diff --git a/lib/steep/interface/builder.rb b/lib/steep/interface/builder.rb
index d9199d51b..364bef532 100644
--- a/lib/steep/interface/builder.rb
+++ b/lib/steep/interface/builder.rb
@@ -767,6 +767,20 @@ def replace_primitive_method(method_name, method_def, method_type)
               )
             end
           end
+
+          if method_def.annotations.any? {|annotation| annotation.string == "primitive:nil?" }
+            return method_type.with(
+              type: method_type.type.with(
+                return_type: AST::Types::Logic::ReceiverIsNil.new(location: method_type.type.return_type.location)
+              )
+            )
+          elsif method_def.annotations.any? {|annotation| annotation.string == "primitive:not_nil?" }
+            return method_type.with(
+              type: method_type.type.with(
+                return_type: AST::Types::Logic::ReceiverIsNotNil.new(location: method_type.type.return_type.location)
+              )
+            )
+          end
         end
 
         method_type
diff --git a/lib/steep/type_inference/logic_type_interpreter.rb b/lib/steep/type_inference/logic_type_interpreter.rb
index d1d2b0fb9..4b9047cce 100644
--- a/lib/steep/type_inference/logic_type_interpreter.rb
+++ b/lib/steep/type_inference/logic_type_interpreter.rb
@@ -300,6 +300,29 @@ def evaluate_method_call(env:, type:, receiver:, arguments:)
             [truthy_result, falsy_result]
           end
 
+        when AST::Types::Logic::ReceiverIsNotNil
+          if receiver && arguments.size.zero?
+            receiver_type = typing.type_of(node: receiver)
+            unwrap = factory.unwrap_optional(receiver_type)
+            truthy_receiver = unwrap || receiver_type
+            falsy_receiver = AST::Builtin.nil_type
+
+            truthy_env, falsy_env = refine_node_type(
+              env: env,
+              node: receiver,
+              truthy_type: truthy_receiver,
+              falsy_type: falsy_receiver
+            )
+
+            truthy_result = Result.new(type: TRUE, env: truthy_env, unreachable: false)
+            truthy_result.unreachable! unless unwrap
+
+            falsy_result = Result.new(type: FALSE, env: falsy_env, unreachable: false)
+            falsy_result.unreachable! if no_subtyping?(sub_type: AST::Builtin.nil_type, super_type: receiver_type)
+
+            [truthy_result, falsy_result]
+          end
+
         when AST::Types::Logic::ReceiverIsArg
           if receiver && (arg = arguments[0])
             receiver_type = typing.type_of(node: receiver)
diff --git a/test/type_construction_test.rb b/test/type_construction_test.rb
index 63b0bd28b..219a169db 100644
--- a/test/type_construction_test.rb
+++ b/test/type_construction_test.rb
@@ -6152,6 +6152,46 @@ def test_logic_receiver_is_nil
     end
   end
 
+  def test_logic_receiver_is_nil_via_annotation
+    with_checker(<<-RBS) do |checker|
+      class Object
+        %a{primitive:nil?}
+        def blank?: () -> bool
+      end
+    RBS
+      source = parse_ruby(<<-RUBY)
+a = [1].first
+return if a.blank?
+a + 1
+      RUBY
+
+      with_standard_construction(checker, source) do |construction, typing|
+        construction.synthesize(source.node)
+        assert_no_error typing
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_logic_receiver_is_not_nil_via_annotation
+    with_checker(<<-RBS) do |checker|
+      class Object
+        %a{primitive:not_nil?}
+        def present?: () -> bool
+      end
+    RBS
+      source = parse_ruby(<<-RUBY)
+a = [1].first
+return unless a.present?
+a + 1
+      RUBY
+
+      with_standard_construction(checker, source) do |construction, typing|
+        construction.synthesize(source.node)
+        assert_no_error typing
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def test_logic_receiver_is_arg
     with_checker(<<-RBS) do |checker|
     RBS