@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+---
+'@objectstack/core': patch
+'@objectstack/types': minor
+---
+
+An import row for the sandbox's own fault reads the create door's fault sentence, not the runner's diagnostic text (#22741)
+
+Clause-②: yes (widening)
+
+The QuickJS runner raises some `SandboxError`s itself: a hook or action body that runs past its CPU budget or past the wall-clock ceiling, calls a capability it was not granted, or meets a failed install or marshal. These carry no `innerMessage`. `POST /api/v1/data/:object` and `/createMany` answer them `500 INTERNAL_ERROR` `Internal server error`. The sync `/import` row and the `/import/jobs` stored row answered the runner's text instead, for example `hook 'guard' exceeded CPU budget of 50ms (after 3 pump iterations)`.
+
+- **`@objectstack/types`** exports `isSandboxOwnFault(error)`. It is `true` for an error whose `name` is `'SandboxError'` and whose `innerMessage` is not a non-empty string, which is how the runner marks the faults it raises itself. A body's refusal or crash carries `innerMessage` and answers `false`.
+- **`@objectstack/core`**'s import row applies the rule a crashed body already gets: when the sandbox raised the error and the create door answers it with a 5xx, the row's `error` is the door's sentence. The row's `code` is unchanged (`IMPORT_ROW_FAILED`). A driver error, and an error a code-defined hook threw, keep the row text they had.
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+/**
+ * [#22741] An import row for the sandbox's OWN fault reads the create door's
+ * fault sentence, never the runner's diagnostic text. This is the enumeration
+ * pin that closes the import-row versus data-door fault-text family (#22694 the
+ * refusal, #22718 the crash and the declared 5xx, this card the rest).
+ *
+ * ## What was measured broken
+ *
+ * The REAL `QuickJSScriptRunner`, at `eed637c09f`, fed to the real
+ * `mapDataError` and `runImport`: a hook body that burns its CPU budget, one
+ * stuck past the wall-clock ceiling, one denied `api.read`, one denied `log`
+ * and one whose `ctx.api` method is missing each threw a `SandboxError` with no
+ * `innerMessage`. The create door answered every one `500 INTERNAL_ERROR`
+ * `Internal server error`; the row answered the runner's text, e.g.
+ * `hook 'mz_lock_insert' exceeded CPU budget of 50ms (after 0 pump iterations)`.
+ * `toFailedResult` takes the door's sentence only for a sandbox ORIGIN (a
+ * non-empty `innerMessage`), and these errors have none.
+ *
+ * ## Why an enumeration, and what it iterates
+ *
+ * The population is read from the producer, not listed here.
+ * `packages/runtime/src/sandbox/quickjs-runner.ts` is parsed with the
+ * TypeScript compiler, and every `new SandboxError(…)` that passes no
+ * `innerMessage` is a site, as is every `throwSandboxFault(vm, …)` call, whose
+ * `SandboxError` the pump loop rebuilds with no `innerMessage` once the fault
+ * has crossed the VM. Each site's message is rendered from its own template
+ * literal, with a fixed sample per interpolation. So:
+ *
+ *  - a new fault site is in the population the day it lands, and turns this
+ *    file red if its row does not read the door's sentence;
+ *  - a site this file cannot render (an interpolation with no sample, a
+ *    message that is not a literal and not a declared relay) is red too, and
+ *    the failure names it.
+ *
+ * Comments are not code: the two `throw new SandboxError(` examples inside the
+ * runner's doc comments are not sites, because the parser never sees them.
+ *
+ * The class is REPRODUCED, because `@objectstack/core` sits below
+ * `@objectstack/runtime`, but its `name` is READ from the producer's
+ * constructor (`this.name = '…'`). A rename there reaches every case below.
+ *
+ * §2 runs the relay half: a construction that DOES set `innerMessage`, after
+ * its body crashed one VM hop down, arrives at the outer pump as a fault with
+ * that construction's `.message` and no `innerMessage`. §3 holds the controls,
+ * which stay unchanged by this card: driver text, and errors the sandbox did
+ * not raise. `import-runner-sandbox-refusal-row.test.ts` §4 is the driver-text
+ * control #22718's ablation B pinned, and it is not edited here.
+ *
+ * The sample object name in a rendered message is deliberately NOT the
+ * import's object. `mapDataError`'s unknown-object heuristic answers `404
+ * OBJECT_NOT_FOUND` for a text that names the requested object and contains
+ * `not`, which a capability denial on that object does. That is a door
+ * defect outside this card; the row does not copy a 4xx sentence.
+ */
+
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { dirname, resolve } from 'node:path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+import ts from 'typescript';
+import { describe, it, expect, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { mapDataError, INTERNAL_ERROR_MESSAGE, isSandboxOwnFault } from '@objectstack/types';
+import { runImport, sanitizeRowError, type ImportProtocolLike } from './import-runner';
+import type { ExportFieldMeta } from './import-field-meta.js';
+
+const HERE = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+const RUNNER = resolve(HERE, '../../../runtime/src/sandbox/quickjs-runner.ts');
+const SOURCE = ts.createSourceFile(RUNNER, readFileSync(RUNNER, 'utf8'), ts.ScriptTarget.Latest, true);
+
+/**
+ * One sample per interpolation the runner's fault messages use. A message
+ * naming an expression not listed here is unrenderable, and §1's census says
+ * which. `objectName` is not the import's object (see the header).
+ */
+const SAMPLES: Readonly<Record<string, string>> = {
+  'args.origin.kind': 'hook',
+  'args.origin.name': 'mz_lock_insert',
+  'origin.kind': 'hook',
+  'origin.name': 'mz_lock_insert',
+  cpuBudget: '50',
+  wallCeiling: '30000',
+  pumps: '3',
+  'formatErr(msg)': 'SyntaxError: unexpected token',
+  objectName: 'mz_other',
+  method: 'find',
+  required: 'api.read',
+  fieldName: 'owner',
+};
+
+/** §2: the error a nested body threw, so the construction it lands in is a CRASH. */
+const CRASH_SAMPLES: Readonly<Record<string, string>> = {
+  ...SAMPLES,
+  'formatErr(err)': 'TypeError: boom',
+  errStr: 'TypeError: boom',
+};
+
+/**
+ * The single-argument constructions whose message is not a literal: each one
+ * re-raises a fault that other sites produce. A relay missing from the
+ * runner, or a new non-literal one, fails §1's census.
+ */
+const RELAYS: Readonly<Record<string, string>> = {
+  message: '`throwSandboxFault` builds the error for each of its call sites, which are sites here in their own right',
+  'withoutSandboxErrorPrefix(String(errStr))':
+    'the pump loop rebuilds a fault marked across the VM hop: the `throwSandboxFault` messages, the host-side faults thrown inside a host call (sites here), and a nested body\'s crash (§2)',
+};
+
+/** Each named fault kind, with the number of sites measured at `eed637c09f` as its floor. */
+const KINDS: ReadonlyArray<readonly [kind: string, pattern: RegExp, floor: number]> = [
+  ['CPU budget', /exceeded CPU budget/, 1],
+  ['wall-clock ceiling', /exceeded wall-clock ceiling/, 1],
+  ['capability denial', /^capability '/, 5],
+  ['ctx.api unavailable', /^ctx\.api unavailable/, 1],
+  ['install failure', /^failed to install/, 4],
+  ['marshal failure', /^failed to marshal/, 1],
+  ['nested transaction refusal', /^nested ctx\.api\.transaction/, 1],
+  ['missing ctx.api method', /not implemented$/, 1],
+];
+
+interface Site {
+  label: string;
+  message: string;
+}
+
+function lineOf(node: ts.Node): number {
+  return SOURCE.getLineAndCharacterOfPosition(node.getStart()).line + 1;
+}
+
+function render(node: ts.Expression, samples: Readonly<Record<string, string>>): string {
+  if (ts.isStringLiteral(node) || ts.isNoSubstitutionTemplateLiteral(node)) return node.text;
+  if (ts.isParenthesizedExpression(node)) return render(node.expression, samples);
+  if (ts.isTemplateExpression(node)) {
+    let out = node.head.text;
+    for (const span of node.templateSpans) {
+      const expr = span.expression.getText();
+      if (!(expr in samples)) throw new Error(`no sample for the interpolation \`${expr}\``);
+      out += samples[expr] + span.literal.text;
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+  if (ts.isBinaryExpression(node) && node.operatorToken.kind === ts.SyntaxKind.PlusToken) {
+    return render(node.left, samples) + render(node.right, samples);
+  }
+  throw new Error(`a message that is neither a literal nor a declared relay: \`${node.getText()}\``);
+}
+
+/** The `name` the producer's constructor assigns, read from the source. */
+function producerName(): string | undefined {
+  let found: string | undefined;
+  const visit = (node: ts.Node): void => {
+    if (ts.isClassDeclaration(node) && node.name?.text === 'SandboxError') {
+      for (const member of node.members) {
+        if (!ts.isConstructorDeclaration(member) || member.body === undefined) continue;
+        for (const st of member.body.statements) {
+          if (!ts.isExpressionStatement(st) || !ts.isBinaryExpression(st.expression)) continue;
+          const { left, right, operatorToken } = st.expression;
+          if (
+            operatorToken.kind === ts.SyntaxKind.EqualsToken &&
+            ts.isPropertyAccessExpression(left) &&
+            left.expression.kind === ts.SyntaxKind.ThisKeyword &&
+            left.name.text === 'name' &&
+            ts.isStringLiteral(right)
+          ) {
+            found = right.text;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    ts.forEachChild(node, visit);
+  };
+  visit(SOURCE);
+  return found;
+}
+
+const census = (() => {
+  const faults: Site[] = [];
+  const crashes: Site[] = [];
+  const relays: string[] = [];
+  const unrenderable: string[] = [];
+  const visit = (node: ts.Node): void => {
+    if (ts.isNewExpression(node) && ts.isIdentifier(node.expression) && node.expression.text === 'SandboxError') {
+      const args = node.arguments ?? [];
+      const at = `quickjs-runner.ts:${lineOf(node)}`;
+      if (args.length === 1) {
+        const text = args[0].getText();
+        if (text in RELAYS) {
+          relays.push(text);
+        } else {
+          try {
+            faults.push({ label: `${at} new SandboxError(…)`, message: render(args[0], SAMPLES) });
+          } catch (e) {
+            unrenderable.push(`${at}: ${(e as Error).message}`);
+          }
+        }
+      } else if (args.length >= 2) {
+        try {
+          crashes.push({ label: `${at} new SandboxError(…, innerMessage), relayed`, message: render(args[0], CRASH_SAMPLES) });
+        } catch (e) {
+          unrenderable.push(`${at} (relayed): ${(e as Error).message}`);
+        }
+      } else {
+        unrenderable.push(`${at}: a construction with no message`);
+      }
+    }
+    if (ts.isCallExpression(node) && ts.isIdentifier(node.expression) && node.expression.text === 'throwSandboxFault') {
+      const at = `quickjs-runner.ts:${lineOf(node)}`;
+      try {
+        faults.push({ label: `${at} throwSandboxFault(…)`, message: render(node.arguments[1], SAMPLES) });
+      } catch (e) {
+        unrenderable.push(`${at}: ${(e as Error).message}`);
+      }
+    }
+    ts.forEachChild(node, visit);
+  };
+  visit(SOURCE);
+  return { faults, crashes, relays, unrenderable };
+})();
+
+const PRODUCER_NAME = producerName();
+
+/** The producer's own fault: its declared `name`, and no `innerMessage`. */
+function ownFault(message: string): Error {
+  const err = new Error(message);
+  err.name = PRODUCER_NAME ?? 'unread';
+  return err;
+}
+
+type CreateArgs = Parameters<ImportProtocolLike['createData']>[0];
+
+const OBJECT = 'mz_locked';
+
+const baseOpts = {
+  objectName: OBJECT,
+  metaMap: new Map<string, ExportFieldMeta>([['name', { name: 'name', type: 'text' }]]),
+  writeMode: 'insert' as const,
+  matchFields: [] as string[],
+  dryRun: false,
+  runAutomations: false,
+  trimWhitespace: true,
+  createMissingOptions: false,
+  skipBlankMatchKey: false,
+};
+
+/** Inline path: no bulk primitive, so each row is one `createData`. */
+function inlineProtocol(fail: () => Error): ImportProtocolLike {
+  return {
+    findData: vi.fn(async () => []),
+    createData: vi.fn(async (args: CreateArgs) => {
+      if (args.data.name === 'r1') throw fail();
+      return { id: `id_${String(args.data.name)}` };
+    }),
+    updateData: vi.fn(),
+  };
+}
+
+async function rowFor(fail: () => Error) {
+  const summary = await runImport({ ...baseOpts, p: inlineProtocol(fail), rows: [{ name: 'r1' }] });
+  expect(summary.errors).toBe(1);
+  return summary.results[0];
+}
+
+/** The door's verdict FIRST: a fault, its text withheld. Anti-vacuity for every row assertion below. */
+function expectDoorWithholds(err: Error, message: string) {
+  const door = mapDataError(err, OBJECT);
+  expect(door.status).toBe(500);
+  expect(door.body).toEqual({ error: INTERNAL_ERROR_MESSAGE, code: 'INTERNAL_ERROR' });
+  expect(String(door.body.error)).not.toContain(message);
+  return door;
+}
+
+describe('[#22741] §1 — every fault the runner raises itself reads the door\'s sentence on the row', () => {
+  it('census: the producer is read, every construction is classified, and each named kind is present', () => {
+    expect(PRODUCER_NAME, 'the `this.name = …` assignment in SandboxError\'s constructor').toBeTypeOf('string');
+    expect(census.unrenderable, 'sites this pin cannot render; add a sample or a relay').toEqual([]);
+    expect([...new Set(census.relays)].sort()).toEqual(Object.keys(RELAYS).sort());
+    for (const [kind, pattern, floor] of KINDS) {
+      const n = census.faults.filter((s) => pattern.test(s.message)).length;
+      expect(n, `${kind}: sites found`).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(floor);
+    }
+    // §2's population: the constructions that set `innerMessage` (crash and refusal sites).
+    expect(census.crashes.length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(4);
+  });
+
+  it.each(census.faults.map((s) => [s.label, s.message] as const))('%s', async (_label, message) => {
+    const err = ownFault(message);
+    expect(isSandboxOwnFault(err)).toBe(true);
+    const door = expectDoorWithholds(err, message);
+
+    const row = await rowFor(() => ownFault(message));
+    expect(row).toEqual({ row: 1, ok: false, action: 'failed', error: door.body.error, code: 'IMPORT_ROW_FAILED' });
+  });
+
+  it('the batched write paths reach the same answer (the budget fault)', async () => {
+    const budget = census.faults.find((s) => /exceeded CPU budget/.test(s.message))!.message;
+    const insertManyData = vi.fn(async (args: { records: Array<Record<string, unknown>> }) => ({
+      outcomes: args.records.map((r) => (r.name === 'r1'
+        ? { ok: false, error: ownFault(budget) }
+        : { ok: true, record: { id: `id_${String(r.name)}` } })),
+    }));
+    const p = { ...inlineProtocol(() => ownFault(budget)), createManyData: vi.fn(), insertManyData } as unknown as ImportProtocolLike;
+    const summary = await runImport({ ...baseOpts, p, rows: [{ name: 'r0' }, { name: 'r1' }, { name: 'r2' }] });
+
+    expect(insertManyData).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(summary.created).toBe(2);
+    expect(summary.results[1]).toEqual({ row: 2, ok: false, action: 'failed', error: INTERNAL_ERROR_MESSAGE, code: 'IMPORT_ROW_FAILED' });
+    expect(JSON.stringify(summary)).not.toMatch(/exceeded CPU budget|mz_lock_insert/);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('[#22741] §2 — a nested body\'s crash, relayed one VM hop up as the sandbox\'s fault', () => {
+  it.each(census.crashes.map((s) => [s.label, s.message] as const))('%s', async (_label, message) => {
+    const err = ownFault(message);
+    expect(isSandboxOwnFault(err)).toBe(true);
+    const door = expectDoorWithholds(err, message);
+
+    const row = await rowFor(() => ownFault(message));
+    expect(row).toEqual({ row: 1, ok: false, action: 'failed', error: door.body.error, code: 'IMPORT_ROW_FAILED' });
+    expect(JSON.stringify(row)).not.toMatch(/TypeError|boom|threw:/);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('[#22741] §3 — controls: what the predicate must NOT change', () => {
+  const budget = () => census.faults.find((s) => /exceeded CPU budget/.test(s.message))!.message;
+
+  it('CONTROL — the same text on an error the sandbox did not raise keeps the row\'s own reading', async () => {
+    // The predicate reads the producer's class identity, never the message.
+    const err = () => new Error(budget());
+    expect(isSandboxOwnFault(err())).toBe(false);
+    expect(mapDataError(err(), OBJECT).status).toBe(500);
+    expect((await rowFor(err)).error).toBe(sanitizeRowError(budget()));
+  });
+
+  it('CONTROL — a code-defined hook\'s native TypeError keeps its text, as the filing says', async () => {
+    const text = "Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'owner')";
+    const err = () => new TypeError(text);
+    expect(isSandboxOwnFault(err())).toBe(false);
+    expect((await rowFor(err)).error).toBe(text);
+  });
+
+  it('CONTROL — driver text keeps `sanitizeRowError`\'s reading although its door answers 5xx', async () => {
+    const sql = "insert into `mz_locked` (`name`) values ('r1') - SQLITE_BUSY: database is locked";
+    expect(isSandboxOwnFault(new Error(sql))).toBe(false);
+    expect(mapDataError(new Error(sql), OBJECT).status).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(500);
+    expect((await rowFor(() => new Error(sql))).error).toBe('SQLITE_BUSY: database is locked');
+  });
+
+  it('CONTROL — a sandboxed body\'s refusal or crash is the origin rule\'s, not this predicate\'s', () => {
+    const refusal = Object.assign(ownFault("hook 'g' threw: Error: Locked."), { innerMessage: 'Locked.' });
+    const crash = Object.assign(ownFault("hook 'g' threw: TypeError: boom"), { innerMessage: 'TypeError: boom' });
+    expect(isSandboxOwnFault(refusal)).toBe(false);
+    expect(isSandboxOwnFault(crash)).toBe(false);
+    for (const value of [undefined, null, 'SandboxError', { name: 'SandboxErrorX' }]) {
+      expect(isSandboxOwnFault(value), String(value)).toBe(false);
+    }
+  });
+});