Display name with '|' character not parsed

[postme]

$sendingAddress = "Example | Example <example@example.com>";
$result = \Email\Parse::getInstance()->parse($sendingAddress, false);
$sendingDomain = strtolower($result['domain']);
print '$sendingDomain = ' . $sendingDomain;
$sendingAddress = strtolower($result['local_part']) . '@' . $sendingDomain;
print ': $sendingAddress = ' . $sendingAddress;

$sendingDomain =
$sendingAddress = @

Stripping out the '|' character before parsing resolves the issue.

[mmucklo]

Is that a valid RFC2822 email even? Can you point to a test case where this is parsable? I suppose the rules could be relaxed a bit, I think the Example | Example part technically needs to be in double quotes "Example | Example", although I may be wrong.

[postme]

Putting it in quotes does make it parseable, I'm trailing through RFC 5322 to check whether putting the display name in quotes is mandatory, it's not the most approachable of documents though.

[mmucklo]

So as far as I can tell the "|" is valid according to RFC 5322, but according to wikipedia it's not:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address

space and special characters "(),:;<>@[\] are allowed with restrictions (they are only allowed inside a quoted string, as described in the paragraph below, and in addition, a backslash or double-quote must be preceded by a backslash);

I need to dig a bit more.

[mmucklo]

@postme did you find anything in your searches?

[postme]

I would venture that the authorative source is RFC 5322. This states the following in paragraph 3.4:

name-addr = [display-name] angle-addr
display-name = phrase
phrase = 1word
word = atom / quoted-string
atom = [CFWS] 1atext [CFWS]
atext = ALPHA / DIGIT / ; Printable US-ASCII
"!" / "#" / ; characters not including
"$" / "%" / ; specials. Used for atoms.
"&" / "'" /
"*" / "+" /
"-" / "/" /
"=" / "?" /
"^" / "_" /
"`" / "{" /
"|" / "}" /
"~"
specials = "(" / ")" / ; Special characters that do
"<" / ">" / ; not appear in atext
"[" / "]" /
":" / ";" /
"@" / "" /
"," / "." /
DQUOTE

So deriving from this chain of definitions the "|" character is explicitly allowed in display name. Next question is whether the display name needs to be quoted to be valid.

3.2.4 states "Strings of characters that include characters other than those allowed in atoms can be represented in a quoted string format"

It follows from this that characters that are allowed in atoms dont need to be quoted. It could even be argued that special characters dont need to be quoted either as conveyed via the word "CAN" rather than "MUST".

Based on this reasoning I would posit that Example | Example <example@example.com> is a valid RFC 5322 email address.