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vim.md

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Grammar:

Verbs

  • Indicate what you want to do ie actions you want to take
    • d : Delete
    • c : Change
    • v : visual mode, V for visual line mode
    • y : Yank (copy)

Modifiers

  • Modifers indicate how you want to take action.
    • i : inside
    • a : around
    • t : till, finds a character and stops just before it
    • f : find, finds a character and stop right on top of it
    • / : find a string or use a regex (foward-slash)

Objects/Subjects

  • Represents object acted upon.
    • w : word
    • s : sentence or )
    • p : paragraph
    • b : block/parentheses
    • t : xhtml tags

In vim (language), we can combine verbs+modifiers+objects to perform efficient actions in vim:

  • diw : delete inside word (inside means the word you are in)
  • yis : yank(copy) contents inside sentence
  • cit : change the contents inside tags
  • ci" : change inside quotes
  • dat : delete around tags
  • yt' : yank(copy) till(before) the ' character
  • c/< : Change till the occurance of {
  • vap : Visually select tags you are in
  • vi{ : Select function blocks in c-style language

Tips:

Read help for a command

:help <command> show help info for a command

Reload vim config:

  • :tabedit ~/.vimrc and do :so % where % stands for current file (better yet, make a mapping for it)
  • :tabedit $MYVIMRC [src]

Edit file in new tab:

:tabedit file.html

Cut and paste(visual mode):

  • Position the cursor where you want to begin cutting.
  • Press v (or upper case V if you want to cut whole lines).
  • Move the cursor to the end of what you want to cut.
  • Press d.
  • Move to where you would like to paste.
  • Press p to paste after the cursor, or P to paste before.

Copy using marks:

  1. Go to start location and set mark using ma where a is the marker.
  2. Then go to end location and type y'a to yank from line containing a to the end location line(the line from where you rank the yank command).
  3. OR to yank to the precise point where mark was set, use ` instead of '

Cut a paragraph:

{d} : { moves to the start of paragraph,d starts deletion and } ends deletion at end of paragraph.

Change case:

  • Enter visual mode
  • Select the text
  • Use U for uppercase or u for lower

Word motion:

  • b to go to beginning of current or previous word
  • w to go the beginning of next word
  • e to go to the end of current or next word
  • :22 - go to line 22

Tab motion:

  • gt = next tab
  • gT = previous tab

Copy to clipboard:

  • gg"*yG - Copy whole file to clipboard
  • "*y$ - Copy to the end of the line in clipboard

Switch files:

  • Ctrl-6 to switch between files
  • Press gfwhile cursor on a file path to go to a file
  • :bf to go back to previous file
  • Ctrl-o go to previous curson position

Tabs:

  • t- opens selected files in tab
  • :tabm n - moves tab to n-th position(base 0), short for :tabmove
  • :h word-motions for more

Join lines:

2J to join 2 lines.

Window management:

  • ctrl+ws - Split windows
  • ctrl+ww - switch between windows
  • ctrl+wq - Quit a window
  • ctrl+wv - Split windows vertically

Moving windows around:

Combination Ctrl+w+ J,K,L,M moves the window around. [src]

Go to right end of line/quote while in insert mode:

In insert more,Ctrl-o immediately followed by A [src]

Find and replace a word in vim:

  • to replace first occurrence of OLD to NEW on current line :s/OLD/NEW
  • to replace all occurrence of OLD to NEW on current line :s/OLD/NEW/g
  • to replace all occurrence of OLD to NEW between two line numbers (# are the line numbers) :#,#s/OLD/NEW/g
  • to replace every occurrence of OLD to NEW on current file :%s/OLD/NEW/g

[src]

Turnoff highlight after a search is done

:nohl Turns off highlight of a previous search if using set hlsearch in .vimrc

To search and replace value under the cursor:

:%s/<c-r><c-w>/new value/g where <c-r><c-w> means to literally type <ctrl-r><ctrl-w> to insert the word under the cursor.

Ignoring case in a pattern

  • When \c appears anywhere in a search pattern, the whole pattern is treated as case insentitive, as if using set ignorecase
  • When \C appears anywhere in a search pattern, the whole pattern is treated as case sensitive. It forces matching case for the whole pattern
  • See: help /\c

Folds:

  • Disable using :set nofoldenable
  • za - toggles
  • zc - closes
  • zo - opens
  • zR - open all
  • zM - close all [src]

Insert text inside tag:

Place cursor in the line and pres cit(change inside tag)

Select/Paste inside tag:

vit (select visually inside tag) or vitp (select visually inside tag and paste)

Delete contents inside tag:

dit (delete inside tag)

Delete surrounding tag:

dst (delete surrounding tag) Deletes a tag, leaving behind only surrounding elements

Delete from current position upto (and including) a character:

dfx (delete upto and including x, f stands for find) where x is a character

Delete until(excluding) a character:

dtx (delete till x) where x is a character

Delete mistyped word:

<C-w> will delete a word just mistyped.[src]

Record a macro:

  1. Press q to start recording.
  2. Then press any letter to use as a register for the recording (say a).
  3. Type commands you wish to record.
  4. Press q again to stop recording.
  5. Play the recording using @a.

Run a macro on selected line:

:5,10norm! @a which runs the macro stored in register @a from line 5 to 10 in normal mode. [[src]] (http://stackoverflow.com/a/390194)

Run last macro:

@@

Run a macro n times:

10@e Runs the macro stored in register @e 10 times

Jumping locations:

Ctrl o jumps backward to previous cursor location Ctrl i jumps forward to newer cursor location

Paste over to inner contents:

vitp Select content inside tag in visual mode and paste over (replace) earlier content to it.

See :help text-objects

Moving within the screen(viewing area)

  • M : move to the middle of the screen
  • L : move to the end of the screen

Move to matching parentheses:

  • % : moves to matches parentheses ([{}])

Indent code inside parentheses

  • >% or <%

Read output from external command

:read !ls tests writes output from ls tests to current buffer [[src]] (http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Append_output_of_an_external_command)

Set working directory to the current file

autocmd BufEnter * lcd %:p:h here % gives the name of the current file, %:p gives its full path, and %:p:h gives its directory (the "head" of the full path). source

Move current tab

tabm 0 moves current tab to the first position, tabm 1 moves current tab to second position. In general tabm N moves tab to N position in a zero based index.

tabm +N moves current tab N places to the right tabm -N moves current tab N places to the left

References

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1218390/what-is-your-most-productive-shortcut-with-vim/1220118#1220118 http://danielmiessler.com/study/vim/

Sparkup:

===

Expansion key:

<Ctrl-e>

Repeat an element n times

td*n repeats the tag n time So pressing td*3 and expansion key will produce:

<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>

Surround:

===

  1. Select the letter, word or line in visual mode.
  2. Press S
  3. Press character to surround with