diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index e571adf..35616c5 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -15,12 +15,15 @@ FetchContent_Declare(
 FetchContent_MakeAvailable(spdlog)
 
 # Please modify the below option.
-set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -DCOMPILE_ZEN_4")
+# set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -DCOMPILE_ZEN_4")
+set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -DCOMPILE_INTEL_SPR")
 # Supported flag:
 #   -DCOMPILE_ALDER_LAKE_DDR4
 #   -DCOMPILE_ALDER_LAKE_DDR5
 #   -DCOMPILE_RAPTOR_LAKE
 #   -DCOMPILE_ZEN_4
+#   -DCOMPILE_INTEL_SKYLAKE
+#   -DCOMPILE_INTEL_SPR
 
 add_compile_options(-Wall -Wextra -O0)
 
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index acb8c94..a846a00 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -107,6 +107,8 @@ sudo numactl -C {core} -m {memory} ./validate_mapping
 ### Decomposing DRAM address mapping into component functions
 
 ```bash
+sudo numactl -N {node} ./bandwidth_test <num_pages> <functions_seperated_by_commas>
+
 sudo numactl -C {core} -m {memory} ./decompose_functions
     -o {fname_prefix} -p {num_pages} -t {ddr_type} -n {num_dimms} \
     -s {dimm_size} -r {num_ranks} -w {dq_width} \
diff --git a/sudoku/internal/CMakeLists.txt b/sudoku/internal/CMakeLists.txt
index 3febbc3..6e005f4 100644
--- a/sudoku/internal/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/sudoku/internal/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ set(SUDOKU_INTERNAL_HEADERS
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/intel_core_12th_ddr5.h
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/intel_core_14th_ddr5.h
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/amd_ryzen_zen4_ddr5.h
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/intel_skylake.h
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/intel_spr.h
 )
 
 add_library(sudoku_internal_lib STATIC
@@ -32,3 +34,24 @@ target_include_directories(sudoku_internal_lib PUBLIC
 )
 
 target_link_libraries(sudoku_internal_lib PUBLIC spdlog::spdlog)
+
+# --------------------------------------------------
+# Bandwidth microbenchmark executable
+# --------------------------------------------------
+
+find_package(OpenMP REQUIRED)
+
+add_executable(bandwidth_test
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/bandwidth.cc
+)
+
+target_compile_options(bandwidth_test PRIVATE -Wall -Wextra -O3)
+
+target_link_libraries(bandwidth_test PRIVATE
+    OpenMP::OpenMP_CXX
+    Threads::Threads
+)
+
+set_target_properties(bandwidth_test PROPERTIES
+    RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin"
+)
diff --git a/sudoku/internal/bandwidth.cc b/sudoku/internal/bandwidth.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a33c1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sudoku/internal/bandwidth.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#include <sstream>
+
+uintptr_t get_physical_address_once(uintptr_t virtual_addr) {
+    int fd = open("/proc/self/pagemap", O_RDONLY);
+    if (fd < 0) return 0;
+    size_t pagesize = getpagesize();
+    off_t offset = (virtual_addr / pagesize) * sizeof(uint64_t);
+    uint64_t entry;
+    if (pread(fd, &entry, sizeof(entry), offset) != sizeof(entry)) {
+        close(fd); 
+        return 0;
+    }
+    close(fd);
+    if (!(entry & (1ULL << 63))) return 0;
+    uintptr_t pfn = entry & ((1ULL << 55) - 1);
+    return (pfn * pagesize) | (virtual_addr % pagesize);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+    if (argc < 3) {
+        std::cerr << "Usage: " << argv[0]
+                  << " <Number of HugePages> <Mask1,Mask2,...>" 
+                  << std::endl;
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    int num_pages = std::stoi(argv[1]);
+    std::string mask_str = argv[2];
+    std::vector<uintptr_t> masks;
+    std::stringstream ss(mask_str);
+    std::string item;
+    while (std::getline(ss, item, ',')) {
+        masks.push_back(std::stoull(item, nullptr, 16));
+    }
+
+    const size_t HUGE_PAGE_SIZE = 1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL; // 1GB
+    size_t total_bytes = (size_t)num_pages * HUGE_PAGE_SIZE;
+
+    void* ptr = mmap(NULL, total_bytes,
+                     PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+                     MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_HUGETLB | (30 << 26),
+                     -1, 0);
+    if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
+        perror("mmap");
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    // [Important] Initialization identical to the original version
+    // (touch only the first byte of each page)
+    char* base_ptr = static_cast<char*>(ptr);
+    for (size_t p = 0; p < (size_t)num_pages; ++p) {
+        base_ptr[p * HUGE_PAGE_SIZE] = 0;
+    }
+
+    for (uintptr_t mask : masks) {
+        std::vector<double*> valid_ptrs;
+
+        // Filtering is performed internally without printing per-mask messages
+        for (size_t p = 0; p < (size_t)num_pages; ++p) {
+            uintptr_t page_vaddr =
+                reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(base_ptr + (p * HUGE_PAGE_SIZE));
+            uintptr_t page_paddr = get_physical_address_once(page_vaddr);
+            if (page_paddr == 0) continue;
+
+            #pragma omp parallel
+            {
+                std::vector<double*> local_ptrs;
+                #pragma omp for nowait
+                for (size_t offset = 0; offset < HUGE_PAGE_SIZE; offset += 64) {
+                    uintptr_t current_paddr = page_paddr + offset;
+                    if ((current_paddr & mask) == 0) {
+                        local_ptrs.push_back(
+                            reinterpret_cast<double*>(page_vaddr + offset));
+                    }
+                }
+                #pragma omp critical
+                valid_ptrs.insert(valid_ptrs.end(),
+                                  local_ptrs.begin(),
+                                  local_ptrs.end());
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (valid_ptrs.empty()) continue;
+
+        // Measurement section (identical to the original)
+        double global_sum = 0.0;
+        size_t n = valid_ptrs.size();
+        auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+
+        #pragma omp parallel for reduction(+:global_sum)
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+            global_sum += *(valid_ptrs[i]);
+        }
+
+        auto end = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+        std::chrono::duration<double> diff = end - start;
+
+        double read_bytes = n * 64.0;
+        double bandwidth =
+            (read_bytes / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0)) / diff.count();
+
+        // Preserve output format
+        std::cout << "Mask: 0x" << std::hex << mask << std::dec
+                  << " | Read bandwidth: " << bandwidth << " GB/s"
+                  << " (Lines: " << n << ")" << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    munmap(ptr, total_bytes);
+    return 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/sudoku/internal/config.h b/sudoku/internal/config.h
index 1dce113..547dbf5 100644
--- a/sudoku/internal/config.h
+++ b/sudoku/internal/config.h
@@ -44,9 +44,11 @@ struct AddressTableEntry {
 
 static constexpr AddressTableEntry DRAMAddressTable[] = {
     // {type, chip_size, dq, bg, ba, row, column, page_size, burst_length}
-    {DDRType::DDR4, 8ULL * GB, 8, 2, 2, 16, 10, 8 * 1024, 8},
-    {DDRType::DDR4, 16ULL * GB, 8, 2, 2, 17, 10, 8 * 1024, 8},
-    {DDRType::DDR5, 16ULL * GB, 8, 3, 2, 16, 10, 8 * 1024, 16},
+    {DDRType::DDR4, 8ULL * GB, 8, 2, 2, 16, 10, 8 * 1024, 8},    // 16GB DDR4 2Rx8
+    {DDRType::DDR4, 16ULL * GB, 8, 2, 2, 17, 10, 8 * 1024, 8},   // 32GB DDR4 2Rx8
+    {DDRType::DDR4, 8ULL * GB, 4, 2, 2, 17, 10, 4 * 1024, 8},    // 32GB DDR4 1Rx4
+    {DDRType::DDR5, 16ULL * GB, 8, 3, 2, 16, 10, 8 * 1024, 16},  // 32GB DDR5 2Rx8
+    {DDRType::DDR5, 16ULL * GB, 4, 3, 2, 16, 11, 8 * 1024, 16},  // 32GB DDR5 1Rx4
 };
 
 static constexpr uint32_t kNumChipEntries =
diff --git a/sudoku/internal/constants.h b/sudoku/internal/constants.h
index 3767d51..cca2954 100644
--- a/sudoku/internal/constants.h
+++ b/sudoku/internal/constants.h
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@
 #include "intel_core_14th_ddr5.h"
 #elif defined(COMPILE_ZEN_4)
 #include "amd_ryzen_zen4_ddr5.h"
+#elif defined(COMPILE_INTEL_SKYLAKE)
+#include "intel_skylake.h"
+#elif defined(COMPILE_INTEL_SPR)
+#include "intel_spr.h"
 #else
 #error "Please add the appropriate header files in compile options."
 #endif
diff --git a/sudoku/internal/intel_skylake.h b/sudoku/internal/intel_skylake.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e86bbe7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sudoku/internal/intel_skylake.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef SUDOKU_INTERNAL_INTEL_SKYLAKE_H
+#define SUDOKU_INTERNAL_INTEL_SKYLAKE_H
+
+#define SBDR_LOWER_BOUND_ 320
+#define SBDR_UPPER_BOUND_ 400
+#define REFRESH_CYCLE_LOWER_BOUND_ 500
+#define REFRESH_CYCLE_UPPER_BOUND_ 1000
+#define BANK_GROUP_THRESHOLD_ 400  // for NUM_READ_STREAM (8) depends on offsets
+#define REGULAR_REFRESH_INTERVAL_THRESHOLD_ 20000
+
+#define PCI_OFFSET_UPPER_BOUND_ 0x0
+#define PCI_OFFSET_LOWER_BOUND_ 0x0
+
+#endif  // SUDOKU_INTERNAL_INTEL_SKYLAKE_H
diff --git a/sudoku/internal/intel_spr.h b/sudoku/internal/intel_spr.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0dfd01e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sudoku/internal/intel_spr.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef SUDOKU_INTERNAL_INTEL_SPR_H
+#define SUDOKU_INTERNAL_INTEL_SPR_H
+
+#define SBDR_LOWER_BOUND_ 390 // 400
+#define SBDR_UPPER_BOUND_ 500 // 800
+#define REFRESH_CYCLE_LOWER_BOUND_ 500
+#define REFRESH_CYCLE_UPPER_BOUND_ 1000
+#define BANK_GROUP_THRESHOLD_ 400  // for NUM_READ_STREAM (8) depends on offsets
+#define REGULAR_REFRESH_INTERVAL_THRESHOLD_ 20000
+
+#define PCI_OFFSET_UPPER_BOUND_ 0x0
+#define PCI_OFFSET_LOWER_BOUND_ 0x0
+
+#endif  // SUDOKU_INTERNAL_INTEL_SPR_H
diff --git a/sudoku/internal/refreshes.cc b/sudoku/internal/refreshes.cc
index 95c8c2f..12fca0e 100644
--- a/sudoku/internal/refreshes.cc
+++ b/sudoku/internal/refreshes.cc
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ uint64_t MedianFineRefreshIntervalPairedMemoryAccess(uint64_t faddr,
 uint64_t AverageRefreshIntervalPairedAccessFine(uint64_t faddr, uint64_t saddr,
                                                 uint64_t threshold) {
   uint64_t** histogram = AllocateHistogram(SUDOKU_REFRESH_NUM_ITERATION, 2);
-  MeasureRefreshPairedAccessCoarse(faddr, saddr, histogram);
+  MeasureRefreshPairedAccessFine(faddr, saddr, histogram);
   // Filter refresh timings and compute intervals
   std::vector<uint64_t> refreshes;
   FilterRefreshTiming(histogram, 3, threshold, refreshes);