diff --git a/e2e/below-fold-comment.spec.ts b/e2e/below-fold-comment.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a30616
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e/below-fold-comment.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/**
+ * Spec 09 — a comment anchored at the end of a viewport-filling document must be
+ * scrollable fully into view without adding content to the doc.
+ *
+ * The card column is overflow-hidden and its cards paint at `nudgedTop − scrollTop`.
+ * Before the fix, a card whose bottom sat past the document's own content was
+ * unreachable: no scroll position revealed it. App now sizes a dynamic
+ * `.editor-bottom-spacer` on the scrollable content (extending scroll range only
+ * when a low-anchored card needs it) and `scrollCardIntoView` brings the full card
+ * on-screen on activation. This test exercises the real layout end-to-end.
+ */
+import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
+import type { Page } from '@playwright/test';
+
+async function setup(page: Page) {
+  await page.goto('/');
+  const editor = page.locator('.ProseMirror');
+  await editor.waitFor({ timeout: 5000 });
+  await editor.click();
+  await page.waitForTimeout(100);
+  return editor;
+}
+
+test('a comment on the last line of a tall document scrolls fully into view', async ({ page }) => {
+  const editor = await setup(page);
+
+  // Fill well past one viewport so there IS empty space below the last card to
+  // reproduce the bug — a short doc leaves viewport below the anchor already.
+  const lines = 60;
+  for (let i = 0; i < lines; i++) {
+    await page.keyboard.type(`Paragraph ${i} — some body text to give the document height.`);
+    if (i < lines - 1) await page.keyboard.press('Enter');
+  }
+  await page.waitForTimeout(100);
+
+  // Comment on the very last line (cursor is already at document end).
+  await page.keyboard.press('End');
+  await page.keyboard.down('Shift');
+  await page.keyboard.press('Home');
+  await page.keyboard.up('Shift');
+  await page.waitForTimeout(50);
+
+  const plusBtn = page.locator('.add-comment-btn');
+  await plusBtn.click();
+  const textarea = page.locator('.add-comment-compose textarea');
+  await textarea.fill('last-line note');
+  // Submit via Cmd+Enter — the compose popover's submit button can render below
+  // the fold for a last-line selection, so don't depend on it being on-screen.
+  await textarea.press('ControlOrMeta+Enter');
+  await page.waitForTimeout(200);
+
+  // Scroll back to the top so the card starts off-screen and activation has to
+  // bring it into view (adding a comment focuses it, so scroll up first).
+  const scrollArea = page.locator('.editor-scroll-area');
+  await scrollArea.evaluate((el) => (el.scrollTop = 0));
+  await page.waitForTimeout(100);
+
+  // Activate the card by clicking its commented text.
+  const mark = editor.locator('mark[data-comment-id]').last();
+  await mark.scrollIntoViewIfNeeded();
+  await mark.click();
+  await page.waitForTimeout(400); // smooth scroll + one rAF for the spacer effect
+
+  // The card must sit fully within the scroll area's viewport, with a positive
+  // bottom gap — proving the spacer opened enough range and scrollCardIntoView
+  // used it. No content was added to the document to make this fit.
+  const card = page.locator('.comment-card-active');
+  await expect(card).toBeVisible();
+
+  const gaps = await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const area = document.querySelector('.editor-scroll-area') as HTMLElement;
+    const el = document.querySelector('.comment-card-active') as HTMLElement;
+    const a = area.getBoundingClientRect();
+    const c = el.getBoundingClientRect();
+    return { topGap: c.top - a.top, bottomGap: a.bottom - c.bottom };
+  });
+
+  expect(gaps.topGap).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+  expect(gaps.bottomGap).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+});