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了Hexo博客的自动部署，过程记录如下。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n整个过程主要有两个环节：\n\n### 本地代码自动部署到Github\n\nHexo本身就有deploy功能，只要在`_config.yml`里面做一下[配置](https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html)，就可以部署到Github、Heroku等平台上，如果博客是托管在Github Pages上的话使用这种方式可以很方便的实现自动部署，不过通过这种方式发送到Github上的只有`public`静态文件目录，我这里希望托管整个应用的代码，就不能使用这种方式了，反正只要可以push就行了，我们搬出shell大法好。\n\n创建文件`deploy.sh`\n\n``` bash\n#!/bin/bash\n\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] deploy hexo start \\033[0m\"\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] hexo generate...  \\033[0m\"\nhexo g\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] git commit...  \\033[0m\"\nd=`date +%x-%T`\ngit add .\ngit commit -m \"auto deploy at \"${d}\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] git push...  \\033[0m\"\ngit push origin master\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] deploy hexo finish \\033[0m\"\n```\n\n然后增加权限\n\n``` bash\n$ chmod +x ./deploy.sh\n```\n\n这样完成本地开发后，只要执行命令\n\n``` bash\n$ ./deploy.sh\n```\n\n就可以让Hexo生成静态文件并push到Github上。\n\n### Github自动同步到服务器\n\n为了让服务器可以自动同步Github上面的更新，我们需要用到Github的Webhooks。\n\n首先创建文件`sync.sh`\n\n``` bash\n#!/bin/bash\n\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] sync hexo start \\033[0m\"\ncd /ppxu/blog\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] git pull...  \\033[0m\"\ngit pull origin master\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] sync hexo finish \\033[0m\"\n```\n\n目标是每当Github有push的时候就自动调用这个脚本。\n\n然后找到Github仓库的Settings页\n\n![/img/hook.png](/img/hook.png)\n\n添加一条Webhook，填写请求地址`http://xx.xx.xx.xx:7777/webhook`，这样每当Github收到push或者其他事件时就会自动向这个地址发送一条POST请求。\n\n下面在服务器上补充这个请求地址，我们用Node搭一个简单的http服务，这里用到了[github-webhook-handler](https://github.com/rvagg/github-webhook-handler)处理hook消息，创建文件`server.js`\n\n``` javascript\nvar http = require('http')\nvar exec = require('child_process').exec;\nvar createHandler = require('github-webhook-handler')\nvar handler = createHandler({ path: '/webhook', secret: '********' });\n\nhttp.createServer(function (req, res) {\n  handler(req, res, function (err) {\n    res.statusCode = 404;\n    res.end('no such location');\n  });\n}).listen(7777);\n\nhandler.on('error', function (err) {\n  console.error('Error:', err.message);\n});\n\nhandler.on('push', function (event) {\n  console.log('Received a push event for %s to %s',\n    event.payload.repository.name,\n    event.payload.ref);\n  exec('/ppxu/blog/sync.sh', function(err, stdout, stderr){\n    if(err) {\n      console.log('sync server err: ' + stderr);\n    } else {\n      console.log(stdout);\n    }\n  });\n});\n```\n\n这里的`secret`要和在Github上新建hook时设置的一样，请求时校验用的。\n\n然后启动服务\n\n``` bash\n$ node server.js &\n```\n\n这里也可以用forever之类的工具防止进程挂掉。\n\n这样一套自动部署系统就建立好了，在本机和服务器的实际效果如下：\n\n![/img/deploy.png](/img/deploy.png)\n\n![/img/sync.png](/img/sync.png)\n\n感觉生活一下子美好起来了呢：）\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html](https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html)\n\n* [https://developer.github.com/webhooks/](https://developer.github.com/webhooks/)\n\n* [http://www.lovelucy.info/auto-deploy-website-by-webhooks-of-github-and-gitlab.html](http://www.lovelucy.info/auto-deploy-website-by-webhooks-of-github-and-gitlab.html)\n","source":"_posts/auto-deploy-hexo-with-github-webhooks.md","raw":"title: 使用Github的Webhooks实现Hexo的自动部署\ndate: 2015-12-21 17:29:24\ncategories: blog\ntags: [github, webhooks, hexo, deploy, shell]\n---\n博客之前的更新方式是先在本地写好文章，push到Github，然后ssh连到服务器上，再pull下来，如果每次都要这样操作一遍实在麻烦，今天就试着用Github的Webhooks功能实现了Hexo博客的自动部署，过程记录如下。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n整个过程主要有两个环节：\n\n### 本地代码自动部署到Github\n\nHexo本身就有deploy功能，只要在`_config.yml`里面做一下[配置](https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html)，就可以部署到Github、Heroku等平台上，如果博客是托管在Github Pages上的话使用这种方式可以很方便的实现自动部署，不过通过这种方式发送到Github上的只有`public`静态文件目录，我这里希望托管整个应用的代码，就不能使用这种方式了，反正只要可以push就行了，我们搬出shell大法好。\n\n创建文件`deploy.sh`\n\n``` bash\n#!/bin/bash\n\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] deploy hexo start \\033[0m\"\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] hexo generate...  \\033[0m\"\nhexo g\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] git commit...  \\033[0m\"\nd=`date +%x-%T`\ngit add .\ngit commit -m \"auto deploy at \"${d}\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] git push...  \\033[0m\"\ngit push origin master\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] deploy hexo finish \\033[0m\"\n```\n\n然后增加权限\n\n``` bash\n$ chmod +x ./deploy.sh\n```\n\n这样完成本地开发后，只要执行命令\n\n``` bash\n$ ./deploy.sh\n```\n\n就可以让Hexo生成静态文件并push到Github上。\n\n### Github自动同步到服务器\n\n为了让服务器可以自动同步Github上面的更新，我们需要用到Github的Webhooks。\n\n首先创建文件`sync.sh`\n\n``` bash\n#!/bin/bash\n\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] sync hexo start \\033[0m\"\ncd /ppxu/blog\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] git pull...  \\033[0m\"\ngit pull origin master\necho -e \"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] sync hexo finish \\033[0m\"\n```\n\n目标是每当Github有push的时候就自动调用这个脚本。\n\n然后找到Github仓库的Settings页\n\n![/img/hook.png](/img/hook.png)\n\n添加一条Webhook，填写请求地址`http://xx.xx.xx.xx:7777/webhook`，这样每当Github收到push或者其他事件时就会自动向这个地址发送一条POST请求。\n\n下面在服务器上补充这个请求地址，我们用Node搭一个简单的http服务，这里用到了[github-webhook-handler](https://github.com/rvagg/github-webhook-handler)处理hook消息，创建文件`server.js`\n\n``` javascript\nvar http = require('http')\nvar exec = require('child_process').exec;\nvar createHandler = require('github-webhook-handler')\nvar handler = createHandler({ path: '/webhook', secret: '********' });\n\nhttp.createServer(function (req, res) {\n  handler(req, res, function (err) {\n    res.statusCode = 404;\n    res.end('no such location');\n  });\n}).listen(7777);\n\nhandler.on('error', function (err) {\n  console.error('Error:', err.message);\n});\n\nhandler.on('push', function (event) {\n  console.log('Received a push event for %s to %s',\n    event.payload.repository.name,\n    event.payload.ref);\n  exec('/ppxu/blog/sync.sh', function(err, stdout, stderr){\n    if(err) {\n      console.log('sync server err: ' + stderr);\n    } else {\n      console.log(stdout);\n    }\n  });\n});\n```\n\n这里的`secret`要和在Github上新建hook时设置的一样，请求时校验用的。\n\n然后启动服务\n\n``` bash\n$ node server.js &\n```\n\n这里也可以用forever之类的工具防止进程挂掉。\n\n这样一套自动部署系统就建立好了，在本机和服务器的实际效果如下：\n\n![/img/deploy.png](/img/deploy.png)\n\n![/img/sync.png](/img/sync.png)\n\n感觉生活一下子美好起来了呢：）\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html](https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html)\n\n* [https://developer.github.com/webhooks/](https://developer.github.com/webhooks/)\n\n* [http://www.lovelucy.info/auto-deploy-website-by-webhooks-of-github-and-gitlab.html](http://www.lovelucy.info/auto-deploy-website-by-webhooks-of-github-and-gitlab.html)\n","slug":"auto-deploy-hexo-with-github-webhooks","published":1,"updated":"2017-02-21T07:08:43.000Z","comments":1,"layout":"post","photos":[],"link":"","_id":"cizf7sino0000a3xxxmxo77d3","content":"<p>博客之前的更新方式是先在本地写好文章，push到Github，然后ssh连到服务器上，再pull下来，如果每次都要这样操作一遍实在麻烦，今天就试着用Github的Webhooks功能实现了Hexo博客的自动部署，过程记录如下。</p>\n<a id=\"more\"></a>\n<p>整个过程主要有两个环节：</p>\n<h3 id=\"本地代码自动部署到github\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#本地代码自动部署到github\">¶</a>本地代码自动部署到Github</h3>\n<p>Hexo本身就有deploy功能，只要在<code>_config.yml</code>里面做一下<a href=\"https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">配置</a>，就可以部署到Github、Heroku等平台上，如果博客是托管在Github Pages上的话使用这种方式可以很方便的实现自动部署，不过通过这种方式发送到Github上的只有<code>public</code>静态文件目录，我这里希望托管整个应用的代码，就不能使用这种方式了，反正只要可以push就行了，我们搬出shell大法好。</p>\n<p>创建文件<code>deploy.sh</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"meta\">#!/bin/bash</span></div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] deploy hexo start \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] hexo generate...  \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\">hexo g</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] git commit...  \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\">d=`date +%x-%T`</div><div class=\"line\">git add .</div><div class=\"line\">git commit -m <span class=\"string\">\"auto deploy at \"</span><span class=\"variable\">$&#123;d&#125;</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] git push...  \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\">git push origin master</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] deploy hexo finish \\033[0m\"</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>然后增加权限</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ chmod +x ./deploy.sh</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样完成本地开发后，只要执行命令</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ ./deploy.sh</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>就可以让Hexo生成静态文件并push到Github上。</p>\n<h3 id=\"github自动同步到服务器\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#github自动同步到服务器\">¶</a>Github自动同步到服务器</h3>\n<p>为了让服务器可以自动同步Github上面的更新，我们需要用到Github的Webhooks。</p>\n<p>首先创建文件<code>sync.sh</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"meta\">#!/bin/bash</span></div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] sync hexo start \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /ppxu/blog</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] git pull...  \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\">git pull origin master</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] sync hexo finish \\033[0m\"</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>目标是每当Github有push的时候就自动调用这个脚本。</p>\n<p>然后找到Github仓库的Settings页</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/hook.png\" alt=\"/img/hook.png\"></p>\n<p>添加一条Webhook，填写请求地址<code>http://xx.xx.xx.xx:7777/webhook</code>，这样每当Github收到push或者其他事件时就会自动向这个地址发送一条POST请求。</p>\n<p>下面在服务器上补充这个请求地址，我们用Node搭一个简单的http服务，这里用到了<a href=\"https://github.com/rvagg/github-webhook-handler\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">github-webhook-handler</a>处理hook消息，创建文件<code>server.js</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight javascript\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div><div class=\"line\">14</div><div class=\"line\">15</div><div class=\"line\">16</div><div class=\"line\">17</div><div class=\"line\">18</div><div class=\"line\">19</div><div class=\"line\">20</div><div class=\"line\">21</div><div class=\"line\">22</div><div class=\"line\">23</div><div class=\"line\">24</div><div class=\"line\">25</div><div class=\"line\">26</div><div class=\"line\">27</div><div class=\"line\">28</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">var</span> http = <span class=\"built_in\">require</span>(<span class=\"string\">'http'</span>)</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">var</span> exec = <span class=\"built_in\">require</span>(<span class=\"string\">'child_process'</span>).exec;</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">var</span> createHandler = <span class=\"built_in\">require</span>(<span class=\"string\">'github-webhook-handler'</span>)</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">var</span> handler = createHandler(&#123; <span class=\"attr\">path</span>: <span class=\"string\">'/webhook'</span>, <span class=\"attr\">secret</span>: <span class=\"string\">'********'</span> &#125;);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">http.createServer(<span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span> (<span class=\"params\">req, res</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  handler(req, res, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span> (<span class=\"params\">err</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    res.statusCode = <span class=\"number\">404</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    res.end(<span class=\"string\">'no such location'</span>);</div><div class=\"line\">  &#125;);</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;).listen(<span class=\"number\">7777</span>);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">handler.on(<span class=\"string\">'error'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span> (<span class=\"params\">err</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"built_in\">console</span>.error(<span class=\"string\">'Error:'</span>, err.message);</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">handler.on(<span class=\"string\">'push'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span> (<span class=\"params\">event</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"built_in\">console</span>.log(<span class=\"string\">'Received a push event for %s to %s'</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">    event.payload.repository.name,</div><div class=\"line\">    event.payload.ref);</div><div class=\"line\">  exec(<span class=\"string\">'/ppxu/blog/sync.sh'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span>(<span class=\"params\">err, stdout, stderr</span>)</span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"keyword\">if</span>(err) &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">      <span class=\"built_in\">console</span>.log(<span class=\"string\">'sync server err: '</span> + stderr);</div><div class=\"line\">    &#125; <span class=\"keyword\">else</span> &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">      <span class=\"built_in\">console</span>.log(stdout);</div><div class=\"line\">    &#125;</div><div class=\"line\">  &#125;);</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这里的<code>secret</code>要和在Github上新建hook时设置的一样，请求时校验用的。</p>\n<p>然后启动服务</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ node server.js &amp;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这里也可以用forever之类的工具防止进程挂掉。</p>\n<p>这样一套自动部署系统就建立好了，在本机和服务器的实际效果如下：</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/deploy.png\" alt=\"/img/deploy.png\"></p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/sync.png\" alt=\"/img/sync.png\"></p>\n<p>感觉生活一下子美好起来了呢：）</p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https://developer.github.com/webhooks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://developer.github.com/webhooks/</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.lovelucy.info/auto-deploy-website-by-webhooks-of-github-and-gitlab.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.lovelucy.info/auto-deploy-website-by-webhooks-of-github-and-gitlab.html</a></p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n","excerpt":"<p>博客之前的更新方式是先在本地写好文章，push到Github，然后ssh连到服务器上，再pull下来，如果每次都要这样操作一遍实在麻烦，今天就试着用Github的Webhooks功能实现了Hexo博客的自动部署，过程记录如下。</p>","more":"<p>整个过程主要有两个环节：</p>\n<h3 id=\"本地代码自动部署到github\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#本地代码自动部署到github\">¶</a>本地代码自动部署到Github</h3>\n<p>Hexo本身就有deploy功能，只要在<code>_config.yml</code>里面做一下<a href=\"https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html\">配置</a>，就可以部署到Github、Heroku等平台上，如果博客是托管在Github Pages上的话使用这种方式可以很方便的实现自动部署，不过通过这种方式发送到Github上的只有<code>public</code>静态文件目录，我这里希望托管整个应用的代码，就不能使用这种方式了，反正只要可以push就行了，我们搬出shell大法好。</p>\n<p>创建文件<code>deploy.sh</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"meta\">#!/bin/bash</div><div class=\"line\"></span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] deploy hexo start \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] hexo generate...  \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\">hexo g</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] git commit...  \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\">d=`date +%x-%T`</div><div class=\"line\">git add .</div><div class=\"line\">git commit -m <span class=\"string\">\"auto deploy at \"</span><span class=\"variable\">$&#123;d&#125;</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] git push...  \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\">git push origin master</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO DEPLOY] deploy hexo finish \\033[0m\"</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>然后增加权限</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ chmod +x ./deploy.sh</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样完成本地开发后，只要执行命令</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ ./deploy.sh</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>就可以让Hexo生成静态文件并push到Github上。</p>\n<h3 id=\"github自动同步到服务器\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#github自动同步到服务器\">¶</a>Github自动同步到服务器</h3>\n<p>为了让服务器可以自动同步Github上面的更新，我们需要用到Github的Webhooks。</p>\n<p>首先创建文件<code>sync.sh</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"meta\">#!/bin/bash</div><div class=\"line\"></span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] sync hexo start \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /ppxu/blog</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] git pull...  \\033[0m\"</span></div><div class=\"line\">git pull origin master</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"built_in\">echo</span> <span class=\"_\">-e</span> <span class=\"string\">\"\\033[32m [AUTO SYNC] sync hexo finish \\033[0m\"</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>目标是每当Github有push的时候就自动调用这个脚本。</p>\n<p>然后找到Github仓库的Settings页</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/hook.png\" alt=\"/img/hook.png\"></p>\n<p>添加一条Webhook，填写请求地址<code>http://xx.xx.xx.xx:7777/webhook</code>，这样每当Github收到push或者其他事件时就会自动向这个地址发送一条POST请求。</p>\n<p>下面在服务器上补充这个请求地址，我们用Node搭一个简单的http服务，这里用到了<a href=\"https://github.com/rvagg/github-webhook-handler\">github-webhook-handler</a>处理hook消息，创建文件<code>server.js</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight javascript\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div><div class=\"line\">14</div><div class=\"line\">15</div><div class=\"line\">16</div><div class=\"line\">17</div><div class=\"line\">18</div><div class=\"line\">19</div><div class=\"line\">20</div><div class=\"line\">21</div><div class=\"line\">22</div><div class=\"line\">23</div><div class=\"line\">24</div><div class=\"line\">25</div><div class=\"line\">26</div><div class=\"line\">27</div><div class=\"line\">28</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">var</span> http = <span class=\"built_in\">require</span>(<span class=\"string\">'http'</span>)</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">var</span> exec = <span class=\"built_in\">require</span>(<span class=\"string\">'child_process'</span>).exec;</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">var</span> createHandler = <span class=\"built_in\">require</span>(<span class=\"string\">'github-webhook-handler'</span>)</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">var</span> handler = createHandler(&#123; <span class=\"attr\">path</span>: <span class=\"string\">'/webhook'</span>, <span class=\"attr\">secret</span>: <span class=\"string\">'********'</span> &#125;);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">http.createServer(<span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span> (<span class=\"params\">req, res</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  handler(req, res, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span> (<span class=\"params\">err</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    res.statusCode = <span class=\"number\">404</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    res.end(<span class=\"string\">'no such location'</span>);</div><div class=\"line\">  &#125;);</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;).listen(<span class=\"number\">7777</span>);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">handler.on(<span class=\"string\">'error'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span> (<span class=\"params\">err</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"built_in\">console</span>.error(<span class=\"string\">'Error:'</span>, err.message);</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">handler.on(<span class=\"string\">'push'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span> (<span class=\"params\">event</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"built_in\">console</span>.log(<span class=\"string\">'Received a push event for %s to %s'</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">    event.payload.repository.name,</div><div class=\"line\">    event.payload.ref);</div><div class=\"line\">  exec(<span class=\"string\">'/ppxu/blog/sync.sh'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span>(<span class=\"params\">err, stdout, stderr</span>)</span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"keyword\">if</span>(err) &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">      <span class=\"built_in\">console</span>.log(<span class=\"string\">'sync server err: '</span> + stderr);</div><div class=\"line\">    &#125; <span class=\"keyword\">else</span> &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">      <span class=\"built_in\">console</span>.log(stdout);</div><div class=\"line\">    &#125;</div><div class=\"line\">  &#125;);</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这里的<code>secret</code>要和在Github上新建hook时设置的一样，请求时校验用的。</p>\n<p>然后启动服务</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ node server.js &amp;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这里也可以用forever之类的工具防止进程挂掉。</p>\n<p>这样一套自动部署系统就建立好了，在本机和服务器的实际效果如下：</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/deploy.png\" alt=\"/img/deploy.png\"></p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/sync.png\" alt=\"/img/sync.png\"></p>\n<p>感觉生活一下子美好起来了呢：）</p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html\">https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/deployment.html</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https://developer.github.com/webhooks/\">https://developer.github.com/webhooks/</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.lovelucy.info/auto-deploy-website-by-webhooks-of-github-and-gitlab.html\">http://www.lovelucy.info/auto-deploy-website-by-webhooks-of-github-and-gitlab.html</a></p>\n</li>\n</ul>"},{"title":"Nginx配置SPDY","date":"2015-12-22T09:32:20.000Z","_content":"本来准备给服务器搞个HTTP/2上去，发现Nginx要到1.9.5才可以支持HTTP/2协议，现在服务器上的Nginx版本才1.8.0，想了想先试试SPDY吧，改天再来升级Nginx和HTTP/2。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n首先查看一下本地的Nginx是不是已经包含了SPDY\n\n``` bash\n$ nginx -V |grep spdy\n```\n\n如果看到有`–-with-http_spdy_module`，就说明已经支持了SPDY，如果没有的话需要重新下载和编译Nginx，在编译的时候加上`--with-http_spdy_module`选项。\n\n然后修改Nginx的配置文件\n\n```\nserver {\n    listen       80;\n    listen       443 ssl spdy;\n    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;\n\n    add_header   Alternate-Protocol  443:npn-spdy/3.1;\n    ...\n```\n\n重启Nginx，SPDY就配置完成了。\n\n访问一下网站，然后在chrome中打开`chrome://net-internals/#http2`，就可以看到站点已经支持了SPDY3.1\n\n![/img/spdy.png](/img/spdy.png)\n\n还可以在这个[网站](https://spdycheck.org/)检查SPDY情况。\n\n不过毕竟SPDY协议已经废弃了，还是赶紧搞上HTTP/2才是正事。\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [http://nginx.org/](http://nginx.org/)\n\n* [http://www.stefanwille.com/2013/04/using-spdy-with-nginx-1-4/](http://www.stefanwille.com/2013/04/using-spdy-with-nginx-1-4/)\n\n* [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-09/123251.htm](http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-09/123251.htm)\n\n* [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/112979.htm](http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/112979.htm)\n\n* [http://www.jb51.net/article/59017.htm](http://www.jb51.net/article/59017.htm)\n\n* [http://www.tuicool.com/articles/2mi63q](http://www.tuicool.com/articles/2mi63q)\n","source":"_posts/config-spdy-in-nginx.md","raw":"title: Nginx配置SPDY\ndate: 2015-12-22 17:32:20\ncategories: blog\ntags: [aliyun, ecs, centos, nginx, spdy]\n---\n本来准备给服务器搞个HTTP/2上去，发现Nginx要到1.9.5才可以支持HTTP/2协议，现在服务器上的Nginx版本才1.8.0，想了想先试试SPDY吧，改天再来升级Nginx和HTTP/2。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n首先查看一下本地的Nginx是不是已经包含了SPDY\n\n``` bash\n$ nginx -V |grep spdy\n```\n\n如果看到有`–-with-http_spdy_module`，就说明已经支持了SPDY，如果没有的话需要重新下载和编译Nginx，在编译的时候加上`--with-http_spdy_module`选项。\n\n然后修改Nginx的配置文件\n\n```\nserver {\n    listen       80;\n    listen       443 ssl spdy;\n    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;\n\n    add_header   Alternate-Protocol  443:npn-spdy/3.1;\n    ...\n```\n\n重启Nginx，SPDY就配置完成了。\n\n访问一下网站，然后在chrome中打开`chrome://net-internals/#http2`，就可以看到站点已经支持了SPDY3.1\n\n![/img/spdy.png](/img/spdy.png)\n\n还可以在这个[网站](https://spdycheck.org/)检查SPDY情况。\n\n不过毕竟SPDY协议已经废弃了，还是赶紧搞上HTTP/2才是正事。\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [http://nginx.org/](http://nginx.org/)\n\n* [http://www.stefanwille.com/2013/04/using-spdy-with-nginx-1-4/](http://www.stefanwille.com/2013/04/using-spdy-with-nginx-1-4/)\n\n* [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-09/123251.htm](http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-09/123251.htm)\n\n* [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/112979.htm](http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/112979.htm)\n\n* [http://www.jb51.net/article/59017.htm](http://www.jb51.net/article/59017.htm)\n\n* [http://www.tuicool.com/articles/2mi63q](http://www.tuicool.com/articles/2mi63q)\n","slug":"config-spdy-in-nginx","published":1,"updated":"2017-02-21T07:09:01.000Z","comments":1,"layout":"post","photos":[],"link":"","_id":"cizf7sint0001a3xxvura8kul","content":"<p>本来准备给服务器搞个HTTP/2上去，发现Nginx要到1.9.5才可以支持HTTP/2协议，现在服务器上的Nginx版本才1.8.0，想了想先试试SPDY吧，改天再来升级Nginx和HTTP/2。</p>\n<a id=\"more\"></a>\n<p>首先查看一下本地的Nginx是不是已经包含了SPDY</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ nginx -V |grep spdy</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>如果看到有<code>–-with-http_spdy_module</code>，就说明已经支持了SPDY，如果没有的话需要重新下载和编译Nginx，在编译的时候加上<code>--with-http_spdy_module</code>选项。</p>\n<p>然后修改Nginx的配置文件</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight elixir\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">server &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    listen       <span class=\"number\">80</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    listen       <span class=\"number\">443</span> ssl spdy;</div><div class=\"line\">    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    add_header   Alternate-Protocol  <span class=\"number\">443</span><span class=\"symbol\">:npn-spdy/</span><span class=\"number\">3.1</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    ...</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>重启Nginx，SPDY就配置完成了。</p>\n<p>访问一下网站，然后在chrome中打开<code>chrome://net-internals/#http2</code>，就可以看到站点已经支持了SPDY3.1</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/spdy.png\" alt=\"/img/spdy.png\"></p>\n<p>还可以在这个<a href=\"https://spdycheck.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">网站</a>检查SPDY情况。</p>\n<p>不过毕竟SPDY协议已经废弃了，还是赶紧搞上HTTP/2才是正事。</p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://nginx.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://nginx.org/</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.stefanwille.com/2013/04/using-spdy-with-nginx-1-4/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.stefanwille.com/2013/04/using-spdy-with-nginx-1-4/</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-09/123251.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-09/123251.htm</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/112979.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/112979.htm</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.jb51.net/article/59017.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.jb51.net/article/59017.htm</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.tuicool.com/articles/2mi63q\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.tuicool.com/articles/2mi63q</a></p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n","excerpt":"<p>本来准备给服务器搞个HTTP/2上去，发现Nginx要到1.9.5才可以支持HTTP/2协议，现在服务器上的Nginx版本才1.8.0，想了想先试试SPDY吧，改天再来升级Nginx和HTTP/2。</p>","more":"<p>首先查看一下本地的Nginx是不是已经包含了SPDY</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ nginx -V |grep spdy</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>如果看到有<code>–-with-http_spdy_module</code>，就说明已经支持了SPDY，如果没有的话需要重新下载和编译Nginx，在编译的时候加上<code>--with-http_spdy_module</code>选项。</p>\n<p>然后修改Nginx的配置文件</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight elixir\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">server &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    listen       <span class=\"number\">80</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    listen       <span class=\"number\">443</span> ssl spdy;</div><div class=\"line\">    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    add_header   Alternate-Protocol  <span class=\"number\">443</span><span class=\"symbol\">:npn-spdy/</span><span class=\"number\">3.1</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    ...</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>重启Nginx，SPDY就配置完成了。</p>\n<p>访问一下网站，然后在chrome中打开<code>chrome://net-internals/#http2</code>，就可以看到站点已经支持了SPDY3.1</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/spdy.png\" alt=\"/img/spdy.png\"></p>\n<p>还可以在这个<a href=\"https://spdycheck.org/\">网站</a>检查SPDY情况。</p>\n<p>不过毕竟SPDY协议已经废弃了，还是赶紧搞上HTTP/2才是正事。</p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://nginx.org/\">http://nginx.org/</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.stefanwille.com/2013/04/using-spdy-with-nginx-1-4/\">http://www.stefanwille.com/2013/04/using-spdy-with-nginx-1-4/</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-09/123251.htm\">http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-09/123251.htm</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/112979.htm\">http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/112979.htm</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.jb51.net/article/59017.htm\">http://www.jb51.net/article/59017.htm</a></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.tuicool.com/articles/2mi63q\">http://www.tuicool.com/articles/2mi63q</a></p>\n</li>\n</ul>"},{"title":"阿里云ECS配置Nginx和SSL","date":"2015-12-20T14:01:05.000Z","_content":"今天给服务器安装了Nginx，并配置了SSL，网址左边终于有了萌萌哒的小绿锁，这里还是做一下记录。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n先是安装Nginx\n\n``` bash\n$ wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm\n$ rpm -ivh nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm\n$ yum install nginx\n```\n\n启动Nginx\n\n``` bash\n$ systemctl start nginx\n```\n\n这样Nginx服务就已经启动完成了，输入服务器ip地址就可以看到Nginx主页，然后我们需要把Hexo服务的4000端口转发到Nginx的80端口，查看Nginx配置文件`/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`，看到需要修改`conf.d`目录下的`/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf`文件\n\n```\nserver {\n    listen       80;\n    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;\n\n    location / {\n        proxy_pass          http://127.0.0.1:4000/;\n        proxy_redirect      off;\n        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP       $remote_addr;\n        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n    }\n\n    ...\n```\n\n重启Nginx\n\n``` bash\n$ systemctl restart nginx\n```\n\n现在访问网站，在响应头里就可以看到`Server:nginx/1.8.0`，说明Nginx环境已经正常了，下面准备搞上HTTPS。\n\n这里就不详述HTTPS的原理了，对我们这个小博客而言，搞个免费的SSL证书就可以了，这里推荐[https://startssl.com/](https://startssl.com/)或者[https://www.wosign.com/](https://www.wosign.com/)，申请成功后把下载下来的对应版本的证书文件上传到服务器上，包含公钥`xx.crt`和私钥`xx.key`。\n\n然后编辑`/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf`\n\n```\nserver {\n    listen       80;\n    listen       443 ssl;\n    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;\n\n    ssl on;\n    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/conf.d/ppxu.crt;\n    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/conf.d/ppxu.key;\n    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;\n    ssl_ciphers 'AES128+EECDH:AES128+EDH:!aNULL';\n    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;\n    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;\n    ssl_session_timeout 10m;\n    ssl_stapling on;\n    ssl_stapling_verify on;\n\n    location / {\n        proxy_pass          http://127.0.0.1:4000/;\n        proxy_redirect      off;\n        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP       $remote_addr;\n        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n    }\n\n    ...\n```\n\n重启Nginx，如果一切顺利，现在就可以通过`https://ppxu.me`访问到本网站了，但是如果直接输入`ppxu.me`的话会报400错误，显示\n\n``` html\nThe plain HTTP request was sent to HTTPS port\n```\n\n所以我们需要将http的请求强制使用https访问，最方便的办法是启用HSTS，在nginx的配置中添加\n\n```\nadd_header Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains\";\n```\n\n这样只要是支持HSTS的浏览器，就可以自动完成http到https的替换，而且是直接在浏览器本地完成的，对于不支持的浏览器，只能在服务器做重定向了，继续在Nginx配置中添加一条规则\n\n```\nerror_page 497  https://$host$uri;\n```\n\n这样我们的网站就已经完全支持了HTTPS访问，可以在这个网站[https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html](https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html)对网页进行安全评测，如果评分不够高的话可以再看看如何[加强nginx的SSL安全](http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx)。\n\n![/img/ssl.png](/img/ssl.png)\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [http://codybonney.com/installing-nginx-on-centos-6-4/](http://codybonney.com/installing-nginx-on-centos-6-4/)\n* [http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/阿里云Centos6安装配置Nodejs、Nginx、Hexo操作记录/](http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91Centos6%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AENodejs%E3%80%81Nginx%E3%80%81Hexo%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/)\n* [http://www.barretlee.com/blog/2015/10/05/how-to-build-a-https-server/](http://www.barretlee.com/blog/2015/10/05/how-to-build-a-https-server/)\n* [https://imququ.com/post/switch-to-https.html](https://imququ.com/post/switch-to-https.html)\n* [https://imququ.com/post/sth-about-switch-to-https.html](https://imququ.com/post/sth-about-switch-to-https.html)\n* [http://www.ha97.com/5194.html](http://www.ha97.com/5194.html)\n* [http://www.cnblogs.com/yanghuahui/archive/2012/06/25/2561568.html](http://www.cnblogs.com/yanghuahui/archive/2012/06/25/2561568.html)\n* [http://www.codeceo.com/article/nginx-ssl-nodejs.html](http://www.codeceo.com/article/nginx-ssl-nodejs.html)\n* [http://www.ttlsa.com/nginx/nginx-node-js/](http://www.ttlsa.com/nginx/nginx-node-js/)\n* [http://blog.csdn.net/wzy_1988/article/details/8549290](http://blog.csdn.net/wzy_1988/article/details/8549290)\n* [http://www.tutugreen.com/wordpress/upgrade-ssl/](http://www.tutugreen.com/wordpress/upgrade-ssl/)\n* [http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx](http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx)\n* [http://blog.jobbole.com/44844/](http://blog.jobbole.com/44844/)\n* [http://blog.jobbole.com/80591/](http://blog.jobbole.com/80591/)\n* [https://imququ.com/post/my-nginx-conf-for-wpo.html](https://imququ.com/post/my-nginx-conf-for-wpo.html)\n","source":"_posts/config-ssl-in-nginx.md","raw":"title: 阿里云ECS配置Nginx和SSL\ndate: 2015-12-20 22:01:05\ncategories: blog\ntags: [aliyun, ecs, centos, nginx, ssl, https]\n---\n今天给服务器安装了Nginx，并配置了SSL，网址左边终于有了萌萌哒的小绿锁，这里还是做一下记录。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n先是安装Nginx\n\n``` bash\n$ wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm\n$ rpm -ivh nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm\n$ yum install nginx\n```\n\n启动Nginx\n\n``` bash\n$ systemctl start nginx\n```\n\n这样Nginx服务就已经启动完成了，输入服务器ip地址就可以看到Nginx主页，然后我们需要把Hexo服务的4000端口转发到Nginx的80端口，查看Nginx配置文件`/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`，看到需要修改`conf.d`目录下的`/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf`文件\n\n```\nserver {\n    listen       80;\n    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;\n\n    location / {\n        proxy_pass          http://127.0.0.1:4000/;\n        proxy_redirect      off;\n        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP       $remote_addr;\n        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n    }\n\n    ...\n```\n\n重启Nginx\n\n``` bash\n$ systemctl restart nginx\n```\n\n现在访问网站，在响应头里就可以看到`Server:nginx/1.8.0`，说明Nginx环境已经正常了，下面准备搞上HTTPS。\n\n这里就不详述HTTPS的原理了，对我们这个小博客而言，搞个免费的SSL证书就可以了，这里推荐[https://startssl.com/](https://startssl.com/)或者[https://www.wosign.com/](https://www.wosign.com/)，申请成功后把下载下来的对应版本的证书文件上传到服务器上，包含公钥`xx.crt`和私钥`xx.key`。\n\n然后编辑`/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf`\n\n```\nserver {\n    listen       80;\n    listen       443 ssl;\n    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;\n\n    ssl on;\n    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/conf.d/ppxu.crt;\n    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/conf.d/ppxu.key;\n    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;\n    ssl_ciphers 'AES128+EECDH:AES128+EDH:!aNULL';\n    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;\n    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;\n    ssl_session_timeout 10m;\n    ssl_stapling on;\n    ssl_stapling_verify on;\n\n    location / {\n        proxy_pass          http://127.0.0.1:4000/;\n        proxy_redirect      off;\n        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP       $remote_addr;\n        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n    }\n\n    ...\n```\n\n重启Nginx，如果一切顺利，现在就可以通过`https://ppxu.me`访问到本网站了，但是如果直接输入`ppxu.me`的话会报400错误，显示\n\n``` html\nThe plain HTTP request was sent to HTTPS port\n```\n\n所以我们需要将http的请求强制使用https访问，最方便的办法是启用HSTS，在nginx的配置中添加\n\n```\nadd_header Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains\";\n```\n\n这样只要是支持HSTS的浏览器，就可以自动完成http到https的替换，而且是直接在浏览器本地完成的，对于不支持的浏览器，只能在服务器做重定向了，继续在Nginx配置中添加一条规则\n\n```\nerror_page 497  https://$host$uri;\n```\n\n这样我们的网站就已经完全支持了HTTPS访问，可以在这个网站[https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html](https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html)对网页进行安全评测，如果评分不够高的话可以再看看如何[加强nginx的SSL安全](http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx)。\n\n![/img/ssl.png](/img/ssl.png)\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [http://codybonney.com/installing-nginx-on-centos-6-4/](http://codybonney.com/installing-nginx-on-centos-6-4/)\n* [http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/阿里云Centos6安装配置Nodejs、Nginx、Hexo操作记录/](http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91Centos6%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AENodejs%E3%80%81Nginx%E3%80%81Hexo%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/)\n* [http://www.barretlee.com/blog/2015/10/05/how-to-build-a-https-server/](http://www.barretlee.com/blog/2015/10/05/how-to-build-a-https-server/)\n* [https://imququ.com/post/switch-to-https.html](https://imququ.com/post/switch-to-https.html)\n* [https://imququ.com/post/sth-about-switch-to-https.html](https://imququ.com/post/sth-about-switch-to-https.html)\n* [http://www.ha97.com/5194.html](http://www.ha97.com/5194.html)\n* [http://www.cnblogs.com/yanghuahui/archive/2012/06/25/2561568.html](http://www.cnblogs.com/yanghuahui/archive/2012/06/25/2561568.html)\n* [http://www.codeceo.com/article/nginx-ssl-nodejs.html](http://www.codeceo.com/article/nginx-ssl-nodejs.html)\n* [http://www.ttlsa.com/nginx/nginx-node-js/](http://www.ttlsa.com/nginx/nginx-node-js/)\n* [http://blog.csdn.net/wzy_1988/article/details/8549290](http://blog.csdn.net/wzy_1988/article/details/8549290)\n* [http://www.tutugreen.com/wordpress/upgrade-ssl/](http://www.tutugreen.com/wordpress/upgrade-ssl/)\n* [http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx](http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx)\n* [http://blog.jobbole.com/44844/](http://blog.jobbole.com/44844/)\n* [http://blog.jobbole.com/80591/](http://blog.jobbole.com/80591/)\n* [https://imququ.com/post/my-nginx-conf-for-wpo.html](https://imququ.com/post/my-nginx-conf-for-wpo.html)\n","slug":"config-ssl-in-nginx","published":1,"updated":"2017-02-21T07:09:23.000Z","comments":1,"layout":"post","photos":[],"link":"","_id":"cizf7sio40004a3xxrlp2zxu9","content":"<p>今天给服务器安装了Nginx，并配置了SSL，网址左边终于有了萌萌哒的小绿锁，这里还是做一下记录。</p>\n<a id=\"more\"></a>\n<p>先是安装Nginx</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm</div><div class=\"line\">$ rpm -ivh nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum install nginx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>启动Nginx</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ systemctl start nginx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样Nginx服务就已经启动完成了，输入服务器ip地址就可以看到Nginx主页，然后我们需要把Hexo服务的4000端口转发到Nginx的80端口，查看Nginx配置文件<code>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf</code>，看到需要修改<code>conf.d</code>目录下的<code>/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf</code>文件</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight tp\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">server &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    listen       <span class=\"number\">80</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    location / &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_pass          http:<span class=\"comment\">//127.0.0.1:4000/;</span></div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_redirect      off;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_set_header    <span class=\"keyword\">X</span>-Real-IP       <span class=\"variable\">$remote_addr</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_set_header    <span class=\"keyword\">X</span>-Forwarded-For <span class=\"variable\">$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    &#125;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    ...</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>重启Nginx</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ systemctl restart nginx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>现在访问网站，在响应头里就可以看到<code>Server:nginx/1.8.0</code>，说明Nginx环境已经正常了，下面准备搞上HTTPS。</p>\n<p>这里就不详述HTTPS的原理了，对我们这个小博客而言，搞个免费的SSL证书就可以了，这里推荐<a href=\"https://startssl.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://startssl.com/</a>或者<a href=\"https://www.wosign.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://www.wosign.com/</a>，申请成功后把下载下来的对应版本的证书文件上传到服务器上，包含公钥<code>xx.crt</code>和私钥<code>xx.key</code>。</p>\n<p>然后编辑<code>/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight stata\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div><div class=\"line\">14</div><div class=\"line\">15</div><div class=\"line\">16</div><div class=\"line\">17</div><div class=\"line\">18</div><div class=\"line\">19</div><div class=\"line\">20</div><div class=\"line\">21</div><div class=\"line\">22</div><div class=\"line\">23</div><div class=\"line\">24</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">server &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    listen       80;</div><div class=\"line\">    listen       443 ssl;</div><div class=\"line\">    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    ssl <span class=\"keyword\">on</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/<span class=\"keyword\">conf</span>.<span class=\"keyword\">d</span>/ppxu.crt;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/<span class=\"keyword\">conf</span>.<span class=\"keyword\">d</span>/ppxu.key;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_ciphers 'AES128+EECDH:AES128+EDH:!aNULL';</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers <span class=\"keyword\">on</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_session_timeout 10m;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_stapling <span class=\"keyword\">on</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_stapling_verify <span class=\"keyword\">on</span>;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    location / &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_pass          http:<span class=\"comment\">//127.0.0.1:4000/;</span></div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_redirect      off;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP       <span class=\"variable\">$remote_addr</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-<span class=\"keyword\">For</span> <span class=\"variable\">$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    &#125;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    ...</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>重启Nginx，如果一切顺利，现在就可以通过<code>https://ppxu.me</code>访问到本网站了，但是如果直接输入<code>ppxu.me</code>的话会报400错误，显示</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight html\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">The plain HTTP request was sent to HTTPS port</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>所以我们需要将http的请求强制使用https访问，最方便的办法是启用HSTS，在nginx的配置中添加</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight armasm\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">add_header </span><span class=\"keyword\">Strict-Transport-Security </span><span class=\"string\">\"max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains\"</span><span class=\"comment\">;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样只要是支持HSTS的浏览器，就可以自动完成http到https的替换，而且是直接在浏览器本地完成的，对于不支持的浏览器，只能在服务器做重定向了，继续在Nginx配置中添加一条规则</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight nginx\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attribute\">error_page</span> <span class=\"number\">497</span>  https://<span class=\"variable\">$host</span><span class=\"variable\">$uri</span>;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样我们的网站就已经完全支持了HTTPS访问，可以在这个网站<a href=\"https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html</a>对网页进行安全评测，如果评分不够高的话可以再看看如何<a href=\"http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">加强nginx的SSL安全</a>。</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/ssl.png\" alt=\"/img/ssl.png\"></p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://codybonney.com/installing-nginx-on-centos-6-4/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://codybonney.com/installing-nginx-on-centos-6-4/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91Centos6%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AENodejs%E3%80%81Nginx%E3%80%81Hexo%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/阿里云Centos6安装配置Nodejs、Nginx、Hexo操作记录/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.barretlee.com/blog/2015/10/05/how-to-build-a-https-server/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.barretlee.com/blog/2015/10/05/how-to-build-a-https-server/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://imququ.com/post/switch-to-https.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://imququ.com/post/switch-to-https.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://imququ.com/post/sth-about-switch-to-https.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://imququ.com/post/sth-about-switch-to-https.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ha97.com/5194.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.ha97.com/5194.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.cnblogs.com/yanghuahui/archive/2012/06/25/2561568.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.cnblogs.com/yanghuahui/archive/2012/06/25/2561568.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.codeceo.com/article/nginx-ssl-nodejs.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.codeceo.com/article/nginx-ssl-nodejs.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ttlsa.com/nginx/nginx-node-js/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.ttlsa.com/nginx/nginx-node-js/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://blog.csdn.net/wzy_1988/article/details/8549290\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://blog.csdn.net/wzy_1988/article/details/8549290</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.tutugreen.com/wordpress/upgrade-ssl/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.tutugreen.com/wordpress/upgrade-ssl/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://blog.jobbole.com/44844/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://blog.jobbole.com/44844/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://blog.jobbole.com/80591/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://blog.jobbole.com/80591/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://imququ.com/post/my-nginx-conf-for-wpo.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://imququ.com/post/my-nginx-conf-for-wpo.html</a></li>\n</ul>\n","excerpt":"<p>今天给服务器安装了Nginx，并配置了SSL，网址左边终于有了萌萌哒的小绿锁，这里还是做一下记录。</p>","more":"<p>先是安装Nginx</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm</div><div class=\"line\">$ rpm -ivh nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum install nginx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>启动Nginx</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ systemctl start nginx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样Nginx服务就已经启动完成了，输入服务器ip地址就可以看到Nginx主页，然后我们需要把Hexo服务的4000端口转发到Nginx的80端口，查看Nginx配置文件<code>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf</code>，看到需要修改<code>conf.d</code>目录下的<code>/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf</code>文件</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight tp\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">server &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    listen       <span class=\"number\">80</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    location / &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_pass          http:<span class=\"comment\">//127.0.0.1:4000/;</span></div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_redirect      off;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_set_header    <span class=\"keyword\">X</span>-Real-IP       <span class=\"variable\">$remote_addr</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_set_header    <span class=\"keyword\">X</span>-Forwarded-For <span class=\"variable\">$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    &#125;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    ...</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>重启Nginx</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ systemctl restart nginx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>现在访问网站，在响应头里就可以看到<code>Server:nginx/1.8.0</code>，说明Nginx环境已经正常了，下面准备搞上HTTPS。</p>\n<p>这里就不详述HTTPS的原理了，对我们这个小博客而言，搞个免费的SSL证书就可以了，这里推荐<a href=\"https://startssl.com/\">https://startssl.com/</a>或者<a href=\"https://www.wosign.com/\">https://www.wosign.com/</a>，申请成功后把下载下来的对应版本的证书文件上传到服务器上，包含公钥<code>xx.crt</code>和私钥<code>xx.key</code>。</p>\n<p>然后编辑<code>/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight stata\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div><div class=\"line\">14</div><div class=\"line\">15</div><div class=\"line\">16</div><div class=\"line\">17</div><div class=\"line\">18</div><div class=\"line\">19</div><div class=\"line\">20</div><div class=\"line\">21</div><div class=\"line\">22</div><div class=\"line\">23</div><div class=\"line\">24</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">server &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    listen       80;</div><div class=\"line\">    listen       443 ssl;</div><div class=\"line\">    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    ssl <span class=\"keyword\">on</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/<span class=\"keyword\">conf</span>.<span class=\"keyword\">d</span>/ppxu.crt;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/<span class=\"keyword\">conf</span>.<span class=\"keyword\">d</span>/ppxu.key;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_ciphers 'AES128+EECDH:AES128+EDH:!aNULL';</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers <span class=\"keyword\">on</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_session_timeout 10m;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_stapling <span class=\"keyword\">on</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    ssl_stapling_verify <span class=\"keyword\">on</span>;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    location / &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_pass          http:<span class=\"comment\">//127.0.0.1:4000/;</span></div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_redirect      off;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP       <span class=\"variable\">$remote_addr</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-<span class=\"keyword\">For</span> <span class=\"variable\">$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    &#125;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    ...</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>重启Nginx，如果一切顺利，现在就可以通过<code>https://ppxu.me</code>访问到本网站了，但是如果直接输入<code>ppxu.me</code>的话会报400错误，显示</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight html\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">The plain HTTP request was sent to HTTPS port</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>所以我们需要将http的请求强制使用https访问，最方便的办法是启用HSTS，在nginx的配置中添加</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight armasm\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">add_header </span><span class=\"keyword\">Strict-Transport-Security </span><span class=\"string\">\"max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains\"</span><span class=\"comment\">;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样只要是支持HSTS的浏览器，就可以自动完成http到https的替换，而且是直接在浏览器本地完成的，对于不支持的浏览器，只能在服务器做重定向了，继续在Nginx配置中添加一条规则</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight nginx\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attribute\">error_page</span> <span class=\"number\">497</span>  https://<span class=\"variable\">$host</span><span class=\"variable\">$uri</span>;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样我们的网站就已经完全支持了HTTPS访问，可以在这个网站<a href=\"https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html\">https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html</a>对网页进行安全评测，如果评分不够高的话可以再看看如何<a href=\"http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx\">加强nginx的SSL安全</a>。</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/ssl.png\" alt=\"/img/ssl.png\"></p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://codybonney.com/installing-nginx-on-centos-6-4/\">http://codybonney.com/installing-nginx-on-centos-6-4/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91Centos6%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AENodejs%E3%80%81Nginx%E3%80%81Hexo%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/\">http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/阿里云Centos6安装配置Nodejs、Nginx、Hexo操作记录/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.barretlee.com/blog/2015/10/05/how-to-build-a-https-server/\">http://www.barretlee.com/blog/2015/10/05/how-to-build-a-https-server/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://imququ.com/post/switch-to-https.html\">https://imququ.com/post/switch-to-https.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://imququ.com/post/sth-about-switch-to-https.html\">https://imququ.com/post/sth-about-switch-to-https.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ha97.com/5194.html\">http://www.ha97.com/5194.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.cnblogs.com/yanghuahui/archive/2012/06/25/2561568.html\">http://www.cnblogs.com/yanghuahui/archive/2012/06/25/2561568.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.codeceo.com/article/nginx-ssl-nodejs.html\">http://www.codeceo.com/article/nginx-ssl-nodejs.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.ttlsa.com/nginx/nginx-node-js/\">http://www.ttlsa.com/nginx/nginx-node-js/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://blog.csdn.net/wzy_1988/article/details/8549290\">http://blog.csdn.net/wzy_1988/article/details/8549290</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.tutugreen.com/wordpress/upgrade-ssl/\">http://www.tutugreen.com/wordpress/upgrade-ssl/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx\">http://www.oschina.net/translate/strong_ssl_security_on_nginx</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://blog.jobbole.com/44844/\">http://blog.jobbole.com/44844/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://blog.jobbole.com/80591/\">http://blog.jobbole.com/80591/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://imququ.com/post/my-nginx-conf-for-wpo.html\">https://imququ.com/post/my-nginx-conf-for-wpo.html</a></li>\n</ul>"},{"title":"让Hexo支持emoji表情","date":"2015-12-24T13:23:43.000Z","_content":"Hexo的文章内容默认是不支持emoji表情的，作为一个有逼格的码农，怎么少得了丰富的表情语言，今天就研究了下怎么支持emoji。\n\n<!--more-->\n\nHexo默认的markdown编译插件是[hexo-renderer-marked](https://github.com/hexojs/hexo-renderer-marked)，看了一下相关文档，好像没办法支持emoji，还好在Hexo的[plugins](https://hexo.io/plugins/)页，我们找到了另外一个markdown插件[hexo-renderer-markdown-it](https://github.com/celsomiranda/hexo-renderer-markdown-it)，而且号称速度比默认的还要快，最主要的是，在[markdown-it](https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it)的文档里面，我们发现它可以通过plugins的方式支持[emoji](https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it-emoji)。\n\n下面我们就来替换markdown插件\n\n``` bash\n$ cd /ppxu/blog/\n$ npm un hexo-renderer-marked --save\n$ npm i hexo-renderer-markdown-it --save\n```\n\n不过此时的hexo-renderer-markdown-it还是用不了emoji的，我们需要加上emoji的plugin\n\n``` bash\n$ cd node_modules/hexo-renderer-markdown-it/\n$ npm install markdown-it-emoji --save\n```\n\n然后编辑Hexo的配置文件`_config.yml`\n\n```\nmarkdown:\n  render:\n    html: true\n    xhtmlOut: false\n    breaks: false\n    linkify: true\n    typographer: true\n    quotes: '“”‘’'\n  plugins:\n    - markdown-it-footnote\n    - markdown-it-sup\n    - markdown-it-sub\n    - markdown-it-abbr\n    - markdown-it-emoji\n  anchors:\n    level: 2\n    collisionSuffix: 'v'\n    permalink: true\n    permalinkClass: header-anchor\n    permalinkSymbol: ¶\n```\n\n关键就是在plugins里加上`- markdown-it-emoji`，其他的配置说明可以参见[wiki](https://github.com/celsomiranda/hexo-renderer-markdown-it/wiki/Advanced-Configuration)。\n\n重启Hexo服务，即可生效，这里输入`:smile: :smirk: :relieved:`，效果 :smile: :smirk: :relieved:\n\n当然直接输入表情也是可以的 😂\n","source":"_posts/enable-emoji-in-hexo.md","raw":"title: 让Hexo支持emoji表情\ndate: 2015-12-24 21:23:43\ncategories: blog\ntags: [hexo, markdown, emoji]\n---\nHexo的文章内容默认是不支持emoji表情的，作为一个有逼格的码农，怎么少得了丰富的表情语言，今天就研究了下怎么支持emoji。\n\n<!--more-->\n\nHexo默认的markdown编译插件是[hexo-renderer-marked](https://github.com/hexojs/hexo-renderer-marked)，看了一下相关文档，好像没办法支持emoji，还好在Hexo的[plugins](https://hexo.io/plugins/)页，我们找到了另外一个markdown插件[hexo-renderer-markdown-it](https://github.com/celsomiranda/hexo-renderer-markdown-it)，而且号称速度比默认的还要快，最主要的是，在[markdown-it](https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it)的文档里面，我们发现它可以通过plugins的方式支持[emoji](https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it-emoji)。\n\n下面我们就来替换markdown插件\n\n``` bash\n$ cd /ppxu/blog/\n$ npm un hexo-renderer-marked --save\n$ npm i hexo-renderer-markdown-it --save\n```\n\n不过此时的hexo-renderer-markdown-it还是用不了emoji的，我们需要加上emoji的plugin\n\n``` bash\n$ cd node_modules/hexo-renderer-markdown-it/\n$ npm install markdown-it-emoji --save\n```\n\n然后编辑Hexo的配置文件`_config.yml`\n\n```\nmarkdown:\n  render:\n    html: true\n    xhtmlOut: false\n    breaks: false\n    linkify: true\n    typographer: true\n    quotes: '“”‘’'\n  plugins:\n    - markdown-it-footnote\n    - markdown-it-sup\n    - markdown-it-sub\n    - markdown-it-abbr\n    - markdown-it-emoji\n  anchors:\n    level: 2\n    collisionSuffix: 'v'\n    permalink: true\n    permalinkClass: header-anchor\n    permalinkSymbol: ¶\n```\n\n关键就是在plugins里加上`- markdown-it-emoji`，其他的配置说明可以参见[wiki](https://github.com/celsomiranda/hexo-renderer-markdown-it/wiki/Advanced-Configuration)。\n\n重启Hexo服务，即可生效，这里输入`:smile: :smirk: :relieved:`，效果 :smile: :smirk: :relieved:\n\n当然直接输入表情也是可以的 😂\n","slug":"enable-emoji-in-hexo","published":1,"updated":"2015-12-26T14:07:19.000Z","comments":1,"layout":"post","photos":[],"link":"","_id":"cizf7sio60005a3xxp6xvf9ok","content":"<p>Hexo的文章内容默认是不支持emoji表情的，作为一个有逼格的码农，怎么少得了丰富的表情语言，今天就研究了下怎么支持emoji。</p>\n<a id=\"more\"></a>\n<p>Hexo默认的markdown编译插件是<a href=\"https://github.com/hexojs/hexo-renderer-marked\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">hexo-renderer-marked</a>，看了一下相关文档，好像没办法支持emoji，还好在Hexo的<a href=\"https://hexo.io/plugins/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">plugins</a>页，我们找到了另外一个markdown插件<a href=\"https://github.com/celsomiranda/hexo-renderer-markdown-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">hexo-renderer-markdown-it</a>，而且号称速度比默认的还要快，最主要的是，在<a href=\"https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">markdown-it</a>的文档里面，我们发现它可以通过plugins的方式支持<a href=\"https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it-emoji\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">emoji</a>。</p>\n<p>下面我们就来替换markdown插件</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /ppxu/blog/</div><div class=\"line\">$ npm un hexo-renderer-marked --save</div><div class=\"line\">$ npm i hexo-renderer-markdown-it --save</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>不过此时的hexo-renderer-markdown-it还是用不了emoji的，我们需要加上emoji的plugin</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> node_modules/hexo-renderer-markdown-it/</div><div class=\"line\">$ npm install markdown-it-emoji --save</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>然后编辑Hexo的配置文件<code>_config.yml</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight yaml\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div><div class=\"line\">14</div><div class=\"line\">15</div><div class=\"line\">16</div><div class=\"line\">17</div><div class=\"line\">18</div><div class=\"line\">19</div><div class=\"line\">20</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">markdown:</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">  render:</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    html:</span> <span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    xhtmlOut:</span> <span class=\"literal\">false</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    breaks:</span> <span class=\"literal\">false</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    linkify:</span> <span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    typographer:</span> <span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    quotes:</span> <span class=\"string\">'“”‘’'</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">  plugins:</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"bullet\">    -</span> markdown-it-footnote</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"bullet\">    -</span> markdown-it-sup</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"bullet\">    -</span> markdown-it-sub</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"bullet\">    -</span> markdown-it-abbr</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"bullet\">    -</span> markdown-it-emoji</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">  anchors:</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    level:</span> <span class=\"number\">2</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    collisionSuffix:</span> <span class=\"string\">'v'</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    permalink:</span> <span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    permalinkClass:</span> header-anchor</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    permalinkSymbol:</span> ¶</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>关键就是在plugins里加上<code>- markdown-it-emoji</code>，其他的配置说明可以参见<a href=\"https://github.com/celsomiranda/hexo-renderer-markdown-it/wiki/Advanced-Configuration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">wiki</a>。</p>\n<p>重启Hexo服务，即可生效，这里输入<code>:smile: :smirk: :relieved:</code>，效果 😄 😏 😌</p>\n<p>当然直接输入表情也是可以的 😂</p>\n","excerpt":"<p>Hexo的文章内容默认是不支持emoji表情的，作为一个有逼格的码农，怎么少得了丰富的表情语言，今天就研究了下怎么支持emoji。</p>","more":"<p>Hexo默认的markdown编译插件是<a href=\"https://github.com/hexojs/hexo-renderer-marked\">hexo-renderer-marked</a>，看了一下相关文档，好像没办法支持emoji，还好在Hexo的<a href=\"https://hexo.io/plugins/\">plugins</a>页，我们找到了另外一个markdown插件<a href=\"https://github.com/celsomiranda/hexo-renderer-markdown-it\">hexo-renderer-markdown-it</a>，而且号称速度比默认的还要快，最主要的是，在<a href=\"https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it\">markdown-it</a>的文档里面，我们发现它可以通过plugins的方式支持<a href=\"https://github.com/markdown-it/markdown-it-emoji\">emoji</a>。</p>\n<p>下面我们就来替换markdown插件</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /ppxu/blog/</div><div class=\"line\">$ npm un hexo-renderer-marked --save</div><div class=\"line\">$ npm i hexo-renderer-markdown-it --save</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>不过此时的hexo-renderer-markdown-it还是用不了emoji的，我们需要加上emoji的plugin</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> node_modules/hexo-renderer-markdown-it/</div><div class=\"line\">$ npm install markdown-it-emoji --save</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>然后编辑Hexo的配置文件<code>_config.yml</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight yaml\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div><div class=\"line\">14</div><div class=\"line\">15</div><div class=\"line\">16</div><div class=\"line\">17</div><div class=\"line\">18</div><div class=\"line\">19</div><div class=\"line\">20</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">markdown:</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">  render:</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    html:</span> <span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    xhtmlOut:</span> <span class=\"literal\">false</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    breaks:</span> <span class=\"literal\">false</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    linkify:</span> <span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    typographer:</span> <span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    quotes:</span> <span class=\"string\">'“”‘’'</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">  plugins:</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"bullet\">    -</span> markdown-it-footnote</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"bullet\">    -</span> markdown-it-sup</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"bullet\">    -</span> markdown-it-sub</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"bullet\">    -</span> markdown-it-abbr</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"bullet\">    -</span> markdown-it-emoji</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">  anchors:</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    level:</span> <span class=\"number\">2</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    collisionSuffix:</span> <span class=\"string\">'v'</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    permalink:</span> <span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    permalinkClass:</span> header-anchor</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">    permalinkSymbol:</span> ¶</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>关键就是在plugins里加上<code>- markdown-it-emoji</code>，其他的配置说明可以参见<a href=\"https://github.com/celsomiranda/hexo-renderer-markdown-it/wiki/Advanced-Configuration\">wiki</a>。</p>\n<p>重启Hexo服务，即可生效，这里输入<code>:smile: :smirk: :relieved:</code>，效果 😄 😏 😌</p>\n<p>当然直接输入表情也是可以的 😂</p>"},{"title":"Hello World","_content":"Welcome to [Hexo](http://hexo.io/)! This is your very first post. Check [documentation](http://hexo.io/docs/) for more info. If you get any problems when using Hexo, you can find the answer in [troubleshooting](http://hexo.io/docs/troubleshooting.html) or you can ask me on [GitHub](https://github.com/hexojs/hexo/issues).\n\n## Quick Start\n\n### Create a new post\n\n``` bash\n$ hexo new \"My New Post\"\n```\n\nMore info: [Writing](http://hexo.io/docs/writing.html)\n\n### Run server\n\n``` bash\n$ hexo server\n```\n\nMore info: [Server](http://hexo.io/docs/server.html)\n\n### Generate static files\n\n``` bash\n$ hexo generate\n```\n\nMore info: [Generating](http://hexo.io/docs/generating.html)\n\n### Deploy to remote sites\n\n``` bash\n$ hexo deploy\n```\n\nMore info: [Deployment](http://hexo.io/docs/deployment.html)\n","source":"_posts/hello-world.md","raw":"title: Hello World\n---\nWelcome to [Hexo](http://hexo.io/)! This is your very first post. Check [documentation](http://hexo.io/docs/) for more info. If you get any problems when using Hexo, you can find the answer in [troubleshooting](http://hexo.io/docs/troubleshooting.html) or you can ask me on [GitHub](https://github.com/hexojs/hexo/issues).\n\n## Quick Start\n\n### Create a new post\n\n``` bash\n$ hexo new \"My New Post\"\n```\n\nMore info: [Writing](http://hexo.io/docs/writing.html)\n\n### Run server\n\n``` bash\n$ hexo server\n```\n\nMore info: [Server](http://hexo.io/docs/server.html)\n\n### Generate static files\n\n``` bash\n$ hexo generate\n```\n\nMore info: [Generating](http://hexo.io/docs/generating.html)\n\n### Deploy to remote sites\n\n``` bash\n$ hexo deploy\n```\n\nMore info: [Deployment](http://hexo.io/docs/deployment.html)\n","slug":"hello-world","published":1,"date":"2015-12-18T14:31:17.000Z","updated":"2015-12-18T14:31:17.000Z","comments":1,"layout":"post","photos":[],"link":"","_id":"cizf7sio90006a3xxki6j0txi","content":"<p>Welcome to <a href=\"http://hexo.io/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Hexo</a>! This is your very first post. Check <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">documentation</a> for more info. If you get any problems when using Hexo, you can find the answer in <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/troubleshooting.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">troubleshooting</a> or you can ask me on <a href=\"https://github.com/hexojs/hexo/issues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">GitHub</a>.</p>\n<h2 id=\"quick-start\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#quick-start\">¶</a>Quick Start</h2>\n<h3 id=\"create-a-new-post\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#create-a-new-post\">¶</a>Create a new post</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ hexo new <span class=\"string\">\"My New Post\"</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>More info: <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/writing.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Writing</a></p>\n<h3 id=\"run-server\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#run-server\">¶</a>Run server</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ hexo server</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>More info: <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/server.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Server</a></p>\n<h3 id=\"generate-static-files\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#generate-static-files\">¶</a>Generate static files</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ hexo generate</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>More info: <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/generating.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Generating</a></p>\n<h3 id=\"deploy-to-remote-sites\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#deploy-to-remote-sites\">¶</a>Deploy to remote sites</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ hexo deploy</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>More info: <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/deployment.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Deployment</a></p>\n","excerpt":"","more":"<p>Welcome to <a href=\"http://hexo.io/\">Hexo</a>! This is your very first post. Check <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/\">documentation</a> for more info. If you get any problems when using Hexo, you can find the answer in <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/troubleshooting.html\">troubleshooting</a> or you can ask me on <a href=\"https://github.com/hexojs/hexo/issues\">GitHub</a>.</p>\n<h2 id=\"quick-start\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#quick-start\">¶</a>Quick Start</h2>\n<h3 id=\"create-a-new-post\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#create-a-new-post\">¶</a>Create a new post</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ hexo new <span class=\"string\">\"My New Post\"</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>More info: <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/writing.html\">Writing</a></p>\n<h3 id=\"run-server\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#run-server\">¶</a>Run server</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ hexo server</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>More info: <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/server.html\">Server</a></p>\n<h3 id=\"generate-static-files\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#generate-static-files\">¶</a>Generate static files</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ hexo generate</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>More info: <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/generating.html\">Generating</a></p>\n<h3 id=\"deploy-to-remote-sites\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#deploy-to-remote-sites\">¶</a>Deploy to remote sites</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ hexo deploy</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>More info: <a href=\"http://hexo.io/docs/deployment.html\">Deployment</a></p>\n"},{"title":"阿里云ECS搭建Hexo博客","date":"2015-12-19T02:31:27.000Z","_content":"最近刚撸了个阿里云ECS服务器来折腾，先搭个Hexo博客耍耍，这里记录一下操作步骤。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n撸主选的是最便宜的阿里云ECS，应付日常小撸妥妥的，具体配置如下：\n\n```\nCPU：1核\n内存：1024MB\n操作系统：CentOS 7.2 64位\n带宽：1Mbps\n```\n\n下面是具体的步骤：\n\n* 连接服务器\n\n``` bash\n$ ssh root@xx.xx.xx.xx\n```\n\n* 安装Nodejs环境\n\n  * 更新软件源\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ yum -y update\n  ```\n\n  * 下载Node.js\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ cd /usr/local/src\n  $ wget http://nodejs.org/dist/node-latest.tar.gz\n  ```\n\n  * 解压\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ tar zxf node-latest.tar.gz\n  $ cd node-v*.*.*\n  ```\n\n  * 编译安装\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ ./configure\n  $ make && make install\n  ```\n\n  * 确认安装成功\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ node -v\n  $ npm -v\n  ```\n\n* 安装Hexo\n\n``` bash\n$ npm install -g hexo-cli\n$ hexo init blog\n$ cd blog\n$ npm install\n```\n\n* 启动Hexo\n\n``` bash\n$ hexo server    //普通启动\n$ hexo server &  //静默启动\n```\n\n启动成功后就可以通过服务器的ip地址`xx.xx.xx.xx:4000`访问到页面了，然后把4000转到80上，通常做法是用Nginx做反向代理，这里先用iptables防火墙简单做一下转发处理。\n\n* 转到80端口\n\n编辑iptables文件\n\n``` bash\n$ vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables\n```\n\n加上下面这段\n\n```\n-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT\n-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 4000 -j ACCEPT\n\n*nat\n-A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 4000\nCOMMIT\n```\n\n重启iptables服务\n\n``` bash\n$ service iptables restart\n```\n\n这时发现报错了\n\n```\nFailed to restart iptables.service: Unit iptables.service failed to load: No such file or directory.\n```\n\n查了一下原来是CentOS 7中的防火墙改成了firewalld，这里先换回iptables。\n\n``` bash\n$ systemctl stop firewalld\n$ systemctl mask firewalld\n$ yum install iptables-services\n$ systemctl enable iptables\n$ service start iptables\n```\n\n这样就可以通过ip地址`xx.xx.xx.xx`直接访问网站了。\n\n* 域名解析\n\n再撸个域名`ppxu.me`，把`@`和`www`都解析到服务器ip地址就可以了。\n\n* git管理\n\n再配置一下git环境，以后就可以通过git来管理内容了。\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/index.html](https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/index.html)\n* [http://wsgzao.github.io/post/hexo-guide/](http://wsgzao.github.io/post/hexo-guide/)\n* [http://zipperary.com/categories/hexo/](http://zipperary.com/categories/hexo/)\n* [http://www.jianshu.com/p/73779eacb494](http://www.jianshu.com/p/73779eacb494)\n* [http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/阿里云Centos6安装配置Nodejs、Nginx、Hexo操作记录/](http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91Centos6%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AENodejs%E3%80%81Nginx%E3%80%81Hexo%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/)\n* [http://codybonney.com/installing-node-js-0-10-24-on-centos-6-4/](http://codybonney.com/installing-node-js-0-10-24-on-centos-6-4/)\n* [http://codybonney.com/redirect-port-80-to-another-port-using-iptables-on-centos/](http://codybonney.com/redirect-port-80-to-another-port-using-iptables-on-centos/)\n* [http://www.vkilo.com/rhel-7-iptables-service.html](http://www.vkilo.com/rhel-7-iptables-service.html)\n","source":"_posts/install-nodejs-and-hexo-in-aliyun-centos.md","raw":"title: 阿里云ECS搭建Hexo博客\ndate: 2015-12-19 10:31:27\ncategories: blog\ntags: [aliyun, ecs, centos, nodejs, hexo, blog]\n---\n最近刚撸了个阿里云ECS服务器来折腾，先搭个Hexo博客耍耍，这里记录一下操作步骤。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n撸主选的是最便宜的阿里云ECS，应付日常小撸妥妥的，具体配置如下：\n\n```\nCPU：1核\n内存：1024MB\n操作系统：CentOS 7.2 64位\n带宽：1Mbps\n```\n\n下面是具体的步骤：\n\n* 连接服务器\n\n``` bash\n$ ssh root@xx.xx.xx.xx\n```\n\n* 安装Nodejs环境\n\n  * 更新软件源\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ yum -y update\n  ```\n\n  * 下载Node.js\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ cd /usr/local/src\n  $ wget http://nodejs.org/dist/node-latest.tar.gz\n  ```\n\n  * 解压\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ tar zxf node-latest.tar.gz\n  $ cd node-v*.*.*\n  ```\n\n  * 编译安装\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ ./configure\n  $ make && make install\n  ```\n\n  * 确认安装成功\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ node -v\n  $ npm -v\n  ```\n\n* 安装Hexo\n\n``` bash\n$ npm install -g hexo-cli\n$ hexo init blog\n$ cd blog\n$ npm install\n```\n\n* 启动Hexo\n\n``` bash\n$ hexo server    //普通启动\n$ hexo server &  //静默启动\n```\n\n启动成功后就可以通过服务器的ip地址`xx.xx.xx.xx:4000`访问到页面了，然后把4000转到80上，通常做法是用Nginx做反向代理，这里先用iptables防火墙简单做一下转发处理。\n\n* 转到80端口\n\n编辑iptables文件\n\n``` bash\n$ vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables\n```\n\n加上下面这段\n\n```\n-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT\n-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 4000 -j ACCEPT\n\n*nat\n-A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 4000\nCOMMIT\n```\n\n重启iptables服务\n\n``` bash\n$ service iptables restart\n```\n\n这时发现报错了\n\n```\nFailed to restart iptables.service: Unit iptables.service failed to load: No such file or directory.\n```\n\n查了一下原来是CentOS 7中的防火墙改成了firewalld，这里先换回iptables。\n\n``` bash\n$ systemctl stop firewalld\n$ systemctl mask firewalld\n$ yum install iptables-services\n$ systemctl enable iptables\n$ service start iptables\n```\n\n这样就可以通过ip地址`xx.xx.xx.xx`直接访问网站了。\n\n* 域名解析\n\n再撸个域名`ppxu.me`，把`@`和`www`都解析到服务器ip地址就可以了。\n\n* git管理\n\n再配置一下git环境，以后就可以通过git来管理内容了。\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/index.html](https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/index.html)\n* [http://wsgzao.github.io/post/hexo-guide/](http://wsgzao.github.io/post/hexo-guide/)\n* [http://zipperary.com/categories/hexo/](http://zipperary.com/categories/hexo/)\n* [http://www.jianshu.com/p/73779eacb494](http://www.jianshu.com/p/73779eacb494)\n* [http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/阿里云Centos6安装配置Nodejs、Nginx、Hexo操作记录/](http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91Centos6%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AENodejs%E3%80%81Nginx%E3%80%81Hexo%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/)\n* [http://codybonney.com/installing-node-js-0-10-24-on-centos-6-4/](http://codybonney.com/installing-node-js-0-10-24-on-centos-6-4/)\n* [http://codybonney.com/redirect-port-80-to-another-port-using-iptables-on-centos/](http://codybonney.com/redirect-port-80-to-another-port-using-iptables-on-centos/)\n* [http://www.vkilo.com/rhel-7-iptables-service.html](http://www.vkilo.com/rhel-7-iptables-service.html)\n","slug":"install-nodejs-and-hexo-in-aliyun-centos","published":1,"updated":"2015-12-26T13:54:53.000Z","comments":1,"layout":"post","photos":[],"link":"","_id":"cizf7siod0009a3xx8rely9t2","content":"<p>最近刚撸了个阿里云ECS服务器来折腾，先搭个Hexo博客耍耍，这里记录一下操作步骤。</p>\n<a id=\"more\"></a>\n<p>撸主选的是最便宜的阿里云ECS，应付日常小撸妥妥的，具体配置如下：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight lsl\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">CPU：<span class=\"number\">1</span>核</div><div class=\"line\">内存：<span class=\"number\">1024</span>MB</div><div class=\"line\">操作系统：CentOS <span class=\"number\">7.2</span> <span class=\"number\">64</span>位</div><div class=\"line\">带宽：<span class=\"number\">1</span>Mbps</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>下面是具体的步骤：</p>\n<ul>\n<li>连接服务器</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ ssh root@xx.xx.xx.xx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>安装Nodejs环境</p>\n<ul>\n<li>更新软件源</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ yum -y update</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>下载Node.js</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /usr/<span class=\"built_in\">local</span>/src</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://nodejs.org/dist/node-latest.tar.gz</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>解压</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ tar zxf node-latest.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> node-v*.*.*</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>编译安装</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ ./configure</div><div class=\"line\">$ make &amp;&amp; make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>确认安装成功</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ node -v</div><div class=\"line\">$ npm -v</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>安装Hexo</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ npm install -g hexo-cli</div><div class=\"line\">$ hexo init blog</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> blog</div><div class=\"line\">$ npm install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>启动Hexo</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ hexo server    //普通启动</div><div class=\"line\">$ hexo server &amp;  //静默启动</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>启动成功后就可以通过服务器的ip地址<code>xx.xx.xx.xx:4000</code>访问到页面了，然后把4000转到80上，通常做法是用Nginx做反向代理，这里先用iptables防火墙简单做一下转发处理。</p>\n<ul>\n<li>转到80端口</li>\n</ul>\n<p>编辑iptables文件</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>加上下面这段</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight pf\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">-A INPUT -m <span class=\"keyword\">state</span> --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport <span class=\"number\">80</span> -j ACCEPT</div><div class=\"line\">-A INPUT -m <span class=\"keyword\">state</span> --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport <span class=\"number\">4000</span> -j ACCEPT</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">*nat</div><div class=\"line\">-A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport <span class=\"number\">80</span> -j REDIRECT --to-ports <span class=\"number\">4000</span></div><div class=\"line\">COMMIT</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>重启iptables服务</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ service iptables restart</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这时发现报错了</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight livecodeserver\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">Failed <span class=\"built_in\">to</span> restart iptables.service: Unit iptables.service failed <span class=\"built_in\">to</span> <span class=\"built_in\">load</span>: No such <span class=\"built_in\">file</span> <span class=\"keyword\">or</span> <span class=\"built_in\">directory</span>.</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>查了一下原来是CentOS 7中的防火墙改成了firewalld，这里先换回iptables。</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ systemctl stop firewalld</div><div class=\"line\">$ systemctl mask firewalld</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum install iptables-services</div><div class=\"line\">$ systemctl <span class=\"built_in\">enable</span> iptables</div><div class=\"line\">$ service start iptables</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样就可以通过ip地址<code>xx.xx.xx.xx</code>直接访问网站了。</p>\n<ul>\n<li>域名解析</li>\n</ul>\n<p>再撸个域名<code>ppxu.me</code>，把<code>@</code>和<code>www</code>都解析到服务器ip地址就可以了。</p>\n<ul>\n<li>git管理</li>\n</ul>\n<p>再配置一下git环境，以后就可以通过git来管理内容了。</p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/index.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://wsgzao.github.io/post/hexo-guide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://wsgzao.github.io/post/hexo-guide/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://zipperary.com/categories/hexo/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://zipperary.com/categories/hexo/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.jianshu.com/p/73779eacb494\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.jianshu.com/p/73779eacb494</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91Centos6%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AENodejs%E3%80%81Nginx%E3%80%81Hexo%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/阿里云Centos6安装配置Nodejs、Nginx、Hexo操作记录/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://codybonney.com/installing-node-js-0-10-24-on-centos-6-4/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://codybonney.com/installing-node-js-0-10-24-on-centos-6-4/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://codybonney.com/redirect-port-80-to-another-port-using-iptables-on-centos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://codybonney.com/redirect-port-80-to-another-port-using-iptables-on-centos/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.vkilo.com/rhel-7-iptables-service.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.vkilo.com/rhel-7-iptables-service.html</a></li>\n</ul>\n","excerpt":"<p>最近刚撸了个阿里云ECS服务器来折腾，先搭个Hexo博客耍耍，这里记录一下操作步骤。</p>","more":"<p>撸主选的是最便宜的阿里云ECS，应付日常小撸妥妥的，具体配置如下：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight lsl\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">CPU：<span class=\"number\">1</span>核</div><div class=\"line\">内存：<span class=\"number\">1024</span>MB</div><div class=\"line\">操作系统：CentOS <span class=\"number\">7.2</span> <span class=\"number\">64</span>位</div><div class=\"line\">带宽：<span class=\"number\">1</span>Mbps</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>下面是具体的步骤：</p>\n<ul>\n<li>连接服务器</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ ssh root@xx.xx.xx.xx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>安装Nodejs环境</p>\n<ul>\n<li>更新软件源</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ yum -y update</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>下载Node.js</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /usr/<span class=\"built_in\">local</span>/src</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://nodejs.org/dist/node-latest.tar.gz</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>解压</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ tar zxf node-latest.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> node-v*.*.*</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>编译安装</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ ./configure</div><div class=\"line\">$ make &amp;&amp; make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>确认安装成功</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ node -v</div><div class=\"line\">$ npm -v</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>安装Hexo</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ npm install -g hexo-cli</div><div class=\"line\">$ hexo init blog</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> blog</div><div class=\"line\">$ npm install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ul>\n<li>启动Hexo</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ hexo server    //普通启动</div><div class=\"line\">$ hexo server &amp;  //静默启动</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>启动成功后就可以通过服务器的ip地址<code>xx.xx.xx.xx:4000</code>访问到页面了，然后把4000转到80上，通常做法是用Nginx做反向代理，这里先用iptables防火墙简单做一下转发处理。</p>\n<ul>\n<li>转到80端口</li>\n</ul>\n<p>编辑iptables文件</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>加上下面这段</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight pf\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">-A INPUT -m <span class=\"keyword\">state</span> --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport <span class=\"number\">80</span> -j ACCEPT</div><div class=\"line\">-A INPUT -m <span class=\"keyword\">state</span> --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport <span class=\"number\">4000</span> -j ACCEPT</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">*nat</div><div class=\"line\">-A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport <span class=\"number\">80</span> -j REDIRECT --to-ports <span class=\"number\">4000</span></div><div class=\"line\">COMMIT</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>重启iptables服务</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ service iptables restart</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这时发现报错了</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight livecodeserver\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">Failed <span class=\"built_in\">to</span> restart iptables.service: Unit iptables.service failed <span class=\"built_in\">to</span> <span class=\"built_in\">load</span>: No such <span class=\"built_in\">file</span> <span class=\"keyword\">or</span> <span class=\"built_in\">directory</span>.</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>查了一下原来是CentOS 7中的防火墙改成了firewalld，这里先换回iptables。</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ systemctl stop firewalld</div><div class=\"line\">$ systemctl mask firewalld</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum install iptables-services</div><div class=\"line\">$ systemctl <span class=\"built_in\">enable</span> iptables</div><div class=\"line\">$ service start iptables</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样就可以通过ip地址<code>xx.xx.xx.xx</code>直接访问网站了。</p>\n<ul>\n<li>域名解析</li>\n</ul>\n<p>再撸个域名<code>ppxu.me</code>，把<code>@</code>和<code>www</code>都解析到服务器ip地址就可以了。</p>\n<ul>\n<li>git管理</li>\n</ul>\n<p>再配置一下git环境，以后就可以通过git来管理内容了。</p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/index.html\">https://hexo.io/zh-cn/docs/index.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://wsgzao.github.io/post/hexo-guide/\">http://wsgzao.github.io/post/hexo-guide/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://zipperary.com/categories/hexo/\">http://zipperary.com/categories/hexo/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.jianshu.com/p/73779eacb494\">http://www.jianshu.com/p/73779eacb494</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%91Centos6%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AENodejs%E3%80%81Nginx%E3%80%81Hexo%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/\">http://www.tuijiankan.com/2015/05/04/阿里云Centos6安装配置Nodejs、Nginx、Hexo操作记录/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://codybonney.com/installing-node-js-0-10-24-on-centos-6-4/\">http://codybonney.com/installing-node-js-0-10-24-on-centos-6-4/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://codybonney.com/redirect-port-80-to-another-port-using-iptables-on-centos/\">http://codybonney.com/redirect-port-80-to-another-port-using-iptables-on-centos/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.vkilo.com/rhel-7-iptables-service.html\">http://www.vkilo.com/rhel-7-iptables-service.html</a></li>\n</ul>"},{"title":"在阿里云服务器上安装ShadowSocks服务","date":"2016-03-29T06:55:04.000Z","_content":"记录一下如何在服务器上安装科学上网工具ShadowSocks，因为没有国外的主机，只好拿阿里云试试手。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n### 安装shadowsocks\n\n``` bash\n$ yum install epel-release\n$ yum update\n$ yum install python-setuptools\n$ easy_install pip\n$ pip install shadowsocks\n```\n\n### 配置shadowsocks\n\n``` bash\n$ vi /etc/shadowsocks.json\n```\n\n输入以下内容\n\n``` json\n{\n  \"server\": \"0.0.0.0\",\n  \"server_port\": 端口号,\n  \"local_address\": \"127.0.0.1\",\n  \"local_port\": 1080,\n  \"password\":\" 你的密码\",\n  \"timeout\": 500,\n  \"method\":\" aes-256-cfb\",\n  \"fast_open\": true\n}\n```\n\n### 启动服务\n\n``` bash\n$ yum install python-setuptools supervisor\n$ easy_install pip\n$ pip install shadowsocks\n```\n\n加入自动启动\n\n``` bash\n$ vi /etc/supervisord.conf\n```\n\n在最后输入\n\n```\n[program:shadowsocks]\ncommand=ssserver -c /etc/shadowsocks.json\nautostart=true\nautorestart=true\nuser=root\n```\n\n刷新\n\n``` bash\n$ sudo chkconfig --add supervisord\n$ sudo chkconfig supervisord on\n$ service supervisord start\n$ supervisorctl reload\n```\n\n最后，重启一下服务器即可，更多的优化手段可以参考下面链接。\n\n#### 参考\n\n* [http://www.linexy.net/archives/digitalocean-build-shadowsocks-services-and-optimization-program/](http://www.linexy.net/archives/digitalocean-build-shadowsocks-services-and-optimization-program/)\n","source":"_posts/install-shadowsocks-service.md","raw":"title: 在阿里云服务器上安装ShadowSocks服务\ndate: 2016-03-29 14:55:04\ncategories: blog\ntags: [aliyun, ecs, centos, shadowsocks]\n---\n记录一下如何在服务器上安装科学上网工具ShadowSocks，因为没有国外的主机，只好拿阿里云试试手。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n### 安装shadowsocks\n\n``` bash\n$ yum install epel-release\n$ yum update\n$ yum install python-setuptools\n$ easy_install pip\n$ pip install shadowsocks\n```\n\n### 配置shadowsocks\n\n``` bash\n$ vi /etc/shadowsocks.json\n```\n\n输入以下内容\n\n``` json\n{\n  \"server\": \"0.0.0.0\",\n  \"server_port\": 端口号,\n  \"local_address\": \"127.0.0.1\",\n  \"local_port\": 1080,\n  \"password\":\" 你的密码\",\n  \"timeout\": 500,\n  \"method\":\" aes-256-cfb\",\n  \"fast_open\": true\n}\n```\n\n### 启动服务\n\n``` bash\n$ yum install python-setuptools supervisor\n$ easy_install pip\n$ pip install shadowsocks\n```\n\n加入自动启动\n\n``` bash\n$ vi /etc/supervisord.conf\n```\n\n在最后输入\n\n```\n[program:shadowsocks]\ncommand=ssserver -c /etc/shadowsocks.json\nautostart=true\nautorestart=true\nuser=root\n```\n\n刷新\n\n``` bash\n$ sudo chkconfig --add supervisord\n$ sudo chkconfig supervisord on\n$ service supervisord start\n$ supervisorctl reload\n```\n\n最后，重启一下服务器即可，更多的优化手段可以参考下面链接。\n\n#### 参考\n\n* [http://www.linexy.net/archives/digitalocean-build-shadowsocks-services-and-optimization-program/](http://www.linexy.net/archives/digitalocean-build-shadowsocks-services-and-optimization-program/)\n","slug":"install-shadowsocks-service","published":1,"updated":"2016-03-29T13:40:47.000Z","comments":1,"layout":"post","photos":[],"link":"","_id":"cizf7sioh000ba3xxnhokh5p0","content":"<p>记录一下如何在服务器上安装科学上网工具ShadowSocks，因为没有国外的主机，只好拿阿里云试试手。</p>\n<a id=\"more\"></a>\n<h3 id=\"安装shadowsocks\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#安装shadowsocks\">¶</a>安装shadowsocks</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ yum install epel-release</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum update</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum install python-setuptools</div><div class=\"line\">$ easy_install pip</div><div class=\"line\">$ pip install shadowsocks</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h3 id=\"配置shadowsocks\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#配置shadowsocks\">¶</a>配置shadowsocks</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ vi /etc/shadowsocks.json</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>输入以下内容</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight json\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"server\"</span>: <span class=\"string\">\"0.0.0.0\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"server_port\"</span>: 端口号,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"local_address\"</span>: <span class=\"string\">\"127.0.0.1\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"local_port\"</span>: <span class=\"number\">1080</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"password\"</span>:<span class=\"string\">\" 你的密码\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"timeout\"</span>: <span class=\"number\">500</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"method\"</span>:<span class=\"string\">\" aes-256-cfb\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"fast_open\"</span>: <span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h3 id=\"启动服务\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#启动服务\">¶</a>启动服务</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ yum install python-setuptools supervisor</div><div class=\"line\">$ easy_install pip</div><div class=\"line\">$ pip install shadowsocks</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>加入自动启动</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ vi /etc/supervisord.conf</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>在最后输入</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ini\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"section\">[program:shadowsocks]</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">command</span>=ssserver -c /etc/shadowsocks.json</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">autostart</span>=<span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">autorestart</span>=<span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">user</span>=root</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>刷新</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ sudo chkconfig --add supervisord</div><div class=\"line\">$ sudo chkconfig supervisord on</div><div class=\"line\">$ service supervisord start</div><div class=\"line\">$ supervisorctl reload</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>最后，重启一下服务器即可，更多的优化手段可以参考下面链接。</p>\n<h4 id=\"参考\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考\">¶</a>参考</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.linexy.net/archives/digitalocean-build-shadowsocks-services-and-optimization-program/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.linexy.net/archives/digitalocean-build-shadowsocks-services-and-optimization-program/</a></li>\n</ul>\n","excerpt":"<p>记录一下如何在服务器上安装科学上网工具ShadowSocks，因为没有国外的主机，只好拿阿里云试试手。</p>","more":"<h3 id=\"安装shadowsocks\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#安装shadowsocks\">¶</a>安装shadowsocks</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ yum install epel-release</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum update</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum install python-setuptools</div><div class=\"line\">$ easy_install pip</div><div class=\"line\">$ pip install shadowsocks</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h3 id=\"配置shadowsocks\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#配置shadowsocks\">¶</a>配置shadowsocks</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ vi /etc/shadowsocks.json</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>输入以下内容</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight json\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"server\"</span>: <span class=\"string\">\"0.0.0.0\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"server_port\"</span>: 端口号,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"local_address\"</span>: <span class=\"string\">\"127.0.0.1\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"local_port\"</span>: <span class=\"number\">1080</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"password\"</span>:<span class=\"string\">\" 你的密码\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"timeout\"</span>: <span class=\"number\">500</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"method\"</span>:<span class=\"string\">\" aes-256-cfb\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"fast_open\"</span>: <span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h3 id=\"启动服务\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#启动服务\">¶</a>启动服务</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ yum install python-setuptools supervisor</div><div class=\"line\">$ easy_install pip</div><div class=\"line\">$ pip install shadowsocks</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>加入自动启动</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ vi /etc/supervisord.conf</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>在最后输入</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ini\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"section\">[program:shadowsocks]</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">command</span>=ssserver -c /etc/shadowsocks.json</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">autostart</span>=<span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">autorestart</span>=<span class=\"literal\">true</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"attr\">user</span>=root</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>刷新</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ sudo chkconfig --add supervisord</div><div class=\"line\">$ sudo chkconfig supervisord on</div><div class=\"line\">$ service supervisord start</div><div class=\"line\">$ supervisorctl reload</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>最后，重启一下服务器即可，更多的优化手段可以参考下面链接。</p>\n<h4 id=\"参考\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考\">¶</a>参考</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.linexy.net/archives/digitalocean-build-shadowsocks-services-and-optimization-program/\">http://www.linexy.net/archives/digitalocean-build-shadowsocks-services-and-optimization-program/</a></li>\n</ul>"},{"title":"Electron快速上手（译）","date":"2016-01-31T13:20:40.000Z","_content":"Electron可以让你使用纯JavaScript创建桌面应用程序，它提供了一个包含丰富的原生（操作系统）API的运行时。你可以把它看作是一个Node.js运行时的变体，只不过它是专注于桌面应用程序而不是web服务器。\n\n这并不是说Electron是一个操作图形用户界面（GUI）库的JavaScript工具，实际上，Electron使用网页作为它的GUI，因此你也可以把它看作是一个精简版的Chromium浏览器，通过JavaScript来控制。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n### 主进程\n\n在Electron中，运行`package.json`中的`main`脚本的进程叫作主进程（the main process）。主进程中运行的脚本可以通过创建网页来显示一个GUI界面。\n\n### 渲染进程\n\n由于Electron使用Chromium来显示网页，Chromium的多线程架构也用到了。Electron中的每一个网页都在一个独立的进程中运行，即渲染进程（the renderer process）。\n\n在普通的浏览器中，网页通常是在一个沙箱环境中运行，不允许访问本地资源。不过使用Electron就可以在网页中利用Node.js的API来实现一些初级的操作系统交互。\n\n### 主进程和渲染进程的区别\n\n主进程通过创建`BrowserWindow`实例来生成网页，每个`BrowserWindow`实例在它自己的渲染进程中运行网页。当一个`BrowserWindow`实例销毁时，对应的渲染进程也被终止。\n\n主进程管理所有的网页和它们相对应的渲染进程，每个渲染进程是独立的，只须关心在它上面运行的网页。\n\n在网页中调用原生的GUI相关API是不允许的，因为在网页中管理原生GUI资源是十分危险的，很容易泄露资源。如果你想在网页中操作GUI，该网页的渲染进程必须要和主进程通信，请求在主进程上进行这些操作。\n\n在Electron中，我们提供了[ipc](http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/api/ipc-renderer)模块用来实现主进程和渲染进程之间的通信。另外还有一个[remote](http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/api/remote)模块用来做RPC类型的通信。\n\n## 编写你的第一个Electron应用\n\n通常一个Electron应用的结构类似这样：\n\n```\nyour-app/\n├── package.json\n├── main.js\n└── index.html\n```\n\n`package.json`的格式和Node模块完全一样，`main`字段指定的脚本就是你的应用的启动脚本，它会运行主进程。一个`package.json`可能类似这样：\n\n``` json\n{\n  \"name\"    : \"your-app\",\n  \"version\" : \"0.1.0\",\n  \"main\"    : \"main.js\"\n}\n```\n\n__注意__：如果`package.json`中没有指定`main`字段，Electron会尝试加载`index.js`。\n\n`main.js`需要创建窗口并且处理系统事件，一个典型的例子如下：\n\n``` javascript\n'use strict';\n\nconst electron = require('electron');\nconst app = electron.app;  // 控制应用生命周期的模块.\nconst BrowserWindow = electron.BrowserWindow;  // 创建原生浏览器窗口的模块.\n\n// 保存窗口对象的一个全局引用，如果你不这么做，当JavaScript对象被垃圾回收后窗口会自动关闭\nvar mainWindow = null;\n\n// 当所有窗口关闭后退出应用\napp.on('window-all-closed', function() {\n  // 在OSX通常会让应用和它的菜单栏保持激活直到用户使用Cmd+Q强制退出\n  if (process.platform != 'darwin') {\n    app.quit();\n  }\n});\n\n// 这个方法会在Electron完成初始化并准备好创建浏览器窗口时调用\napp.on('ready', function() {\n  // 创建浏览器窗口\n  mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({width: 800, height: 600});\n\n  // 加载应用的index.html\n  mainWindow.loadURL('file://' + __dirname + '/index.html');\n\n  // 打开开发者工具（chromium的控制台）\n  mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools();\n\n  // 当窗口关闭时触发\n  mainWindow.on('closed', function() {\n    // 取消对窗口对象的引用，通常如果你的应用支持多窗口，你会将窗口存在一个数组里，这时候你应当删除对应的元素\n    mainWindow = null;\n  });\n});\n```\n\n最后这个`index.html`就是你想要展现的网页：\n\n``` html\n<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n  <head>\n    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n    <title>Hello World!</title>\n  </head>\n  <body>\n    <h1>Hello World!</h1>\n    We are using node <script>document.write(process.versions.node)</script>,\n    Chrome <script>document.write(process.versions.chrome)</script>,\n    and Electron <script>document.write(process.versions.electron)</script>.\n  </body>\n</html>\n```\n\n## 运行你的应用\n\n当你创建完最初的`main.js`，`index.html`和`package.json`文件，你肯定迫不及待想要在本地尝试跑一下你的应用，看看它是不是像预期那样的运行。\n\n### electron-prebuilt\n\n如果你通过`npm`全局安装了`electron-prebuilt`，你只需要在你的应用目录下运行：\n\n``` javascript\nelectron .\n```\n\n如果你是局部安装的，运行：\n\n``` javascript\n./node_modules/.bin/electron .\n```\n\n### 手动下载的Electron程序\n\n如果你是手动下载的Electron，你也可以直接运行你的应用。\n\n#### Windows\n\n``` bash\n$ .\\electron\\electron.exe your-app\\\n```\n\n#### Linux\n``` bash\n$ ./electron/electron your-app/\n```\n\n#### OSX\n``` bash\n$ ./Electron.app/Contents/MacOS/Electron your-app/\n```\n\n这里的`Electron.app`是Electron发行包中的一部分，你可以在[这里](https://github.com/atom/electron/releases)下载。\n\n### 发布应用\n\n当你完成了应用的开发，你可以根据[应用发布](http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/tutorial/application-distribution)指南来创建一个发布，并执行打包程序。\n\n### 尝试这个例子\n\n在[atom/electron-quick-start](https://github.com/atom/electron-quick-start)下载并运行这个教程的代码。\n\n__注意__：运行代码需要系统支持[Git](https://git-scm.com/)和[Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/download/)（含[npm](https://npmjs.org/)）。\n\n``` bash\n# Clone the repository\n$ git clone https://github.com/atom/electron-quick-start\n# Go into the repository\n$ cd electron-quick-start\n# Install dependencies and run the app\n$ npm install && npm start\n```\n\n__原文地址__：[http://electron.atom.io/docs/latest/tutorial/quick-start/](http://electron.atom.io/docs/latest/tutorial/quick-start/)\n","source":"_posts/introduce-to-electron.md","raw":"title: Electron快速上手（译）\ndate: 2016-01-31 21:20:40\ncategories: nodejs\ntags: [electron, atom, nodejs, chromium, app]\n---\nElectron可以让你使用纯JavaScript创建桌面应用程序，它提供了一个包含丰富的原生（操作系统）API的运行时。你可以把它看作是一个Node.js运行时的变体，只不过它是专注于桌面应用程序而不是web服务器。\n\n这并不是说Electron是一个操作图形用户界面（GUI）库的JavaScript工具，实际上，Electron使用网页作为它的GUI，因此你也可以把它看作是一个精简版的Chromium浏览器，通过JavaScript来控制。\n\n<!--more-->\n\n### 主进程\n\n在Electron中，运行`package.json`中的`main`脚本的进程叫作主进程（the main process）。主进程中运行的脚本可以通过创建网页来显示一个GUI界面。\n\n### 渲染进程\n\n由于Electron使用Chromium来显示网页，Chromium的多线程架构也用到了。Electron中的每一个网页都在一个独立的进程中运行，即渲染进程（the renderer process）。\n\n在普通的浏览器中，网页通常是在一个沙箱环境中运行，不允许访问本地资源。不过使用Electron就可以在网页中利用Node.js的API来实现一些初级的操作系统交互。\n\n### 主进程和渲染进程的区别\n\n主进程通过创建`BrowserWindow`实例来生成网页，每个`BrowserWindow`实例在它自己的渲染进程中运行网页。当一个`BrowserWindow`实例销毁时，对应的渲染进程也被终止。\n\n主进程管理所有的网页和它们相对应的渲染进程，每个渲染进程是独立的，只须关心在它上面运行的网页。\n\n在网页中调用原生的GUI相关API是不允许的，因为在网页中管理原生GUI资源是十分危险的，很容易泄露资源。如果你想在网页中操作GUI，该网页的渲染进程必须要和主进程通信，请求在主进程上进行这些操作。\n\n在Electron中，我们提供了[ipc](http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/api/ipc-renderer)模块用来实现主进程和渲染进程之间的通信。另外还有一个[remote](http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/api/remote)模块用来做RPC类型的通信。\n\n## 编写你的第一个Electron应用\n\n通常一个Electron应用的结构类似这样：\n\n```\nyour-app/\n├── package.json\n├── main.js\n└── index.html\n```\n\n`package.json`的格式和Node模块完全一样，`main`字段指定的脚本就是你的应用的启动脚本，它会运行主进程。一个`package.json`可能类似这样：\n\n``` json\n{\n  \"name\"    : \"your-app\",\n  \"version\" : \"0.1.0\",\n  \"main\"    : \"main.js\"\n}\n```\n\n__注意__：如果`package.json`中没有指定`main`字段，Electron会尝试加载`index.js`。\n\n`main.js`需要创建窗口并且处理系统事件，一个典型的例子如下：\n\n``` javascript\n'use strict';\n\nconst electron = require('electron');\nconst app = electron.app;  // 控制应用生命周期的模块.\nconst BrowserWindow = electron.BrowserWindow;  // 创建原生浏览器窗口的模块.\n\n// 保存窗口对象的一个全局引用，如果你不这么做，当JavaScript对象被垃圾回收后窗口会自动关闭\nvar mainWindow = null;\n\n// 当所有窗口关闭后退出应用\napp.on('window-all-closed', function() {\n  // 在OSX通常会让应用和它的菜单栏保持激活直到用户使用Cmd+Q强制退出\n  if (process.platform != 'darwin') {\n    app.quit();\n  }\n});\n\n// 这个方法会在Electron完成初始化并准备好创建浏览器窗口时调用\napp.on('ready', function() {\n  // 创建浏览器窗口\n  mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({width: 800, height: 600});\n\n  // 加载应用的index.html\n  mainWindow.loadURL('file://' + __dirname + '/index.html');\n\n  // 打开开发者工具（chromium的控制台）\n  mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools();\n\n  // 当窗口关闭时触发\n  mainWindow.on('closed', function() {\n    // 取消对窗口对象的引用，通常如果你的应用支持多窗口，你会将窗口存在一个数组里，这时候你应当删除对应的元素\n    mainWindow = null;\n  });\n});\n```\n\n最后这个`index.html`就是你想要展现的网页：\n\n``` html\n<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n  <head>\n    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n    <title>Hello World!</title>\n  </head>\n  <body>\n    <h1>Hello World!</h1>\n    We are using node <script>document.write(process.versions.node)</script>,\n    Chrome <script>document.write(process.versions.chrome)</script>,\n    and Electron <script>document.write(process.versions.electron)</script>.\n  </body>\n</html>\n```\n\n## 运行你的应用\n\n当你创建完最初的`main.js`，`index.html`和`package.json`文件，你肯定迫不及待想要在本地尝试跑一下你的应用，看看它是不是像预期那样的运行。\n\n### electron-prebuilt\n\n如果你通过`npm`全局安装了`electron-prebuilt`，你只需要在你的应用目录下运行：\n\n``` javascript\nelectron .\n```\n\n如果你是局部安装的，运行：\n\n``` javascript\n./node_modules/.bin/electron .\n```\n\n### 手动下载的Electron程序\n\n如果你是手动下载的Electron，你也可以直接运行你的应用。\n\n#### Windows\n\n``` bash\n$ .\\electron\\electron.exe your-app\\\n```\n\n#### Linux\n``` bash\n$ ./electron/electron your-app/\n```\n\n#### OSX\n``` bash\n$ ./Electron.app/Contents/MacOS/Electron your-app/\n```\n\n这里的`Electron.app`是Electron发行包中的一部分，你可以在[这里](https://github.com/atom/electron/releases)下载。\n\n### 发布应用\n\n当你完成了应用的开发，你可以根据[应用发布](http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/tutorial/application-distribution)指南来创建一个发布，并执行打包程序。\n\n### 尝试这个例子\n\n在[atom/electron-quick-start](https://github.com/atom/electron-quick-start)下载并运行这个教程的代码。\n\n__注意__：运行代码需要系统支持[Git](https://git-scm.com/)和[Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/download/)（含[npm](https://npmjs.org/)）。\n\n``` bash\n# Clone the repository\n$ git clone https://github.com/atom/electron-quick-start\n# Go into the repository\n$ cd electron-quick-start\n# Install dependencies and run the app\n$ npm install && npm start\n```\n\n__原文地址__：[http://electron.atom.io/docs/latest/tutorial/quick-start/](http://electron.atom.io/docs/latest/tutorial/quick-start/)\n","slug":"introduce-to-electron","published":1,"updated":"2016-02-01T15:18:54.000Z","comments":1,"layout":"post","photos":[],"link":"","_id":"cizf7siol000fa3xxjat2hs9w","content":"<p>Electron可以让你使用纯JavaScript创建桌面应用程序，它提供了一个包含丰富的原生（操作系统）API的运行时。你可以把它看作是一个Node.js运行时的变体，只不过它是专注于桌面应用程序而不是web服务器。</p>\n<p>这并不是说Electron是一个操作图形用户界面（GUI）库的JavaScript工具，实际上，Electron使用网页作为它的GUI，因此你也可以把它看作是一个精简版的Chromium浏览器，通过JavaScript来控制。</p>\n<a id=\"more\"></a>\n<h3 id=\"主进程\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#主进程\">¶</a>主进程</h3>\n<p>在Electron中，运行<code>package.json</code>中的<code>main</code>脚本的进程叫作主进程（the main process）。主进程中运行的脚本可以通过创建网页来显示一个GUI界面。</p>\n<h3 id=\"渲染进程\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#渲染进程\">¶</a>渲染进程</h3>\n<p>由于Electron使用Chromium来显示网页，Chromium的多线程架构也用到了。Electron中的每一个网页都在一个独立的进程中运行，即渲染进程（the renderer process）。</p>\n<p>在普通的浏览器中，网页通常是在一个沙箱环境中运行，不允许访问本地资源。不过使用Electron就可以在网页中利用Node.js的API来实现一些初级的操作系统交互。</p>\n<h3 id=\"主进程和渲染进程的区别\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#主进程和渲染进程的区别\">¶</a>主进程和渲染进程的区别</h3>\n<p>主进程通过创建<code>BrowserWindow</code>实例来生成网页，每个<code>BrowserWindow</code>实例在它自己的渲染进程中运行网页。当一个<code>BrowserWindow</code>实例销毁时，对应的渲染进程也被终止。</p>\n<p>主进程管理所有的网页和它们相对应的渲染进程，每个渲染进程是独立的，只须关心在它上面运行的网页。</p>\n<p>在网页中调用原生的GUI相关API是不允许的，因为在网页中管理原生GUI资源是十分危险的，很容易泄露资源。如果你想在网页中操作GUI，该网页的渲染进程必须要和主进程通信，请求在主进程上进行这些操作。</p>\n<p>在Electron中，我们提供了<a href=\"http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/api/ipc-renderer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">ipc</a>模块用来实现主进程和渲染进程之间的通信。另外还有一个<a href=\"http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/api/remote\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">remote</a>模块用来做RPC类型的通信。</p>\n<h2 id=\"编写你的第一个electron应用\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#编写你的第一个electron应用\">¶</a>编写你的第一个Electron应用</h2>\n<p>通常一个Electron应用的结构类似这样：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight stylus\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">your-app/</div><div class=\"line\">├── package<span class=\"selector-class\">.json</span></div><div class=\"line\">├── main<span class=\"selector-class\">.js</span></div><div class=\"line\">└── index.html</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p><code>package.json</code>的格式和Node模块完全一样，<code>main</code>字段指定的脚本就是你的应用的启动脚本，它会运行主进程。一个<code>package.json</code>可能类似这样：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight json\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"name\"</span>    : <span class=\"string\">\"your-app\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"version\"</span> : <span class=\"string\">\"0.1.0\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"main\"</span>    : <span class=\"string\">\"main.js\"</span></div><div class=\"line\">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p><strong>注意</strong>：如果<code>package.json</code>中没有指定<code>main</code>字段，Electron会尝试加载<code>index.js</code>。</p>\n<p><code>main.js</code>需要创建窗口并且处理系统事件，一个典型的例子如下：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight javascript\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div><div class=\"line\">14</div><div class=\"line\">15</div><div class=\"line\">16</div><div class=\"line\">17</div><div class=\"line\">18</div><div class=\"line\">19</div><div class=\"line\">20</div><div class=\"line\">21</div><div class=\"line\">22</div><div class=\"line\">23</div><div class=\"line\">24</div><div class=\"line\">25</div><div class=\"line\">26</div><div class=\"line\">27</div><div class=\"line\">28</div><div class=\"line\">29</div><div class=\"line\">30</div><div class=\"line\">31</div><div class=\"line\">32</div><div class=\"line\">33</div><div class=\"line\">34</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"meta\">'use strict'</span>;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">const</span> electron = <span class=\"built_in\">require</span>(<span class=\"string\">'electron'</span>);</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">const</span> app = electron.app;  <span class=\"comment\">// 控制应用生命周期的模块.</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">const</span> BrowserWindow = electron.BrowserWindow;  <span class=\"comment\">// 创建原生浏览器窗口的模块.</span></div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\">// 保存窗口对象的一个全局引用，如果你不这么做，当JavaScript对象被垃圾回收后窗口会自动关闭</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">var</span> mainWindow = <span class=\"literal\">null</span>;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\">// 当所有窗口关闭后退出应用</span></div><div class=\"line\">app.on(<span class=\"string\">'window-all-closed'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span>(<span class=\"params\"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"comment\">// 在OSX通常会让应用和它的菜单栏保持激活直到用户使用Cmd+Q强制退出</span></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"keyword\">if</span> (process.platform != <span class=\"string\">'darwin'</span>) &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    app.quit();</div><div class=\"line\">  &#125;</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\">// 这个方法会在Electron完成初始化并准备好创建浏览器窗口时调用</span></div><div class=\"line\">app.on(<span class=\"string\">'ready'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span>(<span class=\"params\"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"comment\">// 创建浏览器窗口</span></div><div class=\"line\">  mainWindow = <span class=\"keyword\">new</span> BrowserWindow(&#123;<span class=\"attr\">width</span>: <span class=\"number\">800</span>, <span class=\"attr\">height</span>: <span class=\"number\">600</span>&#125;);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"comment\">// 加载应用的index.html</span></div><div class=\"line\">  mainWindow.loadURL(<span class=\"string\">'file://'</span> + __dirname + <span class=\"string\">'/index.html'</span>);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"comment\">// 打开开发者工具（chromium的控制台）</span></div><div class=\"line\">  mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools();</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"comment\">// 当窗口关闭时触发</span></div><div class=\"line\">  mainWindow.on(<span class=\"string\">'closed'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span>(<span class=\"params\"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"comment\">// 取消对窗口对象的引用，通常如果你的应用支持多窗口，你会将窗口存在一个数组里，这时候你应当删除对应的元素</span></div><div class=\"line\">    mainWindow = <span class=\"literal\">null</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">  &#125;);</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>最后这个<code>index.html</code>就是你想要展现的网页：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight html\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"meta\">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">html</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">head</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">meta</span> <span class=\"attr\">charset</span>=<span class=\"string\">\"UTF-8\"</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">title</span>&gt;</span>Hello World!<span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">title</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">head</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">body</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">h1</span>&gt;</span>Hello World!<span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">h1</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">    We are using node <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span><span class=\"javascript\"><span class=\"built_in\">document</span>.write(process.versions.node)</span><span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">    Chrome <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span><span class=\"javascript\"><span class=\"built_in\">document</span>.write(process.versions.chrome)</span><span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">    and Electron <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span><span class=\"javascript\"><span class=\"built_in\">document</span>.write(process.versions.electron)</span><span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span>.</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">body</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">html</span>&gt;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h2 id=\"运行你的应用\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#运行你的应用\">¶</a>运行你的应用</h2>\n<p>当你创建完最初的<code>main.js</code>，<code>index.html</code>和<code>package.json</code>文件，你肯定迫不及待想要在本地尝试跑一下你的应用，看看它是不是像预期那样的运行。</p>\n<h3 id=\"electron-prebuilt\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#electron-prebuilt\">¶</a>electron-prebuilt</h3>\n<p>如果你通过<code>npm</code>全局安装了<code>electron-prebuilt</code>，你只需要在你的应用目录下运行：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight javascript\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">electron .</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>如果你是局部安装的，运行：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight javascript\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">./node_modules/.bin/electron .</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h3 id=\"手动下载的electron程序\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#手动下载的electron程序\">¶</a>手动下载的Electron程序</h3>\n<p>如果你是手动下载的Electron，你也可以直接运行你的应用。</p>\n<h4 id=\"windows\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#windows\">¶</a>Windows</h4>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ .\\electron\\electron.exe your-app\\</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h4 id=\"linux\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#linux\">¶</a>Linux</h4>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ ./electron/electron your-app/</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h4 id=\"osx\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#osx\">¶</a>OSX</h4>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ ./Electron.app/Contents/MacOS/Electron your-app/</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这里的<code>Electron.app</code>是Electron发行包中的一部分，你可以在<a href=\"https://github.com/atom/electron/releases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">这里</a>下载。</p>\n<h3 id=\"发布应用\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#发布应用\">¶</a>发布应用</h3>\n<p>当你完成了应用的开发，你可以根据<a href=\"http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/tutorial/application-distribution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">应用发布</a>指南来创建一个发布，并执行打包程序。</p>\n<h3 id=\"尝试这个例子\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#尝试这个例子\">¶</a>尝试这个例子</h3>\n<p>在<a href=\"https://github.com/atom/electron-quick-start\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">atom/electron-quick-start</a>下载并运行这个教程的代码。</p>\n<p><strong>注意</strong>：运行代码需要系统支持<a href=\"https://git-scm.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Git</a>和<a href=\"https://nodejs.org/en/download/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Node.js</a>（含<a href=\"https://npmjs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">npm</a>）。</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># Clone the repository</span></div><div class=\"line\">$ git <span class=\"built_in\">clone</span> https://github.com/atom/electron-quick-start</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># Go into the repository</span></div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> electron-quick-start</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># Install dependencies and run the app</span></div><div class=\"line\">$ npm install &amp;&amp; npm start</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p><strong>原文地址</strong>：<a href=\"http://electron.atom.io/docs/latest/tutorial/quick-start/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://electron.atom.io/docs/latest/tutorial/quick-start/</a></p>\n","excerpt":"<p>Electron可以让你使用纯JavaScript创建桌面应用程序，它提供了一个包含丰富的原生（操作系统）API的运行时。你可以把它看作是一个Node.js运行时的变体，只不过它是专注于桌面应用程序而不是web服务器。</p>\n<p>这并不是说Electron是一个操作图形用户界面（GUI）库的JavaScript工具，实际上，Electron使用网页作为它的GUI，因此你也可以把它看作是一个精简版的Chromium浏览器，通过JavaScript来控制。</p>","more":"<h3 id=\"主进程\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#主进程\">¶</a>主进程</h3>\n<p>在Electron中，运行<code>package.json</code>中的<code>main</code>脚本的进程叫作主进程（the main process）。主进程中运行的脚本可以通过创建网页来显示一个GUI界面。</p>\n<h3 id=\"渲染进程\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#渲染进程\">¶</a>渲染进程</h3>\n<p>由于Electron使用Chromium来显示网页，Chromium的多线程架构也用到了。Electron中的每一个网页都在一个独立的进程中运行，即渲染进程（the renderer process）。</p>\n<p>在普通的浏览器中，网页通常是在一个沙箱环境中运行，不允许访问本地资源。不过使用Electron就可以在网页中利用Node.js的API来实现一些初级的操作系统交互。</p>\n<h3 id=\"主进程和渲染进程的区别\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#主进程和渲染进程的区别\">¶</a>主进程和渲染进程的区别</h3>\n<p>主进程通过创建<code>BrowserWindow</code>实例来生成网页，每个<code>BrowserWindow</code>实例在它自己的渲染进程中运行网页。当一个<code>BrowserWindow</code>实例销毁时，对应的渲染进程也被终止。</p>\n<p>主进程管理所有的网页和它们相对应的渲染进程，每个渲染进程是独立的，只须关心在它上面运行的网页。</p>\n<p>在网页中调用原生的GUI相关API是不允许的，因为在网页中管理原生GUI资源是十分危险的，很容易泄露资源。如果你想在网页中操作GUI，该网页的渲染进程必须要和主进程通信，请求在主进程上进行这些操作。</p>\n<p>在Electron中，我们提供了<a href=\"http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/api/ipc-renderer\">ipc</a>模块用来实现主进程和渲染进程之间的通信。另外还有一个<a href=\"http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/api/remote\">remote</a>模块用来做RPC类型的通信。</p>\n<h2 id=\"编写你的第一个electron应用\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#编写你的第一个electron应用\">¶</a>编写你的第一个Electron应用</h2>\n<p>通常一个Electron应用的结构类似这样：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight stylus\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">your-app/</div><div class=\"line\">├── package<span class=\"selector-class\">.json</span></div><div class=\"line\">├── main<span class=\"selector-class\">.js</span></div><div class=\"line\">└── index.html</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p><code>package.json</code>的格式和Node模块完全一样，<code>main</code>字段指定的脚本就是你的应用的启动脚本，它会运行主进程。一个<code>package.json</code>可能类似这样：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight json\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"name\"</span>    : <span class=\"string\">\"your-app\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"version\"</span> : <span class=\"string\">\"0.1.0\"</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"attr\">\"main\"</span>    : <span class=\"string\">\"main.js\"</span></div><div class=\"line\">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p><strong>注意</strong>：如果<code>package.json</code>中没有指定<code>main</code>字段，Electron会尝试加载<code>index.js</code>。</p>\n<p><code>main.js</code>需要创建窗口并且处理系统事件，一个典型的例子如下：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight javascript\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div><div class=\"line\">14</div><div class=\"line\">15</div><div class=\"line\">16</div><div class=\"line\">17</div><div class=\"line\">18</div><div class=\"line\">19</div><div class=\"line\">20</div><div class=\"line\">21</div><div class=\"line\">22</div><div class=\"line\">23</div><div class=\"line\">24</div><div class=\"line\">25</div><div class=\"line\">26</div><div class=\"line\">27</div><div class=\"line\">28</div><div class=\"line\">29</div><div class=\"line\">30</div><div class=\"line\">31</div><div class=\"line\">32</div><div class=\"line\">33</div><div class=\"line\">34</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"meta\">'use strict'</span>;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">const</span> electron = <span class=\"built_in\">require</span>(<span class=\"string\">'electron'</span>);</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">const</span> app = electron.app;  <span class=\"comment\">// 控制应用生命周期的模块.</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">const</span> BrowserWindow = electron.BrowserWindow;  <span class=\"comment\">// 创建原生浏览器窗口的模块.</span></div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\">// 保存窗口对象的一个全局引用，如果你不这么做，当JavaScript对象被垃圾回收后窗口会自动关闭</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">var</span> mainWindow = <span class=\"literal\">null</span>;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\">// 当所有窗口关闭后退出应用</span></div><div class=\"line\">app.on(<span class=\"string\">'window-all-closed'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span>(<span class=\"params\"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"comment\">// 在OSX通常会让应用和它的菜单栏保持激活直到用户使用Cmd+Q强制退出</span></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"keyword\">if</span> (process.platform != <span class=\"string\">'darwin'</span>) &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    app.quit();</div><div class=\"line\">  &#125;</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\">// 这个方法会在Electron完成初始化并准备好创建浏览器窗口时调用</span></div><div class=\"line\">app.on(<span class=\"string\">'ready'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span>(<span class=\"params\"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"comment\">// 创建浏览器窗口</span></div><div class=\"line\">  mainWindow = <span class=\"keyword\">new</span> BrowserWindow(&#123;<span class=\"attr\">width</span>: <span class=\"number\">800</span>, <span class=\"attr\">height</span>: <span class=\"number\">600</span>&#125;);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"comment\">// 加载应用的index.html</span></div><div class=\"line\">  mainWindow.loadURL(<span class=\"string\">'file://'</span> + __dirname + <span class=\"string\">'/index.html'</span>);</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"comment\">// 打开开发者工具（chromium的控制台）</span></div><div class=\"line\">  mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools();</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"comment\">// 当窗口关闭时触发</span></div><div class=\"line\">  mainWindow.on(<span class=\"string\">'closed'</span>, <span class=\"function\"><span class=\"keyword\">function</span>(<span class=\"params\"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"comment\">// 取消对窗口对象的引用，通常如果你的应用支持多窗口，你会将窗口存在一个数组里，这时候你应当删除对应的元素</span></div><div class=\"line\">    mainWindow = <span class=\"literal\">null</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">  &#125;);</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>最后这个<code>index.html</code>就是你想要展现的网页：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight html\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"meta\">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">html</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">head</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">meta</span> <span class=\"attr\">charset</span>=<span class=\"string\">\"UTF-8\"</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">title</span>&gt;</span>Hello World!<span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">title</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">head</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">body</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">h1</span>&gt;</span>Hello World!<span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">h1</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\">    We are using node <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span><span class=\"javascript\"><span class=\"built_in\">document</span>.write(process.versions.node)</span><span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">    Chrome <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span><span class=\"javascript\"><span class=\"built_in\">document</span>.write(process.versions.chrome)</span><span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span>,</div><div class=\"line\">    and Electron <span class=\"tag\">&lt;<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span><span class=\"javascript\"><span class=\"built_in\">document</span>.write(process.versions.electron)</span><span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">script</span>&gt;</span>.</div><div class=\"line\">  <span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">body</span>&gt;</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"tag\">&lt;/<span class=\"name\">html</span>&gt;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h2 id=\"运行你的应用\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#运行你的应用\">¶</a>运行你的应用</h2>\n<p>当你创建完最初的<code>main.js</code>，<code>index.html</code>和<code>package.json</code>文件，你肯定迫不及待想要在本地尝试跑一下你的应用，看看它是不是像预期那样的运行。</p>\n<h3 id=\"electron-prebuilt\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#electron-prebuilt\">¶</a>electron-prebuilt</h3>\n<p>如果你通过<code>npm</code>全局安装了<code>electron-prebuilt</code>，你只需要在你的应用目录下运行：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight javascript\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">electron .</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>如果你是局部安装的，运行：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight javascript\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">./node_modules/.bin/electron .</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h3 id=\"手动下载的electron程序\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#手动下载的electron程序\">¶</a>手动下载的Electron程序</h3>\n<p>如果你是手动下载的Electron，你也可以直接运行你的应用。</p>\n<h4 id=\"windows\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#windows\">¶</a>Windows</h4>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ .\\electron\\electron.exe your-app\\</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h4 id=\"linux\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#linux\">¶</a>Linux</h4>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ ./electron/electron your-app/</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<h4 id=\"osx\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#osx\">¶</a>OSX</h4>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ ./Electron.app/Contents/MacOS/Electron your-app/</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这里的<code>Electron.app</code>是Electron发行包中的一部分，你可以在<a href=\"https://github.com/atom/electron/releases\">这里</a>下载。</p>\n<h3 id=\"发布应用\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#发布应用\">¶</a>发布应用</h3>\n<p>当你完成了应用的开发，你可以根据<a href=\"http://electron.atom.io/docs/v0.36.5/tutorial/application-distribution\">应用发布</a>指南来创建一个发布，并执行打包程序。</p>\n<h3 id=\"尝试这个例子\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#尝试这个例子\">¶</a>尝试这个例子</h3>\n<p>在<a href=\"https://github.com/atom/electron-quick-start\">atom/electron-quick-start</a>下载并运行这个教程的代码。</p>\n<p><strong>注意</strong>：运行代码需要系统支持<a href=\"https://git-scm.com/\">Git</a>和<a href=\"https://nodejs.org/en/download/\">Node.js</a>（含<a href=\"https://npmjs.org/\">npm</a>）。</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># Clone the repository</span></div><div class=\"line\">$ git <span class=\"built_in\">clone</span> https://github.com/atom/electron-quick-start</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># Go into the repository</span></div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> electron-quick-start</div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># Install dependencies and run the app</span></div><div class=\"line\">$ npm install &amp;&amp; npm start</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p><strong>原文地址</strong>：<a href=\"http://electron.atom.io/docs/latest/tutorial/quick-start/\">http://electron.atom.io/docs/latest/tutorial/quick-start/</a></p>"},{"title":"平滑升级Nginx并配置HTTP/2","date":"2015-12-23T04:47:40.000Z","_content":"之前说到SPDY已经被HTTP/2上位了，继续用SPDY也不合适，今天就趁空升级了最新的Nginx，并开启了HTTP/2，操作过程如下\n\n<!--more-->\n\n1. 检查当前Nginx版本和配置参数\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ nginx -V\n  nginx version: nginx/1.8.0\n  built by gcc 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16) (GCC)\n  built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013\n  TLS SNI support enabled\n  configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-openssl=../libressl-2.2.2 --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-http_spdy_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic'\n  ```\n\n  记下这里的configure arguments，后面编译的时候要用的。\n\n2. 安装PCRE，Nginx的rewrite模块依赖PCRE\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ cd /ppxu\n  $ yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool\n  $ wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.37/pcre-8.37.tar.gz\n  $ tar zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz\n  $ cd pcre-8.37/\n  $ ./configure\n  $ make && make install\n  ```\n\n3. 下载OpenSSL，可以从[OpenSSL](https://www.openssl.org/)或者[LibreSSL](http://www.libressl.org/)下载\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ cd /ppxu\n  $ wget http://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/LibreSSL/libressl-2.3.1.tar.gz\n  $ tar zxvf libressl-2.3.1.tar.gz\n  ```\n\n4. 下载，配置并编译Nginx\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ cd /ppxu\n  $ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz\n  $ tar zxvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz\n  $ cd nginx-1.9.9/\n  $ ./configure --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-openssl=../libressl-2.3.1 --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic'\n  $ make\n  ```\n\n  其中的`--with-http_v2_module`就是开启HTTP/2的设置。\n\n5. 替换Nginx\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ which nginx    //查找nginx路径\n  $ mv /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx.old    //备份旧版nginx\n  $ cp objs/nginx /usr/sbin/    //将编译好的新版nginx复制过去\n  ```\n\n6. 确认更新生效\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ /usr/sbin/nginx -t\n  nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok\n  nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful\n  $ /usr/sbin/nginx -v\n  nginx version: nginx/1.9.9\n  ```\n\n7. 更新Nginx配置文件\n\n  ```\n  server {\n      listen       80;\n      listen       443 ssl http2;\n      server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;\n\n      ...\n  ```\n\n8. 重启Nginx即可\n\n访问网站，在响应头里可以看到`server:nginx/1.9.9`，同时，在[chrome://net-internals/#http2](chrome://net-internals/#http2)上面可以看到网站已经支持了HTTP/2\n\n![/img/http2.png](/img/http2.png)\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [http://www.linuxde.net/2011/08/554.html](http://www.linuxde.net/2011/08/554.html)\n* [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/96137.htm](http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/96137.htm)\n* [http://www.poluoluo.com/server/201403/265778.html](http://www.poluoluo.com/server/201403/265778.html)\n* [https://imququ.com/post/http2-resource.html](https://imququ.com/post/http2-resource.html)\n* [https://imququ.com/post/nginx-http2-patch.html](https://imququ.com/post/nginx-http2-patch.html)\n* [http://www.tuicool.com/articles/3eeIVfi](http://www.tuicool.com/articles/3eeIVfi)\n","source":"_posts/nginx-smooth-upgrade-and-config-http2.md","raw":"title: 平滑升级Nginx并配置HTTP/2\ndate: 2015-12-23 12:47:40\ncategories: blog\ntags: [aliyun, ecs, centos, nginx, http2]\n---\n之前说到SPDY已经被HTTP/2上位了，继续用SPDY也不合适，今天就趁空升级了最新的Nginx，并开启了HTTP/2，操作过程如下\n\n<!--more-->\n\n1. 检查当前Nginx版本和配置参数\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ nginx -V\n  nginx version: nginx/1.8.0\n  built by gcc 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16) (GCC)\n  built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013\n  TLS SNI support enabled\n  configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-openssl=../libressl-2.2.2 --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-http_spdy_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic'\n  ```\n\n  记下这里的configure arguments，后面编译的时候要用的。\n\n2. 安装PCRE，Nginx的rewrite模块依赖PCRE\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ cd /ppxu\n  $ yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool\n  $ wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.37/pcre-8.37.tar.gz\n  $ tar zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz\n  $ cd pcre-8.37/\n  $ ./configure\n  $ make && make install\n  ```\n\n3. 下载OpenSSL，可以从[OpenSSL](https://www.openssl.org/)或者[LibreSSL](http://www.libressl.org/)下载\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ cd /ppxu\n  $ wget http://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/LibreSSL/libressl-2.3.1.tar.gz\n  $ tar zxvf libressl-2.3.1.tar.gz\n  ```\n\n4. 下载，配置并编译Nginx\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ cd /ppxu\n  $ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz\n  $ tar zxvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz\n  $ cd nginx-1.9.9/\n  $ ./configure --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-openssl=../libressl-2.3.1 --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic'\n  $ make\n  ```\n\n  其中的`--with-http_v2_module`就是开启HTTP/2的设置。\n\n5. 替换Nginx\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ which nginx    //查找nginx路径\n  $ mv /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx.old    //备份旧版nginx\n  $ cp objs/nginx /usr/sbin/    //将编译好的新版nginx复制过去\n  ```\n\n6. 确认更新生效\n\n  ``` bash\n  $ /usr/sbin/nginx -t\n  nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok\n  nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful\n  $ /usr/sbin/nginx -v\n  nginx version: nginx/1.9.9\n  ```\n\n7. 更新Nginx配置文件\n\n  ```\n  server {\n      listen       80;\n      listen       443 ssl http2;\n      server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;\n\n      ...\n  ```\n\n8. 重启Nginx即可\n\n访问网站，在响应头里可以看到`server:nginx/1.9.9`，同时，在[chrome://net-internals/#http2](chrome://net-internals/#http2)上面可以看到网站已经支持了HTTP/2\n\n![/img/http2.png](/img/http2.png)\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [http://www.linuxde.net/2011/08/554.html](http://www.linuxde.net/2011/08/554.html)\n* [http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/96137.htm](http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/96137.htm)\n* [http://www.poluoluo.com/server/201403/265778.html](http://www.poluoluo.com/server/201403/265778.html)\n* [https://imququ.com/post/http2-resource.html](https://imququ.com/post/http2-resource.html)\n* [https://imququ.com/post/nginx-http2-patch.html](https://imququ.com/post/nginx-http2-patch.html)\n* [http://www.tuicool.com/articles/3eeIVfi](http://www.tuicool.com/articles/3eeIVfi)\n","slug":"nginx-smooth-upgrade-and-config-http2","published":1,"updated":"2017-02-21T07:09:56.000Z","comments":1,"layout":"post","photos":[],"link":"","_id":"cizf7sion000ha3xxq64rdkm1","content":"<p>之前说到SPDY已经被HTTP/2上位了，继续用SPDY也不合适，今天就趁空升级了最新的Nginx，并开启了HTTP/2，操作过程如下</p>\n<a id=\"more\"></a>\n<ol>\n<li>检查当前Nginx版本和配置参数</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ nginx -V</div><div class=\"line\">nginx version: nginx/1.8.0</div><div class=\"line\">built by gcc 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16) (GCC)</div><div class=\"line\">built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013</div><div class=\"line\">TLS SNI support enabled</div><div class=\"line\">configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/<span class=\"built_in\">log</span>/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/<span class=\"built_in\">log</span>/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-openssl=../libressl-2.2.2 --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-http_spdy_module --with-cc-opt=<span class=\"string\">'-O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic'</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>记下这里的configure arguments，后面编译的时候要用的。</p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>安装PCRE，Nginx的rewrite模块依赖PCRE</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /ppxu</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.37/pcre-8.37.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ tar zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> pcre-8.37/</div><div class=\"line\">$ ./configure</div><div class=\"line\">$ make &amp;&amp; make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>下载OpenSSL，可以从<a href=\"https://www.openssl.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">OpenSSL</a>或者<a href=\"http://www.libressl.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">LibreSSL</a>下载</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /ppxu</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/LibreSSL/libressl-2.3.1.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ tar zxvf libressl-2.3.1.tar.gz</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>下载，配置并编译Nginx</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /ppxu</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ tar zxvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> nginx-1.9.9/</div><div class=\"line\">$ ./configure --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/<span class=\"built_in\">log</span>/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/<span class=\"built_in\">log</span>/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-openssl=../libressl-2.3.1 --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-cc-opt=<span class=\"string\">'-O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic'</span></div><div class=\"line\">$ make</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>其中的<code>--with-http_v2_module</code>就是开启HTTP/2的设置。</p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li>替换Nginx</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">which</span> nginx    //查找nginx路径</div><div class=\"line\">$ mv /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx.old    //备份旧版nginx</div><div class=\"line\">$ cp objs/nginx /usr/sbin/    //将编译好的新版nginx复制过去</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li>确认更新生效</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ /usr/sbin/nginx -t</div><div class=\"line\">nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok</div><div class=\"line\">nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf <span class=\"built_in\">test</span> is successful</div><div class=\"line\">$ /usr/sbin/nginx -v</div><div class=\"line\">nginx version: nginx/1.9.9</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li>更新Nginx配置文件</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight lsl\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">server &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"section\">listen</span>       <span class=\"number\">80</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"section\">listen</span>       <span class=\"number\">443</span> ssl http2;</div><div class=\"line\">    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    ...</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li>重启Nginx即可</li>\n</ol>\n<p>访问网站，在响应头里可以看到<code>server:nginx/1.9.9</code>，同时，在<a href=\"chrome://net-internals/#http2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">chrome://net-internals/#http2</a>上面可以看到网站已经支持了HTTP/2</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/http2.png\" alt=\"/img/http2.png\"></p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.linuxde.net/2011/08/554.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.linuxde.net/2011/08/554.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/96137.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/96137.htm</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.poluoluo.com/server/201403/265778.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.poluoluo.com/server/201403/265778.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://imququ.com/post/http2-resource.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://imququ.com/post/http2-resource.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://imququ.com/post/nginx-http2-patch.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://imququ.com/post/nginx-http2-patch.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.tuicool.com/articles/3eeIVfi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://www.tuicool.com/articles/3eeIVfi</a></li>\n</ul>\n","excerpt":"<p>之前说到SPDY已经被HTTP/2上位了，继续用SPDY也不合适，今天就趁空升级了最新的Nginx，并开启了HTTP/2，操作过程如下</p>","more":"<ol>\n<li>检查当前Nginx版本和配置参数</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ nginx -V</div><div class=\"line\">nginx version: nginx/1.8.0</div><div class=\"line\">built by gcc 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16) (GCC)</div><div class=\"line\">built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013</div><div class=\"line\">TLS SNI support enabled</div><div class=\"line\">configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/<span class=\"built_in\">log</span>/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/<span class=\"built_in\">log</span>/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-openssl=../libressl-2.2.2 --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-http_spdy_module --with-cc-opt=<span class=\"string\">'-O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic'</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>记下这里的configure arguments，后面编译的时候要用的。</p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>安装PCRE，Nginx的rewrite模块依赖PCRE</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /ppxu</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.37/pcre-8.37.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ tar zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> pcre-8.37/</div><div class=\"line\">$ ./configure</div><div class=\"line\">$ make &amp;&amp; make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>下载OpenSSL，可以从<a href=\"https://www.openssl.org/\">OpenSSL</a>或者<a href=\"http://www.libressl.org/\">LibreSSL</a>下载</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /ppxu</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/LibreSSL/libressl-2.3.1.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ tar zxvf libressl-2.3.1.tar.gz</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>下载，配置并编译Nginx</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> /ppxu</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ tar zxvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> nginx-1.9.9/</div><div class=\"line\">$ ./configure --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/<span class=\"built_in\">log</span>/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/<span class=\"built_in\">log</span>/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-openssl=../libressl-2.3.1 --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-cc-opt=<span class=\"string\">'-O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic'</span></div><div class=\"line\">$ make</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>其中的<code>--with-http_v2_module</code>就是开启HTTP/2的设置。</p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li>替换Nginx</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">which</span> nginx    //查找nginx路径</div><div class=\"line\">$ mv /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx.old    //备份旧版nginx</div><div class=\"line\">$ cp objs/nginx /usr/sbin/    //将编译好的新版nginx复制过去</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li>确认更新生效</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">$ /usr/sbin/nginx -t</div><div class=\"line\">nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok</div><div class=\"line\">nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf <span class=\"built_in\">test</span> is successful</div><div class=\"line\">$ /usr/sbin/nginx -v</div><div class=\"line\">nginx version: nginx/1.9.9</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li>更新Nginx配置文件</li>\n</ol>\n  <figure class=\"highlight lsl\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">server &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"section\">listen</span>       <span class=\"number\">80</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    <span class=\"section\">listen</span>       <span class=\"number\">443</span> ssl http2;</div><div class=\"line\">    server_name  ppxu.me *.ppxu.me;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">    ...</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li>重启Nginx即可</li>\n</ol>\n<p>访问网站，在响应头里可以看到<code>server:nginx/1.9.9</code>，同时，在<a href=\"chrome://net-internals/#http2\">chrome://net-internals/#http2</a>上面可以看到网站已经支持了HTTP/2</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/http2.png\" alt=\"/img/http2.png\"></p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.linuxde.net/2011/08/554.html\">http://www.linuxde.net/2011/08/554.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/96137.htm\">http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/96137.htm</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.poluoluo.com/server/201403/265778.html\">http://www.poluoluo.com/server/201403/265778.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://imququ.com/post/http2-resource.html\">https://imququ.com/post/http2-resource.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://imququ.com/post/nginx-http2-patch.html\">https://imququ.com/post/nginx-http2-patch.html</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://www.tuicool.com/articles/3eeIVfi\">http://www.tuicool.com/articles/3eeIVfi</a></li>\n</ul>"},{"title":"在Mac上使用Docker配置nginx和node.js","date":"2016-09-06T11:52:07.000Z","_content":"简单记录一下如何在 Mac 上使用 Docker，并配置 nginx 和 node.js 开发环境的操作步骤。\n\n<!--more-->\n\nMac 上推荐使用官方的安装包来安装 [Docker](https://www.docker.com/)，这是 [下载地址](https://download.docker.com/mac/stable/Docker.dmg)，安装好后运行软件，在菜单栏上就可以看到一只萌萌的鲸鱼了。\n\n我的目标是基于一个 Linux 镜像，安装 nginx 和 node.js，运行一个简单的 node.js 服务器。\n\n[Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/explore/) 上有很多官方和非官方的镜像，我选的是官方的 [centos](https://hub.docker.com/_/centos/)。\n\n下面所有操作都是在命令行中执行。\n\n``` bash\n  // 下载最新 centos 镜像\n  $ docker pull centos:latest\n\n  // 运行这个镜像，参数说明详见 [reference/commandline](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/)\n  $ docker run -it --name web -p 8888:80 centos:latest\n```\n\n然后命令行就会切换到容器系统的命令行中，下面就是安装 nginx 和 node.js 了。\n\n``` bash\n  # 不更新了，更新会增加几百M镜像体积\n  # // 更新包\n  # $ yum -y update\n\n  // 安装 nginx\n  $ yum -y install wget\n  $ wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm\n  $ rpm -ivh nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm\n  $ yum -y install nginx\n\n  // 修改一下 nginx 配置，转发 node.js 端口\n  $ vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf\n```\n\n```\n  server {\n    listen       80;\n    server_name  localhost;\n\n    location / {\n      proxy_pass        http://127.0.0.1:3000/;\n      proxy_redirect    off;\n      proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;\n      proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n    }\n\n    ...\n```\n\n``` bash\n  // 启动 nginx\n  $ nginx\n```\n\n下面是手动编译安装 node.js\n\n``` bash\n  // 安装依赖\n  $ yum -y install gcc-c++\n\n  // 下载最新 node.js\n  $ wget https://nodejs.org/dist/v6.5.0/node-v6.5.0.tar.gz\n\n  // 解压&安装\n  $ tar zxf node-v6.5.0.tar.gz\n  $ cd node-v6.5.0\n  $ ./configure\n  $ make && make install\n```\n\nnode.js 安装好后写一个简单的 server.js\n\n```\n  const http = require('http')\n\n  const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {\n    res.end('Hello Docker!')\n  })\n\n  server.listen(3000)\n```\n\n``` bash\n  // 启动 server\n  $ node server.js\n```\n\n这样子整个流程就跑通了，在浏览器里面访问 `http://localhost:8888`，就可以看到\n\n![/img/docker.png](/img/docker.png)\n\n接下来我们还可以把这个修改过的容器保存下来\n\n``` bash\n  // 退出容器系统\n  $ exit\n\n  // 查看容器信息\n  $ docker ps -a\n\n  // 将容器转化成镜像，ppxu 是 Docker Hub 上的用户名，cnn 是镜像名，v1 是一个 tag\n  $ docker commit -m 'add nginx & node to centos' -a 'ppxu' web ppxu/cnn:v1\n\n  // 查看所有的镜像\n  $ docker images\n\n  // 运行刚刚保存的镜像\n  $ docker run -it -p 8888:80 ppxu/cnn:v1\n```\n\n在这个容器中可以看到刚刚安装的 nginx 和 node.js 都正常运行。\n\n最后我们可以把这个镜像上传到 Docker Hub 中，首先 [注册帐号](https://hub.docker.com/)\n\n``` bash\n  // 用刚注册的帐号登录\n  $ docker login\n\n  // 上传镜像\n  $ docker push ppxu/cnn:v1\n```\n\n然后就可以在 [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/) 上看到刚才上传的镜像了，其他人就可以直接使用这个镜像了。\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [https://docs.docker.com/engine/getstarted/](https://docs.docker.com/engine/getstarted/)\n* [http://blog.saymagic.cn/2015/06/01/learning-docker.html#bqlkp](http://blog.saymagic.cn/2015/06/01/learning-docker.html#bqlkp)\n","source":"_posts/setup-nginx-nodejs-with-docker-in-mac.md","raw":"title: 在Mac上使用Docker配置nginx和node.js\ndate: 2016-09-06 19:52:07\ncategories: blog\ntags: [mac, docker, centos, nginx, nodejs]\n---\n简单记录一下如何在 Mac 上使用 Docker，并配置 nginx 和 node.js 开发环境的操作步骤。\n\n<!--more-->\n\nMac 上推荐使用官方的安装包来安装 [Docker](https://www.docker.com/)，这是 [下载地址](https://download.docker.com/mac/stable/Docker.dmg)，安装好后运行软件，在菜单栏上就可以看到一只萌萌的鲸鱼了。\n\n我的目标是基于一个 Linux 镜像，安装 nginx 和 node.js，运行一个简单的 node.js 服务器。\n\n[Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/explore/) 上有很多官方和非官方的镜像，我选的是官方的 [centos](https://hub.docker.com/_/centos/)。\n\n下面所有操作都是在命令行中执行。\n\n``` bash\n  // 下载最新 centos 镜像\n  $ docker pull centos:latest\n\n  // 运行这个镜像，参数说明详见 [reference/commandline](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/)\n  $ docker run -it --name web -p 8888:80 centos:latest\n```\n\n然后命令行就会切换到容器系统的命令行中，下面就是安装 nginx 和 node.js 了。\n\n``` bash\n  # 不更新了，更新会增加几百M镜像体积\n  # // 更新包\n  # $ yum -y update\n\n  // 安装 nginx\n  $ yum -y install wget\n  $ wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm\n  $ rpm -ivh nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm\n  $ yum -y install nginx\n\n  // 修改一下 nginx 配置，转发 node.js 端口\n  $ vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf\n```\n\n```\n  server {\n    listen       80;\n    server_name  localhost;\n\n    location / {\n      proxy_pass        http://127.0.0.1:3000/;\n      proxy_redirect    off;\n      proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;\n      proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n    }\n\n    ...\n```\n\n``` bash\n  // 启动 nginx\n  $ nginx\n```\n\n下面是手动编译安装 node.js\n\n``` bash\n  // 安装依赖\n  $ yum -y install gcc-c++\n\n  // 下载最新 node.js\n  $ wget https://nodejs.org/dist/v6.5.0/node-v6.5.0.tar.gz\n\n  // 解压&安装\n  $ tar zxf node-v6.5.0.tar.gz\n  $ cd node-v6.5.0\n  $ ./configure\n  $ make && make install\n```\n\nnode.js 安装好后写一个简单的 server.js\n\n```\n  const http = require('http')\n\n  const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {\n    res.end('Hello Docker!')\n  })\n\n  server.listen(3000)\n```\n\n``` bash\n  // 启动 server\n  $ node server.js\n```\n\n这样子整个流程就跑通了，在浏览器里面访问 `http://localhost:8888`，就可以看到\n\n![/img/docker.png](/img/docker.png)\n\n接下来我们还可以把这个修改过的容器保存下来\n\n``` bash\n  // 退出容器系统\n  $ exit\n\n  // 查看容器信息\n  $ docker ps -a\n\n  // 将容器转化成镜像，ppxu 是 Docker Hub 上的用户名，cnn 是镜像名，v1 是一个 tag\n  $ docker commit -m 'add nginx & node to centos' -a 'ppxu' web ppxu/cnn:v1\n\n  // 查看所有的镜像\n  $ docker images\n\n  // 运行刚刚保存的镜像\n  $ docker run -it -p 8888:80 ppxu/cnn:v1\n```\n\n在这个容器中可以看到刚刚安装的 nginx 和 node.js 都正常运行。\n\n最后我们可以把这个镜像上传到 Docker Hub 中，首先 [注册帐号](https://hub.docker.com/)\n\n``` bash\n  // 用刚注册的帐号登录\n  $ docker login\n\n  // 上传镜像\n  $ docker push ppxu/cnn:v1\n```\n\n然后就可以在 [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/) 上看到刚才上传的镜像了，其他人就可以直接使用这个镜像了。\n\n#### 参考资料\n\n* [https://docs.docker.com/engine/getstarted/](https://docs.docker.com/engine/getstarted/)\n* [http://blog.saymagic.cn/2015/06/01/learning-docker.html#bqlkp](http://blog.saymagic.cn/2015/06/01/learning-docker.html#bqlkp)\n","slug":"setup-nginx-nodejs-with-docker-in-mac","published":1,"updated":"2017-02-21T07:10:04.000Z","comments":1,"layout":"post","photos":[],"link":"","_id":"cizf7siop000la3xxlp5n6wki","content":"<p>简单记录一下如何在 Mac 上使用 Docker，并配置 nginx 和 node.js 开发环境的操作步骤。</p>\n<a id=\"more\"></a>\n<p>Mac 上推荐使用官方的安装包来安装 <a href=\"https://www.docker.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Docker</a>，这是 <a href=\"https://download.docker.com/mac/stable/Docker.dmg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">下载地址</a>，安装好后运行软件，在菜单栏上就可以看到一只萌萌的鲸鱼了。</p>\n<p>我的目标是基于一个 Linux 镜像，安装 nginx 和 node.js，运行一个简单的 node.js 服务器。</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://hub.docker.com/explore/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Docker Hub</a> 上有很多官方和非官方的镜像，我选的是官方的 <a href=\"https://hub.docker.com/_/centos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">centos</a>。</p>\n<p>下面所有操作都是在命令行中执行。</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 下载最新 centos 镜像</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker pull centos:latest</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 运行这个镜像，参数说明详见 [reference/commandline](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/)</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker run -it --name web -p 8888:80 centos:latest</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>然后命令行就会切换到容器系统的命令行中，下面就是安装 nginx 和 node.js 了。</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># 不更新了，更新会增加几百M镜像体积</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># // 更新包</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># $ yum -y update</span></div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 安装 nginx</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum -y install wget</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm</div><div class=\"line\">$ rpm -ivh nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum -y install nginx</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 修改一下 nginx 配置，转发 node.js 端口</div><div class=\"line\">$ vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<figure class=\"highlight tp\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">server &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  listen       <span class=\"number\">80</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">  server_name  localhost;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">  location / &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    proxy_pass        http:<span class=\"comment\">//127.0.0.1:3000/;</span></div><div class=\"line\">    proxy_redirect    off;</div><div class=\"line\">    proxy_set_header  <span class=\"keyword\">X</span>-Real-IP        <span class=\"variable\">$remote_addr</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    proxy_set_header  <span class=\"keyword\">X</span>-Forwarded-For  <span class=\"variable\">$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">  &#125;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">  ...</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 启动 nginx</div><div class=\"line\">$ nginx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>下面是手动编译安装 node.js</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 安装依赖</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum -y install gcc-c++</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 下载最新 node.js</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget https://nodejs.org/dist/v6.5.0/node-v6.5.0.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 解压&amp;安装</div><div class=\"line\">$ tar zxf node-v6.5.0.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> node-v6.5.0</div><div class=\"line\">$ ./configure</div><div class=\"line\">$ make &amp;&amp; make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>node.js 安装好后写一个简单的 server.js</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight javascript\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">const</span> http = <span class=\"built_in\">require</span>(<span class=\"string\">'http'</span>)</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">const</span> server = http.createServer(<span class=\"function\">(<span class=\"params\">req, res</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  res.end(<span class=\"string\">'Hello Docker!'</span>)</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;)</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">server.listen(<span class=\"number\">3000</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 启动 server</div><div class=\"line\">$ node server.js</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样子整个流程就跑通了，在浏览器里面访问 <code>http://localhost:8888</code>，就可以看到</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/docker.png\" alt=\"/img/docker.png\"></p>\n<p>接下来我们还可以把这个修改过的容器保存下来</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div><div class=\"line\">14</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 退出容器系统</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">exit</span></div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 查看容器信息</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker ps <span class=\"_\">-a</span></div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 将容器转化成镜像，ppxu 是 Docker Hub 上的用户名，cnn 是镜像名，v1 是一个 tag</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker commit -m <span class=\"string\">'add nginx &amp; node to centos'</span> <span class=\"_\">-a</span> <span class=\"string\">'ppxu'</span> web ppxu/cnn:v1</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 查看所有的镜像</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker images</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 运行刚刚保存的镜像</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker run -it -p 8888:80 ppxu/cnn:v1</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>在这个容器中可以看到刚刚安装的 nginx 和 node.js 都正常运行。</p>\n<p>最后我们可以把这个镜像上传到 Docker Hub 中，首先 <a href=\"https://hub.docker.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">注册帐号</a></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 用刚注册的帐号登录</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker login</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 上传镜像</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker push ppxu/cnn:v1</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>然后就可以在 <a href=\"https://hub.docker.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">Docker Hub</a> 上看到刚才上传的镜像了，其他人就可以直接使用这个镜像了。</p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://docs.docker.com/engine/getstarted/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">https://docs.docker.com/engine/getstarted/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://blog.saymagic.cn/2015/06/01/learning-docker.html#bqlkp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external\">http://blog.saymagic.cn/2015/06/01/learning-docker.html#bqlkp</a></li>\n</ul>\n","excerpt":"<p>简单记录一下如何在 Mac 上使用 Docker，并配置 nginx 和 node.js 开发环境的操作步骤。</p>","more":"<p>Mac 上推荐使用官方的安装包来安装 <a href=\"https://www.docker.com/\">Docker</a>，这是 <a href=\"https://download.docker.com/mac/stable/Docker.dmg\">下载地址</a>，安装好后运行软件，在菜单栏上就可以看到一只萌萌的鲸鱼了。</p>\n<p>我的目标是基于一个 Linux 镜像，安装 nginx 和 node.js，运行一个简单的 node.js 服务器。</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://hub.docker.com/explore/\">Docker Hub</a> 上有很多官方和非官方的镜像，我选的是官方的 <a href=\"https://hub.docker.com/_/centos/\">centos</a>。</p>\n<p>下面所有操作都是在命令行中执行。</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 下载最新 centos 镜像</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker pull centos:latest</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 运行这个镜像，参数说明详见 [reference/commandline](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/)</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker run -it --name web -p 8888:80 centos:latest</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>然后命令行就会切换到容器系统的命令行中，下面就是安装 nginx 和 node.js 了。</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># 不更新了，更新会增加几百M镜像体积</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># // 更新包</span></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"comment\"># $ yum -y update</span></div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 安装 nginx</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum -y install wget</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm</div><div class=\"line\">$ rpm -ivh nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum -y install nginx</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 修改一下 nginx 配置，转发 node.js 端口</div><div class=\"line\">$ vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<figure class=\"highlight tp\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">server &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  listen       <span class=\"number\">80</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">  server_name  localhost;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">  location / &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">    proxy_pass        http:<span class=\"comment\">//127.0.0.1:3000/;</span></div><div class=\"line\">    proxy_redirect    off;</div><div class=\"line\">    proxy_set_header  <span class=\"keyword\">X</span>-Real-IP        <span class=\"variable\">$remote_addr</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">    proxy_set_header  <span class=\"keyword\">X</span>-Forwarded-For  <span class=\"variable\">$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for</span>;</div><div class=\"line\">  &#125;</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">  ...</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 启动 nginx</div><div class=\"line\">$ nginx</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>下面是手动编译安装 node.js</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 安装依赖</div><div class=\"line\">$ yum -y install gcc-c++</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 下载最新 node.js</div><div class=\"line\">$ wget https://nodejs.org/dist/v6.5.0/node-v6.5.0.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 解压&amp;安装</div><div class=\"line\">$ tar zxf node-v6.5.0.tar.gz</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">cd</span> node-v6.5.0</div><div class=\"line\">$ ./configure</div><div class=\"line\">$ make &amp;&amp; make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>node.js 安装好后写一个简单的 server.js</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight javascript\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">const</span> http = <span class=\"built_in\">require</span>(<span class=\"string\">'http'</span>)</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\"><span class=\"keyword\">const</span> server = http.createServer(<span class=\"function\">(<span class=\"params\">req, res</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</div><div class=\"line\">  res.end(<span class=\"string\">'Hello Docker!'</span>)</div><div class=\"line\">&#125;)</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">server.listen(<span class=\"number\">3000</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 启动 server</div><div class=\"line\">$ node server.js</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>这样子整个流程就跑通了，在浏览器里面访问 <code>http://localhost:8888</code>，就可以看到</p>\n<p><img src=\"/img/docker.png\" alt=\"/img/docker.png\"></p>\n<p>接下来我们还可以把这个修改过的容器保存下来</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div><div class=\"line\">6</div><div class=\"line\">7</div><div class=\"line\">8</div><div class=\"line\">9</div><div class=\"line\">10</div><div class=\"line\">11</div><div class=\"line\">12</div><div class=\"line\">13</div><div class=\"line\">14</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 退出容器系统</div><div class=\"line\">$ <span class=\"built_in\">exit</span></div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 查看容器信息</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker ps <span class=\"_\">-a</span></div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 将容器转化成镜像，ppxu 是 Docker Hub 上的用户名，cnn 是镜像名，v1 是一个 tag</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker commit -m <span class=\"string\">'add nginx &amp; node to centos'</span> <span class=\"_\">-a</span> <span class=\"string\">'ppxu'</span> web ppxu/cnn:v1</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 查看所有的镜像</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker images</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 运行刚刚保存的镜像</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker run -it -p 8888:80 ppxu/cnn:v1</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>在这个容器中可以看到刚刚安装的 nginx 和 node.js 都正常运行。</p>\n<p>最后我们可以把这个镜像上传到 Docker Hub 中，首先 <a href=\"https://hub.docker.com/\">注册帐号</a></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><table><tr><td class=\"gutter\"><pre><div class=\"line\">1</div><div class=\"line\">2</div><div class=\"line\">3</div><div class=\"line\">4</div><div class=\"line\">5</div></pre></td><td class=\"code\"><pre><div class=\"line\">// 用刚注册的帐号登录</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker login</div><div class=\"line\"></div><div class=\"line\">// 上传镜像</div><div class=\"line\">$ docker push ppxu/cnn:v1</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>\n<p>然后就可以在 <a href=\"https://hub.docker.com/\">Docker Hub</a> 上看到刚才上传的镜像了，其他人就可以直接使用这个镜像了。</p>\n<h4 id=\"参考资料\"><a class=\"header-anchor\" href=\"#参考资料\">¶</a>参考资料</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://docs.docker.com/engine/getstarted/\">https://docs.docker.com/engine/getstarted/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"http://blog.saymagic.cn/2015/06/01/learning-docker.html#bqlkp\">http://blog.saymagic.cn/2015/06/01/learning-docker.html#bqlkp</a></li>\n</ul>"}],"PostAsset":[],"PostCategory":[{"post_id":"cizf7sio60005a3xxp6xvf9ok","category_id":"cizf7sinx0002a3xxa3qhpj7h","_id":"cizf7sioh000aa3xx1h96hq5f"},{"post_id":"cizf7sino0000a3xxxmxo77d3","category_id":"cizf7sinx0002a3xxa3qhpj7h","_id":"cizf7siol000ea3xxuqb41dxq"},{"post_id":"cizf7siod0009a3xx8rely9t2","category_id":"cizf7sinx0002a3xxa3qhpj7h","_id":"cizf7sion000ga3xx6ymtog3k"},{"post_id":"cizf7sint0001a3xxvura8kul","category_id":"cizf7sinx0002a3xxa3qhpj7h","_id":"cizf7siop000ka3xx4igo0cpm"},{"post_id":"cizf7sioh000ba3xxnhokh5p0","category_id":"cizf7sinx0002a3xxa3qhpj7h","_id":"cizf7sior000ma3xx6qoed5fp"},{"post_id":"cizf7sio40004a3xxrlp2zxu9","category_id":"cizf7sinx0002a3xxa3qhpj7h","_id":"cizf7sios000na3xxdgnyn7xr"},{"post_id":"cizf7sion000ha3xxq64rdkm1","category_id":"cizf7sinx0002a3xxa3qhpj7h","_id":"cizf7siot000pa3xxt2fobi9f"},{"post_id":"cizf7siop000la3xxlp5n6wki","category_id":"cizf7sinx0002a3xxa3qhpj7h","_id":"cizf7siow000qa3xx17qulwrb"},{"post_id":"cizf7siol000fa3xxjat2hs9w","category_id":"cizf7siop000ja3xxic35r5ap","_id":"cizf7sioy000sa3xxi8kuciid"}],"PostTag":[{"post_id":"cizf7sino0000a3xxxmxo77d3","tag_id":"cizf7sio30003a3xx3l271kec","_id":"cizf7sioz000ta3xxymjhj4a9"},{"post_id":"cizf7sino0000a3xxxmxo77d3","tag_id":"cizf7sioa0008a3xx0xawrutk","_id":"cizf7sip0000ua3xxbr7mvedg"},{"post_id":"cizf7sino0000a3xxxmxo77d3","tag_id":"cizf7siol000da3xxeogu9xv9","_id":"cizf7sip1000wa3xxc7ene9mh"},{"post_id":"cizf7sino0000a3xxxmxo77d3","tag_id":"cizf7siop000ia3xxrx5neqm5","_id":"cizf7sip2000xa3xxo242pk0f"},{"post_id":"cizf7sino0000a3xxxmxo77d3","tag_id":"cizf7siot000oa3xxp7l5kfer","_id":"cizf7sip2000za3xxusvhbi26"},{"post_id":"cizf7sint0001a3xxvura8kul","tag_id":"cizf7siox000ra3xxtjx5dlsy","_id":"cizf7sip40013a3xxbfiltg2m"},{"post_id":"cizf7sint0001a3xxvura8kul","tag_id":"cizf7sip0000va3xx39xd5hxq","_id":"cizf7sip40014a3xx9zuotgj5"},{"post_id":"cizf7sint0001a3xxvura8kul","tag_id":"cizf7sip2000ya3xx19o6t99v","_id":"cizf7sip40016a3xxvsb52vtw"},{"post_id":"cizf7sint0001a3xxvura8kul","tag_id":"cizf7sip30010a3xxgf2oyp6i","_id":"cizf7sip40017a3xxc90ya2fg"},{"post_id":"cizf7sint0001a3xxvura8kul","tag_id":"cizf7sip30011a3xx35phzh73","_id":"cizf7sip50019a3xxf3dye221"},{"post_id":"cizf7sio40004a3xxrlp2zxu9","tag_id":"cizf7siox000ra3xxtjx5dlsy","_id":"cizf7sip7001ea3xxfxh40vw1"},{"post_id":"cizf7sio40004a3xxrlp2zxu9","tag_id":"cizf7sip0000va3xx39xd5hxq","_id":"cizf7sip8001fa3xx5k8hfoly"},{"post_id":"cizf7sio40004a3xxrlp2zxu9","tag_id":"cizf7sip2000ya3xx19o6t99v","_id":"cizf7sip8001ha3xxkrbdlgn4"},{"post_id":"cizf7sio40004a3xxrlp2zxu9","tag_id":"cizf7sip30010a3xxgf2oyp6i","_id":"cizf7sipa001ia3xxzq8ny3y1"},{"post_id":"cizf7sio40004a3xxrlp2zxu9","tag_id":"cizf7sip5001ba3xxjv2o7va0","_id":"cizf7sipb001ka3xx4kbarbgw"},{"post_id":"cizf7sio40004a3xxrlp2zxu9","tag_id":"cizf7sip6001ca3xxwb6zog3j","_id":"cizf7sipb001la3xxs72cdt9t"},{"post_id":"cizf7sio60005a3xxp6xvf9ok","tag_id":"cizf7siol000da3xxeogu9xv9","_id":"cizf7sipd001na3xx7avfp1ej"},{"post_id":"cizf7sio60005a3xxp6xvf9ok","tag_id":"cizf7sip8001ga3xxx1lnuwpf","_id":"cizf7sipd001oa3xxua6cuu69"},{"post_id":"cizf7sio60005a3xxp6xvf9ok","tag_id":"cizf7sipb001ja3xx9m5kxdsu","_id":"cizf7sipe001qa3xxmomhihle"},{"post_id":"cizf7siod0009a3xx8rely9t2","tag_id":"cizf7siox000ra3xxtjx5dlsy","_id":"cizf7sipk001wa3xx4c5x9q3m"},{"post_id":"cizf7siod0009a3xx8rely9t2","tag_id":"cizf7sip0000va3xx39xd5hxq","_id":"cizf7sipk001xa3xx59z7oscr"},{"post_id":"cizf7siod0009a3xx8rely9t2","tag_id":"cizf7sip2000ya3xx19o6t99v","_id":"cizf7sipl001za3xx2llc31w4"},{"post_id":"cizf7siod0009a3xx8rely9t2","tag_id":"cizf7sipf001sa3xx3w0tstzw","_id":"cizf7sipl0020a3xx0z6wir5m"},{"post_id":"cizf7siod0009a3xx8rely9t2","tag_id":"cizf7siol000da3xxeogu9xv9","_id":"cizf7sipl0022a3xxgztvot96"},{"post_id":"cizf7siod0009a3xx8rely9t2","tag_id":"cizf7siph001ua3xxd2yf5c1e","_id":"cizf7sipl0023a3xxbzxrind2"},{"post_id":"cizf7sioh000ba3xxnhokh5p0","tag_id":"cizf7siox000ra3xxtjx5dlsy","_id":"cizf7sipm0026a3xxayfhjbpz"},{"post_id":"cizf7sioh000ba3xxnhokh5p0","tag_id":"cizf7sip0000va3xx39xd5hxq","_id":"cizf7sipm0027a3xxl3gye0wt"},{"post_id":"cizf7sioh000ba3xxnhokh5p0","tag_id":"cizf7sip2000ya3xx19o6t99v","_id":"cizf7sipn0029a3xxsrqcdll9"},{"post_id":"cizf7sioh000ba3xxnhokh5p0","tag_id":"cizf7sipm0024a3xxqsrjgxv6","_id":"cizf7sipn002aa3xxqbxx2mpy"},{"post_id":"cizf7siol000fa3xxjat2hs9w","tag_id":"cizf7sipm0025a3xxd0pjhwmn","_id":"cizf7sipq002fa3xx43twbzlp"},{"post_id":"cizf7siol000fa3xxjat2hs9w","tag_id":"cizf7sipm0028a3xx225tihsh","_id":"cizf7sipq002ga3xxahz0fetn"},{"post_id":"cizf7siol000fa3xxjat2hs9w","tag_id":"cizf7sipf001sa3xx3w0tstzw","_id":"cizf7sipr002ia3xx5b4mf3ed"},{"post_id":"cizf7siol000fa3xxjat2hs9w","tag_id":"cizf7sipo002ca3xxu7qt4ymp","_id":"cizf7sipr002ja3xx04xbjx53"},{"post_id":"cizf7siol000fa3xxjat2hs9w","tag_id":"cizf7sipo002da3xx0lyrv44v","_id":"cizf7sipr002la3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