diff --git a/.changeset/10586-inspector-strings-i18n-2.md b/.changeset/10586-inspector-strings-i18n-2.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..06671f2571
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/10586-inspector-strings-i18n-2.md
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+---
+'@object-ui/app-shell': patch
+---
+
+fix(app-shell): the hook and action inspectors, and the shared inspector defaults, read their words in the designer's locale (objectui#10586)
+
+`HookDefaultInspector` and `ActionDefaultInspector` rendered their section
+titles, field labels, placeholders, hints, option labels and accessible names
+as English literals. `InspectorComboField` and `_shared.tsx` fell back to
+English defaults wherever a caller passed none: the combo's placeholder,
+search box, empty state, loading text and "Use" row, and the shell's close
+label, the reorder pair's names and the roster-failure notice. So a zh-CN
+author read English inside an otherwise Chinese designer.
+
+The two inspectors now read the designer's own string catalogue under
+`engine.inspector.hook.*` and `engine.inspector.action.*`, each row in en and
+zh, from the `locale` their host already passes. The combo's words are new
+`engine.inspector.combo.*` rows. The other defaults reuse existing rows
+(`engine.form.selectEllipsis`, `engine.close`, `engine.inspector.reorder.*`,
+`engine.form.optionsLoadFailedTitle`), and they follow the active language
+through `useMetadataLocale()`. A label the caller passes still wins. The en-US
+text is unchanged. Stored values, lifecycle event names, HTTP methods, code
+samples and sample values are not words and stay as they were.
diff --git a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/i18n.ts b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/i18n.ts
index 0c1dcbe61c..05ab136bd6 100644
--- a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/i18n.ts
+++ b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/i18n.ts
@@ -792,6 +792,164 @@ const ENGINE_STRINGS_EN: Record<string, string> = {
   'engine.inspector.action.kind': 'Action',
   'engine.inspector.action.close': 'Close action',
   'engine.inspector.hook.kind': 'Hook',
+  // Hook default (home) inspector (objectui#10586). Event names, code samples
+  // and the priority digits stay literal: they are identifiers, not words.
+  'engine.inspector.hook.bodyLang.expression': 'Expression (L1)',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.bodyLang.js': 'Sandboxed JS (L2)',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.basics': 'Basics',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.label': 'Label',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.labelPlaceholder': 'Human-readable name',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.name': 'Name',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.namePlaceholder': 'snake_case identifier',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.objects': 'Object(s) this hook fires on',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.allObjects': 'All objects (*)',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.noObjects': 'No objects found — publish an object, then pick it here.',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.pickObject': 'Pick at least one object (or All objects).',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.events': 'Events',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.eventsHint': 'Which lifecycle events invoke this hook.',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.eventsWrite': 'Write',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.eventsQuery': 'Query',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.pickEvent': 'Select at least one event.',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.function': 'Function',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.functionHint': 'The handler that runs when the hook fires.',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.language': 'Language',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.handlerBody': 'Handler body',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.bodyHint.expression': 'A single L1 expression evaluated against the record / ctx.',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.bodyHint.js': 'Runs in the sandbox as (ctx) => Promise<void>.',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.options': 'Options',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.priority': 'Priority',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.async': 'Run asynchronously (after commit)',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.condition': 'Run only when (optional CEL)',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.moreFieldsHint': 'Advanced / rarely-used properties.',
+  // Action default (home) inspector (objectui#10586). Option labels are keyed
+  // by the stored value; `{…}` tokens are slots the inspector fills with a
+  // node (a code span, a capability list). HTTP methods, `↑` / `↓` and the
+  // path / dotted-key samples stay literal.
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.script': 'Script — run an expression / sandboxed JS',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.api': 'API — call an endpoint',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.flow': 'Flow — invoke a flow',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.modal': 'Modal — open a modal/page',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.form': 'Form — open a FormView',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.url': 'URL — navigate to a link',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant.primary': 'Primary',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant.secondary': 'Secondary',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant.danger': 'Danger',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant.ghost': 'Ghost',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant.link': 'Link',
+  'engine.inspector.action.component.button': 'Button',
+  'engine.inspector.action.component.icon': 'Icon only',
+  'engine.inspector.action.component.menu': 'Menu item',
+  'engine.inspector.action.component.group': 'Button group',
+  'engine.inspector.action.mode.create': 'Create',
+  'engine.inspector.action.mode.edit': 'Edit',
+  'engine.inspector.action.mode.delete': 'Delete',
+  'engine.inspector.action.mode.custom': 'Custom',
+  'engine.inspector.action.bodyLang.expression': 'Expression (L1)',
+  'engine.inspector.action.bodyLang.js': 'Sandboxed JS (L2)',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.text': 'Text',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.textarea': 'Long text',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.number': 'Number',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.boolean': 'Checkbox',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.select': 'Select',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.date': 'Date',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.datetime': 'Date/time',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.lookup': 'Lookup',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.record_header': 'Record header',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.record_more': 'Record · more menu',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.record_section': 'Record · section',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.record_related': 'Record · related list',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.list_toolbar': 'List toolbar',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.list_item': 'List · row',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.url.label': 'URL',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.url.placeholder': 'https://… or /path?x=${param.x}',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.url.hint': 'Supports ${param.x} and ${ctx.x} interpolation.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.flow.label': 'Flow name',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.flow.placeholder': 'snake_case flow',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.flow.hint': 'The flow to invoke when clicked.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.modal.label': 'Modal / page name',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.modal.placeholder': 'snake_case page',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.modal.hint': 'The modal or page to open.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.form.label': 'Form view name',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.form.hint': 'Opens /console/forms/<name>.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.api.label': 'API endpoint',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.api.hint': 'Endpoint called with the request body below.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.scriptOp.run': 'Run a script — sandboxed JS / expression body',
+  'engine.inspector.action.scriptOp.update': 'Update fields on this record — no code',
+  'engine.inspector.action.objectPlaceholder': 'snake_case object',
+  'engine.inspector.action.objectNone': '— None (global) —',
+  'engine.inspector.action.options': 'Options',
+  'engine.inspector.action.optionsEmpty': 'No choices yet — a Select with no options opens an empty picker in the dialog.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.optionLabel': 'Label',
+  'engine.inspector.action.optionValue': 'Value',
+  'engine.inspector.action.removeOption': 'Remove option {index}',
+  'engine.inspector.action.addOption': 'Add option',
+  'engine.inspector.action.basics': 'Basics',
+  'engine.inspector.action.label': 'Label',
+  'engine.inspector.action.labelPlaceholder': 'Button text shown to users',
+  'engine.inspector.action.name': 'Name',
+  'engine.inspector.action.namePlaceholder': 'snake_case identifier',
+  'engine.inspector.action.object': 'Object',
+  'engine.inspector.action.objectBoundHint': 'Bound action — surfaces in this object’s views per the placement below.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.objectGlobalHint': 'Empty = global action — must be referenced by a page’s quick actions, global nav, a flow, or AI to appear.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.icon': 'Icon',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant': 'Variant',
+  'engine.inspector.action.behavior': 'Behavior',
+  'engine.inspector.action.behaviorHint': 'What happens when the action is triggered.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type': 'Type',
+  'engine.inspector.action.pinnedScript': 'Pinned to {script}: the field write is performed on the platform action route, which is this type’s own route. Any other type is refused beside it.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.whatItDoes': 'What it does',
+  'engine.inspector.action.fieldValues': 'Field values',
+  'engine.inspector.action.fieldValuesEmpty': 'No field values yet — add one, or collect the value as an input below.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.fieldValueField': 'Field',
+  'engine.inspector.action.fieldValueValue': 'Value',
+  'engine.inspector.action.removeFieldValue': 'Remove field value',
+  'engine.inspector.action.addFieldValue': 'Add field value',
+  'engine.inspector.action.updateHint': 'Written to the current record as the caller — object permissions, hooks and validations fire as for a user edit. An input collected below with the same name overrides the fixed value here.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.scriptLanguage': 'Script language',
+  'engine.inspector.action.scriptBody': 'Script body',
+  'engine.inspector.action.scriptBodyHint': 'Runs in the sandbox as {signature}.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.method': 'Method',
+  'engine.inspector.action.inputs': 'Inputs',
+  'engine.inspector.action.inputsHint': 'Collected from the user in a dialog before the action runs.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.inputsEmpty': 'No inputs — the action runs immediately on click.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.removeInput': 'Remove input',
+  'engine.inspector.action.bindToField': 'Bind to field',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramName': 'Name',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramNamePlaceholder': 'request-body key',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramLabel': 'Label',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramTypeLabel': 'Type',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramPlaceholder': 'Placeholder',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramRequired': 'Required',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramPrefill': 'Pre-fill from row',
+  'engine.inspector.action.addInput': 'Add input',
+  'engine.inspector.action.placement': 'Placement',
+  'engine.inspector.action.placementHint': 'Where this action surfaces in the UI.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.noPlacement': 'No placement selected — this action will not appear on any record or list surface. Tick a placement above, or place it from a view’s bulk actions.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.capabilityGate': 'Capability-gated on {capabilities} — every placement ticked above hides this action from anyone who does not hold {whom}. Not greyed out and not an error: the button is simply absent, and the server refuses the invocation with a 403 either way.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.capabilityGateAll': 'all of them',
+  'engine.inspector.action.capabilityGateOne': 'it',
+  'engine.inspector.action.capabilityGateSelf': 'This session does not hold {capabilities}, so the button is hidden from you too — grant it through a permission set to see it in the app.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.component': 'Component',
+  'engine.inspector.action.feedback': 'Feedback',
+  'engine.inspector.action.feedbackHint': 'Confirmation and post-run messaging.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.confirmText': 'Confirm prompt',
+  'engine.inspector.action.confirmTextPlaceholder': 'Ask before running (leave blank to skip)',
+  'engine.inspector.action.successMessage': 'Success message',
+  'engine.inspector.action.errorMessage': 'Error message',
+  'engine.inspector.action.mode': 'Mode',
+  'engine.inspector.action.refreshAfter': 'Refresh view after',
+  'engine.inspector.action.undoable': 'Offer undo',
+  'engine.inspector.action.conditions': 'Conditions',
+  'engine.inspector.action.conditionsHint': 'No-code predicates over the record / user / ctx (compiled to CEL).',
+  'engine.inspector.action.visibleWhen': 'Visible when',
+  'engine.inspector.action.disabledWhen': 'Disabled when',
+  'engine.inspector.action.ai': 'AI exposure',
+  'engine.inspector.action.aiHint': 'Opt-in: expose this action to AI agents as a callable tool.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.aiExposed': 'Expose to AI agents',
+  'engine.inspector.action.aiDescription': 'Tool description (required, ≥40 chars)',
+  'engine.inspector.action.aiDescriptionPlaceholder': 'When and why an agent should call this action…',
+  'engine.inspector.action.aiDescriptionTooShort': 'A ≥40-character description is required while exposed.',
+  'engine.inspector.action.moreFieldsHint': 'Advanced / rarely-used properties.',
   // Dashboard default (home) inspector
   'engine.inspector.dashboard.kind': 'Dashboard',
   'engine.inspector.dashboard.close': 'Close dashboard',
@@ -1059,6 +1217,12 @@ const ENGINE_STRINGS_EN: Record<string, string> = {
   // Reorder buttons (used in InspectorShell header)
   'engine.inspector.reorder.up': 'Move up',
   'engine.inspector.reorder.down': 'Move down',
+  // InspectorComboField defaults (objectui#10586). `{value}` is the typed
+  // text, drawn in a code span by the combo.
+  'engine.inspector.combo.search': 'Search or type…',
+  'engine.inspector.combo.noMatch': 'No match — keep typing to use a custom value.',
+  'engine.inspector.combo.loading': 'Loading…',
+  'engine.inspector.combo.useCustom': 'Use {value}',
   'engine.edit.overlay': 'overlay',
   'engine.edit.readOnlyBanner': 'Viewing in read-only mode. Click {edit} to make changes.',
   'engine.edit.readOnlyTypeBanner':
@@ -2872,6 +3036,162 @@ const ENGINE_STRINGS_ZH: Record<string, string> = {
   'engine.inspector.action.kind': '动作',
   'engine.inspector.action.close': '关闭动作',
   'engine.inspector.hook.kind': '钩子',
+  // Hook default (home) inspector (objectui#10586).
+  'engine.inspector.hook.bodyLang.expression': '表达式（L1）',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.bodyLang.js': '沙箱 JS（L2）',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.basics': '基本信息',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.label': '显示名',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.labelPlaceholder': '便于阅读的名称',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.name': '名称',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.namePlaceholder': 'snake_case 标识符',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.objects': '此钩子触发的对象',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.allObjects': '所有对象（*）',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.noObjects': '未找到对象 —— 请先发布一个对象，再在此处选择。',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.pickObject': '请至少选择一个对象（或「所有对象」）。',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.events': '事件',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.eventsHint': '哪些生命周期事件会调用此钩子。',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.eventsWrite': '写入',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.eventsQuery': '查询',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.pickEvent': '请至少选择一个事件。',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.function': '函数',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.functionHint': '钩子触发时运行的处理函数。',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.language': '语言',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.handlerBody': '处理函数主体',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.bodyHint.expression': '针对 record / ctx 求值的单个 L1 表达式。',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.bodyHint.js': '在沙箱中以 (ctx) => Promise<void> 的形式运行。',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.options': '选项',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.priority': '优先级',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.async': '异步运行（提交之后）',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.condition': '仅在以下条件成立时运行（可选 CEL）',
+  'engine.inspector.hook.moreFieldsHint': '高级 / 不常用的属性。',
+  // Action default (home) inspector (objectui#10586). Wording follows the
+  // catalogue's own rows: pageBlock's variant and location labels, the
+  // `engine.fieldType.*` names, `designer.field.*` (显示名 / 占位符 / 必填).
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.script': '脚本 —— 运行表达式 / 沙箱 JS',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.api': 'API —— 调用端点',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.flow': '流程 —— 调用流程',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.modal': '弹窗 —— 打开弹窗 / 页面',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.form': '表单 —— 打开表单视图',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type.url': 'URL —— 跳转到链接',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant.primary': '主要',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant.secondary': '次要',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant.danger': '危险',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant.ghost': '幽灵',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant.link': '链接',
+  'engine.inspector.action.component.button': '按钮',
+  'engine.inspector.action.component.icon': '仅图标',
+  'engine.inspector.action.component.menu': '菜单项',
+  'engine.inspector.action.component.group': '按钮组',
+  'engine.inspector.action.mode.create': '新建',
+  'engine.inspector.action.mode.edit': '编辑',
+  'engine.inspector.action.mode.delete': '删除',
+  'engine.inspector.action.mode.custom': '自定义',
+  'engine.inspector.action.bodyLang.expression': '表达式（L1）',
+  'engine.inspector.action.bodyLang.js': '沙箱 JS（L2）',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.text': '单行文本',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.textarea': '多行文本',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.number': '数字',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.boolean': '复选框',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.select': '下拉选择',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.date': '日期',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.datetime': '日期时间',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramType.lookup': '查找关系',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.record_header': '记录头部',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.record_more': '记录 · 更多菜单',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.record_section': '记录 · 分区',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.record_related': '记录 · 关联列表',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.list_toolbar': '列表工具栏',
+  'engine.inspector.action.location.list_item': '列表 · 行',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.url.label': 'URL 地址',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.url.placeholder': 'https://… 或 /path?x=${param.x}',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.url.hint': '支持 ${param.x} 与 ${ctx.x} 插值。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.flow.label': '流程名称',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.flow.placeholder': 'snake_case 流程名',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.flow.hint': '点击时调用的流程。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.modal.label': '弹窗 / 页面名称',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.modal.placeholder': 'snake_case 页面名',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.modal.hint': '要打开的弹窗或页面。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.form.label': '表单视图名称',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.form.hint': '打开 /console/forms/<name>。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.api.label': 'API 端点',
+  'engine.inspector.action.target.api.hint': '使用下方请求体调用的端点。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.scriptOp.run': '运行脚本 —— 沙箱 JS / 表达式主体',
+  'engine.inspector.action.scriptOp.update': '更新此记录的字段 —— 无需代码',
+  'engine.inspector.action.objectPlaceholder': 'snake_case 对象名',
+  'engine.inspector.action.objectNone': '— 无（全局）—',
+  'engine.inspector.action.options': '选项',
+  'engine.inspector.action.optionsEmpty': '还没有选项 —— 没有选项的下拉选择会在对话框中打开一个空的选择器。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.optionLabel': '显示名',
+  'engine.inspector.action.optionValue': '值',
+  'engine.inspector.action.removeOption': '移除选项 {index}',
+  'engine.inspector.action.addOption': '添加选项',
+  'engine.inspector.action.basics': '基本信息',
+  'engine.inspector.action.label': '显示名',
+  'engine.inspector.action.labelPlaceholder': '向用户显示的按钮文字',
+  'engine.inspector.action.name': '名称',
+  'engine.inspector.action.namePlaceholder': 'snake_case 标识符',
+  'engine.inspector.action.object': '对象',
+  'engine.inspector.action.objectBoundHint': '绑定动作 —— 按下方的放置位置出现在此对象的视图中。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.objectGlobalHint': '留空 = 全局动作 —— 须被页面的快捷动作、全局导航、流程或 AI 引用后才会出现。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.icon': '图标',
+  'engine.inspector.action.variant': '样式',
+  'engine.inspector.action.behavior': '行为',
+  'engine.inspector.action.behaviorHint': '动作被触发时会发生什么。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.type': '类型',
+  'engine.inspector.action.pinnedScript': '已固定为 {script}：字段写入在平台动作路由上执行，而这正是该类型自己的路由。与它并存时，其他任何类型都会被拒绝。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.whatItDoes': '作用',
+  'engine.inspector.action.fieldValues': '字段值',
+  'engine.inspector.action.fieldValuesEmpty': '还没有字段值 —— 添加一个，或在下方把该值作为输入项收集。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.fieldValueField': '字段',
+  'engine.inspector.action.fieldValueValue': '值',
+  'engine.inspector.action.removeFieldValue': '移除字段值',
+  'engine.inspector.action.addFieldValue': '添加字段值',
+  'engine.inspector.action.updateHint': '以调用者身份写入当前记录 —— 对象权限、钩子与校验会像用户编辑时一样触发。下方收集的同名输入项会覆盖此处的固定值。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.scriptLanguage': '脚本语言',
+  'engine.inspector.action.scriptBody': '脚本主体',
+  'engine.inspector.action.scriptBodyHint': '在沙箱中以 {signature} 的形式运行。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.method': '请求方法',
+  'engine.inspector.action.inputs': '输入项',
+  'engine.inspector.action.inputsHint': '在动作运行前通过对话框向用户收集。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.inputsEmpty': '没有输入项 —— 点击后立即运行动作。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.removeInput': '移除输入项',
+  'engine.inspector.action.bindToField': '绑定到字段',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramName': '名称',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramNamePlaceholder': '请求体键名',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramLabel': '显示名',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramTypeLabel': '类型',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramPlaceholder': '占位符',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramRequired': '必填',
+  'engine.inspector.action.paramPrefill': '从行预填',
+  'engine.inspector.action.addInput': '添加输入项',
+  'engine.inspector.action.placement': '放置位置',
+  'engine.inspector.action.placementHint': '此动作在界面中出现的位置。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.noPlacement': '未选择放置位置 —— 此动作不会出现在任何记录或列表界面上。请在上方勾选一个放置位置，或通过视图的批量动作放置它。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.capabilityGate': '受权限 {capabilities} 控制 —— 对于不具备{whom}的任何人，上方勾选的每个放置位置都会隐藏此动作。这不是置灰，也不是错误：按钮只是不出现，而且无论如何服务器都会以 403 拒绝调用。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.capabilityGateAll': '全部这些权限',
+  'engine.inspector.action.capabilityGateOne': '该权限',
+  'engine.inspector.action.capabilityGateSelf': '当前会话不具备 {capabilities}，因此该按钮对你同样隐藏 —— 通过权限集授予后，即可在应用中看到它。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.component': '组件',
+  'engine.inspector.action.feedback': '反馈',
+  'engine.inspector.action.feedbackHint': '确认提示与运行后的消息。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.confirmText': '确认提示',
+  'engine.inspector.action.confirmTextPlaceholder': '运行前询问（留空则跳过）',
+  'engine.inspector.action.successMessage': '成功消息',
+  'engine.inspector.action.errorMessage': '错误消息',
+  'engine.inspector.action.mode': '模式',
+  'engine.inspector.action.refreshAfter': '完成后刷新视图',
+  'engine.inspector.action.undoable': '提供撤销',
+  'engine.inspector.action.conditions': '条件',
+  'engine.inspector.action.conditionsHint': '基于 record / user / ctx 的无代码判断条件（编译为 CEL）。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.visibleWhen': '可见条件',
+  'engine.inspector.action.disabledWhen': '禁用条件',
+  'engine.inspector.action.ai': 'AI 开放',
+  'engine.inspector.action.aiHint': '可选：将此动作作为可调用工具开放给 AI 智能体。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.aiExposed': '开放给 AI 智能体',
+  'engine.inspector.action.aiDescription': '工具描述（必填，≥40 个字符）',
+  'engine.inspector.action.aiDescriptionPlaceholder': '智能体应在何时、出于何种目的调用此动作…',
+  'engine.inspector.action.aiDescriptionTooShort': '开放期间必须提供至少 40 个字符的描述。',
+  'engine.inspector.action.moreFieldsHint': '高级 / 不常用的属性。',
   // Dashboard default (home) inspector
   'engine.inspector.dashboard.kind': '仪表盘',
   'engine.inspector.dashboard.close': '关闭仪表盘',
@@ -3190,6 +3510,11 @@ const ENGINE_STRINGS_ZH: Record<string, string> = {
   // Reorder buttons
   'engine.inspector.reorder.up': '上移',
   'engine.inspector.reorder.down': '下移',
+  // InspectorComboField defaults (objectui#10586).
+  'engine.inspector.combo.search': '搜索或输入…',
+  'engine.inspector.combo.noMatch': '无匹配项 —— 继续输入即可使用自定义值。',
+  'engine.inspector.combo.loading': '加载中…',
+  'engine.inspector.combo.useCustom': '使用 {value}',
   'engine.edit.overlay': '覆盖',
   'engine.edit.readOnlyBanner': '当前为只读模式。点击 {edit} 进行修改。',
   'engine.edit.readOnlyTypeBanner':
diff --git a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/ActionDefaultInspector.tsx b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/ActionDefaultInspector.tsx
index 8cfd645d69..2d7e261e45 100644
--- a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/ActionDefaultInspector.tsx
+++ b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/ActionDefaultInspector.tsx
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ import {
 import { usePermissions } from '@object-ui/permissions';
 import type { MetadataDefaultInspectorProps } from '../default-inspector-registry.js';
 import { SchemaForm } from '../SchemaForm.js';
-import { t } from '../i18n.js';
+import { t, tFormat, type SupportedLocale } from '../i18n.js';
 import {
   InspectorShell,
   InspectorTextField,
@@ -62,37 +62,60 @@ import { IconPickerWidget } from '../widgets.js';
 
 /* ─────────────── constants ─────────────── */
 
-const ACTION_TYPES = [
-  { value: 'script', label: 'Script — run an expression / sandboxed JS' },
-  { value: 'api', label: 'API — call an endpoint' },
-  { value: 'flow', label: 'Flow — invoke a flow' },
-  { value: 'modal', label: 'Modal — open a modal/page' },
-  { value: 'form', label: 'Form — open a FormView' },
-  { value: 'url', label: 'URL — navigate to a link' },
+/**
+ * An option whose label is a catalogue key, resolved in the designer locale at
+ * render (objectui#10586). The stored `value` never moves.
+ */
+type KeyedOption = { value: string; labelKey: string };
+
+function localizeOptions(options: ReadonlyArray<KeyedOption>, locale: SupportedLocale): Array<{ value: string; label: string }> {
+  return options.map((o) => ({ value: o.value, label: t(o.labelKey, locale) }));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Render a catalogue sentence whose `{token}` slots are React nodes (a code
+ * span, a capability list) — the split-and-interleave `ResourceEditPage`
+ * already uses for `engine.edit.readOnlyBanner`. Where a slot sits, and the
+ * words around it, belong to the locale rather than to this JSX.
+ */
+function withSlots(template: string, slots: Record<string, React.ReactNode>): React.ReactNode {
+  return template.split(/\{(\w+)\}/).map((part, i) =>
+    i % 2 === 1 ? <React.Fragment key={i}>{part in slots ? slots[part] : `{${part}}`}</React.Fragment> : part,
+  );
+}
+
+const ACTION_TYPES: KeyedOption[] = [
+  { value: 'script', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.type.script' },
+  { value: 'api', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.type.api' },
+  { value: 'flow', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.type.flow' },
+  { value: 'modal', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.type.modal' },
+  { value: 'form', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.type.form' },
+  { value: 'url', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.type.url' },
 ];
 
-const VARIANT_OPTS = [
-  { value: 'primary', label: 'Primary' },
-  { value: 'secondary', label: 'Secondary' },
-  { value: 'danger', label: 'Danger' },
-  { value: 'ghost', label: 'Ghost' },
-  { value: 'link', label: 'Link' },
+const VARIANT_OPTS: KeyedOption[] = [
+  { value: 'primary', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.variant.primary' },
+  { value: 'secondary', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.variant.secondary' },
+  { value: 'danger', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.variant.danger' },
+  { value: 'ghost', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.variant.ghost' },
+  { value: 'link', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.variant.link' },
 ];
 
-const COMPONENT_OPTS = [
-  { value: 'action:button', label: 'Button' },
-  { value: 'action:icon', label: 'Icon only' },
-  { value: 'action:menu', label: 'Menu item' },
-  { value: 'action:group', label: 'Button group' },
+const COMPONENT_OPTS: KeyedOption[] = [
+  { value: 'action:button', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.component.button' },
+  { value: 'action:icon', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.component.icon' },
+  { value: 'action:menu', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.component.menu' },
+  { value: 'action:group', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.component.group' },
 ];
 
-const MODE_OPTS = [
-  { value: 'create', label: 'Create' },
-  { value: 'edit', label: 'Edit' },
-  { value: 'delete', label: 'Delete' },
-  { value: 'custom', label: 'Custom' },
+const MODE_OPTS: KeyedOption[] = [
+  { value: 'create', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.mode.create' },
+  { value: 'edit', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.mode.edit' },
+  { value: 'delete', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.mode.delete' },
+  { value: 'custom', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.mode.custom' },
 ];
 
+// HTTP methods are protocol tokens, the same in every locale: plain labels.
 const METHOD_OPTS = [
   { value: 'POST', label: 'POST' },
   { value: 'PATCH', label: 'PATCH' },
@@ -100,9 +123,9 @@ const METHOD_OPTS = [
   { value: 'DELETE', label: 'DELETE' },
 ];
 
-const BODY_LANG_OPTS = [
-  { value: 'expression', label: 'Expression (L1)' },
-  { value: 'js', label: 'Sandboxed JS (L2)' },
+const BODY_LANG_OPTS: KeyedOption[] = [
+  { value: 'expression', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.bodyLang.expression' },
+  { value: 'js', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.bodyLang.js' },
 ];
 
 /*
@@ -122,15 +145,15 @@ const BODY_LANG_OPTS = [
  */
 // eslint-disable-next-line react-refresh/only-export-components -- see above
 export const PARAM_TYPE_OPTS = [
-  { value: 'text', label: 'Text' },
-  { value: 'textarea', label: 'Long text' },
-  { value: 'number', label: 'Number' },
-  { value: 'boolean', label: 'Checkbox' },
-  { value: 'select', label: 'Select' },
-  { value: 'date', label: 'Date' },
-  { value: 'datetime', label: 'Date/time' },
-  { value: 'lookup', label: 'Lookup' },
-] satisfies { value: ResolvableParamFieldType; label: string }[];
+  { value: 'text', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.paramType.text' },
+  { value: 'textarea', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.paramType.textarea' },
+  { value: 'number', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.paramType.number' },
+  { value: 'boolean', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.paramType.boolean' },
+  { value: 'select', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.paramType.select' },
+  { value: 'date', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.paramType.date' },
+  { value: 'datetime', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.paramType.datetime' },
+  { value: 'lookup', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.paramType.lookup' },
+] satisfies { value: ResolvableParamFieldType; labelKey: string }[];
 
 /**
  * Every `type` spelling an authored param may carry, as a runtime set — the
@@ -156,7 +179,8 @@ function asParamFieldType(value: string): ResolvableParamFieldType | undefined {
 }
 
 /**
- * Friendly labels for the spec's action locations.
+ * Friendly labels for the spec's action locations, as catalogue keys read in
+ * the designer locale (objectui#10586).
  *
  * The vocabulary belongs to `ActionLocation` (spec `ACTION_LOCATIONS`). This
  * used to restate all seven values under a "mirrors spec ACTION_LOCATIONS"
@@ -176,25 +200,30 @@ function asParamFieldType(value: string): ResolvableParamFieldType | undefined {
  * (record → list), deliberately not the spec's declaration order.
  */
 const LOCATION_LABELS: Record<ActionLocation, string> = {
-  record_header: 'Record header',
-  record_more: 'Record · more menu',
-  record_section: 'Record · section',
-  record_related: 'Record · related list',
-  list_toolbar: 'List toolbar',
-  list_item: 'List · row',
+  record_header: 'engine.inspector.action.location.record_header',
+  record_more: 'engine.inspector.action.location.record_more',
+  record_section: 'engine.inspector.action.location.record_section',
+  record_related: 'engine.inspector.action.location.record_related',
+  list_toolbar: 'engine.inspector.action.location.list_toolbar',
+  list_item: 'engine.inspector.action.location.list_item',
 };
 
-const LOCATIONS: Array<{ value: ActionLocation; label: string }> = (
+const LOCATIONS: Array<{ value: ActionLocation; labelKey: string }> = (
   Object.keys(LOCATION_LABELS) as ActionLocation[]
-).map((value) => ({ value, label: LOCATION_LABELS[value] }));
-
-/** Per-type binding hints for the single `target` field. */
-const TARGET_FIELD: Record<string, { label: string; placeholder: string; hint: string }> = {
-  url: { label: 'URL', placeholder: 'https://… or /path?x=${param.x}', hint: 'Supports ${param.x} and ${ctx.x} interpolation.' },
-  flow: { label: 'Flow name', placeholder: 'snake_case flow', hint: 'The flow to invoke when clicked.' },
-  modal: { label: 'Modal / page name', placeholder: 'snake_case page', hint: 'The modal or page to open.' },
-  form: { label: 'Form view name', placeholder: 'object.viewKey', hint: 'Opens /console/forms/<name>.' },
-  api: { label: 'API endpoint', placeholder: '/api/v1/…', hint: 'Endpoint called with the request body below.' },
+).map((value) => ({ value, labelKey: LOCATION_LABELS[value] }));
+
+/**
+ * Per-type binding hints for the single `target` field, as catalogue keys. A
+ * placeholder is a key when it carries words, and a literal when it is only a
+ * sample value (a dotted view key, an API path), which reads the same in every
+ * locale (objectui#10586).
+ */
+const TARGET_FIELD: Record<string, { labelKey: string; placeholderKey?: string; placeholder?: string; hintKey: string }> = {
+  url: { labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.url.label', placeholderKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.url.placeholder', hintKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.url.hint' },
+  flow: { labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.flow.label', placeholderKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.flow.placeholder', hintKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.flow.hint' },
+  modal: { labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.modal.label', placeholderKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.modal.placeholder', hintKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.modal.hint' },
+  form: { labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.form.label', placeholder: 'object.viewKey', hintKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.form.hint' },
+  api: { labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.api.label', placeholder: '/api/v1/…', hintKey: 'engine.inspector.action.target.api.hint' },
 };
 
 /** Action types whose `target` names another metadata record — render a picker
@@ -257,9 +286,9 @@ const UPDATE_OPERATION_REFUSES = [
 const UPDATE_OPERATION_REFUSED_LOCATION = 'list_toolbar';
 
 /** What a script action DOES — `operation` is authored beside `type`, not in it. */
-const SCRIPT_OPERATIONS = [
-  { value: '', label: 'Run a script — sandboxed JS / expression body' },
-  { value: 'update', label: 'Update fields on this record — no code' },
+const SCRIPT_OPERATIONS: KeyedOption[] = [
+  { value: '', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.scriptOp.run' },
+  { value: 'update', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.action.scriptOp.update' },
 ];
 
 /** Keys this inspector edits with its own controls — hidden from the fallback. */
@@ -318,16 +347,16 @@ function localize(v: unknown): string {
 }
 
 /** Object dropdown (falls back to free text when no objects are resolvable). */
-function ObjectPicker({ label, value, onCommit, disabled, hint }: {
-  label: string; value: string | undefined; onCommit: (v: string) => void; disabled?: boolean; hint?: string;
+function ObjectPicker({ label, value, onCommit, disabled, hint, locale }: {
+  label: string; value: string | undefined; onCommit: (v: string) => void; disabled?: boolean; hint?: string; locale: SupportedLocale;
 }) {
   const { options } = useObjectOptions();
   return (
     <div className="space-y-1">
       {options.length === 0 ? (
-        <InspectorTextField label={label} value={value ?? ''} placeholder="snake_case object" onCommit={onCommit} disabled={disabled} mono />
+        <InspectorTextField label={label} value={value ?? ''} placeholder={t('engine.inspector.action.objectPlaceholder', locale)} onCommit={onCommit} disabled={disabled} mono />
       ) : (
-        <InspectorSelectField label={label} value={value || undefined} options={[{ value: '', label: '— None (global) —' }, ...options]} onCommit={onCommit} disabled={disabled} />
+        <InspectorSelectField label={label} value={value || undefined} options={[{ value: '', label: t('engine.inspector.action.objectNone', locale) }, ...options]} onCommit={onCommit} disabled={disabled} />
       )}
       {hint && <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground/70">{hint}</div>}
     </div>
@@ -383,31 +412,33 @@ type ActionParamOption = NonNullable<ActionParam['options']>[number];
  * param's own "Label" control above has always made. Locale maps stay
  * authorable through the JSON source tab.
  */
-function ParamOptionsEditor({ options, onCommit, disabled }: {
+function ParamOptionsEditor({ options, onCommit, disabled, locale }: {
   options: ActionParamOption[] | undefined;
   onCommit: (next: ActionParamOption[]) => void;
   disabled?: boolean;
+  /** The designer locale this editor's own words read in (objectui#10586). */
+  locale: SupportedLocale;
 }) {
   const opts = Array.isArray(options) ? options : [];
   return (
-    <div role="group" aria-label="Options" className="space-y-1.5 rounded-md border border-dashed border-border p-2">
-      <div className="text-[11px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-muted-foreground">Options</div>
+    <div role="group" aria-label={t('engine.inspector.action.options', locale)} className="space-y-1.5 rounded-md border border-dashed border-border p-2">
+      <div className="text-[11px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-muted-foreground">{t('engine.inspector.action.options', locale)}</div>
       {opts.length === 0 ? (
         <p className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground/80">
-          No choices yet — a Select with no options opens an empty picker in the dialog.
+          {t('engine.inspector.action.optionsEmpty', locale)}
         </p>
       ) : (
         opts.map((o, j) => (
           <div key={j} className="flex items-start gap-1">
             <div className="grid flex-1 grid-cols-2 gap-2">
               <InspectorTextField
-                label="Label"
+                label={t('engine.inspector.action.optionLabel', locale)}
                 value={localize(o.label)}
                 onCommit={(v) => onCommit(spliceArray(opts, j, { ...o, label: v }))}
                 disabled={disabled}
               />
               <InspectorTextField
-                label="Value"
+                label={t('engine.inspector.action.optionValue', locale)}
                 value={o.value ?? ''}
                 onCommit={(v) => onCommit(spliceArray(opts, j, { ...o, value: v }))}
                 disabled={disabled}
@@ -420,7 +451,7 @@ function ParamOptionsEditor({ options, onCommit, disabled }: {
               size="icon"
               className="mt-[22px] h-6 w-6"
               disabled={disabled}
-              aria-label={`Remove option ${j + 1}`}
+              aria-label={tFormat('engine.inspector.action.removeOption', locale, { index: j + 1 })}
               onClick={() => onCommit(spliceArray(opts, j, null))}
             >
               <Trash2 className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
@@ -430,7 +461,7 @@ function ParamOptionsEditor({ options, onCommit, disabled }: {
       )}
       {!disabled && (
         <Button type="button" variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={() => onCommit(appendArray(opts, { label: '', value: '' }))}>
-          <Plus className="mr-1 h-3.5 w-3.5" /> Add option
+          <Plus className="mr-1 h-3.5 w-3.5" /> {t('engine.inspector.action.addOption', locale)}
         </Button>
       )}
     </div>
@@ -601,7 +632,14 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
     onPatch({ locations: next });
   };
 
-  const targetCfg = TARGET_FIELD[type];
+  // The target binding's words, resolved in the designer locale. A sample
+  // value placeholder (no words) passes through as it is.
+  const targetKeys = TARGET_FIELD[type];
+  const targetCfg = targetKeys && {
+    label: tr(targetKeys.labelKey),
+    placeholder: targetKeys.placeholderKey ? tr(targetKeys.placeholderKey) : (targetKeys.placeholder ?? ''),
+    hint: tr(targetKeys.hintKey),
+  };
 
   const fallbackSchema = serverSchema as Record<string, unknown> | undefined;
 
@@ -614,57 +652,57 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
       hideClose
     >
       {/* 1 ─ Basics */}
-      <SectionHeader title="Basics" />
-      <InspectorTextField label="Label" value={localize(draft.label)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ label: v })} placeholder="Button text shown to users" disabled={readOnly} />
-      <InspectorTextField label="Name" value={str('name')} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ name: v })} placeholder="snake_case identifier" disabled={readOnly} mono />
+      <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.action.basics')} />
+      <InspectorTextField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.label')} value={localize(draft.label)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ label: v })} placeholder={tr('engine.inspector.action.labelPlaceholder')} disabled={readOnly} />
+      <InspectorTextField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.name')} value={str('name')} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ name: v })} placeholder={tr('engine.inspector.action.namePlaceholder')} disabled={readOnly} mono />
       <ObjectPicker
-        label="Object"
+        label={tr('engine.inspector.action.object')}
         value={objectName}
         onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ objectName: v || undefined })}
         disabled={readOnly}
-        hint={objectName ? 'Bound action — surfaces in this object’s views per the placement below.' : 'Empty = global action — must be referenced by a page’s quick actions, global nav, a flow, or AI to appear.'}
+        hint={objectName ? tr('engine.inspector.action.objectBoundHint') : tr('engine.inspector.action.objectGlobalHint')}
+        locale={locale}
       />
       <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2">
         <div className="space-y-1">
-          <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Icon</Label>
+          <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{tr('engine.inspector.action.icon')}</Label>
           <IconPickerWidget schema={{ type: 'string' }} value={str('icon')} onChange={(v) => onPatch({ icon: (v as string) || undefined })} readOnly={readOnly} />
         </div>
-        <InspectorSelectField label="Variant" value={str('variant') || undefined} options={VARIANT_OPTS} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ variant: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+        <InspectorSelectField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.variant')} value={str('variant') || undefined} options={localizeOptions(VARIANT_OPTS, locale)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ variant: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
       </div>
 
       {/* 2 ─ Behavior (type-first) */}
       <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-3">
-        <SectionHeader title="Behavior" hint="What happens when the action is triggered." />
-        <InspectorSelectField label="Type" value={type} options={ACTION_TYPES} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ type: v })} disabled={readOnly || isUpdateOperation} />
+        <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.action.behavior')} hint={tr('engine.inspector.action.behaviorHint')} />
+        <InspectorSelectField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.type')} value={type} options={localizeOptions(ACTION_TYPES, locale)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ type: v })} disabled={readOnly || isUpdateOperation} />
         {isUpdateOperation && (
           <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground/70">
-            Pinned to <code>script</code>: the field write is performed on the platform action
-            route, which is this type’s own route. Any other type is refused beside it.
+            {withSlots(tr('engine.inspector.action.pinnedScript'), { script: <code>script</code> })}
           </div>
         )}
 
         {type === 'script' ? (
           <>
             <InspectorSelectField
-              label="What it does"
+              label={tr('engine.inspector.action.whatItDoes')}
               value={operation}
-              options={SCRIPT_OPERATIONS}
+              options={localizeOptions(SCRIPT_OPERATIONS, locale)}
               onCommit={commitOperation}
               disabled={readOnly}
             />
             {isUpdateOperation ? (
               <div className="space-y-2">
-                <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Field values</Label>
+                <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{tr('engine.inspector.action.fieldValues')}</Label>
                 {patchRows.length === 0 ? (
                   <p className="rounded-md border border-dashed bg-muted/30 px-3 py-2.5 text-center text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
-                    No field values yet — add one, or collect the value as an input below.
+                    {tr('engine.inspector.action.fieldValuesEmpty')}
                   </p>
                 ) : (
                   patchRows.map(([key, value], i) => (
                     <div key={i} className="flex items-end gap-2">
                       <div className="flex-1">
                         <InspectorTextField
-                          label="Field"
+                          label={tr('engine.inspector.action.fieldValueField')}
                           value={key}
                           onCommit={(v) => commitPatch(patchRows.map((row, j) => (j === i ? [v, row[1]] : row)))}
                           placeholder="status"
@@ -674,7 +712,7 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
                       </div>
                       <div className="flex-1">
                         <InspectorTextField
-                          label="Value"
+                          label={tr('engine.inspector.action.fieldValueValue')}
                           value={typeof value === 'string' ? value : JSON.stringify(value ?? '')}
                           onCommit={(v) => commitPatch(patchRows.map((row, j) => (j === i ? [row[0], v] : row)))}
                           placeholder="done"
@@ -688,7 +726,7 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
                         size="icon"
                         className="h-8 w-8 shrink-0"
                         disabled={readOnly}
-                        aria-label="Remove field value"
+                        aria-label={tr('engine.inspector.action.removeFieldValue')}
                         onClick={() => commitPatch(patchRows.filter((_, j) => j !== i))}
                       >
                         <Trash2 className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
@@ -704,25 +742,23 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
                   disabled={readOnly}
                   onClick={() => commitPatch([...patchRows, ['', '']])}
                 >
-                  <Plus className="mr-1 h-3 w-3" /> Add field value
+                  <Plus className="mr-1 h-3 w-3" /> {tr('engine.inspector.action.addFieldValue')}
                 </Button>
                 <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground/70">
-                  Written to the current record as the caller — object permissions, hooks and
-                  validations fire as for a user edit. An input collected below with the same name
-                  overrides the fixed value here.
+                  {tr('engine.inspector.action.updateHint')}
                 </div>
               </div>
             ) : (
               <>
             <InspectorSelectField
-              label="Script language"
+              label={tr('engine.inspector.action.scriptLanguage')}
               value={(typeof body.language === 'string' ? body.language : undefined) || 'expression'}
-              options={BODY_LANG_OPTS}
+              options={localizeOptions(BODY_LANG_OPTS, locale)}
               onCommit={(v) => patchBody({ language: v })}
               disabled={readOnly}
             />
             <div className="space-y-1">
-              <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Script body</Label>
+              <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{tr('engine.inspector.action.scriptBody')}</Label>
               <Textarea
                 value={typeof body.source === 'string' ? (body.source as string) : ''}
                 onChange={(e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLTextAreaElement>) => patchBody({ source: e.target.value })}
@@ -732,7 +768,9 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
                 placeholder={'// (input, ctx) => result\nreturn { ok: true }'}
                 className="text-xs font-mono"
               />
-              <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground/70">Runs in the sandbox as <code>(input, ctx) =&gt; Promise&lt;output&gt;</code>.</div>
+              <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground/70">
+                {withSlots(tr('engine.inspector.action.scriptBodyHint'), { signature: <code>(input, ctx) =&gt; Promise&lt;output&gt;</code> })}
+              </div>
             </div>
               </>
             )}
@@ -740,7 +778,7 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
         ) : (
           <>
             {type === 'api' && (
-              <InspectorSelectField label="Method" value={str('method') || 'POST'} options={METHOD_OPTS} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ method: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+              <InspectorSelectField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.method')} value={str('method') || 'POST'} options={METHOD_OPTS} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ method: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
             )}
             {targetCfg && (
               <ActionTargetField
@@ -757,29 +795,29 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
 
       {/* 3 ─ Inputs (params) */}
       <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-2">
-        <SectionHeader title="Inputs" hint="Collected from the user in a dialog before the action runs." />
+        <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.action.inputs')} hint={tr('engine.inspector.action.inputsHint')} />
         {params.length === 0 ? (
-          <p className="rounded-md border border-dashed bg-muted/30 px-3 py-2.5 text-center text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">No inputs — the action runs immediately on click.</p>
+          <p className="rounded-md border border-dashed bg-muted/30 px-3 py-2.5 text-center text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">{tr('engine.inspector.action.inputsEmpty')}</p>
         ) : (
           params.map((p, i) => (
             <div key={i} className="space-y-2 rounded-md border border-border p-2">
               <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                 <span className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">#{i + 1}</span>
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-0.5">
-                  <Button type="button" variant="ghost" size="icon" className="h-6 w-6" disabled={readOnly || i === 0} aria-label="Move up" onClick={() => onPatch({ params: moveArray(params, i, i - 1) })}>↑</Button>
-                  <Button type="button" variant="ghost" size="icon" className="h-6 w-6" disabled={readOnly || i === params.length - 1} aria-label="Move down" onClick={() => onPatch({ params: moveArray(params, i, i + 1) })}>↓</Button>
-                  <Button type="button" variant="ghost" size="icon" className="h-6 w-6" disabled={readOnly} aria-label="Remove input" onClick={() => onPatch({ params: spliceArray(params, i, null) })}><Trash2 className="h-3.5 w-3.5" /></Button>
+                  <Button type="button" variant="ghost" size="icon" className="h-6 w-6" disabled={readOnly || i === 0} aria-label={tr('engine.inspector.reorder.up')} onClick={() => onPatch({ params: moveArray(params, i, i - 1) })}>↑</Button>
+                  <Button type="button" variant="ghost" size="icon" className="h-6 w-6" disabled={readOnly || i === params.length - 1} aria-label={tr('engine.inspector.reorder.down')} onClick={() => onPatch({ params: moveArray(params, i, i + 1) })}>↓</Button>
+                  <Button type="button" variant="ghost" size="icon" className="h-6 w-6" disabled={readOnly} aria-label={tr('engine.inspector.action.removeInput')} onClick={() => onPatch({ params: spliceArray(params, i, null) })}><Trash2 className="h-3.5 w-3.5" /></Button>
                 </div>
               </div>
               {objectName ? (
-                <FieldPicker label="Bind to field" objectName={objectName} value={p.field} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { field: v || undefined })} disabled={readOnly} />
+                <FieldPicker label={tr('engine.inspector.action.bindToField')} objectName={objectName} value={p.field} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { field: v || undefined })} disabled={readOnly} />
               ) : null}
               {!p.field && (
-                <InspectorTextField label="Name" value={p.name ?? ''} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { name: v })} placeholder="request-body key" disabled={readOnly} mono />
+                <InspectorTextField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.paramName')} value={p.name ?? ''} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { name: v })} placeholder={tr('engine.inspector.action.paramNamePlaceholder')} disabled={readOnly} mono />
               )}
-              <InspectorTextField label="Label" value={localize(p.label)} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { label: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+              <InspectorTextField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.paramLabel')} value={localize(p.label)} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { label: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
               {!p.field && (
-                <InspectorSelectField label="Type" value={p.type || undefined} options={PARAM_TYPE_OPTS} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { type: asParamFieldType(v) })} disabled={readOnly} />
+                <InspectorSelectField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.paramTypeLabel')} value={p.type || undefined} options={localizeOptions(PARAM_TYPE_OPTS, locale)} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { type: asParamFieldType(v) })} disabled={readOnly} />
               )}
               {/* `select` is the one offered spelling whose runtime widget reads
                   `options` — see ParamOptionsEditor for why this is a control
@@ -789,26 +827,27 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
                   options={p.options}
                   onCommit={(next) => patchParam(i, { options: next.length > 0 ? next : undefined })}
                   disabled={readOnly}
+                  locale={locale}
                 />
               )}
-              <InspectorTextField label="Placeholder" value={p.placeholder ?? ''} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { placeholder: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+              <InspectorTextField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.paramPlaceholder')} value={p.placeholder ?? ''} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { placeholder: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
               <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-x-4 gap-y-1">
-                <InspectorCheckboxField label="Required" value={!!p.required} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { required: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
-                <InspectorCheckboxField label="Pre-fill from row" value={!!p.defaultFromRow} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { defaultFromRow: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+                <InspectorCheckboxField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.paramRequired')} value={!!p.required} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { required: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+                <InspectorCheckboxField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.paramPrefill')} value={!!p.defaultFromRow} onCommit={(v) => patchParam(i, { defaultFromRow: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
               </div>
             </div>
           ))
         )}
         {!readOnly && (
           <Button type="button" variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={() => onPatch({ params: appendArray(params, {} as ActionParam) })}>
-            <Plus className="mr-1 h-3.5 w-3.5" /> Add input
+            <Plus className="mr-1 h-3.5 w-3.5" /> {tr('engine.inspector.action.addInput')}
           </Button>
         )}
       </div>
 
       {/* 4 ─ Placement & scope */}
       <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-2">
-        <SectionHeader title="Placement" hint="Where this action surfaces in the UI." />
+        <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.action.placement')} hint={tr('engine.inspector.action.placementHint')} />
         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-1">
           {/* `list_toolbar` is not OFFERED on an update action — the spec refuses
               it there, and a placement an author can tick but not save is worse
@@ -817,7 +856,7 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
           {LOCATIONS
             .filter((loc) => !(isUpdateOperation && loc.value === UPDATE_OPERATION_REFUSED_LOCATION))
             .map((loc) => (
-              <InspectorCheckboxField key={loc.value} label={loc.label} value={locations.includes(loc.value)} onCommit={(v) => toggleLocation(loc.value, v)} disabled={readOnly} />
+              <InspectorCheckboxField key={loc.value} label={tr(loc.labelKey)} value={locations.includes(loc.value)} onCommit={(v) => toggleLocation(loc.value, v)} disabled={readOnly} />
             ))}
         </div>
         {/* [#3142] No placement = renders in no located surface. Saying so
@@ -827,8 +866,7 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
             `bulkActions` / `bulkActionDefs` instead, which is legitimate. */}
         {locations.length === 0 && (
           <div className="text-[11px] text-destructive">
-            No placement selected — this action will not appear on any record or list surface. Tick a
-            placement above, or place it from a view’s bulk actions.
+            {tr('engine.inspector.action.noPlacement')}
           </div>
         )}
         {/* [#7234] The capability gate, stated where the person configuring the
@@ -838,26 +876,24 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
             anywhere explained. See the decode block above for the ruling. */}
         {requiredPermissions.length > 0 && (
           <div className="text-[11px] text-amber-700" data-testid="action-capability-gate-note">
-            Capability-gated on{' '}
-            <span className="font-mono">{requiredPermissions.join(' + ')}</span> — every placement
-            ticked above hides this action from anyone who does not hold{' '}
-            {requiredPermissions.length > 1 ? 'all of them' : 'it'}. Not greyed out and not an
-            error: the button is simply absent, and the server refuses the invocation with a 403
-            either way.
+            {withSlots(tr('engine.inspector.action.capabilityGate'), {
+              capabilities: <span className="font-mono">{requiredPermissions.join(' + ')}</span>,
+              whom: tr(requiredPermissions.length > 1 ? 'engine.inspector.action.capabilityGateAll' : 'engine.inspector.action.capabilityGateOne'),
+            })}
             {unheldCapabilities.length > 0 && (
               <>
                 {' '}
                 <span data-testid="action-capability-gate-self">
-                  This session does not hold{' '}
-                  <span className="font-mono">{unheldCapabilities.join(' + ')}</span>, so the button
-                  is hidden from you too — grant it through a permission set to see it in the app.
+                  {withSlots(tr('engine.inspector.action.capabilityGateSelf'), {
+                    capabilities: <span className="font-mono">{unheldCapabilities.join(' + ')}</span>,
+                  })}
                 </span>
               </>
             )}
           </div>
         )}
         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2 pt-1">
-          <InspectorSelectField label="Component" value={str('component') || undefined} options={COMPONENT_OPTS} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ component: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+          <InspectorSelectField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.component')} value={str('component') || undefined} options={localizeOptions(COMPONENT_OPTS, locale)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ component: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
         </div>
         {/* No "Bulk" checkbox here: `action.bulkEnabled` is a spec-17
             tombstone (see RETIRED_FIELDS). Selection placement is declared on
@@ -866,25 +902,25 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
 
       {/* 5 ─ Feedback */}
       <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-2">
-        <SectionHeader title="Feedback" hint="Confirmation and post-run messaging." />
-        <InspectorTextField label="Confirm prompt" value={localize(draft.confirmText)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ confirmText: v })} placeholder="Ask before running (leave blank to skip)" disabled={readOnly} />
-        <InspectorTextField label="Success message" value={localize(draft.successMessage)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ successMessage: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
-        <InspectorTextField label="Error message" value={localize(draft.errorMessage)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ errorMessage: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+        <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.action.feedback')} hint={tr('engine.inspector.action.feedbackHint')} />
+        <InspectorTextField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.confirmText')} value={localize(draft.confirmText)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ confirmText: v })} placeholder={tr('engine.inspector.action.confirmTextPlaceholder')} disabled={readOnly} />
+        <InspectorTextField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.successMessage')} value={localize(draft.successMessage)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ successMessage: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+        <InspectorTextField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.errorMessage')} value={localize(draft.errorMessage)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ errorMessage: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
         {/* No "Shortcut" field beside Mode: `action.shortcut` is a spec-17
             tombstone (see RETIRED_FIELDS) — nothing ever read it, and
             authoring it now fails the parse. */}
         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2">
-          <InspectorSelectField label="Mode" value={str('mode') || undefined} options={MODE_OPTS} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ mode: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+          <InspectorSelectField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.mode')} value={str('mode') || undefined} options={localizeOptions(MODE_OPTS, locale)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ mode: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
         </div>
         <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-x-4 gap-y-1">
-          <InspectorCheckboxField label="Refresh view after" value={!!draft.refreshAfter} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ refreshAfter: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
-          <InspectorCheckboxField label="Offer undo" value={!!draft.undoable} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ undoable: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+          <InspectorCheckboxField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.refreshAfter')} value={!!draft.refreshAfter} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ refreshAfter: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+          <InspectorCheckboxField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.undoable')} value={!!draft.undoable} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ undoable: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
         </div>
       </div>
 
       {/* 6 ─ Conditions */}
       <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-3">
-        <SectionHeader title="Conditions" hint="No-code predicates over the record / user / ctx (compiled to CEL)." />
+        <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.action.conditions')} hint={tr('engine.inspector.action.conditionsHint')} />
         {/* Both are `ExpressionInputSchema` in the spec (`disabled` as
             `boolean | ExpressionInput`), so a persisted action carries the
             ADR-0089 envelope — same read/write pair as the hook guard (#3218). */}
@@ -910,27 +946,27 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
             from a reading taken at that evaluator. Declared here rather than
             defaulted, for the reason `RECORD_CONDITION_ROOTS` gives: the
             component cannot see which host is on the other end. */}
-        <ConditionBuilder label="Visible when" value={expressionSource(draft.visible)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ visible: writeExpressionSource(draft.visible, v) })} objectName={objectName} disabled={readOnly} scope="record" roots={CLIENT_CONDITION_ROOTS} onBlockingIssuesChange={(n) => reportCel('visible', n)} />
-        <ConditionBuilder label="Disabled when" value={expressionSource(draft.disabled)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ disabled: writeExpressionSource(draft.disabled, v) })} objectName={objectName} disabled={readOnly} scope="record" roots={CLIENT_CONDITION_ROOTS} onBlockingIssuesChange={(n) => reportCel('disabled', n)} />
+        <ConditionBuilder label={tr('engine.inspector.action.visibleWhen')} value={expressionSource(draft.visible)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ visible: writeExpressionSource(draft.visible, v) })} objectName={objectName} disabled={readOnly} scope="record" roots={CLIENT_CONDITION_ROOTS} onBlockingIssuesChange={(n) => reportCel('visible', n)} />
+        <ConditionBuilder label={tr('engine.inspector.action.disabledWhen')} value={expressionSource(draft.disabled)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ disabled: writeExpressionSource(draft.disabled, v) })} objectName={objectName} disabled={readOnly} scope="record" roots={CLIENT_CONDITION_ROOTS} onBlockingIssuesChange={(n) => reportCel('disabled', n)} />
       </div>
 
       {/* 7 ─ AI exposure */}
       <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-2">
-        <SectionHeader title="AI exposure" hint="Opt-in: expose this action to AI agents as a callable tool." />
-        <InspectorCheckboxField label="Expose to AI agents" value={aiExposed} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ aiExposed: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+        <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.action.ai')} hint={tr('engine.inspector.action.aiHint')} />
+        <InspectorCheckboxField label={tr('engine.inspector.action.aiExposed')} value={aiExposed} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ aiExposed: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
         {aiExposed ? (
           <div className="space-y-1">
-            <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Tool description (required, ≥40 chars)</Label>
+            <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{tr('engine.inspector.action.aiDescription')}</Label>
             <Textarea
               value={aiDescription}
               onChange={(e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLTextAreaElement>) => onPatch({ aiDescription: e.target.value })}
               disabled={readOnly}
               rows={3}
-              placeholder="When and why an agent should call this action…"
+              placeholder={tr('engine.inspector.action.aiDescriptionPlaceholder')}
               className="text-xs"
             />
             {aiDescription.length < 40 && (
-              <div className="text-[11px] text-destructive">A ≥40-character description is required while exposed.</div>
+              <div className="text-[11px] text-destructive">{tr('engine.inspector.action.aiDescriptionTooShort')}</div>
             )}
           </div>
         ) : null}
@@ -939,7 +975,7 @@ export function ActionDefaultInspector({
       {/* Advanced — everything not curated above, from the live schema */}
       {fallbackSchema && (
         <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-1.5">
-          <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.moreFields')} hint="Advanced / rarely-used properties." />
+          <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.moreFields')} hint={tr('engine.inspector.action.moreFieldsHint')} />
           <SchemaForm
             schema={fallbackSchema}
             value={draft}
diff --git a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/HookDefaultInspector.tsx b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/HookDefaultInspector.tsx
index 6f96a68592..b8f94fe8c7 100644
--- a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/HookDefaultInspector.tsx
+++ b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/HookDefaultInspector.tsx
@@ -44,9 +44,11 @@ import { expressionSource, writeExpressionSource } from './expression-envelope.j
 
 /* ─────────────── constants ─────────────── */
 
+/** Body languages: the stored value, and the catalogue key its label reads in
+ *  the designer locale (objectui#10586). */
 const BODY_LANG_OPTS = [
-  { value: 'expression', label: 'Expression (L1)' },
-  { value: 'js', label: 'Sandboxed JS (L2)' },
+  { value: 'expression', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.hook.bodyLang.expression' },
+  { value: 'js', labelKey: 'engine.inspector.hook.bodyLang.js' },
 ];
 
 /** Lifecycle events, grouped by the operation they hang off. */
@@ -210,14 +212,14 @@ export function HookDefaultInspector({
       hideClose
     >
       {/* 1 ─ Basics */}
-      <SectionHeader title="Basics" />
-      <InspectorTextField label="Label" value={localize(draft.label)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ label: v || undefined })} placeholder="Human-readable name" disabled={readOnly} />
-      <InspectorTextField label="Name" value={str('name')} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ name: v })} placeholder="snake_case identifier" disabled={readOnly} mono testId="hook-name" />
+      <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.hook.basics')} />
+      <InspectorTextField label={tr('engine.inspector.hook.label')} value={localize(draft.label)} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ label: v || undefined })} placeholder={tr('engine.inspector.hook.labelPlaceholder')} disabled={readOnly} />
+      <InspectorTextField label={tr('engine.inspector.hook.name')} value={str('name')} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ name: v })} placeholder={tr('engine.inspector.hook.namePlaceholder')} disabled={readOnly} mono testId="hook-name" />
 
       <div className="space-y-1.5" data-testid="hook-object-picker">
-        <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Object(s) this hook fires on</Label>
+        <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{tr('engine.inspector.hook.objects')}</Label>
         <InspectorCheckboxField
-          label="All objects (*)"
+          label={tr('engine.inspector.hook.allObjects')}
           value={allObjects}
           onCommit={(on) => onPatch({ object: on ? ALL_OBJECTS : writeObjects(false, objectNames) })}
           disabled={readOnly}
@@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ export function HookDefaultInspector({
             {pickerOptions.length === 0 ? (
               <p className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
                 {rosterAnswered
-                  ? 'No objects found — publish an object, then pick it here.'
+                  ? tr('engine.inspector.hook.noObjects')
                   : tr('engine.form.loadingOptions')}
               </p>
             ) : (
@@ -269,42 +271,42 @@ export function HookDefaultInspector({
           </p>
         )}
         {!allObjects && objectNames.length === 0 && (
-          <p className="text-[11px] text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400">Pick at least one object (or All objects).</p>
+          <p className="text-[11px] text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400">{tr('engine.inspector.hook.pickObject')}</p>
         )}
       </div>
 
       {/* 2 ─ Events */}
       <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-2">
-        <SectionHeader title="Events" hint="Which lifecycle events invoke this hook." />
-        <div className="text-[11px] font-medium text-muted-foreground/80">Write</div>
+        <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.hook.events')} hint={tr('engine.inspector.hook.eventsHint')} />
+        <div className="text-[11px] font-medium text-muted-foreground/80">{tr('engine.inspector.hook.eventsWrite')}</div>
         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-3 gap-y-1">
           {WRITE_EVENTS.map((ev) => (
             <InspectorCheckboxField key={ev} label={ev} value={events.includes(ev)} onCommit={(on) => toggleEvent(ev, on)} disabled={readOnly} />
           ))}
         </div>
-        <div className="pt-1 text-[11px] font-medium text-muted-foreground/80">Query</div>
+        <div className="pt-1 text-[11px] font-medium text-muted-foreground/80">{tr('engine.inspector.hook.eventsQuery')}</div>
         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-3 gap-y-1">
           {QUERY_EVENTS.map((ev) => (
             <InspectorCheckboxField key={ev} label={ev} value={events.includes(ev)} onCommit={(on) => toggleEvent(ev, on)} disabled={readOnly} />
           ))}
         </div>
         {events.length === 0 && (
-          <p className="text-[11px] text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400">Select at least one event.</p>
+          <p className="text-[11px] text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400">{tr('engine.inspector.hook.pickEvent')}</p>
         )}
       </div>
 
       {/* 3 ─ Function */}
       <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-3">
-        <SectionHeader title="Function" hint="The handler that runs when the hook fires." />
+        <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.hook.function')} hint={tr('engine.inspector.hook.functionHint')} />
         <InspectorSelectField
-          label="Language"
+          label={tr('engine.inspector.hook.language')}
           value={language}
-          options={BODY_LANG_OPTS}
+          options={BODY_LANG_OPTS.map((o) => ({ value: o.value, label: tr(o.labelKey) }))}
           onCommit={(v) => patchBody({ language: v })}
           disabled={readOnly}
         />
         <div className="space-y-1">
-          <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Handler body</Label>
+          <Label className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{tr('engine.inspector.hook.handlerBody')}</Label>
           <Textarea
             data-testid="hook-body-source"
             value={typeof body.source === 'string' ? (body.source as string) : ''}
@@ -317,19 +319,19 @@ export function HookDefaultInspector({
           />
           <div className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground/70">
             {language === 'expression'
-              ? 'A single L1 expression evaluated against the record / ctx.'
-              : 'Runs in the sandbox as (ctx) => Promise<void>.'}
+              ? tr('engine.inspector.hook.bodyHint.expression')
+              : tr('engine.inspector.hook.bodyHint.js')}
           </div>
         </div>
       </div>
 
       {/* 4 ─ Options */}
       <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-3">
-        <SectionHeader title="Options" />
+        <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.hook.options')} />
         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
-          <InspectorNumberField label="Priority" value={typeof draft.priority === 'number' ? (draft.priority as number) : undefined} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ priority: v })} placeholder="100" disabled={readOnly} />
+          <InspectorNumberField label={tr('engine.inspector.hook.priority')} value={typeof draft.priority === 'number' ? (draft.priority as number) : undefined} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ priority: v })} placeholder="100" disabled={readOnly} />
           <div className="flex items-end pb-1.5">
-            <InspectorCheckboxField label="Run asynchronously (after commit)" value={draft.async === true} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ async: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
+            <InspectorCheckboxField label={tr('engine.inspector.hook.async')} value={draft.async === true} onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ async: v })} disabled={readOnly} />
           </div>
         </div>
         {/* `HookSchema.condition` is `ExpressionInputSchema`: a persisted hook
@@ -363,7 +365,7 @@ export function HookDefaultInspector({
             `record`", so a later narrowing of the root list cannot take it away
             in silence. */}
         <ConditionBuilder
-          label="Run only when (optional CEL)"
+          label={tr('engine.inspector.hook.condition')}
           value={expressionSource(draft.condition)}
           onCommit={(v) => onPatch({ condition: writeExpressionSource(draft.condition, v) })}
           objectName={conditionObject}
@@ -385,7 +387,7 @@ export function HookDefaultInspector({
       {/* Advanced — everything not curated above, from the live schema */}
       {fallbackSchema && (
         <div className="border-t pt-3 space-y-1.5">
-          <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.moreFields')} hint="Advanced / rarely-used properties." />
+          <SectionHeader title={tr('engine.inspector.moreFields')} hint={tr('engine.inspector.hook.moreFieldsHint')} />
           <SchemaForm
             schema={fallbackSchema}
             value={draft}
diff --git a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/InspectorComboField.tsx b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/InspectorComboField.tsx
index 897e19305e..f107dae2f3 100644
--- a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/InspectorComboField.tsx
+++ b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/InspectorComboField.tsx
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ import {
   PopoverContent,
   PopoverTrigger,
 } from '@object-ui/components';
+import { t, useMetadataLocale } from '../i18n.js';
 
 export interface InspectorComboOption {
   value: string;
@@ -84,6 +85,14 @@ export interface InspectorComboOption {
  * `useId()` cannot be authored into a collision. The `id` variant re-opens that
  * door by necessity — the caller must already own the id to have written the
  * `for` — so reach for it only when an external label is genuinely in charge.
+ *
+ * ## Words (objectui#10586)
+ *
+ * The combo's own words — the trigger's placeholder and loading text, the
+ * search box, the empty state and the "Use «text»" row — read in the designer's
+ * active locale through `useMetadataLocale()`, as {@link InspectorSelectField}'s
+ * default flag does. A caller that passes its own `placeholder`,
+ * `searchPlaceholder` or `emptyText` keeps it.
  */
 export type InspectorComboFieldNaming =
   | { label: string; ariaLabel?: never; id?: never }
@@ -124,9 +133,9 @@ export function InspectorComboField({
   value,
   onCommit,
   options,
-  placeholder = 'Select…',
-  searchPlaceholder = 'Search or type…',
-  emptyText = 'No match — keep typing to use a custom value.',
+  placeholder: placeholderProp,
+  searchPlaceholder: searchPlaceholderProp,
+  emptyText: emptyTextProp,
   disabled,
   loading,
   allowCustom = true,
@@ -135,6 +144,10 @@ export function InspectorComboField({
 }: InspectorComboFieldProps) {
   const [open, setOpen] = React.useState(false);
   const [search, setSearch] = React.useState('');
+  const locale = useMetadataLocale();
+  const placeholder = placeholderProp ?? t('engine.form.selectEllipsis', locale);
+  const searchPlaceholder = searchPlaceholderProp ?? t('engine.inspector.combo.search', locale);
+  const emptyText = emptyTextProp ?? t('engine.inspector.combo.noMatch', locale);
 
   // The id goes on the trigger `Button`, never on `Popover`: Radix's
   // `Popover.Root` is a context provider that renders no DOM element of its own,
@@ -151,7 +164,7 @@ export function InspectorComboField({
   const triggerId = label ? autoId : id;
 
   const selected = options.find((o) => o.value === value);
-  const triggerText = selected ? selected.label : value || (loading ? 'Loading…' : placeholder);
+  const triggerText = selected ? selected.label : value || (loading ? t('engine.inspector.combo.loading', locale) : placeholder);
 
   const filtered = React.useMemo(() => options.filter((o) => matches(o, search)), [options, search]);
   const groups = React.useMemo(() => {
@@ -171,6 +184,8 @@ export function InspectorComboField({
   const trimmed = search.trim();
   const showCustom =
     allowCustom && !!trimmed && !options.some((o) => o.value === trimmed);
+  // The custom row's sentence is the locale's; the typed text is a slot in it.
+  const [customLead, customTail = ''] = t('engine.inspector.combo.useCustom', locale).split('{value}');
 
   const commit = (v: string) => {
     onCommit(v);
@@ -215,7 +230,7 @@ export function InspectorComboField({
               <CommandGroup>
                 <CommandItem value={`__custom__${trimmed}`} onSelect={() => commit(trimmed)}>
                   <span className="truncate">
-                    Use <span className="font-mono">“{trimmed}”</span>
+                    {customLead}<span className="font-mono">“{trimmed}”</span>{customTail}
                   </span>
                 </CommandItem>
               </CommandGroup>
diff --git a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/_shared.tsx b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/_shared.tsx
index 3a130f4ca3..0d7d71e3fc 100644
--- a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/_shared.tsx
+++ b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/_shared.tsx
@@ -16,13 +16,15 @@
  * splice + `onPatch({...})`. Locale-aware via the `useT` hook the
  * caller already has in scope — the shared shell takes raw strings.
  *
- * One exception, and it is a DEFAULT rather than a label a caller hands in:
- * the flag {@link InspectorSelectField} puts on a stored value its roster does
- * not offer. Wherever a call site passes none, the default is what a zh-CN
- * author reads, so it resolves through `useMetadataLocale()` — the hook the
- * designer's other shared editors (`widgets.tsx`, `SchemaForm`,
- * `ConditionBuilder`) already read when no `locale` prop reaches them
- * (objectui#9652).
+ * The exceptions are DEFAULTS rather than labels a caller hands in: the flag
+ * {@link InspectorSelectField} puts on a stored value its roster does not
+ * offer (objectui#9652), and the wording a caller may omit — the shell's close
+ * label, the reorder pair's names and the roster-failure notice
+ * (objectui#10586). Wherever a call site passes none, the default is what a
+ * zh-CN author reads, so it resolves through `useMetadataLocale()` — the hook
+ * the designer's other shared editors (`widgets.tsx`, `SchemaForm`,
+ * `ConditionBuilder`) already read when no `locale` prop reaches them. A label
+ * the caller passes always wins.
  */
 
 import * as React from 'react';
@@ -38,6 +40,7 @@ export interface InspectorShellProps {
   kindLabel: string;
   title: string;
   onClose: () => void;
+  /** The close button's accessible name; omitted, `engine.close` in the designer locale. */
   closeLabel?: string;
   children: React.ReactNode;
   footer?: React.ReactNode;
@@ -54,7 +57,9 @@ export interface InspectorShellProps {
   hideClose?: boolean;
 }
 
-export function InspectorShell({ kindLabel, title, onClose, closeLabel = 'Close', children, footer, headerActions, hideClose }: InspectorShellProps) {
+export function InspectorShell({ kindLabel, title, onClose, closeLabel: closeLabelProp, children, footer, headerActions, hideClose }: InspectorShellProps) {
+  const locale = useMetadataLocale();
+  const closeLabel = closeLabelProp ?? t('engine.close', locale);
   return (
     <div className="flex h-full flex-col">
       <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-2 border-b px-4 py-2.5">
@@ -86,7 +91,7 @@ export interface InspectorReorderButtonsProps {
   total: number;
   /** Called with the new index when the user clicks ↑ or ↓. */
   onMove: (toIndex: number) => void;
-  /** Localized aria-labels (e.g. tr('engine.inspector.reorder.up', locale)). */
+  /** Localized aria-labels; omitted, `engine.inspector.reorder.up` / `.down` in the designer locale. */
   upLabel?: string;
   downLabel?: string;
   /** Disable both buttons (read-only inspectors). */
@@ -102,11 +107,15 @@ export function InspectorReorderButtons({
   index,
   total,
   onMove,
-  upLabel = 'Move up',
-  downLabel = 'Move down',
+  upLabel: upLabelProp,
+  downLabel: downLabelProp,
   disabled,
 }: InspectorReorderButtonsProps) {
+  // Read before the early return: a hook's call order may not depend on props.
+  const locale = useMetadataLocale();
   if (total <= 1 || index < 0) return null;
+  const upLabel = upLabelProp ?? t('engine.inspector.reorder.up', locale);
+  const downLabel = downLabelProp ?? t('engine.inspector.reorder.down', locale);
   const canUp = !disabled && index > 0;
   const canDown = !disabled && index < total - 1;
   return (
@@ -308,13 +317,13 @@ export function rosterFrom(source: {
 }
 
 /**
- * Default wording for the notice {@link InspectorSelectField} renders when its
- * roster failed to load. Raw English, like `placeholder`'s `'—'` default. A
- * call site that passes a `roster` passes its own `rosterFailureLabel` too —
- * the repo already has this exact copy localized, as the shared picker-failure
- * title objectui#5170 landed for the widget family.
+ * Catalogue key of the default wording for the notice
+ * {@link InspectorSelectField} renders when its roster failed to load: the
+ * shared picker-failure title objectui#5170 landed for the widget family, read
+ * in the designer's locale (objectui#10586). A call site that passes its own
+ * `rosterFailureLabel` keeps it.
  */
-const defaultRosterFailureLabel = 'Options could not be loaded';
+const DEFAULT_ROSTER_FAILURE_LABEL_KEY = 'engine.form.optionsLoadFailedTitle';
 
 /**
  * The label of the row {@link InspectorSelectField} synthesises for a stored
@@ -343,7 +352,7 @@ export function InspectorSelectField({
   placeholder = '—',
   unknownValueLabel: unknownValueLabelProp,
   roster,
-  rosterFailureLabel = defaultRosterFailureLabel,
+  rosterFailureLabel: rosterFailureLabelProp,
   disabled,
 }: {
   label: string;
@@ -381,7 +390,7 @@ export function InspectorSelectField({
   /**
    * Wording for the notice shown when `roster` reports a failure. The CAUSE is
    * rendered from the state's own message; this is the sentence in front of it.
-   * Defaults to raw English — pass `t('engine.form.optionsLoadFailedTitle', locale)`.
+   * Defaults to `engine.form.optionsLoadFailedTitle` in the designer's locale.
    */
   rosterFailureLabel?: string;
   disabled?: boolean;
@@ -404,6 +413,7 @@ export function InspectorSelectField({
   // `VALUE (not found)` on an otherwise Chinese inspector. It resolves through
   // the designer's own catalogue now, in the locale the designer is showing.
   const locale = useMetadataLocale();
+  const rosterFailureLabel = rosterFailureLabelProp ?? t(DEFAULT_ROSTER_FAILURE_LABEL_KEY, locale);
   const unknownValueLabel =
     unknownValueLabelProp ??
     ((v: string) => flagUnknownValue(v, t('engine.form.notFound', locale), locale));
diff --git a/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/inspectorStrings.hookAction.i18n-10586.test.tsx b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/inspectorStrings.hookAction.i18n-10586.test.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..53f7f1afde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/app-shell/src/views/metadata-admin/inspectors/inspectorStrings.hookAction.i18n-10586.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,615 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+/**
+ * objectui#10586 (PR 2 of 2) — the hook and action inspectors, and the shared
+ * inspector atoms' own defaults, render their words in the designer's locale.
+ *
+ * `HookDefaultInspector` and `ActionDefaultInspector` drew their section
+ * titles, field labels, placeholders, hints, option labels and accessible
+ * names as English literals, and `InspectorComboField` / `_shared.tsx` fell
+ * back to English defaults wherever a caller passed none. So a zh-CN author
+ * read English inside an otherwise Chinese designer. The inspectors now read
+ * the designer catalogue (`../i18n`) under `engine.inspector.hook.*` and
+ * `engine.inspector.action.*`; the atoms resolve their defaults through
+ * `useMetadataLocale()`, the channel `InspectorSelectField`'s default flag
+ * already reads (objectui#9652).
+ *
+ * ── The probe ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+ * `surface()` collects every string an author can read off the rendered tree:
+ * each element's whole text, each text node, and every `aria-label`, `title`
+ * and `placeholder`. Membership is EXACT, so a short word (`Name`, `Type`)
+ * cannot pass by occurring inside some unrelated sentence.
+ *
+ * ── Why each fixture is read twice ───────────────────────────────────────────
+ * Every list below is the pre-fix English the fixtures render. Under `en` each
+ * entry must be present, which proves the fixture really reaches that branch
+ * and that the English wording did not move; under `zh` none may be, which is
+ * the defect. The zh half alone could pass on a fixture that renders nothing,
+ * so it is only meaningful beside the en half, plus named zh samples read back
+ * from the catalogue.
+ *
+ * ── Hosts of the shared defaults ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+ * Each default is read through a real host where one reaches it:
+ * `AppNavInspector`'s object picker passes no `placeholder` /
+ * `searchPlaceholder` / `emptyText`, and `ObjectFieldInspector`'s header passes
+ * no reorder labels. No in-tree host reaches the shell's close label or the
+ * roster-failure notice (every caller passes its own or hides the button), so
+ * those two are read off the primitive itself.
+ *
+ * ── Lit controls ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+ * The same probe sees a translation that was already there before this change,
+ * once per locale channel: `ObjectDefaultInspector` through the host's
+ * `locale` prop (the channel both inspectors read), and
+ * `InspectorSelectField`'s default flag through `useMetadataLocale()` (the
+ * channel the atoms read).
+ */
+
+import * as React from 'react';
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, afterEach } from 'vitest';
+import { render, cleanup, fireEvent, act } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { I18nProvider } from '@object-ui/i18n';
+
+const state = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+  objectOptions: {
+    options: [] as Array<{ value: string; label: string }>,
+    loading: false,
+    error: null as string | null,
+  },
+  fields: [] as Array<{ name: string; label?: string; type?: string }>,
+  held: undefined as string[] | undefined,
+  // STABLE identity, like the real memoized client — a fresh object per render
+  // would setState → re-render → setState forever. Fixtures swap `list`.
+  metadataClient: {
+    get: async () => undefined,
+    list: async (): Promise<unknown[]> => [],
+    listDrafts: async (): Promise<unknown[]> => [],
+  },
+}));
+
+vi.mock('../previews/useObjectOptions', () => ({
+  useObjectOptions: () => state.objectOptions,
+}));
+vi.mock('../previews/useObjectFields', () => ({
+  useObjectFields: () => ({ fields: state.fields, loading: false, error: null }),
+}));
+vi.mock('../previews/useMetaOptions', () => ({
+  useMetaOptions: () => ({ options: [], loading: false }),
+}));
+vi.mock('../useMetadata', () => ({
+  useMetadataClient: () => state.metadataClient,
+}));
+vi.mock('@object-ui/permissions', async (importOriginal) => ({
+  ...(await importOriginal<Record<string, unknown>>()),
+  usePermissions: () => ({ systemPermissions: state.held }),
+}));
+
+import { t } from '../i18n';
+import { HookDefaultInspector } from './HookDefaultInspector';
+import { ActionDefaultInspector } from './ActionDefaultInspector';
+import { AppNavInspector } from './AppNavInspector';
+import { ObjectFieldInspector } from './ObjectFieldInspector';
+import { ObjectDefaultInspector } from './ObjectDefaultInspector';
+import { InspectorShell, InspectorSelectField, flagUnknownValue } from './_shared';
+import { InspectorComboField } from './InspectorComboField';
+
+/** Each fixture starts from the same catalog, fields and held set. */
+function resetState() {
+  state.objectOptions = { options: [], loading: false, error: null };
+  state.fields = [];
+  state.held = undefined;
+  state.metadataClient.list = async () => [];
+}
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  cleanup();
+  resetState();
+});
+
+type Lang = 'en' | 'zh';
+const LOCALE = { en: 'en-US', zh: 'zh-CN' } as const;
+
+/** Every string an author can read off the rendered document. */
+function surface(): Set<string> {
+  const out = new Set<string>();
+  const walker = document.createTreeWalker(document.body, NodeFilter.SHOW_ELEMENT | NodeFilter.SHOW_TEXT);
+  for (let n = walker.nextNode(); n; n = walker.nextNode()) {
+    if (n.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE) {
+      const v = n.nodeValue?.trim();
+      if (v) out.add(v);
+      continue;
+    }
+    const el = n as Element;
+    const text = el.textContent?.trim();
+    if (text) out.add(text);
+    for (const attr of ['aria-label', 'title', 'placeholder']) {
+      const v = el.getAttribute(attr);
+      if (v) out.add(v);
+    }
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+function inLang(lang: Lang, ui: React.ReactElement) {
+  return render(
+    <I18nProvider config={{ defaultLanguage: lang, detectBrowserLanguage: false }}>{ui}</I18nProvider>,
+  );
+}
+
+/** Let mount-time effects and resolved fetches settle. */
+async function flush() {
+  await act(async () => {
+    await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 0));
+  });
+}
+
+type Fixture = (lang: Lang) => Promise<void> | void;
+
+/** Render each fixture in `lang` and union what the author can read. */
+async function readAll(lang: Lang, fixtures: readonly Fixture[]): Promise<Set<string>> {
+  const all = new Set<string>();
+  for (const fixture of fixtures) {
+    resetState();
+    await fixture(lang);
+    for (const s of surface()) all.add(s);
+    cleanup();
+  }
+  return all;
+}
+
+/** A zh catalogue row that is really there: not the echoed key, not the en row. */
+function zhRow(key: string): string {
+  const zh = t(key, 'zh-CN');
+  expect(zh, `${key}: a missing zh row echoes the key back`).not.toBe(key);
+  expect(zh, `${key}: the zh row must not be the en one`).not.toBe(t(key, 'en-US'));
+  return zh;
+}
+
+function expectAll(seen: Set<string>, literals: readonly string[]) {
+  const missing = literals.filter((l) => !seen.has(l));
+  expect(missing, 'en: pre-fix wording the fixture no longer renders').toEqual([]);
+}
+
+function expectNone(seen: Set<string>, literals: readonly string[]) {
+  const leaked = literals.filter((l) => seen.has(l));
+  expect(leaked, 'zh: English still rendered').toEqual([]);
+}
+
+// ─── HookDefaultInspector ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+const SCHEMA = { type: 'object', properties: {} };
+
+function mountHook(lang: Lang, draft: Record<string, unknown>) {
+  inLang(lang, (
+    <HookDefaultInspector
+      type="hook"
+      name={String(draft.name)}
+      draft={draft}
+      onPatch={() => {}}
+      readOnly={false}
+      locale={LOCALE[lang]}
+      serverSchema={SCHEMA}
+    />
+  ));
+}
+
+const HOOK_FIXTURES: readonly Fixture[] = [
+  // An answered, empty roster; nothing picked; the expression body.
+  (lang) => mountHook(lang, { name: 'h1', events: [], body: { language: 'expression' } }),
+  // An answered roster with the object picked; an event; the JS body.
+  (lang) => {
+    state.objectOptions = { options: [{ value: 'account', label: 'Account' }], loading: false, error: null };
+    mountHook(lang, { name: 'h2', object: 'account', events: ['beforeInsert'], body: { language: 'js' }, async: true, priority: 5 });
+  },
+];
+
+/** The pre-fix English the hook fixtures render. */
+const HOOK_EN = [
+  'Basics',
+  'Label',
+  'Human-readable name',
+  'Name',
+  'snake_case identifier',
+  'Object(s) this hook fires on',
+  'All objects (*)',
+  'No objects found — publish an object, then pick it here.',
+  'Pick at least one object (or All objects).',
+  'Events',
+  'Which lifecycle events invoke this hook.',
+  'Write',
+  'Query',
+  'Select at least one event.',
+  'Function',
+  'The handler that runs when the hook fires.',
+  'Language',
+  'Expression (L1)',
+  'Sandboxed JS (L2)',
+  'Handler body',
+  'A single L1 expression evaluated against the record / ctx.',
+  'Runs in the sandbox as (ctx) => Promise<void>.',
+  'Options',
+  'Priority',
+  'Run asynchronously (after commit)',
+  'Run only when (optional CEL)',
+  'Advanced / rarely-used properties.',
+] as const;
+
+describe('HookDefaultInspector reads its words in the designer locale (objectui#10586)', () => {
+  it('zh: none of the pre-fix English renders, and named samples are the catalogue rows', async () => {
+    const seen = await readAll('zh', HOOK_FIXTURES);
+    expectNone(seen, HOOK_EN);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.hook.basics'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.hook.noObjects'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.hook.bodyLang.js'))).toBe(true);
+    // Lifecycle event names are identifiers, deliberately the same in every locale.
+    expect(seen.has('beforeInsert')).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('en: every pre-fix string still renders, word for word', async () => {
+    expectAll(await readAll('en', HOOK_FIXTURES), HOOK_EN);
+  });
+});
+
+// ─── ActionDefaultInspector ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function mountAction(lang: Lang, draft: Record<string, unknown>) {
+  inLang(lang, (
+    <ActionDefaultInspector
+      type="action"
+      name={String(draft.name)}
+      draft={draft}
+      onPatch={() => {}}
+      readOnly={false}
+      locale={LOCALE[lang]}
+      serverSchema={SCHEMA}
+    />
+  ));
+}
+
+/** Every offered param type but `select`, which two params below carry. */
+const PARAM_TYPES_BUT_SELECT = ['text', 'textarea', 'number', 'boolean', 'date', 'datetime', 'lookup'].map((type, i) => ({ name: `p${i}`, type }));
+
+const ACTION_FIXTURES: readonly Fixture[] = [
+  // A global script action: no object catalog, every param type, a select
+  // param with and without options, no placement, a capability the session
+  // lacks, and a too-short AI description.
+  (lang) => {
+    state.held = ['x.y'];
+    mountAction(lang, {
+      name: 'a1', label: 'A1', type: 'script', variant: 'primary', component: 'action:button', mode: 'create',
+      body: { language: 'expression' },
+      params: [
+        ...PARAM_TYPES_BUT_SELECT,
+        { name: 's0', type: 'select' },
+        { name: 's1', type: 'select', options: [{ label: 'One', value: 'one' }] },
+      ],
+      locations: [],
+      requiredPermissions: ['a.b'],
+      aiExposed: true,
+      aiDescription: 'short',
+    });
+  },
+  // An API action against an object catalog with none picked, gated on two
+  // capabilities the session holds.
+  (lang) => {
+    state.objectOptions = { options: [{ value: 'account', label: 'Account' }], loading: false, error: null };
+    state.held = ['a.b', 'c.d'];
+    mountAction(lang, {
+      name: 'a2', type: 'api', method: 'PATCH', variant: 'secondary', component: 'action:icon', mode: 'edit',
+      locations: ['record_header'], requiredPermissions: ['a.b', 'c.d'],
+    });
+  },
+  // A bound flow action with a field-backed input.
+  (lang) => {
+    state.fields = [{ name: 'amount', label: 'Amount' }];
+    mountAction(lang, {
+      name: 'a3', type: 'flow', objectName: 'account', variant: 'danger', component: 'action:menu', mode: 'delete',
+      params: [{ field: 'amount' }], locations: ['list_item'],
+    });
+  },
+  (lang) => mountAction(lang, { name: 'a4', type: 'modal', variant: 'ghost', component: 'action:group', mode: 'custom', locations: ['record_more'] }),
+  (lang) => mountAction(lang, { name: 'a5', type: 'form', variant: 'link', locations: ['record_more'] }),
+  (lang) => mountAction(lang, { name: 'a6', type: 'url', locations: ['record_more'] }),
+  (lang) => mountAction(lang, { name: 'a7', type: 'script', body: { language: 'js' }, locations: ['record_more'] }),
+  // The declarative single-record write, empty and with one row.
+  (lang) => mountAction(lang, { name: 'a8', type: 'script', operation: 'update', patch: {}, locations: ['record_more'] }),
+  (lang) => mountAction(lang, { name: 'a9', type: 'script', operation: 'update', patch: { status: 'done' }, locations: ['record_more'] }),
+];
+
+/** The pre-fix English the action fixtures render. */
+const ACTION_EN = [
+  // Basics
+  'Basics',
+  'Label',
+  'Button text shown to users',
+  'Name',
+  'snake_case identifier',
+  'Object',
+  'snake_case object',
+  '— None (global) —',
+  'Bound action — surfaces in this object’s views per the placement below.',
+  'Empty = global action — must be referenced by a page’s quick actions, global nav, a flow, or AI to appear.',
+  'Icon',
+  'Variant',
+  // Behavior
+  'Behavior',
+  'What happens when the action is triggered.',
+  'Type',
+  'Pinned to script: the field write is performed on the platform action route, which is this type’s own route. Any other type is refused beside it.',
+  'What it does',
+  'Field values',
+  'No field values yet — add one, or collect the value as an input below.',
+  'Field',
+  'Value',
+  'Remove field value',
+  'Add field value',
+  'Written to the current record as the caller — object permissions, hooks and validations fire as for a user edit. An input collected below with the same name overrides the fixed value here.',
+  'Script language',
+  'Script body',
+  'Runs in the sandbox as (input, ctx) => Promise<output>.',
+  'Method',
+  'URL *',
+  'https://… or /path?x=${param.x}',
+  'Supports ${param.x} and ${ctx.x} interpolation.',
+  'Flow name *',
+  'snake_case flow',
+  'The flow to invoke when clicked.',
+  'Modal / page name *',
+  'snake_case page',
+  'The modal or page to open.',
+  'Form view name *',
+  'Opens /console/forms/<name>.',
+  'API endpoint *',
+  'Endpoint called with the request body below.',
+  // Inputs
+  'Inputs',
+  'Collected from the user in a dialog before the action runs.',
+  'No inputs — the action runs immediately on click.',
+  'Move up',
+  'Move down',
+  'Remove input',
+  'Bind to field',
+  'request-body key',
+  'Placeholder',
+  'Required',
+  'Pre-fill from row',
+  'Add input',
+  'Options',
+  'No choices yet — a Select with no options opens an empty picker in the dialog.',
+  'Remove option 1',
+  'Add option',
+  // Placement
+  'Placement',
+  'Where this action surfaces in the UI.',
+  'No placement selected — this action will not appear on any record or list surface. Tick a placement above, or place it from a view’s bulk actions.',
+  'Capability-gated on a.b — every placement ticked above hides this action from anyone who does not hold it. Not greyed out and not an error: the button is simply absent, and the server refuses the invocation with a 403 either way. This session does not hold a.b, so the button is hidden from you too — grant it through a permission set to see it in the app.',
+  'This session does not hold a.b, so the button is hidden from you too — grant it through a permission set to see it in the app.',
+  'Capability-gated on a.b + c.d — every placement ticked above hides this action from anyone who does not hold all of them. Not greyed out and not an error: the button is simply absent, and the server refuses the invocation with a 403 either way.',
+  'Component',
+  // Feedback
+  'Feedback',
+  'Confirmation and post-run messaging.',
+  'Confirm prompt',
+  'Ask before running (leave blank to skip)',
+  'Success message',
+  'Error message',
+  'Mode',
+  'Refresh view after',
+  'Offer undo',
+  // Conditions
+  'Conditions',
+  'No-code predicates over the record / user / ctx (compiled to CEL).',
+  'Visible when',
+  'Disabled when',
+  // AI exposure
+  'AI exposure',
+  'Opt-in: expose this action to AI agents as a callable tool.',
+  'Expose to AI agents',
+  'Tool description (required, ≥40 chars)',
+  'When and why an agent should call this action…',
+  'A ≥40-character description is required while exposed.',
+  'Advanced / rarely-used properties.',
+  // option labels — one fixture or another selects or lists each of them
+  'Script — run an expression / sandboxed JS',
+  'API — call an endpoint',
+  'Flow — invoke a flow',
+  'Modal — open a modal/page',
+  'Form — open a FormView',
+  'URL — navigate to a link',
+  'Primary', 'Secondary', 'Danger', 'Ghost', 'Link',
+  'Button', 'Icon only', 'Menu item', 'Button group',
+  'Create', 'Edit', 'Delete', 'Custom',
+  'Expression (L1)', 'Sandboxed JS (L2)',
+  'Text', 'Long text', 'Number', 'Checkbox', 'Select', 'Date', 'Date/time', 'Lookup',
+  'Run a script — sandboxed JS / expression body',
+  'Update fields on this record — no code',
+  'Record header', 'Record · more menu', 'Record · section', 'Record · related list', 'List toolbar', 'List · row',
+] as const;
+
+describe('ActionDefaultInspector reads its words in the designer locale (objectui#10586)', () => {
+  it('zh: none of the pre-fix English renders, and named samples are the catalogue rows', async () => {
+    const seen = await readAll('zh', ACTION_FIXTURES);
+    expectNone(seen, ACTION_EN);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.action.behavior'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.action.type.script'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.action.location.record_header'))).toBe(true);
+    // A slotted sentence keeps its node: the capability list sits inside the zh words.
+    const [lead] = zhRow('engine.inspector.action.capabilityGateSelf').split('{capabilities}');
+    expect(lead.trim().length, 'the zh self clause opens with words').toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    expect([...seen].some((s) => s.startsWith(lead.trim()) && s.includes('a.b'))).toBe(true);
+    // Protocol tokens and sample values are not words, and stay as they were.
+    for (const literal of ['PATCH', 'object.viewKey', '/api/v1/…', 'status', 'done']) {
+      expect(seen.has(literal), literal).toBe(true);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('en: every pre-fix string still renders, word for word', async () => {
+    expectAll(await readAll('en', ACTION_FIXTURES), ACTION_EN);
+  });
+});
+
+// ─── The shared atoms' defaults, through their hosts ────────────────────────
+
+function mountNav(lang: Lang) {
+  inLang(lang, (
+    <AppNavInspector
+      type="app"
+      name="app"
+      draft={{ name: 'app', navigation: [{ id: 'n1', type: 'object', label: 'Accounts', objectName: '' }] }}
+      selection={{ kind: 'nav', id: 'navigation[0]' }}
+      onPatch={() => {}}
+      onClearSelection={() => {}}
+      readOnly={false}
+      locale={LOCALE[lang]}
+    />
+  ));
+}
+
+/**
+ * The combo's trigger, found through the `<Label htmlFor>` it owns. A bare
+ * `button[role=combobox]` query would also match every `InspectorSelectField`
+ * trigger, which Radix renders with the same role.
+ */
+function comboTrigger(labelText: string): HTMLButtonElement {
+  const label = Array.from(document.body.querySelectorAll('label')).find((l) => l.textContent === labelText);
+  expect(label, `the combo label ${labelText}`).toBeTruthy();
+  const trigger = document.getElementById(label!.htmlFor);
+  expect(trigger?.getAttribute('role'), 'the label names a combobox').toBe('combobox');
+  return trigger as HTMLButtonElement;
+}
+
+const COMBO_FIXTURES: readonly Fixture[] = [
+  // The object roster still in flight: the trigger's loading text.
+  async (lang) => {
+    state.metadataClient.list = () => new Promise<unknown[]>(() => {});
+    mountNav(lang);
+    await flush();
+  },
+  // The roster answered empty: the placeholder, then the open popover's search
+  // box and empty state, then a typed value's custom row.
+  async (lang) => {
+    mountNav(lang);
+    await flush();
+    for (const s of surface()) comboExtra.add(s);
+    fireEvent.click(comboTrigger(t('engine.inspector.appNav.object', LOCALE[lang])));
+    await flush();
+    for (const s of surface()) comboExtra.add(s);
+    const input = document.body.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('[cmdk-input]');
+    expect(input, 'the combo search box').toBeTruthy();
+    fireEvent.change(input!, { target: { value: 'custom_obj' } });
+    await flush();
+  },
+];
+// The combo fixture reads three states of one mount; `readAll` only sees the last.
+const comboExtra = new Set<string>();
+
+const COMBO_EN = [
+  'Loading…',
+  'Select…',
+  'Search or type…',
+  'No match — keep typing to use a custom value.',
+  'Use “custom_obj”',
+] as const;
+
+async function readCombo(lang: Lang): Promise<Set<string>> {
+  comboExtra.clear();
+  const seen = await readAll(lang, COMBO_FIXTURES);
+  for (const s of comboExtra) seen.add(s);
+  return seen;
+}
+
+function mountFields(lang: Lang) {
+  inLang(lang, (
+    <ObjectFieldInspector
+      type="object"
+      name="account"
+      draft={{ name: 'account', fields: { a: { type: 'text', label: 'A' }, b: { type: 'text', label: 'B' } } }}
+      selection={{ kind: 'field', id: 'a' }}
+      onPatch={() => {}}
+      onClearSelection={() => {}}
+      onSelectionChange={() => {}}
+      readOnly={false}
+      locale={LOCALE[lang]}
+    />
+  ));
+}
+
+const SHARED_FIXTURES: readonly Fixture[] = [
+  // The one host whose header passes no reorder labels.
+  async (lang) => {
+    mountFields(lang);
+    await flush();
+  },
+  // No in-tree host reaches these two defaults, so the primitive is read directly.
+  (lang) => {
+    inLang(lang, <InspectorShell kindLabel="K" title="T" onClose={() => {}}><div /></InspectorShell>);
+  },
+  (lang) => {
+    inLang(lang, (
+      <InspectorSelectField label="L" value="" options={[]} onCommit={() => {}} roster={{ status: 'error', message: 'boom' }} />
+    ));
+  },
+];
+
+const SHARED_EN = ['Move up', 'Move down', 'Close', 'Options could not be loaded'] as const;
+
+describe('the shared inspector atoms read their default words in the designer locale (objectui#10586)', () => {
+  it('zh: InspectorComboField (through AppNavInspector) renders none of its English defaults', async () => {
+    const seen = await readCombo('zh');
+    expectNone(seen, COMBO_EN);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.combo.loading'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.combo.search'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.combo.noMatch'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.form.selectEllipsis'))).toBe(true);
+    const [lead, tail] = zhRow('engine.inspector.combo.useCustom').split('{value}');
+    expect(seen.has(`${lead}“custom_obj”${tail}`.trim())).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('en: InspectorComboField (through AppNavInspector) renders its defaults as before', async () => {
+    expectAll(await readCombo('en'), COMBO_EN);
+  });
+
+  it('zh: the reorder pair (through ObjectFieldInspector), the close label and the roster-failure notice', async () => {
+    const seen = await readAll('zh', SHARED_FIXTURES);
+    expectNone(seen, SHARED_EN);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.reorder.up'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.inspector.reorder.down'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.close'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('engine.form.optionsLoadFailedTitle'))).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('en: the reorder pair, the close label and the roster-failure notice render as before', async () => {
+    expectAll(await readAll('en', SHARED_FIXTURES), SHARED_EN);
+  });
+
+  it('zh: a label the caller passes still wins over the localized default', async () => {
+    inLang('zh', (
+      <>
+        <InspectorShell kindLabel="K" title="T" onClose={() => {}} closeLabel="caller close"><div /></InspectorShell>
+        <InspectorSelectField label="L" value="" options={[]} onCommit={() => {}} roster={{ status: 'error', message: '' }} rosterFailureLabel="caller failure" />
+        <InspectorComboField label="C" value="" onCommit={() => {}} options={[]} placeholder="caller placeholder" searchPlaceholder="caller search" emptyText="caller empty" />
+      </>
+    ));
+    fireEvent.click(comboTrigger('C'));
+    await flush();
+    const seen = surface();
+    for (const own of ['caller close', 'caller failure', 'caller placeholder', 'caller search', 'caller empty']) {
+      expect(seen.has(own), own).toBe(true);
+    }
+  });
+});
+
+// ─── Lit controls ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+describe('lit controls: the same probe reads translations that were already there (objectui#10586)', () => {
+  it('ObjectDefaultInspector’s existing zh, through the host `locale` channel', () => {
+    inLang('zh', <ObjectDefaultInspector type="object" name="" locale="zh-CN" draft={{}} onPatch={() => {}} readOnly={false} />);
+    const seen = surface();
+    expect(seen.has(zhRow('designer.object.section.basic'))).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen.has(t('designer.object.section.basic', 'en-US'))).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  it('InspectorSelectField’s existing zh flag, through the `useMetadataLocale()` channel', () => {
+    inLang('zh', <InspectorSelectField label="L" value="ghost" options={[]} onCommit={() => {}} />);
+    expect(surface().has(flagUnknownValue('ghost', zhRow('engine.form.notFound'), 'zh-CN'))).toBe(true);
+  });
+});