diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/dismissive_pyromancer.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/dismissive_pyromancer.json
index 9f5bda56..6bf8a8d7 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/dismissive_pyromancer.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/dismissive_pyromancer.json
@@ -9,16 +9,20 @@
     "Human",
     "Wizard"
   ],
-  "mana_cost": "{2}{R}",
+  "mana_cost": "{1}{R}",
   "colors": [
     "red"
   ],
   "power": 2,
-  "toughness": 1,
+  "toughness": 2,
   "abilities": [
     {
       "type": "activated",
       "cost": [
+        {
+          "kind": "mana",
+          "mana": "{R}"
+        },
         {
           "kind": "tap"
         },
@@ -41,6 +45,9 @@
           "kind": "mana",
           "mana": "{2}{R}"
         },
+        {
+          "kind": "tap"
+        },
         {
           "kind": "sacrifice_this"
         }
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/enigma_drake.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/enigma_drake.json
index b10a4eb2..246f410a 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/enigma_drake.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/enigma_drake.json
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
   "subtypes": [
     "Drake"
   ],
-  "mana_cost": "{2}{U}{R}",
+  "mana_cost": "{1}{U}{R}",
   "colors": [
     "blue",
     "red"
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/gargoyle_sentinel.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/gargoyle_sentinel.json
index 5d03fbde..b632f4e4 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/gargoyle_sentinel.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/gargoyle_sentinel.json
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
   "mana_cost": "{3}",
   "colors": [],
   "power": 3,
-  "toughness": 4,
+  "toughness": 3,
   "keywords": [
     "defender"
   ],
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/ghastbark_twins.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/ghastbark_twins.json
index 7f0e49e4..87fe94b7 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/ghastbark_twins.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/ghastbark_twins.json
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@
   "subtypes": [
     "Treefolk"
   ],
-  "mana_cost": "{4}{G}",
+  "mana_cost": "{5}{G}{G}",
   "colors": [
     "green"
   ],
-  "power": 5,
-  "toughness": 5,
+  "power": 7,
+  "toughness": 7,
   "keywords": [
     "trample"
   ],
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/gift_of_paradise.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/gift_of_paradise.json
index 3c080846..bd81cb09 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/gift_of_paradise.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/gift_of_paradise.json
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
         {
           "kind": "gain_life",
           "player_ref": "controller",
-          "amount": 2
+          "amount": 3
         }
       ]
     }
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/goblin_trashmaster.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/goblin_trashmaster.json
index 5edd6075..2adfe13c 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/goblin_trashmaster.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/goblin_trashmaster.json
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@
     "creature"
   ],
   "subtypes": [
-    "Goblin"
+    "Goblin",
+    "Warrior"
   ],
   "mana_cost": "{2}{R}{R}",
   "colors": [
@@ -31,10 +32,6 @@
     {
       "type": "activated",
       "cost": [
-        {
-          "kind": "mana",
-          "mana": "{1}{R}"
-        },
         {
           "kind": "sacrifice",
           "subtype": "Goblin"
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/goreclaw_terror_of_qal_sisma.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/goreclaw_terror_of_qal_sisma.json
index 27b5c9f2..6aacc85f 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/goreclaw_terror_of_qal_sisma.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/goreclaw_terror_of_qal_sisma.json
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@
   "subtypes": [
     "Bear"
   ],
-  "mana_cost": "{4}{G}",
+  "mana_cost": "{3}{G}",
   "colors": [
     "green"
   ],
   "power": 4,
-  "toughness": 4,
+  "toughness": 3,
   "abilities": [
     {
       "type": "cost_modifier",
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/hired_blade.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/hired_blade.json
index 0fce6b8f..a4894279 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/hired_blade.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/hired_blade.json
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
   "colors": [
     "black"
   ],
-  "power": 2,
+  "power": 3,
   "toughness": 2,
   "keywords": [
     "flash"
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/magistrate_s_scepter.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/magistrate_s_scepter.json
index 62c593c8..3b607004 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/magistrate_s_scepter.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/magistrate_s_scepter.json
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
   "types": [
     "artifact"
   ],
-  "mana_cost": "{4}",
+  "mana_cost": "{3}",
   "colors": [],
   "abilities": [
     {
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/marauder_s_axe.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/marauder_s_axe.json
index 7446c576..bae88362 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/marauder_s_axe.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/marauder_s_axe.json
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@
   "subtypes": [
     "Equipment"
   ],
-  "mana_cost": "{3}",
+  "mana_cost": "{2}",
   "colors": [],
   "attachment": {
     "kind": "equipment",
     "attach_to": "any_creature_you_control",
     "equip": "{2}",
     "power": 2,
-    "toughness": 1
+    "toughness": 0
   }
 }
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/mistcaller.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/mistcaller.json
index 6259dfaa..ff936b03 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/mistcaller.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/mistcaller.json
@@ -6,17 +6,15 @@
     "creature"
   ],
   "subtypes": [
-    "Spirit"
+    "Merfolk",
+    "Wizard"
   ],
-  "mana_cost": "{1}{U}",
+  "mana_cost": "{U}",
   "colors": [
     "blue"
   ],
-  "power": 2,
+  "power": 1,
   "toughness": 1,
-  "keywords": [
-    "flash"
-  ],
   "abilities": [
     {
       "type": "activated",
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/ravenous_harpy.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/ravenous_harpy.json
index 306229ab..fd09b743 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/ravenous_harpy.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/ravenous_harpy.json
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
       "cost": [
         {
           "kind": "mana",
-          "mana": "{B}"
+          "mana": "{1}"
         },
         {
           "kind": "sacrifice",
@@ -36,11 +36,6 @@
           "kind": "put_counters_on_self",
           "counter": "plus_one_plus_one",
           "count": 1
-        },
-        {
-          "kind": "gain_life",
-          "player_ref": "controller",
-          "amount": 1
         }
       ]
     }
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/regal_bloodlord.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/regal_bloodlord.json
index 8135f504..7f5bdf43 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/regal_bloodlord.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/regal_bloodlord.json
@@ -7,10 +7,11 @@
   ],
   "subtypes": [
     "Vampire",
-    "Noble"
+    "Soldier"
   ],
-  "mana_cost": "{3}{B}{B}",
+  "mana_cost": "{3}{W}{B}",
   "colors": [
+    "white",
     "black"
   ],
   "power": 2,
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@
       "event": {
         "beginning_of_step": {
           "step": "end_step",
-          "whose_turn": "yours"
+          "whose_turn": "each"
         }
       },
       "effects": [
@@ -48,8 +49,8 @@
                 "colors": [
                   "black"
                 ],
-                "power": 2,
-                "toughness": 2,
+                "power": 1,
+                "toughness": 1,
                 "keywords": [
                   "flying"
                 ]
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/runic_armasaur.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/runic_armasaur.json
index 3812d9f5..862ac5f6 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/runic_armasaur.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/runic_armasaur.json
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@
   "subtypes": [
     "Dinosaur"
   ],
-  "mana_cost": "{2}{G}",
+  "mana_cost": "{1}{G}{G}",
   "colors": [
     "green"
   ],
-  "power": 1,
+  "power": 2,
   "toughness": 5,
   "abilities": [
     {
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/sigiled_sword_of_valeron.json b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/sigiled_sword_of_valeron.json
index 02f20b83..a9211eac 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/sigiled_sword_of_valeron.json
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/data/catalog/sigiled_sword_of_valeron.json
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@
           {
             "kind": "create_token",
             "count": 1,
-            "tapped": true,
             "attacking": true,
             "token": {
               "name": "Knight",
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/src/card/attachment.rs b/crates/sage-engine/src/card/attachment.rs
index 500a2aba..fc73dfcd 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/src/card/attachment.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/src/card/attachment.rs
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ mod tests {
                 attach_to: TargetSpec::AnyCreatureYouControl,
                 equip: Some("{2}".to_string()),
                 power: 2,
-                toughness: 1,
+                toughness: 0,
                 count_of: None,
                 keywords: vec![],
                 restrictions: vec![],
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/tests/blocking_an_additional_creature.rs b/crates/sage-engine/tests/blocking_an_additional_creature.rs
index fdd87a8b..a0572dc8 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/tests/blocking_an_additional_creature.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/tests/blocking_an_additional_creature.rs
@@ -307,11 +307,11 @@ fn ghastbark_twins_records_its_blocks_in_the_order_it_declared_them() {
 
 #[test]
 fn a_blocker_spreads_one_pool_of_power_across_the_attackers_it_blocks() {
-    // CR 510.1c/e from the blocker's side: the Twins' 5 power is *one* pool, assigned
+    // CR 510.1c/e from the blocker's side: the Twins' 7 power is *one* pool, assigned
     // just-lethal to the first attacker in its order and the remainder to the last —
-    // not 5 to each, which is what an attacker-driven loop would deal.
+    // not 7 to each, which is what an attacker-driven loop would deal.
     //
-    // A 3/3 first and a 6/6 second: 3 is lethal to the courser, and the 2 left over
+    // A 3/3 first and a 6/6 second: 3 is lethal to the courser, and the 4 left over
     // reaches the dreadmaw and stays marked on it.
     let db = db();
     let mut state = main_phase();
@@ -345,21 +345,22 @@ fn a_blocker_spreads_one_pool_of_power_across_the_attackers_it_blocks() {
     );
     assert_eq!(
         damage(&after, dreadmaw),
-        Some(2),
-        "and the remaining 2 reached the second, which survived it"
+        Some(4),
+        "and the remaining 4 reached the second, which survived it"
     );
     assert_eq!(
         damage(&after, twins),
         None,
-        "both attackers struck the one blocker back, which is 9 on a 5/5"
+        "both attackers struck the one blocker back, which is 9 on a 7/7"
     );
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn the_blockers_order_decides_which_attacker_the_damage_reaches() {
     // The mirror of the test above with the declaration order reversed. The 6/6 is now
-    // first and soaks all 5 — nothing is left for the 3/3, which walks away untouched.
-    // Nothing but the order changed, which is what makes the order load-bearing.
+    // first, so 6 of the Twins' 7 is lethal to *it* and the single point left over is all
+    // the 3/3 behind it takes. Nothing but the order changed, and it moved the death from
+    // one attacker to the other, which is what makes the order load-bearing.
     let db = db();
     let mut state = main_phase();
     let courser = place(&mut state, &db, "centaur_courser", PlayerId(0));
@@ -387,13 +388,13 @@ fn the_blockers_order_decides_which_attacker_the_damage_reaches() {
 
     assert_eq!(
         damage(&after, dreadmaw),
-        Some(5),
-        "the first in the order takes everything it can absorb"
+        None,
+        "the first in the order took lethal damage and died (CR 704.5g)"
     );
     assert_eq!(
         damage(&after, courser),
-        Some(0),
-        "and the second, behind a creature that never took lethal, takes nothing"
+        Some(1),
+        "and the second took only what the first could not absorb"
     );
 }
 
@@ -404,16 +405,18 @@ fn one_blocked_attacker_still_takes_the_whole_of_its_blockers_power() {
     // there is something to spread across.
     let db = db();
     let mut state = main_phase();
-    let dreadmaw = place(&mut state, &db, "colossal_dreadmaw", PlayerId(0));
+    // An 8/8 rather than the 6/6 the spread tests use: the whole pool is only *visible*
+    // on an attacker that survives it, and 7 kills a 6/6.
+    let mammoth = place(&mut state, &db, "aggressive_mammoth", PlayerId(0));
     let twins = place(&mut state, &db, "ghastbark_twins", PlayerId(1));
 
-    let state = attack_with(&state, &db, &[dreadmaw]);
+    let state = attack_with(&state, &db, &[mammoth]);
     let state = apply_action(
         &state,
         &Action::DeclareBlockers {
             blocks: vec![Block {
                 blocker: twins,
-                attacker: dreadmaw,
+                attacker: mammoth,
             }],
         },
         &db,
@@ -421,9 +424,9 @@ fn one_blocked_attacker_still_takes_the_whole_of_its_blockers_power() {
     let after = settle_until(&state, &db, |s| s.step == Step::EndCombat);
 
     assert_eq!(
-        damage(&after, dreadmaw),
-        Some(5),
-        "all 5 power on the one attacker it blocked"
+        damage(&after, mammoth),
+        Some(7),
+        "all 7 power on the one attacker it blocked"
     );
 }
 
@@ -435,11 +438,13 @@ fn blocking_two_attackers_leaves_neither_of_them_unblocked() {
     let db = db();
     let mut state = main_phase();
     let courser = place(&mut state, &db, "centaur_courser", PlayerId(0));
-    let dreadmaw = place(&mut state, &db, "colossal_dreadmaw", PlayerId(0));
+    // An 8/8 trampler, because 7 of anything less is swallowed whole by a 7/7 blocker and
+    // there would be no overflow left to be the point of this test.
+    let mammoth = place(&mut state, &db, "aggressive_mammoth", PlayerId(0));
     let twins = place(&mut state, &db, "ghastbark_twins", PlayerId(1));
     let before = state.players[1].life;
 
-    let state = attack_with(&state, &db, &[courser, dreadmaw]);
+    let state = attack_with(&state, &db, &[courser, mammoth]);
     let state = apply_action(
         &state,
         &Action::DeclareBlockers {
@@ -450,7 +455,7 @@ fn blocking_two_attackers_leaves_neither_of_them_unblocked() {
                 },
                 Block {
                     blocker: twins,
-                    attacker: dreadmaw,
+                    attacker: mammoth,
                 },
             ],
         },
@@ -458,7 +463,9 @@ fn blocking_two_attackers_leaves_neither_of_them_unblocked() {
     );
     let after = settle_until(&state, &db, |s| s.step == Step::EndCombat);
 
-    // The courser is blocked and has no trample, so it reaches nobody; the dreadmaw
-    // assigns 5 to the 5/5 blocker and tramples the 1 that is left (CR 702.19e).
+    // The courser has 3 power against a 7-toughness blocker, so it reaches nobody — the
+    // trample the Mammoth grants it changes nothing, because there is no lethal-and-then-
+    // some to spill. The Mammoth itself assigns 7 to the blocker and tramples the 1 that
+    // is left (CR 702.19e), and that single point is the whole of the life lost.
     assert_eq!(after.players[1].life, before - 1);
 }
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_activation_costs.rs b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_activation_costs.rs
index 0ab6176d..74038024 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_activation_costs.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_activation_costs.rs
@@ -96,6 +96,16 @@ fn on_battlefield(state: &GameState, id: PermanentId) -> bool {
     state.battlefield.iter().any(|perm| perm.id == id)
 }
 
+/// The permanent `id`, to stage a board a cost has to refuse — tapped, or freshly
+/// arrived.
+fn perm_mut(state: &mut GameState, id: PermanentId) -> &mut Permanent {
+    state
+        .battlefield
+        .iter_mut()
+        .find(|perm| perm.id == id)
+        .expect("the permanent is on the battlefield")
+}
+
 /// Activate `permanent`'s ability `index` with `payment`, and let the ability resolve.
 fn activate(
     state: &GameState,
@@ -159,6 +169,108 @@ fn a_discard_cost_is_not_offered_from_an_empty_hand() {
     assert!(valid_actions(&state, &db).contains(&offer(pyromancer, 0)));
 }
 
+// ----- the printed cost, exactly ---------------------------------------------
+//
+// Four cards whose authored cost drifted from the printed one and which every gate
+// passed anyway (#819, #820). Each test drives the offer, because an offer is where a
+// wrong cost is visible: a missing symbol makes an ability *cheaper*, and cheap is the
+// direction nothing else complains about.
+
+#[test]
+fn issue_820_the_pyromancers_draw_ability_needs_the_red_in_its_cost() {
+    // `{R}, {T}, Discard a card: Draw a card.` — the mana half was missing, so the
+    // ability was offered off an empty pool. The comparison is the same board with one
+    // red in it, which is what separates "the cost is enforced" from "nothing was ever
+    // offered".
+    let db = db();
+    let mut state = main_phase(&db);
+    to_hand(&mut state, &db, "shock");
+    let pyromancer = place(&mut state, &db, "dismissive_pyromancer", PlayerId(0));
+    state.players[0].mana_pool = sage_engine::ManaPool::default();
+
+    assert!(
+        !valid_actions(&state, &db).contains(&offer(pyromancer, 0)),
+        "an empty pool cannot pay the red pip"
+    );
+
+    state.players[0].mana_pool.add(Color::Red, 1);
+    assert!(
+        valid_actions(&state, &db).contains(&offer(pyromancer, 0)),
+        "and one red is enough"
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn issue_820_the_pyromancers_damage_ability_taps_as_part_of_its_cost() {
+    // `{2}{R}, {T}, Sacrifice this creature: …` — the `{T}` was missing, which made the
+    // ability usable while tapped and on the turn the creature arrived. Both are the same
+    // omission seen from two sides (CR 302.6).
+    let db = db();
+    let mut state = main_phase(&db);
+    place(&mut state, &db, "diamond_mare", PlayerId(1));
+    let pyromancer = place(&mut state, &db, "dismissive_pyromancer", PlayerId(0));
+    assert!(
+        valid_actions(&state, &db).contains(&offer(pyromancer, 1)),
+        "untapped and settled in, it is on offer"
+    );
+
+    let mut tapped = state.clone();
+    perm_mut(&mut tapped, pyromancer).tapped = true;
+    assert!(
+        !valid_actions(&tapped, &db).contains(&offer(pyromancer, 1)),
+        "a tapped creature has no tap symbol left to pay"
+    );
+
+    let mut sick = state.clone();
+    perm_mut(&mut sick, pyromancer).entered_turn = sick.turn;
+    assert!(
+        !valid_actions(&sick, &db).contains(&offer(pyromancer, 1)),
+        "and one that arrived this turn cannot tap either (CR 302.6)"
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn issue_820_the_trashmaster_destroys_an_artifact_for_a_goblin_and_nothing_else() {
+    // `Sacrifice a Goblin: Destroy target artifact.` — the whole cost is the sacrifice.
+    // An authored `{1}{R}` beside it made the ability unofferable off an empty pool, which
+    // is a card that simply does less than it prints.
+    let db = db();
+    let mut state = main_phase(&db);
+    let trashmaster = place(&mut state, &db, "goblin_trashmaster", PlayerId(0));
+    place(&mut state, &db, "diamond_mare", PlayerId(1));
+    state.players[0].mana_pool = sage_engine::ManaPool::default();
+
+    assert!(
+        valid_actions(&state, &db).contains(&offer(trashmaster, 1)),
+        "a Goblin to spend is the only thing it asks for"
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn issue_820_the_harpy_costs_one_generic_and_gains_no_life() {
+    // `{1}, Sacrifice another creature: Put a +1/+1 counter on this creature.` — the cost
+    // was authored `{B}` and the ability carried a life gain the card does not print. One
+    // colorless in the pool proves the first; the life total proves the second.
+    let db = db();
+    let mut state = main_phase(&db);
+    let harpy = place(&mut state, &db, "ravenous_harpy", PlayerId(0));
+    let food = place(&mut state, &db, "centaur_courser", PlayerId(0));
+    state.players[0].mana_pool = sage_engine::ManaPool::default();
+    state.players[0].mana_pool.add_colorless(1);
+    let life = state.players[0].life;
+
+    assert!(
+        valid_actions(&state, &db).contains(&offer(harpy, 0)),
+        "one generic pays it — no black required"
+    );
+
+    let after = activate(&state, &db, harpy, 0, vec![CostPayment::Sacrifice(food)]);
+    assert_eq!(
+        after.players[0].life, life,
+        "and nothing on the card gains life"
+    );
+}
+
 // ----- what the cost accepts ------------------------------------------------
 
 #[test]
@@ -169,7 +281,6 @@ fn the_sacrifice_is_charged_and_the_ability_still_does_what_it_says() {
     let mut state = main_phase(&db);
     let harpy = place(&mut state, &db, "ravenous_harpy", PlayerId(0));
     let food = place(&mut state, &db, "centaur_courser", PlayerId(0));
-    let life = state.players[0].life;
 
     let after = activate(&state, &db, harpy, 0, vec![CostPayment::Sacrifice(food)]);
 
@@ -184,7 +295,6 @@ fn the_sacrifice_is_charged_and_the_ability_still_does_what_it_says() {
         1,
         "the ability resolved"
     );
-    assert_eq!(after.players[0].life, life + 1);
 }
 
 #[test]
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_attacking_tokens.rs b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_attacking_tokens.rs
index 9a3a4e85..3c3e7ac9 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_attacking_tokens.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_attacking_tokens.rs
@@ -271,6 +271,45 @@ fn issue_734_a_created_attacker_can_be_blocked() {
     );
 }
 
+/// The other half of the pair: `create a 2/2 white Knight creature token with vigilance
+/// **that's attacking**` — attacking and **untapped**, because that is all the card says
+/// (#819, #820). The Knight was authored tapped, which is a token that arrives already
+/// spent for a card whose whole point is that it does not tap.
+#[test]
+fn issue_820_the_sigiled_swords_knight_arrives_attacking_and_untapped() {
+    let db = db();
+    let mut state = main_phase();
+    let bearer = place(&mut state, &db, "onakke_ogre", PlayerId(0));
+    let sword = place(&mut state, &db, "sigiled_sword_of_valeron", PlayerId(0));
+    if let Some(perm) = state.battlefield.iter_mut().find(|perm| perm.id == sword) {
+        perm.attached_to = Some(bearer);
+    }
+
+    let state = declare_attack(&state, &db, bearer);
+    assert_eq!(
+        state.stack.len(),
+        1,
+        "the granted attack trigger is on the stack"
+    );
+    let state = resolve_stack(&state, &db);
+
+    let knights = tokens(&state);
+    assert_eq!(knights.len(), 1, "one Knight token");
+    let knight = knights[0];
+    assert_eq!(
+        attack_target_of(&state, knight.id),
+        attack_target_of(&state, bearer),
+        "it joins the attack the equipped creature declared"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        !knight.tapped,
+        "and it is untapped — the card says attacking, and nothing else"
+    );
+    let current = characteristics(&state, knight.id, &db);
+    assert_eq!((current.power, current.toughness), (Some(2), Some(2)));
+    assert!(current.keywords.contains(&Keyword::Vigilance));
+}
+
 // ----- what it is *not* -----------------------------------------------------
 
 /// CR 506.3c: a token put onto the battlefield attacking was never **declared** as an
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_equipment.rs b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_equipment.rs
index 32887a29..776fad0f 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_equipment.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_equipment.rs
@@ -185,8 +185,8 @@ fn issue_728_an_equipment_enters_attached_to_nothing_and_equips_a_creature() {
             power(&state, &db, bear),
             characteristics(&state, bear, &db).toughness
         ),
-        (Some(5), Some(4)),
-        "a 3/3 holding a +2/+1 Axe is a 5/4 (CR 613 layers 7c and 6)"
+        (Some(5), Some(3)),
+        "a 3/3 holding a +2/+0 Axe is a 5/3 (CR 613 layers 7c and 6)"
     );
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_granted_abilities.rs b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_granted_abilities.rs
index aa27ecac..cb67a008 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_granted_abilities.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_granted_abilities.rs
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ fn offered_indices(state: &GameState, db: &CardDatabase, permanent: PermanentId)
 // ----- an Aura on a land ----------------------------------------------------
 
 #[test]
-fn issue_740_gift_of_paradise_enchants_a_land_and_gains_two_life() {
+fn issue_740_gift_of_paradise_enchants_a_land_and_gains_three_life() {
     // CR 303.4a: an Aura's enchant restriction is whatever class its card names, and a
     // land is one of them. The whole cast goes through the ordinary path — one required
     // target slot, chosen at announcement — and the entry trigger resolves behind it.
@@ -191,8 +191,8 @@ fn issue_740_gift_of_paradise_enchants_a_land_and_gains_two_life() {
     assert_eq!(attached_to(&state, aura), Some(land));
     assert_eq!(
         state.players[0].life,
-        life + 2,
-        "the enters-the-battlefield trigger gained two life"
+        life + 3,
+        "the enters-the-battlefield trigger gained three life"
     );
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_hired_blade.rs b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_hired_blade.rs
index 93b7144b..e83fb51d 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_hired_blade.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_hired_blade.rs
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ fn issue_748_a_creature_without_flash_is_refused_by_apply_action_itself() {
 #[test]
 fn issue_748_flash_changes_only_the_timing() {
     // What the keyword does *not* do is as much of the card as what it does: the
-    // creature that arrives is an ordinary 2/2 with no abilities, entering the way any
+    // creature that arrives is an ordinary 3/2 with no abilities, entering the way any
     // other creature spell's would.
     let db = db();
     let mut state = stocked();
@@ -177,6 +177,6 @@ fn issue_748_flash_changes_only_the_timing() {
         .find(|p| p.instance == blade.id)
         .expect("the creature resolved onto the battlefield");
     let face = perm.printed.face(&db).expect("a printed face");
-    assert_eq!((face.power(), face.toughness()), (Some(2), Some(2)));
+    assert_eq!((face.power(), face.toughness()), (Some(3), Some(2)));
     assert!(state.stack.is_empty(), "and nothing is left over");
 }
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_life_gained_this_turn.rs b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_life_gained_this_turn.rs
index ac45a327..00fdf5bc 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_life_gained_this_turn.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_life_gained_this_turn.rs
@@ -8,10 +8,11 @@
 //! still answers yes — and the events stop counting at the turn boundary, which only a
 //! walk that crosses one can show.
 //!
-//! Regal Bloodlord asks the plain question at its controller's end step; Resplendent
-//! Angel asks it with a threshold of five at every end step. Sovereign's Bite is how a
-//! seat takes life away from itself: it is printed as "target player loses 3 life and
-//! you gain 3 life", and nothing stops the caster from being the target.
+//! Regal Bloodlord and Resplendent Angel both ask at **every** end step, whoever's turn
+//! it is; the Angel's question carries a threshold of five and the Bloodlord's does not.
+//! Sovereign's Bite is how a seat takes life away from itself: it is printed as "target
+//! player loses 3 life and you gain 3 life", and nothing stops the caster from being the
+//! target.
 #![allow(clippy::unwrap_used, clippy::expect_used, clippy::panic)]
 
 use sage_engine::{
@@ -177,6 +178,51 @@ fn tokens(state: &GameState, db: &CardDatabase, name: &str) -> usize {
         .count()
 }
 
+/// The trigger is `at the beginning of **each** end step` (#819, #820): it was authored
+/// as the controller's own, so an opponent's turn made no Bat however much life the
+/// Bloodlord's controller had gained in it. The Bat is a **1/1**, not the 2/2 it was
+/// authored as — a token's printed size is the only thing on it, so a wrong one is wrong
+/// everywhere it is read.
+#[test]
+fn issue_820_the_bloodlord_asks_at_every_end_step_and_makes_a_one_one_bat() {
+    let db = db();
+    let mut state = fresh_game(&db);
+    place(&mut state, &db, "regal_bloodlord", PlayerId(0));
+
+    // Turn 2 belongs to seat 1. Seat 0 holds the Bloodlord and gains the life on their
+    // opponent's turn, with an instant — which is the only turn this trigger's scope is
+    // observable on, since the life-gain window closes at the turn boundary.
+    let state = walk_until(&state, &db, |s| {
+        s.turn == 2 && s.step == Step::PrecombatMain
+    });
+    let state = cast_and_resolve(&state, &db, "revitalize", Vec::new());
+
+    let state = walk_until(&state, &db, |s| s.turn == 3 && s.step == Step::Upkeep);
+    assert_eq!(
+        tokens(&state, &db, "Bat"),
+        1,
+        "the opponent's end step is an end step, and the Bloodlord watched it"
+    );
+
+    let bat = state
+        .battlefield
+        .iter()
+        .find(|perm| {
+            perm.printed.card().is_none()
+                && perm
+                    .printed
+                    .face(&db)
+                    .is_some_and(|face| face.name() == "Bat")
+        })
+        .expect("the Bat is on the battlefield");
+    let face = bat.printed.face(&db).expect("a printed face");
+    assert_eq!(
+        (face.power(), face.toughness()),
+        (Some(1), Some(1)),
+        "a 1/1 black Bat creature token with flying"
+    );
+}
+
 /// A turn with no life gained in it makes no Bat: the trigger fires either way, and the
 /// condition is what decides whether anything happens.
 #[test]
diff --git a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_mistcaller.rs b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_mistcaller.rs
index a3bcc086..8415b8fc 100644
--- a/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_mistcaller.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-engine/tests/m19_mistcaller.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
-//! Mistcaller (M19 #62): flash (CR 702.8), and a **one-shot replacement effect**
-//! (CR 614.1b) that exiles the next nontoken creature to enter the battlefield this turn
-//! without being cast.
+//! Mistcaller (M19 #62): a **one-shot replacement effect** (CR 614.1b) that exiles the
+//! next nontoken creature to enter the battlefield this turn without being cast.
+//!
+//! The card prints **no keyword** — it is a `{U}` 1/1 Merfolk Wizard whose whole text is
+//! the sacrifice ability. It is not a flash creature and never was; that is Hired Blade,
+//! whose file owns the keyword's tests.
 //!
 //! Every test drives the **real** [`apply_action`] pipeline over the bundled catalog.
-//! What is under test is not that the definition parses — it is that the card can be held
-//! up like an instant, that sacrificing it arms a replacement, that the replacement
-//! catches a reanimation and misses a cast, and that it is spent by the first entry it
-//! catches. Cards are named by their authored `functional_id`, never by an interned
-//! handle (ADR 0008 §3).
+//! What is under test is not that the definition parses — it is that sacrificing the card
+//! arms a replacement, that the replacement catches a reanimation and misses a cast, and
+//! that it is spent by the first entry it catches. Cards are named by their authored
+//! `functional_id`, never by an interned handle (ADR 0008 §3).
 #![allow(clippy::unwrap_used, clippy::expect_used, clippy::panic)]
 
 use sage_engine::{
@@ -113,21 +115,24 @@ fn reanimate_skeleton(
     (apply_action(&state, &Action::PassPriority, db), card)
 }
 
-// ----- flash ----------------------------------------------------------------
+// ----- the printed card -----------------------------------------------------
 
 #[test]
-fn issue_731_mistcaller_is_castable_at_instant_speed_on_an_opponents_turn() {
-    // CR 702.8: flash lifts the sorcery-speed gate and nothing else. The comparison is a
-    // creature without it, in the same hand at the same moment.
+fn mistcaller_has_no_flash_and_is_bound_by_the_sorcery_speed_gate() {
+    // The card carries no keyword at all, so the ordinary CR 302.1 timing rule applies to
+    // it exactly as it does to any other creature spell. The comparison is a creature that
+    // *does* have flash, in the same hand at the same moment — the same shape Hired Blade's
+    // file uses, run the other way round, so "the gate is there" is distinguishable from
+    // "nothing was offered for some other reason".
     let db = db();
     let mut state = main_phase();
     // Player 1's turn, player 0 holding priority: sorcery speed is unavailable to them.
     state.active_player = PlayerId(1);
     state.priority = PlayerId(0);
     let mistcaller = state.new_instance(cid(&db, "mistcaller"));
-    let vanilla = state.new_instance(cid(&db, "tolarian_scholar"));
+    let flashed = state.new_instance(cid(&db, "hired_blade"));
     state.players[0].hand.push(mistcaller);
-    state.players[0].hand.push(vanilla);
+    state.players[0].hand.push(flashed);
 
     let offers = valid_actions(&state, &db);
     let castable = |card: CardInstance| {
@@ -139,10 +144,13 @@ fn issue_731_mistcaller_is_castable_at_instant_speed_on_an_opponents_turn() {
             payment: Vec::new(),
         })
     };
-    assert!(castable(mistcaller), "flash ignores the sorcery-speed gate");
     assert!(
-        !castable(vanilla),
-        "a creature without flash is still bound by it"
+        !castable(mistcaller),
+        "Mistcaller prints no flash, so it waits for its own main phase"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        castable(flashed),
+        "and a creature that does print it is offered at the same moment"
     );
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/sage-server/src/rules_text/tests.rs b/crates/sage-server/src/rules_text/tests.rs
index e642f67a..108c85de 100644
--- a/crates/sage-server/src/rules_text/tests.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-server/src/rules_text/tests.rs
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ fn issue_728_an_equipment_states_its_grant_and_its_equip_ability() {
     let db = bundled();
     assert_eq!(
         text_of(&db, "marauder_s_axe"),
-        "Equipped creature gets +2/+1.\n\
+        "Equipped creature gets +2/+0.\n\
          {2}: Attach Marauder's Axe to target creature you control."
     );
 
@@ -1247,8 +1247,8 @@ fn a_life_gained_condition_states_its_threshold_only_when_there_is_one() {
     let db = bundled();
     assert_eq!(
         text_of(&db, "regal_bloodlord"),
-        "Flying\nAt the beginning of your end step, if you gained life this turn, \
-         you create a 2/2 black Bat creature token with flying."
+        "Flying\nAt the beginning of each end step, if you gained life this turn, \
+         you create a 1/1 black Bat creature token with flying."
     );
     assert_eq!(
         text_of(&db, "resplendent_angel"),
@@ -1497,20 +1497,19 @@ fn issue_721_an_activation_cost_states_what_the_player_must_spend() {
     let db = bundled();
     assert_eq!(
         text_of(&db, "ravenous_harpy"),
-        "Flying\n{B}, Sacrifice another creature: Put a +1/+1 counter on Ravenous Harpy \
-         and you gain 1 life."
+        "Flying\n{1}, Sacrifice another creature: Put a +1/+1 counter on Ravenous Harpy."
     );
     // A subtype names the class on its own: a Goblin is a Goblin whatever else it is, and
     // the Trashmaster is one, so with no *another* it is a legal payment for its own cost.
     assert_eq!(
         text_of(&db, "goblin_trashmaster"),
         "Other Goblins you control get +1/+1.\n\
-         {1}{R}, Sacrifice a Goblin: Destroy target artifact."
+         Sacrifice a Goblin: Destroy target artifact."
     );
     assert_eq!(
         text_of(&db, "dismissive_pyromancer"),
-        "{T}, Discard a card: Draw a card.\n\
-         {2}{R}, Sacrifice this permanent: Dismissive Pyromancer deals 4 damage to \
+        "{R}, {T}, Discard a card: Draw a card.\n\
+         {2}{R}, {T}, Sacrifice this permanent: Dismissive Pyromancer deals 4 damage to \
          target creature."
     );
 }
@@ -1545,15 +1544,13 @@ fn issue_721_a_costs_size_and_the_amount_that_reads_it_are_both_stated() {
 }
 
 /// A created replacement reads as the sentence a card prints it in: the event, the turn
-/// it lasts, the qualifier on the event, and what happens instead (CR 614.1b). The
-/// keyword line above it is the flash the card is held up with (CR 702.8).
+/// it lasts, the qualifier on the event, and what happens instead (CR 614.1b).
 #[test]
 fn issue_731_a_created_replacement_reads_as_the_next_time_this_turn() {
     let db = bundled();
     assert_eq!(
         text_of(&db, "mistcaller"),
-        "Flash\n\
-         Sacrifice this permanent: The next time a nontoken creature would enter the \
+        "Sacrifice this permanent: The next time a nontoken creature would enter the \
          battlefield this turn without being cast, exile it instead."
     );
 }
@@ -1664,7 +1661,7 @@ fn issue_740_a_granted_ability_is_quoted_on_the_card_that_grants_it() {
     let db = bundled();
     assert_eq!(
         text_of(&db, "gift_of_paradise"),
-        "When Gift of Paradise enters the battlefield, you gain 2 life.\n\
+        "When Gift of Paradise enters the battlefield, you gain 3 life.\n\
          Enchant land.\n\
          Enchanted land has \"{T}: Add two mana of any one color.\""
     );
@@ -1893,7 +1890,7 @@ fn issue_706_animating_reads_as_what_it_becomes_and_for_how_long() {
         text_of(&db, "sigiled_sword_of_valeron"),
         "Equipped creature gets +2/+0.\nEquipped creature has vigilance.\nEquipped \
          creature is a Knight in addition to its other types.\nEquipped creature has \
-         \"Whenever this creature attacks, you create a tapped 2/2 white Knight creature \
+         \"Whenever this creature attacks, you create a 2/2 white Knight creature \
          token with vigilance that's attacking.\"\n{3}: Attach Sigiled Sword of Valeron \
          to target creature you control."
     );
diff --git a/crates/sage-server/src/view/payment/activation.rs b/crates/sage-server/src/view/payment/activation.rs
index aadb3b89..7a621b4f 100644
--- a/crates/sage-server/src/view/payment/activation.rs
+++ b/crates/sage-server/src/view/payment/activation.rs
@@ -415,6 +415,9 @@ mod tests {
             false,
             false,
         );
+        // `{R}, {T}, Discard a card` — the mana half has to be payable for the
+        // activation to be offered at all.
+        state.players[0].mana_pool.add(sage_engine::Color::Red, 1);
 
         let action = activation(&state, &db, pyromancer, "Discard");
         let (prompt, zone, count, candidates) = zone_slot(&action, DISCARD_SLOT);
@@ -469,6 +472,9 @@ mod tests {
             false,
             false,
         );
+        // `{R}, {T}, Discard a card` — the mana half has to be payable for the
+        // activation to be offered at all.
+        state.players[0].mana_pool.add(sage_engine::Color::Red, 1);
 
         let action = activation(&state, &db, pyromancer, "Discard");
         let bound = resolve_action(