的镜像<code>image</code>或自己打包的<code>image</code>在容器<code>container</code>中运行。</p>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="image">image<a href="#image" class="hash-link" aria-label="image的直接链接" title="image的直接链接"></a></h3>
<blockquote>
<p>部分命令可以省略image一词</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker image ls # 本地所有镜像</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker image rm <name> # 删除镜像</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker image pull akara/my-image # akara/my-image为组名/镜像名</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker image pull hello-world # 如果不指定组名，则默认拉取library组内的镜像（官方镜像）</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="container">container<a href="#container" class="hash-link" aria-label="container的直接链接" title="container的直接链接"></a></h3>
<blockquote>
<p>部分命令可以省略container一词</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker container ls # 查看正在运行中的容器。或者 docker ps</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker container ls --all # 查看所有的容器，包括没有运行的容器。或者 docker ps -a</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<p>当我们本地存在镜像<code>image</code>，就可以运行在容器中了。通常情况运行完成后，容器会<strong>自动退出运行</strong>状态。</p>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker container run hello-world # 运行容器，如果本地不存在该镜像，则会自动拉取远程镜像</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<p>我们可以在运行容器的时候加上<code>-it</code>标识，实现<strong>通过终端访问容器内部</strong>，在退出终端后容器会<strong>退出运行</strong>。</p>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker container run -it hello-world /bin/bash # 选择/bin/bash作为shell</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<p>我们可以通过<code>-d</code>搭配<code>-it</code>使用，<code>-d</code>的作用是让容器在后台运行，从而实现类似守护进程的效果。</p>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker run -p 8000:3000 -itd koa-demo /bin/bash</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<p>当容器在后台运行时，我们可以使用<code>docker attach</code>或<code>docker exec</code>来进入容器，通常推荐使用<code>docker exec</code></p>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker exec -it <containerID> /bin/bash</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<hr>
<p>很多时候我们的容器内部都跑着HTTP服务器，通常是无法被外部直接访问的，为此我们需要实现主机和容器之间的<strong>端口映射</strong>。</p>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker container run -p 8000:3000 -it hello-world /bin/bash</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<p>像这里我们使用<code>-p 8000:3000</code>实现了端口映射，可以通过本机的8000端口访问目标容器的3000端口。除了<code>-p</code>我们还可以使用<code>-P</code>来实现随机端口映射。</p>
<hr>
<p>我们也可以手动退出容器。</p>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker container stop <containerID> # 优雅的退出</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker container kill <containerID> # 粗暴的退出</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker container start <containerID> # 启动容器</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<p>无论是容器自动运行结束，还是我们手动退出容器，容器本身还是占据着硬盘空间，我们可以使用<code>rm</code>命令彻底删除容器</p>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker container rm <containerID></span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="打包镜像">打包镜像<a href="#打包镜像" class="hash-link" aria-label="打包镜像的直接链接" title="打包镜像的直接链接"></a></h2>
<p>通过编写<code>Dockerfile</code>我们可以实现将本地项目打包成<code>Docker</code>镜像<code>image</code>，从而提供给他人运行在容器<code>container</code>当中。</p>
<p>通常使用<code>.dockerignore</code>文件指出哪些文件不要被打包进镜像当中。</p>
<div class="language-markdown codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-markdown codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">.git</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">node_modules</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<h3 class="anchor anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_WYt5" id="dockerfile">Dockerfile<a href="#dockerfile" class="hash-link" aria-label="Dockerfile的直接链接" title="Dockerfile的直接链接"></a></h3>
<div class="language-dockerfile codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-dockerfile codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"># Dockerfile</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">FROM node:8.4 # 新镜像基于node镜像</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">COPY . /app # 将当前目录文件都复制进镜像的/app文件夹下</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">WORKDIR /app # 指定工作目录为/app</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">RUN npm install --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org </span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">EXPOSE 3000 # 容器暴露的端口</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">CMD node app.js # 容器启动后执行的操作</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote>
<p>如果我们使用<code>docker run -it xxx /bin/bash</code>，则<code>CMD</code>命令不会执行。使用<code>docker run -it xxx</code>的话，会执行<code>CMD</code>的命令。</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_QJqH"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">docker image build -t <image_name> . # 构建镜像，通过-t指定镜像名</span><br></span></code></pre></div></div></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="row margin-top--sm theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/miusing/blog/tree/master/docs/docker.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>编辑此页</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_JAkA"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="docusaurus-mt-lg pagination-nav" aria-label="文件选项卡"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/linux"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">上一页</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Linux</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/设计模式"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">下一页</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">设计模式</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#安装" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">安装</a><ul><li><a href="#wsl" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">WSL</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#基础" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">基础</a><ul><li><a href="#image" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">image</a></li><li><a href="#container" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">container</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#打包镜像" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">打包镜像</a><ul><li><a href="#dockerfile" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Dockerfile</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div></div></div>
</body>
</html>