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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/>
<title>Plugin Development Guide - RSSH</title>
<meta name="description" content="How to write an rssh plugin: package layout, manifest, the exec bridge API, limits, and the security model."/>
<meta name="theme-color" content="#0b0f16"/>
<link rel="canonical" href="https://rssh.ofcoder.com/plugins.html"/>
<style>
:root {
color-scheme: dark;
--bg: #0b0f16;
--surface: #121a27;
--line: #273247;
--text: #d9e0ed;
--muted: #92a0b6;
--heading: #f6f8fc;
--accent: #6f8cff;
--mono: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
body {
margin: 0;
background:
radial-gradient(circle at top right, rgba(74, 108, 247, 0.14), transparent 32rem),
var(--bg);
color: var(--text);
font: 16px/1.7 -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
}
main {
width: min(820px, calc(100% - 32px));
margin: 48px auto;
padding: clamp(24px, 5vw, 52px);
border: 1px solid var(--line);
border-radius: 20px;
background: rgba(18, 26, 39, 0.92);
}
h1, h2, h3 { color: var(--heading); line-height: 1.25; }
h1 { margin: 0 0 8px; font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 5vw, 2.6rem); }
h2 { margin: 40px 0 10px; font-size: 1.2rem; }
h3 { margin: 24px 0 8px; font-size: 1.02rem; }
p, ul { margin: 10px 0; }
ul { padding-left: 22px; }
li { margin: 4px 0; }
a { color: var(--accent); }
.meta { color: var(--muted); }
.language-divider { margin: 52px 0; border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.back { display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 28px; text-decoration: none; }
pre {
margin: 12px 0;
padding: 14px 16px;
border: 1px solid var(--line);
border-radius: 10px;
background: rgba(11, 15, 22, 0.75);
overflow-x: auto;
font: 13px/1.6 var(--mono);
}
code { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.9em; }
table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; margin: 12px 0; font-size: 14px; }
th, td { border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 7px 10px; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; }
th { color: var(--heading); background: rgba(11, 15, 22, 0.6); }
td code, th code { white-space: nowrap; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<main>
<a class="back" href="/">← RSSH</a>
<section lang="en">
<h1>Plugin Development Guide</h1>
<p class="meta">API version 1</p>
<h2>What a plugin is</h2>
<p>An rssh plugin is a zip: a <code>manifest.json</code> and one self-contained
<code>index.html</code>. rssh loads it into a sandboxed iframe docked to one of two
regions around your terminal — the <strong>side</strong> column or the
<strong>strip</strong> bar.</p>
<p>A plugin has exactly one capability: <strong>exec</strong> — run a command on the
machine of the current tab and get <code>{stdout, stderr, exitCode}</code> back.
Monitoring dashboards, service controls, log viewers — everything is built from that.</p>
<h2>Package layout</h2>
<pre>my-plugin.zip
├── manifest.json required, at the zip root
├── index.html required, the whole UI
└── assets/** optional</pre>
<h2>manifest.json</h2>
<pre>{
"id": "hello-world",
"name": "Hello World",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "Runs one command and shows the output",
"author": "you",
"area": "side",
"api": 1
}</pre>
<table>
<tr><th>Field</th><th>Notes</th></tr>
<tr><td><code>id</code></td><td>Slug <code>^[a-z0-9-]{2,64}$</code>. Doubles as the
install directory; reinstalling the same id upgrades in place.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>name</code> / <code>version</code> / <code>description</code> / <code>author</code></td>
<td>Shown in the plugin manager.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>area</code></td><td><code>"side"</code> or <code>"strip"</code> — which
region the plugin docks to. The backend rejects a zip installed from the other
region's button.</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>api</code></td><td>Must be <code>1</code>.</td></tr>
</table>
<h2>The bridge (API v1)</h2>
<p>The iframe talks to rssh over <code>postMessage</code>. This is the whole protocol:</p>
<table>
<tr><th>Direction</th><th>Message</th><th>Meaning</th></tr>
<tr><td>plugin → host</td><td><code>{v:1, id, cmd:"exec", payload:{command, timeoutMs?}}</code></td>
<td>Run a command.</td></tr>
<tr><td>host → plugin</td><td><code>{v:1, id, ok:true, result:{stdout, stderr, exitCode}}</code></td>
<td>Exec finished.</td></tr>
<tr><td>host → plugin</td><td><code>{v:1, id, ok:false, error:{code, message}}</code></td>
<td>Exec failed.</td></tr>
<tr><td>plugin → host</td><td><code>{v:1, id, cmd:"size", payload:{width?, height?}}</code></td>
<td>Report your natural size (notification, no reply).</td></tr>
<tr><td>host → plugin</td><td><code>{v:1, evt:"hello", payload:{apiVersion, theme}}</code></td>
<td>Fired once on load.</td></tr>
<tr><td>host → plugin</td><td><code>{v:1, evt:"visibility", payload:{visible}}</code></td>
<td>Your tab switched away / came back.</td></tr>
</table>
<p>A minimal client is ~30 lines of vanilla JS — no SDK required:</p>
<pre>let seq = 0;
const pending = new Map();
window.addEventListener("message", (e) => {
const m = e.data;
if (!m || m.v !== 1) return;
if (m.evt === "hello") applyTheme(m.payload.theme);
if (m.evt === "visibility") setVisible(m.payload.visible);
if (m.id && pending.has(m.id)) {
const {resolve, reject} = pending.get(m.id);
pending.delete(m.id);
m.ok ? resolve(m.result) : reject(m.error);
}
});
function exec(command, timeoutMs) {
const id = "q" + (++seq);
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
pending.set(id, {resolve, reject});
parent.postMessage({v: 1, id, cmd: "exec",
payload: {command, timeoutMs}}, "*");
});
}
function applyTheme(tokens) { // match rssh's look in both themes
for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(tokens ?? {}))
document.documentElement.style.setProperty(k, v);
}</pre>
<p><code>exec()</code> resolves with <code>{stdout, stderr, exitCode}</code> or rejects
with <code>{code, message}</code>. Error codes you will actually see:
<code>plugin_no_exec</code> (the tab has no exec channel — telnet/serial),
<code>plugin_exec_timeout</code>, <code>plugin_busy</code>.</p>
<h3>Events</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>hello</code> — arrives once after load. <code>theme</code> carries rssh's
design tokens (<code>--bg</code>, <code>--text</code>, <code>--accent</code>,
…); apply them as CSS custom properties and your UI matches the app for free.</li>
<li><code>visibility</code> — the iframe is keep-alive across tab switches, so this
is how you learn you went to the background. <strong>Pause polling while
hidden.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Sizing your panel</h3>
<p>The sandbox stops rssh from measuring iframe content — only you know your natural
size. Side plugins report their height, strip plugins their width:</p>
<pre>parent.postMessage({v: 1, id: "s1", cmd: "size",
payload: {height: 140}}, "*");</pre>
<h2>Limits</h2>
<table>
<tr><th>What</th><th>Limit</th></tr>
<tr><td>Command length</td><td>4 KB</td></tr>
<tr><td>Concurrent execs per plugin</td><td>4 (excess gets <code>plugin_busy</code>)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Timeout</td><td>clamped to 1–60 s, default 10 s</td></tr>
<tr><td>stdout / stderr</td><td>256 KB each</td></tr>
<tr><td>Zip</td><td>10 MB, ≤ 500 files, no symlinks / <code>..</code> / absolute paths</td></tr>
</table>
<h2>Security model</h2>
<ul>
<li>The iframe runs <code>sandbox="allow-scripts"</code> — an opaque origin. It
cannot read rssh's DOM or storage and cannot invoke Tauri commands.</li>
<li>The host brokers every exec and never hands the plugin a session id.</li>
<li>Commands run as your SSH user, on the machine the current tab is connected to.
<strong>Installing a plugin means trusting its commands</strong> — the same
trust as installing a shell script. v1 has no permission matrix or signatures.</li>
<li>The sandbox has no localStorage. Want config persistence? Store it on the
server — <code>echo > ~/.config/my-plugin.json</code> is one exec away.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Where commands run</h2>
<table>
<tr><th>Tab</th><th>exec runs on</th></tr>
<tr><td>SSH</td><td>the remote machine, over your connection</td></tr>
<tr><td>Local shell</td><td>this machine (a fresh child process per call)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Telnet / serial</td><td>no exec — <code>plugin_no_exec</code></td></tr>
</table>
<p>The plugin never branches on this. The same zip monitors a remote Linux box from an
SSH tab and your laptop from a local shell tab.</p>
<h2>Case study: rssh-plugin-monitor</h2>
<p><a href="https://github.com/rssh-org/rssh-plugin-monitor" target="_blank" rel="noopener">github.com/rssh-org/rssh-plugin-monitor</a>
is the reference implementation — two plugins sharing one SDK:</p>
<pre>sdk/ shared, dependency-free library
host.ts bridge client: exec / onVisibility / autoSize / theme
metrics.ts probe commands + /proc & macOS parsers (pure, tested)
poller.ts poll loop: pause-on-hidden, backoff-on-error
ring.ts fixed-length sparkline buffer
plugins/
icons-monitor/ side region: canvas sparklines + disk bars
text-monitor/ strip region: one monospace text line</pre>
<ul>
<li><strong>One exec per poll.</strong> Five probes (<code>/proc/stat</code>,
<code>/proc/meminfo</code>, <code>/proc/loadavg</code>, <code>/proc/net/dev</code>,
<code>df -Plk</code>) joined into a single shell line with <code>__RSSH_*__</code>
markers, parsed client-side — one round-trip.</li>
<li><strong>Platform probe.</strong> The first poll runs <code>uname -s</code>:
Linux reads <code>/proc</code>, macOS falls back to
<code>vm_stat</code>/<code>sysctl</code>/<code>netstat</code>, anything else
reports unsupported.</li>
<li><strong>Counter diffing.</strong> CPU and network counters are cumulative since
boot; the poller keeps the previous snapshot and diffs.</li>
<li><strong>Lifecycle discipline.</strong> 3 s poll, stops on
<code>visibility: false</code>, backs off on error.</li>
<li><strong>Single-file packaging.</strong> Vite + <code>vite-plugin-singlefile</code>
inlines everything into <code>index.html</code>;
<code>scripts/package.mjs</code> zips it with the manifest.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Case study: rssh-plugin-mascot</h2>
<p><a href="https://github.com/rssh-org/rssh-plugin-mascot" target="_blank" rel="noopener">github.com/rssh-org/rssh-plugin-mascot</a>
is the other end of the spectrum — a purely visual strip plugin that
never calls exec:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>One hand-written <code>index.html</code>.</strong> No build step, no SDK,
no dependencies — a canvas pixel cat, a small behavior state machine, and ~30
lines of bridge code.</li>
<li><strong>Theme and lifecycle only.</strong> It consumes <code>hello</code>
(recolors the cat from the theme tokens) and <code>visibility</code> (stops all
timers when its tab is hidden); the only message it sends is <code>size</code>.</li>
<li><strong>Content-driven size.</strong> The body is shrink-wrapped
(<code>width: fit-content</code>) and a <code>ResizeObserver</code> reports the
measured width — the segment breathes with the speech text and collapses after
it fades.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Packaging and installing</h2>
<ul>
<li>Build to a single <code>index.html</code> (vite-plugin-singlefile, or just write
it by hand). The zip should have no cross-file path dependencies.</li>
<li>Zip <code>manifest.json</code> + <code>index.html</code> (+ optional
<code>assets/</code>).</li>
<li>Install: Settings → Plugins → the install button of the region your
<code>area</code> declares. Reinstalling the same id upgrades in place.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<hr class="language-divider"/>
<section lang="zh">
<h1>插件开发指南</h1>
<p class="meta">API 版本 1</p>
<h2>插件是什么</h2>
<p>rssh 插件就是一个 zip：一份 <code>manifest.json</code> 加一个自包含的
<code>index.html</code>。rssh 把它装进沙箱 iframe，停靠在终端周围两个区域之一 ——
<strong>侧栏</strong>（side column）或<strong>横条</strong>（strip bar）。</p>
<p>插件只有一项能力：<strong>exec</strong> —— 在当前标签页连接的机器上跑一条命令，
拿回 <code>{stdout, stderr, exitCode}</code>。监控面板、服务控制、日志查看器，
全都由它长出来。</p>
<h2>包结构</h2>
<pre>my-plugin.zip
├── manifest.json 必需，zip 根目录
├── index.html 必需，整个 UI
└── assets/** 可选</pre>
<h2>manifest.json</h2>
<pre>{
"id": "hello-world",
"name": "Hello World",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "Runs one command and shows the output",
"author": "you",
"area": "side",
"api": 1
}</pre>
<table>
<tr><th>字段</th><th>说明</th></tr>
<tr><td><code>id</code></td><td>slug <code>^[a-z0-9-]{2,64}$</code>，同时是安装目录名；
重复安装同 id = 原地升级。</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>name</code> / <code>version</code> / <code>description</code> / <code>author</code></td>
<td>展示在插件管理页。</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>area</code></td><td><code>"side"</code> 或 <code>"strip"</code>，声明停靠区域；
从另一个区域的安装入口装会被后端拒绝。</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>api</code></td><td>必须是 <code>1</code>。</td></tr>
</table>
<h2>桥协议（API v1）</h2>
<p>iframe 与 rssh 之间走 <code>postMessage</code>。协议全部内容如下：</p>
<table>
<tr><th>方向</th><th>消息</th><th>含义</th></tr>
<tr><td>插件 → 宿主</td><td><code>{v:1, id, cmd:"exec", payload:{command, timeoutMs?}}</code></td>
<td>跑一条命令。</td></tr>
<tr><td>宿主 → 插件</td><td><code>{v:1, id, ok:true, result:{stdout, stderr, exitCode}}</code></td>
<td>执行完成。</td></tr>
<tr><td>宿主 → 插件</td><td><code>{v:1, id, ok:false, error:{code, message}}</code></td>
<td>执行失败。</td></tr>
<tr><td>插件 → 宿主</td><td><code>{v:1, id, cmd:"size", payload:{width?, height?}}</code></td>
<td>上报自身尺寸（通知，无回复）。</td></tr>
<tr><td>宿主 → 插件</td><td><code>{v:1, evt:"hello", payload:{apiVersion, theme}}</code></td>
<td>加载后发一次。</td></tr>
<tr><td>宿主 → 插件</td><td><code>{v:1, evt:"visibility", payload:{visible}}</code></td>
<td>所在标签页切走 / 切回。</td></tr>
</table>
<p>一个最小客户端 30 行原生 JS 就够，不需要 SDK：</p>
<pre>let seq = 0;
const pending = new Map();
window.addEventListener("message", (e) => {
const m = e.data;
if (!m || m.v !== 1) return;
if (m.evt === "hello") applyTheme(m.payload.theme);
if (m.evt === "visibility") setVisible(m.payload.visible);
if (m.id && pending.has(m.id)) {
const {resolve, reject} = pending.get(m.id);
pending.delete(m.id);
m.ok ? resolve(m.result) : reject(m.error);
}
});
function exec(command, timeoutMs) {
const id = "q" + (++seq);
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
pending.set(id, {resolve, reject});
parent.postMessage({v: 1, id, cmd: "exec",
payload: {command, timeoutMs}}, "*");
});
}
function applyTheme(tokens) { // 跟随 rssh 的明暗主题
for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(tokens ?? {}))
document.documentElement.style.setProperty(k, v);
}</pre>
<p><code>exec()</code> 成功返回 <code>{stdout, stderr, exitCode}</code>，失败抛
<code>{code, message}</code>。常见的错误码：<code>plugin_no_exec</code>
（该类标签页没有 exec 通道，如 telnet/serial）、<code>plugin_exec_timeout</code>、
<code>plugin_busy</code>。</p>
<h3>事件</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>hello</code> —— 加载后发一次。<code>theme</code> 携带 rssh 的设计令牌
（<code>--bg</code>、<code>--text</code>、<code>--accent</code> 等），按 CSS
自定义属性套上，UI 就自动跟随应用主题。</li>
<li><code>visibility</code> —— iframe 在标签页切换间保活，靠这个事件得知自己
进了后台。<strong>不可见时请停止轮询。</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>上报尺寸</h3>
<p>沙箱导致宿主量不到 iframe 内容 —— 只有你自己知道自然尺寸。侧栏插件报高度、
横条插件报宽度：</p>
<pre>parent.postMessage({v: 1, id: "s1", cmd: "size",
payload: {height: 140}}, "*");</pre>
<h2>限制</h2>
<table>
<tr><th>项目</th><th>上限</th></tr>
<tr><td>命令长度</td><td>4 KB</td></tr>
<tr><td>单插件并发 exec</td><td>4（超出收到 <code>plugin_busy</code>）</td></tr>
<tr><td>超时</td><td>钳制在 1–60 秒，默认 10 秒</td></tr>
<tr><td>stdout / stderr</td><td>各 256 KB</td></tr>
<tr><td>zip 包</td><td>10 MB、≤ 500 个文件、拒绝符号链接 / <code>..</code> / 绝对路径</td></tr>
</table>
<h2>安全模型</h2>
<ul>
<li>iframe 以 <code>sandbox="allow-scripts"</code> 运行 —— 不透明 origin，
读不到 rssh 的 DOM 和存储，调不了 Tauri 命令。</li>
<li>每次 exec 都由宿主代理，插件永远拿不到 session id。</li>
<li>命令以你的 SSH 用户身份、在当前标签页连接的机器上执行。
<strong>装一个插件 = 信任它跑的命令</strong>，和装一个 shell 脚本同一级别的信任。
v1 没有权限矩阵、没有签名。</li>
<li>沙箱里没有 localStorage。需要持久化配置？存到服务器上 ——
<code>echo > ~/.config/my-plugin.json</code> 一次 exec 的事。</li>
</ul>
<h2>命令在哪台机器上跑</h2>
<table>
<tr><th>标签页</th><th>exec 执行位置</th></tr>
<tr><td>SSH</td><td>远端机器，走当前连接</td></tr>
<tr><td>本地 shell</td><td>本机（每次调用一个全新子进程）</td></tr>
<tr><td>Telnet / serial</td><td>没有 exec —— <code>plugin_no_exec</code></td></tr>
</table>
<p>插件代码对此零分支：同一个 zip，在 SSH 标签页监控远端 Linux，在本地 shell
标签页监控你手上的这台机器。</p>
<h2>案例：rssh-plugin-monitor</h2>
<p><a href="https://github.com/rssh-org/rssh-plugin-monitor" target="_blank" rel="noopener">github.com/rssh-org/rssh-plugin-monitor</a>
是参考实现 —— 两个插件共享一套 SDK：</p>
<pre>sdk/ 共享零依赖库
host.ts 桥客户端：exec / onVisibility / autoSize / theme
metrics.ts 探测命令 + /proc 与 macOS 解析器（纯函数，带测试）
poller.ts 轮询循环：不可见即停、出错退避
ring.ts 定长火花线缓冲
plugins/
icons-monitor/ 侧栏区：canvas 火花线 + 磁盘条
text-monitor/ 横条区：一行等宽文字</pre>
<ul>
<li><strong>每次轮询只花一次 exec。</strong>五个探测（<code>/proc/stat</code>、
<code>/proc/meminfo</code>、<code>/proc/loadavg</code>、<code>/proc/net/dev</code>、
<code>df -Plk</code>）用 <code>__RSSH_*__</code> 标记拼成一条 shell 命令，
客户端解析 —— 一个来回。</li>
<li><strong>平台探测。</strong>首次轮询先跑 <code>uname -s</code>：Linux 读
<code>/proc</code>，macOS 退到 <code>vm_stat</code>/<code>sysctl</code>/<code>netstat</code>，
其余平台显示不支持。</li>
<li><strong>计数器差分。</strong>CPU 和网络计数器是开机以来的累计值，
轮询器保存上一拍快照做差分。</li>
<li><strong>生命周期纪律。</strong>3 秒一轮；<code>visibility: false</code> 即停；
出错退避。</li>
<li><strong>单文件打包。</strong>Vite + <code>vite-plugin-singlefile</code>
把所有产物内联进 <code>index.html</code>，<code>scripts/package.mjs</code>
连同 manifest 一起打成 zip。</li>
</ul>
<h2>案例：rssh-plugin-mascot</h2>
<p><a href="https://github.com/rssh-org/rssh-plugin-mascot" target="_blank" rel="noopener">github.com/rssh-org/rssh-plugin-mascot</a>
是另一个极端 —— 纯视觉横条插件，从不调用 exec：</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>一个手写的 <code>index.html</code>。</strong>没有构建、没有 SDK、
没有依赖 —— 一只 canvas 像素猫、一个小型行为状态机、约 30 行桥代码。</li>
<li><strong>只用主题和生命周期。</strong>消费 <code>hello</code>（按主题色重绘猫）
与 <code>visibility</code>（所在标签页隐藏即停掉全部定时器）；
对外只发 <code>size</code> 一条消息。</li>
<li><strong>量内容报尺寸。</strong>body 收缩包裹（<code>width: fit-content</code>），
<code>ResizeObserver</code> 上报实测宽度 —— 段宽随台词呼吸，淡出后收回。</li>
</ul>
<h2>打包与安装</h2>
<ul>
<li>构建成单个 <code>index.html</code>（vite-plugin-singlefile，或直接手写）。
zip 内不要有跨文件路径依赖。</li>
<li>把 <code>manifest.json</code> + <code>index.html</code>（可加
<code>assets/</code>）打成 zip。</li>
<li>安装：设置 → 插件 → 点与 <code>area</code> 对应区域的安装按钮。
重复安装同 id 为原地升级。</li>
</ul>
</section>
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