us_indicator.csv

"INDICATOR_CODE","INDICATOR_NAME","SOURCE_NOTE","SOURCE_ORGANIZATION",
"TX.VAL.TRVL.ZS.WT","Travel services (% of commercial service exports)","Travel services (% of commercial service exports) covers goods and services acquired from an economy by travelers in that economy for their own use during visits of less than one year for business or personal purposes. Travel services include the goods and services consumed by travelers, such as lodging and meals and transport (within the economy visited).","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.OR.ZS","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies outside region are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to other low- and middle-income economies in other World Bank regions according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.VAL.TRAN.ZS.WT","Transport services (% of commercial service imports)","Transport services (% of commercial service imports) covers all transport services (sea, air, land, internal waterway, space, and pipeline) performed by residents of one economy for those of another and involving the carriage of passengers, movement of goods (freight), rental of carriers with crew, and related support and auxiliary services. Excluded are freight insurance, which is included in insurance services; goods procured in ports by nonresident carriers and repairs of transport equipment, which are included in goods; repairs of railway facilities, harbors, and airfield facilities, which are included in construction services; and rental of carriers without crew, which is included in other services.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.AL.ZS","Merchandise imports from economies in the Arab World (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports from economies in the Arab World are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from economies in the Arab World. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.TAX.TCOM.BC.ZS","Binding coverage, primary products (%)","Binding coverage is the percentage of product lines with an agreed bound rate. Bound rates result from trade negotiations incorporated into a country's schedule of concessions and are thus enforceable. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from World Trade Organization.",
"TM.TAX.MANF.BC.ZS","Binding coverage, manufactured products (%)","Binding coverage is the percentage of product lines with an agreed bound rate. Bound rates result from trade negotiations incorporated into a country's schedule of concessions and are thus enforceable. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from World Trade Organization.",
"SP.URB.GROW","Urban population growth (annual %)","Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects.","World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.",
"SP.POP.SCIE.RD.P6","Researchers in R&D (per million people)","The number of researchers engaged in Research &Development (R&D), expressed as per million. Researchers are professionals who conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models techniques instrumentation, software of operational methods. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SP.POP.65UP.FE.ZS","Population ages 65 and above, female (% of female population)","Female population 65 years of age or older as a percentage of the total female population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.3034.MA.5Y","Population ages 30-34, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 30 to 34 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.0509.MA.5Y","Population ages 05-09, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 5 to 9 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.TO65.FE.ZS","Survival to age 65, female (% of cohort)","Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to age specific mortality rates of the specified year.","United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SN.ITK.SVFI.ZS","Prevalence of severe food insecurity in the population (%)","The percentage of people in the population who live in households classified as severely food insecure. A household is classified as severely food insecure when at least one adult in the household has reported to have been exposed, at times during the year, to several of the most severe experiences described in the FIES questions, such as to have been forced to reduce the quantity of the food, to have skipped meals, having gone hungry, or having to go for a whole day without eating because of a lack of money or other resources.","Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)",
"SL.UEM.TOTL.FE.ZS","Unemployment, female (% of female labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)","Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.UEM.1524.MA.ZS","Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)","Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.CACT.FM.ZS","Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (modeled ILO estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate is calculated by dividing female labor force participation rate by male labor force participation rate and multiplying by 100.","Derived using data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. The data was retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ACTI.1524.MA.NE.ZS","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) (national estimate)","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.MA.ZS","Children in employment, male (% of male children ages 7-14)","Children in employment refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.IND.EMPL.FE.ZS","Employment in industry, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The industry sector consists of mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water), in accordance with divisions 2-5 (ISIC 2) or categories C-F (ISIC 3) or categories B-F (ISIC 4).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.MA.ZS","Employment to population ratio, 15+, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.EMP.1524.SP.FE.NE.ZS","Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, female (%) (national estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SI.POV.MDIM.XQ","Multidimensional poverty index (scale 0-1)","Proportion of the population that is multidimensionally poor adjusted by the intensity of the deprivations","Government statistical agencies. Data for EU countires are from the EUROSTAT",
"SI.DST.10TH.10","Income share held by highest 10%","Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.EHEX.PP.CD","External health expenditure per capita, PPP (current international $)","Current external expenditures on health per capita expressed in international dollars at purchasing power parity. External sources are composed of direct foreign transfers and foreign transfers distributed by government encompassing all financial inflows into the national health system from outside the country.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.NOP1.ZS","Proportion of population pushed below the $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure (%)","Proportion of population pushed below the $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure. This indicator shows the fraction of a country’s population experiencing out-of-pocket health impoverishing expenditures, defined as expenditures without which the household they live in would have been above the $ 1.90 poverty line, but because of the expenditures is below the poverty line. Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2021. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021.",
"SH.STA.SUIC.MA.P5","Suicide mortality rate, male (per 100,000 male population)","Suicide mortality rate is the number of suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population. Crude suicide rate (not age-adjusted).","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.STA.ORTH","Diarrhea treatment (% of children under 5 who received ORS packet)","Percentage of children under age 5 with diarrhea in the two weeks preceding the survey who received oral rehydration salts (ORS packets or pre-packaged ORS fluids).","UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SH.STA.BRTC.ZS","Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total)","Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.","UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SH.PRG.ANEM","Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%)","Prevalence of anemia, pregnant women, is the percentage of pregnant women whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository/World Health Statistics.",
"SH.HIV.INCD.ZS","Incidence of HIV, ages 15-49 (per 1,000 uninfected population ages 15-49)","Number of new HIV infections among uninfected populations ages 15-49 expressed per 1,000 uninfected population in the year before the period.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.H2O.BASW.RU.ZS","People using at least basic drinking water services, rural (% of rural population)","The percentage of people using at least basic water services.  This indicator encompasses both people using basic water services as well as those using safely managed water services.  Basic drinking water services is defined as drinking water from an improved source, provided collection time is not more than 30 minutes for a round trip.  Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.DTH.NCOM.ZS","Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total)","Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.","Derived based on the data from Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2020. Link: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death",
"SH.ALC.PCAP.FE.LI","Total alcohol consumption per capita, female (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, female 15+ years of age)","Total alcohol per capita consumption is defined as the total (sum of recorded and unrecorded alcohol) amount of alcohol consumed per person (15 years of age or older) over a calendar year, in litres of pure alcohol, adjusted for tourist consumption.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SE.XPD.TERT.ZS","Expenditure on tertiary education (% of government expenditure on education)","Expenditure on tertiary education is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on education. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.ST.MA.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed short-cycle tertiary, population 25+, male (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed short-cycle tertiary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCHR","Secondary education, teachers","Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.NENR","School enrollment, secondary (% net)","Net enrollment rate is the ratio of children of official school age who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.CUAT.UP.FE.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed upper secondary, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed upper secondary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.UNER","Children out of school, primary","Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.PRS5.MA.ZS","Persistence to grade 5, male (% of cohort)","Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.ENRR.FE","School enrollment, primary, female (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRE.ENRR.MA","School enrollment, preprimary, male (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to programs at the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment and to provide a bridge between home and school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ADT.1524.LT.FE.ZS","Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24)","Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_sa_allsa.ben_q1_tot","Benefit incidence of social safety net programs to poorest quintile (% of total safety net benefits)","Benefit incidence of social safety net programs to poorest quintile shows the percentage of total social safety net benefits received by the poorest 20% of the population. Social safety net programs include cash transfers and last resort programs, noncontributory social pensions, other cash transfers programs (child, family and orphan allowances, birth and death grants, disability benefits, and other allowances), conditional cash transfers, in-kind food transfers (food stamps and vouchers, food rations, supplementary feeding, and emergency food distribution), school feeding, other social assistance programs (housing allowances, scholarships, fee waivers, health subsidies, and other social assistance) and public works programs (cash for work and food for work). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"PA.NUS.FCRF","Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average)","Official exchange rate refers to the exchange rate determined by national authorities or to the rate determined in the legally sanctioned exchange market. It is calculated as an annual average based on monthly averages (local currency units relative to the U.S. dollar).","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.",
"NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.KD","GNI per capita, PPP (constant 2017 international $)","GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2017 international dollars.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GDY.TOTL.KN","Gross domestic income (constant LCU)","Gross domestic income is derived as the sum of GDP and the terms of trade adjustment. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.MKTP.KN","GDP (constant LCU)","GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.DEFL.KD.ZG.AD","Inflation, GDP deflator: linked series (annual %)","Inflation as measured by the annual growth rate of the GDP implicit deflator shows the rate of price change in the economy as a whole. This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years.","World Bank staff estimates based on World Bank national accounts data archives, OECD National Accounts, and the IMF WEO database.",
"NY.ADJ.ICTR.GN.ZS","Adjusted savings: gross savings (% of GNI)","Gross savings are the difference between gross national income and public and private consumption, plus net current transfers.","World Bank national accounts data files.",
"NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS","Services, value added (% of GDP)","Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99 and they include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3 or 4.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.IND.TOTL.KD","Industry (including construction), value added (constant 2015 US$)","Industry (including construction) corresponds to ISIC divisions 05-43 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 10-33). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.AGR.TOTL.CN","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current LCU)","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-3 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.TOTL.KD.ZG","Gross capital formation (annual % growth)","Annual growth rate of gross capital formation based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and ""work in progress."" According to the 2008 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.EXP.GNFS.KN","Exports of goods and services (constant LCU)","Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.TOTL.CD","Final consumption expenditure (current US$)","Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.GOVT.CN","General government final consumption expenditure (current LCU)","General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"LP.LPI.CUST.XQ","Logistics performance index: Efficiency of customs clearance process (1=low to 5=high)","Data are from Logistics Performance Index surveys conducted by the World Bank in partnership with academic and international institutions and private companies and individuals engaged in international logistics. 2009 round of surveys covered more than 5,000 country assessments by nearly 1,000 international freight forwarders. Respondents evaluate eight markets on six core dimensions on a scale from 1 (worst) to 5 (best). The markets are chosen based on the most important export and import markets of the respondent's country, random selection, and, for landlocked countries, neighboring countries that connect them with international markets. Details of the survey methodology are in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete 2010: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy (2010). Respondents evaluated efficiency of customs clearance processes (i.e. speed, simplicity and predictability of formalities), on a rating ranging from 1 (very low) to 5 (very high). Scores are averaged across all respondents.","World Bank and Turku School of Economics, Logistic Performance Index Surveys. Data are available online at: https://lpi.worldbank.org/. Summary results are published in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy, The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators report.",
"IS.RRS.GOOD.MT.K6","Railways, goods transported (million ton-km)","Goods transported by railway are the volume of goods transported by railway, measured in metric tons times kilometers traveled.","Internation Union of Railways (UIC), OECD Statistics",
"IQ.CPA.STRC.XQ","CPIA structural policies cluster average (1=low to 6=high)","The structural policies cluster includes trade, financial sector, and business regulatory environment.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IQ.CPA.ECON.XQ","CPIA economic management cluster average (1=low to 6=high)","The economic management cluster includes macroeconomic management, fiscal policy, and debt policy.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"VC.IDP.NWDS","Internally displaced persons, new displacement associated with disasters (number of cases)","Internally displaced persons are defined according to the 1998 Guiding Principles (http://www.internal-displacement.org/publications/1998/ocha-guiding-principles-on-internal-displacement) as people or groups of people who have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of armed conflict, or to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights, or natural or human-made disasters and who have not crossed an international border. ""New Displacement"" refers to the number of new cases or incidents of displacement recorded over the specified year, rather than the number of people displaced. This is done because people may have been displaced more than once.","The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (http://www.internal-displacement.org/)",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.R3.ZS","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Latin America and the Caribbean are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Latin America and the Caribbean region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TX.MNF.TECH.ZS.UN","Medium and high-tech exports (% manufactured exports)","Share of medium and high-tech manufactured exports in total manufactured exports.","United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Competitive Industrial Performance (CIP) database",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.OR.ZS","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies outside region are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from other low- and middle-income economies in other World Bank regions according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.TAX.TCOM.SM.AR.ZS","Tariff rate, applied, simple mean, primary products (%)","Simple mean applied tariff is the unweighted average of effectively applied rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups. Effectively applied tariff rates at the six- and eight-digit product level are averaged for products in each commodity group. When the effectively applied rate is unavailable, the most favored nation rate is used instead. To the extent possible, specific rates have been converted to their ad valorem equivalent rates and have been included in the calculation of simple mean tariffs. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"TM.TAX.MANF.SM.AR.ZS","Tariff rate, applied, simple mean, manufactured products (%)","Simple mean applied tariff is the unweighted average of effectively applied rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups. Effectively applied tariff rates at the six- and eight-digit product level are averaged for products in each commodity group. When the effectively applied rate is unavailable, the most favored nation rate is used instead. To the extent possible, specific rates have been converted to their ad valorem equivalent rates and have been included in the calculation of simple mean tariffs. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"SP.UWT.TFRT","Unmet need for contraception (% of married women ages 15-49)","Unmet need for contraception is the percentage of fertile, married women of reproductive age who do not want to become pregnant and are not using contraception.","Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. Largely compiled by United Nations Population Division.",
"SP.POP.TOTL.FE.IN","Population, female","Female population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all female residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.65UP.TO","Population ages 65 and above, total","Total population 65 years of age or older. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.4044.FE.5Y","Population ages 40-44, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 40 to 44 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.1519.FE.5Y","Population ages 15-19, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 15 to 19 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.HOU.FEMA.ZS","Female headed households (% of households with a female head)","Female headed households shows the percentage of households with a female head.","Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SP.DYN.AMRT.FE","Mortality rate, adult, female (per 1,000 female adults)","Adult mortality rate, female, is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old female dying before reaching age 60, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year between those ages.","(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. The Human Mortality Database.",
"SL.UEM.TOTL.NE.ZS","Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (national estimate)","Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.UEM.ADVN.FE.ZS","Unemployment with advanced education, female (% of female labor force with advanced education)","The percentage of the labor force with an advanced level of education who are unemployed. Advanced education comprises short-cycle tertiary education, a bachelor’s degree or equivalent education level, a master’s degree or equivalent education level, or doctoral degree or equivalent education level according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.CACT.NE.ZS","Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (national estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ACTI.1524.ZS","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.SW.MA.TM","Average working hours of children, study and work, male, ages 7-14 (hours per week)","Average working hours of children studying and working refer to the average weekly working hours of those children who are attending school in combination with economic activity.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.MNF.0714.FE.ZS","Child employment in manufacturing, female (% of female economically active children ages 7-14)","Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). Manufacturing corresponds to division 3 (ISIC revision 2), category D (ISIC revision 3), or category C (ISIC revision 4). Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.EMP.VULN.FE.ZS","Vulnerable employment, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.","Derived using data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. The data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.1524.SP.MA.ZS","Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SI.POV.UMIC.GP","Poverty gap at $5.50 a day (2011 PPP) (%)","Poverty gap at $5.50 a day (2011 PPP) is the mean shortfall in income or consumption from the poverty line $5.50 a day (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SI.DST.FRST.20","Income share held by lowest 20%","Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.GHED.GE.ZS","Domestic general government health expenditure (% of general government expenditure)","Public expenditure on health from domestic sources as a share of total public expenditure.  It indicates the priority of the government to spend on health from own domestic public resources.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.NOP2.ZG","Increase in poverty gap at $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure (% of poverty line)","Increase in poverty gap at $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure, as a percentage of the $3.20 poverty line. The poverty gap increase due to out-of-pocket health spending is one way to measure how much out-of-pocket health spending pushes people below or further below the poverty line (the difference in the poverty gap due to out-of-pocket health spending being included or excluded from the measure of household welfare). This difference corresponds to the total out-of-pocket health spending for households that are already below the poverty line, to the amount that exceeds the shortfall between the poverty line and total consumption for households that are impoverished by out-of-pocket health spending and to zero for households whose consumption is above the poverty line after accounting for out-of-pocket health spending.","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2019. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2019.  NOTE: This indicator has been discontinued as of December 2021. Please see the following indicators: SH.UHC.FBP1.ZS, SH.UHC.FBP2.ZS, SH.UHC.FBP1.TO and SH.UHC.FBP2.TO.",
"SH.STA.WASH.P5","Mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene (per 100,000 population)","Mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene is deaths attributable to unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene focusing on inadequate WASH services per 100,000 population. Death rates are calculated by dividing the number of deaths by the total population. In this estimate, only the impact of diarrhoeal diseases, intestinal nematode infections, and protein-energy malnutrition are taken into account.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.STA.OWGH.ME.ZS","Prevalence of overweight (modeled estimate, % of children under 5)","Prevalence of overweight children is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations above the median for the international reference population of the corresponding age as established by the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME).",
"SH.STA.FGMS.ZS","Female genital mutilation prevalence (%)","Percentage of women aged 15–49 who have gone through partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for cultural or other non-therapeutic reasons.","UNICEF DATA (http://www.data.unicef.org/);  Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS); Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), and other surveys.",
"SH.PRV.SMOK.MA","Prevalence of current tobacco use, males (% of male adults)","The percentage of the male population ages 15 years and over who currently use any tobacco product (smoked and/or smokeless tobacco) on a daily or non-daily basis. Tobacco products include cigarettes, pipes, cigars, cigarillos, waterpipes (hookah, shisha), bidis, kretek, heated tobacco products, and all forms of smokeless (oral and nasal) tobacco. Tobacco products exclude e-cigarettes (which do not contain tobacco), “e-cigars”, “e-hookahs”, JUUL and “e-pipes”. The rates are age-standardized to the WHO Standard Population.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.IMM.IDPT","Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months)","Child immunization, DPT, measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received DPT vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.","WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/en/).",
"SH.H2O.SMDW.RU.ZS","People using safely managed drinking water services, rural (% of rural population)","The percentage of people using drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.DYN.1014","Probability of dying among adolescents ages 10-14 years (per 1,000)","Probability of dying between age 10-14 years of age expressed per 1,000 adolescents age 10, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SH.ANM.ALLW.ZS","Prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age (% of women ages 15-49)","Prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age refers to the combined prevalence of both non-pregnant with haemoglobin levels below 12 g/dL and pregnant women with haemoglobin levels below 11 g/dL.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository/World Health Statistics.",
"SG.DMK.ALLD.FN.ZS","Women participating in the three decisions (own health care, major household purchases, and visiting family) (% of women age 15-49)","Women participating in the three decisions (own health care, major household purchases, and visiting family) is the percentage of currently married women aged 15-49 who say that they alone or jointly have the final say in all of the three decisions (own health care, large purchases and visits to family, relatives, and friends).","Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)",
"SE.TER.ENRR","School enrollment, tertiary (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.UNER.LO.FE.ZS","Adolescents out of school, female (% of female lower secondary school age)","Adolescents out of school are the percentage of lower secondary school age adolescents who are not enrolled in school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.PRIV.ZS","School enrollment, secondary, private (% of total secondary)","Private enrollment refers to pupils or students enrolled in institutions that are not operated by a public authority but controlled and managed, whether for profit or not, by a private body such as a nongovernmental organization, religious body, special interest group, foundation or business enterprise.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.DURS","Secondary education, duration (years)","Secondary duration refers to the number of grades (years) in secondary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.UNER.MA","Children out of school, primary, male","Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.PRSL.MA.ZS","Persistence to last grade of primary, male (% of cohort)","Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.GINT.MA.ZS","Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education, male (% of relevant age group)","Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRE.TCAQ.ZS","Trained teachers in preprimary education (% of total teachers)","Trained teachers in preprimary education are the percentage of preprimary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ADT.1524.LT.ZS","Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)","Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_sa_allsa.cov_q2_tot","Coverage of social safety net programs in 2nd quintile (% of population)","Coverage of social safety net programs shows the percentage of population participating in cash transfers and last resort programs, noncontributory social pensions, other cash transfers programs (child, family and orphan allowances, birth and death grants, disability benefits, and other allowances), conditional cash transfers, in-kind food transfers (food stamps and vouchers, food rations, supplementary feeding, and emergency food distribution), school feeding, other social assistance programs (housing allowances, scholarships, fee waivers, health subsidies, and other social assistance) and public works programs (cash for work and food for work). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"PA.NUS.PRVT.PP","PPP conversion factor, private consumption (LCU per international $)","Purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion factor is a spatial price deflator and currency converter that controls for price level differences between countries, thereby allowing volume comparisons of gross domestic product (GDP) and its expenditure components. This conversion factor is for household final consumption expenditure.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GNS.ICTR.GN.ZS","Gross savings (% of GNI)","Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.MKTP.CN","GNI (current LCU)","GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.NGAS.RT.ZS","Natural gas rents (% of GDP)","Natural gas rents are the difference between the value of natural gas production at regional prices and total costs of production.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of Nations.",
"NY.GDP.DISC.CN","Discrepancy in expenditure estimate of GDP (current LCU)","Discrepancy in expenditure estimate of GDP is the discrepancy included in final consumption expenditure, etc. (total consumption, etc.). This discrepancy is included to ensure that GDP from the expenditure side equals GDP measured by the income or output approach. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.NNTY.CD","Adjusted net national income (current US$)","Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.DCO2.CD","Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (current US$)","Carbon dioxide damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.","World Bank staff estimates based on Samuel Fankhauser's ""Valuing Climate Change: The Economics of the Greenhouse"" (1995).",
"NV.IND.TOTL.ZS","Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP)","Industry (including construction) corresponds to ISIC divisions 05-43 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 10-33). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.AGR.TOTL.KN","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant LCU)","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-3 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.IMP.GNFS.CD","Imports of goods and services (current US$)","Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.FPRV.ZS","Gross fixed capital formation, private sector (% of GDP)","Private investment covers gross outlays by the private sector (including private nonprofit agencies) on additions to its fixed domestic assets.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.TOTL.KD.ZG","Final consumption expenditure (annual % growth)","Average annual growth of final consumption expenditure based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption). This estimate includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.GOVT.KN","General government final consumption expenditure (constant LCU)","General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.TOTL.KD","Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$)","Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and ""work in progress."" According to the 2008 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.EXP.GNFS.KD.ZG","Exports of goods and services (annual % growth)","Annual growth rate of exports of goods and services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.ZS","Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)","Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This item also includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.GOVT.CD","General government final consumption expenditure (current US$)","General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"LP.IMP.DURS.MD","Lead time to import, median case (days)","Lead time to import is the median time (the value for 50 percent of shipments) from port of discharge to arrival at the consignee. Data are from the Logistics Performance Index survey. Respondents provided separate values for the best case (10 percent of shipments) and the median case (50 percent of shipments). The data are exponentiated averages of the logarithm of single value responses and of midpoint values of range responses for the median case.","World Bank and Turku School of Economics, Logistic Performance Index Surveys. Data are available online at: https://lpi.worldbank.org/. Summary results are published in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy, The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators report.",
"IS.AIR.PSGR","Air transport, passengers carried","Air passengers carried include both domestic and international aircraft passengers of air carriers registered in the country.","International Civil Aviation Organization, Civil Aviation Statistics of the World and ICAO staff estimates.",
"IQ.CPA.SOCI.XQ","CPIA policies for social inclusion/equity cluster average (1=low to 6=high)","The policies for social inclusion and equity cluster includes gender equality, equity of public resource use, building human resources, social protection and labor, and policies and institutions for environmental sustainability.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IQ.CPA.DEBT.XQ","CPIA debt policy rating (1=low to 6=high)","Debt policy assesses whether the debt management strategy is conducive to minimizing budgetary risks and ensuring long-term debt sustainability.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IE.PPI.WATR.CD","Investment in water and sanitation with private participation (current US$)","Investment in water and sanitation projects with private participation refers to commitments to  infrastructure projects in water and sanitation that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets, incinerators, standalone solid waste projects, and small projects are excluded. The types of projects included are management and lease contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data is presented based on investment year. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).",
"IC.REG.PROC","Start-up procedures to register a business (number)","Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.GOV.DURS.ZS","Time spent dealing with the requirements of government regulations (% of senior management time)","Time spent dealing with the requirements of government regulations is the proportion of senior management's time, in a typical week, that is spent dealing with the requirements imposed by government regulations (e.g., taxes, customs, labor regulations, licensing and registration, including dealings with officials, and completing forms).","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.FRM.BKWC.ZS","Firms using banks to finance working capital (% of firms) ","Firms using banks to finance working capital are the percentage of firms using bank loans to finance working capital.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.BUS.DISC.XQ","Business extent of disclosure index (0=less disclosure to 10=more disclosure)","Disclosure index measures the extent to which investors are protected through disclosure of ownership and financial information. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher values indicating more disclosure.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"GC.XPN.OTHR.ZS","Other expense (% of expense)","Other expense is spending on dividends, rent, and other miscellaneous expenses, including provision for consumption of fixed capital.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.INTT.RV.ZS","Taxes on international trade (% of revenue)","Taxes on international trade include import duties, export duties, profits of export or import monopolies, exchange profits, and exchange taxes.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.NLD.TOTL.CN","Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (current LCU)","Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FX.OWN.TOTL.FE.ZS","Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, female (% of population ages 15+)","Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (female, % age 15+).","Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2018, Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.",
"FM.LBL.BMNY.IR.ZS","Broad money to total reserves ratio","Broad money (IFS line 35L..ZK) is the sum of currency outside banks; demand deposits other than those of the central government; the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government; bank and traveler’s checks; and other securities such as certificates of deposit and commercial paper.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"FB.CBK.BRWR.P3","Borrowers from commercial banks (per 1,000 adults)","Borrowers from commercial banks are the reported number of resident customers that are nonfinancial corporations (public and private) and households who obtained loans from commercial banks and other banks functioning as commercial banks. For many countries data cover the total number of loan accounts due to lack of information on loan account holders.","International Monetary Fund, Financial Access Survey.",
"ER.GDP.FWTL.M3.KD","Water productivity, total (constant 2015 US$ GDP per cubic meter of total freshwater withdrawal)","Water productivity is calculated as GDP in constant prices divided by annual total water withdrawal.","Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"EN.HPT.THRD.NO","Plant species (higher), threatened","Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.","United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, and International Union for Conservation of Nature, Red List of Threatened Species.",
"EN.ATM.PM25.MC.M3","PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)","Population-weighted exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution is defined as the average level of exposure of a nation's population to concentrations of suspended particles measuring less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter, which are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing severe health damage. Exposure is calculated by weighting mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 by population in both urban and rural areas.","Brauer, M. et al. 2017, for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.",
"EN.ATM.GHGT.KT.CE","Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)","Total greenhouse gas emissions in kt of CO2 equivalent are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and savanna burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-burn decay, peat fires and decay of drained peatlands), all anthropogenic CH4 sources, N2O sources and F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6).","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions.",
"EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC","Electric power consumption (kWh per capita)","Electric power consumption measures the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants less transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EG.ELC.HYRO.ZS","Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total)","Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Hydropower refers to electricity produced by hydroelectric power plants.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"DT.TDS.DECT.EX.ZS","Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)","Total debt service to exports of goods, services and primary income. Total debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt, and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.UNTA.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNTA (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.PNGB.CD","PNG, bonds (NFL, current US$)","Nonguaranteed long-term debt from bonds that are privately placed. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.DPNG.CD","Net flows on external debt, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (NFL, current US$)","Private nonguaranteed external debt is an external obligation of a private debtor that is not guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.DIMF.CD","Use of IMF credit (DOD, current US$)","Use of IMF Credit: Data related to the operations of the IMF are provided by the IMF Treasurer’s Department. They are converted from special drawing rights into dollars using end-of-period exchange rates for stocks and average-over-the-period exchange rates for flows. IMF trust fund operations under the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility, Extended Fund Facility, Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility, and Structural Adjustment Facility (Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility in 1999) are presented together with all of the IMF’s special facilities (buffer stock, supplemental reserve, compensatory and contingency facilities, oil facilities, and other facilities). SDR allocations are also included in this category. According to the BPM6, SDR allocations are recorded as the incurrence of a debt liability of the member receiving them (because of a requirement to repay the allocation in certain circumstances, and also because interest accrues). This debt item is introduced for the first time this year with historical data starting in 1999.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.NORL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Norway (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.CZEL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Czech Republic (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"BX.TRF.PWKR.CD","Personal transfers, receipts (BoP, current US$)","Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BX.GSR.CCIS.CD","ICT service exports (BoP, current US$)","Information and communication technology service exports include computer and communications services (telecommunications and postal and courier services) and information services (computer data and news-related service transactions). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.TRF.PRVT.CD","Secondary income, other sectors, payments (BoP, current US$)","Secondary income refers to transfers recorded in the balance of payments whenever an economy provides or receives goods, services, income, or financial items without a quid pro quo. All transfers not considered to be capital are current. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.PRD.LVSK.XD","Livestock production index (2014-2016 = 100)","Livestock production index includes meat and milk from all sources, dairy products such as cheese, and eggs, honey, raw silk, wool, and hides and skins.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.LND.EL5M.RU.K2","Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km)","Rural land area below 5m is the total rural land area in square kilometers where the elevation is 5 meters or less.","Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.",
"NE.GDI.FTOT.CD","Gross fixed capital formation (current US$)","Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.TOTL.KN","Final consumption expenditure (constant LCU)","Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption). Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.GOVT.ZS","General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)","General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"LP.LPI.OVRL.XQ","Logistics performance index: Overall (1=low to 5=high)","Logistics Performance Index overall score reflects perceptions of a country's logistics based on efficiency of customs clearance process, quality of trade- and transport-related infrastructure, ease of arranging competitively priced shipments, quality of logistics services, ability to track and trace consignments, and frequency with which shipments reach the consignee within the scheduled time. The index ranges from 1 to 5, with a higher score representing better performance. Data are from Logistics Performance Index surveys conducted by the World Bank in partnership with academic and international institutions and private companies and individuals engaged in international logistics. 2009 round of surveys covered more than 5,000 country assessments by nearly 1,000 international freight forwarders. Respondents evaluate eight markets on six core dimensions on a scale from 1 (worst) to 5 (best). The markets are chosen based on the most important export and import markets of the respondent's country, random selection, and, for landlocked countries, neighboring countries that connect them with international markets. Scores for the six areas are averaged across all respondents and aggregated to a single score using principal components analysis. Details of the survey methodology and index construction methodology are in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete 2010: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy (2010).","World Bank and Turku School of Economics, Logistic Performance Index Surveys. Data are available online at: https://lpi.worldbank.org/. Summary results are published in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy, The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators report.",
"IS.SHP.GOOD.TU","Container port traffic (TEU: 20 foot equivalent units)","Port container traffic measures the flow of containers from land to sea transport modes, and vice versa, in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs), a standard-size container. Data refer to coastal shipping as well as international journeys. Transshipment traffic is counted as two lifts at the intermediate port (once to off-load and again as an outbound lift) and includes empty units.","UNCTAD (http://unctad.org/en/Pages/statistics.aspx)",
"IQ.SCI.OVRL","Statistical Capacity Score (Overall Average) (scale 0 - 100)","The Statistical Capacity Indicator is a composite score assessing the capacity of a country’s statistical system. It is based on a diagnostic framework assessing the following areas: methodology; data sources; and periodicity and timeliness. Countries are scored against 25 criteria in these areas, using publicly available information and/or country input. The overall Statistical Capacity score is then calculated as a simple average of all three area scores on a scale of 0-100.","World Bank, Bulletin Board on Statistical Capacity (http://bbsc.worldbank.org).",
"IQ.CPA.FISP.XQ","CPIA fiscal policy rating (1=low to 6=high)","Fiscal policy assesses the short- and medium-term sustainability of fiscal policy (taking into account monetary and exchange rate policy and the sustainability of the public debt) and its impact on growth.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IP.IDS.NRCT","Industrial design applications, nonresident, by count","Industrial design applications are applications to register an industrial design with a national or regional Intellectual Property (IP) offices and designations received by relevant offices through the Hague System. Industrial designs are applied to a wide variety of industrial products and handicrafts. They refer to the ornamental or aesthetic aspects of a useful article, including compositions of lines or colors or any three-dimensional forms that give a special appearance to a product or handicraft. The holder of a registered industrial design has exclusive rights against unauthorized copying or imitation of the design by third parties. Industrial design registrations are valid for a limited period. The term of protection is usually 15 years for most jurisdictions. However, differences in legislation do exist, notably in China (which provides for a 10-year term from the application date). Non-resident application refers to an application filed with the IP office of or acting on behalf of a state or jurisdiction in which the first-named applicant in the application is not domiciled. Design count is used to render application data for industrial applications across offices comparable, as some offices follow a single-class/single-design filing system while other have a multiple class/design filing system.","World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Statistics Database at www.wipo.int/ipstats/. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.",
"IC.TAX.LABR.CP.ZS","Labor tax and contributions (% of commercial profits)","Labor tax and contributions is the amount of taxes and mandatory contributions on labor paid by the business.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.ISV.DURS","Time to resolve insolvency (years)","Time to resolve insolvency is the number of years from the filing for insolvency in court until the resolution of distressed assets.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.CRIM.ZS","Losses due to theft and vandalism (% of annual sales of affected firms)","Average losses as a result of theft, robbery, vandalism or arson that occurred on the establishment’s premises calculated as a percentage of annual sales. The value represents the average losses for all firms which reported losses (please see indicator IC.FRM.THEV.ZS).","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/)",
"IC.CRD.PRVT.ZS","Private credit bureau coverage (% of adults)","Private credit bureau coverage reports the number of individuals or firms listed by a private credit bureau with current information on repayment history, unpaid debts, or credit outstanding. The number is expressed as a percentage of the adult population.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"GF.XPD.BUDG.ZS","Primary government expenditures as a proportion of original approved budget (%)","Primary government expenditures as a proportion of original approved budget measures the extent to which aggregate budget expenditure outturn reflects the amount originally approved, as defined in government budget documentation and fiscal reports. The coverage is budgetary central government (BCG) and the time period covered is the last three completed fiscal years.","Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA). Ministry of Finance (MoF).",
"GC.TAX.YPKG.CN","Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (current LCU)","Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.REV.SOCL.ZS","Social contributions (% of revenue)","Social contributions include social security contributions by employees, employers, and self-employed individuals, and other contributions whose source cannot be determined. They also include actual or imputed contributions to social insurance schemes operated by governments.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FX.OWN.TOTL.YG.ZS","Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, young adults (% of population ages 15-24)","Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (young adults, % of population ages 15-24).","Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2018, Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.",
"FR.INR.DPST","Deposit interest rate (%)","Deposit interest rate is the rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"FI.RES.TOTL.DT.ZS","Total reserves (% of total external debt)","International reserves to total external debt stocks.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"ER.H2O.FWTL.K3","Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters)","Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.","Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data.",
"EN.POP.EL5M.ZS","Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population)","Population below 5m is the percentage of the total population living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.","Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.",
"EN.ATM.SF6G.KT.CE","SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)","Sulfur hexafluoride is used largely to insulate high-voltage electric power equipment.","European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/",
"EN.ATM.METH.EG.KT.CE","Methane emissions in energy sector (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)","Methane emissions from energy processes are emissions from the production, handling, transmission, and combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.KD.GD","CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP)","Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions. See NY.GDP.MKTP.KD for the denominator's source.",
"EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS","Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output)","Renewable electricity is the share of electrity generated by renewable power plants in total electricity generated by all types of plants.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2018 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"DT.TDS.DPPG.GN.ZS","Public and publicly guaranteed debt service (% of GNI)","Public and publicly guaranteed debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in currency, goods, or services on long-term obligations of public debtors and long-term private obligations guaranteed by a public entity.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.ODA.ALLD.KD","Net official development assistance and official aid received (constant 2018 US$)","Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Net official aid refers to aid flows (net of repayments) from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. Data are in constant 2018 U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.RDBN.CD","Net financial flows, RDB nonconcessional (NFL, current US$)","Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. Nonconcessional financial flows cover all disbursements except those made through concessional lending facilities. Regional development banks are the African Development Bank, in Tunis, Tunisia, which serves all of Africa, including North Africa; the Asian Development Bank, in Manila, Philippines, which serves South and Central Asia and East Asia and Pacific; the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, in London, United Kingdom, which serves Europe and Central Asia; and the Inter-American Development Bank, in Washington, D.C., which serves the Americas. Aggregates include amounts for economies not specified elsewhere. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.IMFC.CD","Net financial flows, IMF concessional (NFL, current US$)","Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IMF is the International Monetary Fund, which provides concessional lending through the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and the IMF Trust Fund. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.DSTC.IR.ZS","Short-term debt (% of total reserves)","Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. Total reserves includes gold.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.SVNL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Slovenia (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.FRAL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, France (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"CM.MKT.LCAP.GD.ZS","Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (% of GDP)","Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding (including their several classes) for listed domestic companies. Investment funds, unit trusts, and companies whose only business goal is to hold shares of other listed companies are excluded. Data are end of year values.","World Federation of Exchanges database.",
"BX.GSR.INSF.ZS","Insurance and financial services (% of service exports, BoP)","Insurance and financial services cover various types of insurance provided to nonresidents by resident insurance enterprises and vice versa, and financial intermediary and auxiliary services (except those of insurance enterprises and pension funds) exchanged between residents and nonresidents.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BN.GSR.FCTY.CD","Net primary income (BoP, current US$)","Net primary income refers to receipts and payments of employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (receipts and payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.GSR.FCTY.CD","Primary income payments (BoP, current US$)","Primary income payments refer to employee compensation paid to nonresident workers and investment income (payments on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.LND.FRST.K2","Forest area (sq. km)","Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"IT.CEL.SETS","Mobile cellular subscriptions","Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry services.","International Telecommunication Union (ITU) World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database",
"IQ.SCI.PRDC","Periodicity and timeliness assessment of statistical capacity (scale 0 - 100)","The periodicity and timeliness indicator assesses the availability and periodicity of key socioeconomic indicators. It measures the extent to which data are made accessible to users through transformation of source data into timely statistical outputs. The periodicity score is calculated as the weighted average of 10 underlying indicator scores. The final periodicity score contributes 1/3 of the overall Statistical Capacity Indicator score.","World Bank, Bulletin Board on Statistical Capacity (http://bbsc.worldbank.org).",
"IQ.CPA.GNDR.XQ","CPIA gender equality rating (1=low to 6=high)","Gender equality assesses the extent to which the country has installed institutions and programs to enforce laws and policies that promote equal access for men and women in education, health, the economy, and protection under law.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IP.IDS.RSCT","Industrial design applications, resident, by count","Industrial design applications are applications to register an industrial design with a national or regional Intellectual Property (IP) offices and designations received by relevant offices through the Hague System. Industrial designs are applied to a wide variety of industrial products and handicrafts. They refer to the ornamental or aesthetic aspects of a useful article, including compositions of lines or colors or any three-dimensional forms that give a special appearance to a product or handicraft. The holder of a registered industrial design has exclusive rights against unauthorized copying or imitation of the design by third parties. Industrial design registrations are valid for a limited period. The term of protection is usually 15 years for most jurisdictions. However, differences in legislation do exist, notably in China (which provides for a 10-year term from the application date). Resident application refers to an application filed with the IP office of or acting on behalf of the state or jurisdiction in which the first-named applicant in the application has residence. Design count is used to render application data for industrial applications across offices comparable, as some offices follow a single-class/single-design filing system while other have a multiple class/design filing system.","World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Statistics Database at www.wipo.int/ipstats/. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.",
"IC.TAX.METG","Number of visits or required meetings with tax officials (average for affected firms)","Average number of visits or required meetings with tax officials during the year. The value represents the average number of visits for all firms which reported being visited or required to meet with tax officials (please see indicator IC.FRM.METG.ZS).","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.LGL.CRED.XQ","Strength of legal rights index (0=weak to 12=strong)","Strength of legal rights index measures the degree to which collateral and bankruptcy laws protect the rights of borrowers and lenders and thus facilitate lending. The index ranges from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating that these laws are better designed to expand access to credit.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.DURS","Time required to obtain an operating license (days)","Time required to obtain operating license is the average wait to obtain an operating license from the day the establishment applied for it to the day it was granted.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.CRD.PUBL.ZS","Public credit registry coverage (% of adults)","Public credit registry coverage reports the number of individuals and firms listed in a public credit registry with current information on repayment history, unpaid debts, or credit outstanding. The number is expressed as a percentage of the adult population.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"HD.HCI.OVRL","Human Capital Index (HCI) (scale 0-1)","The HCI calculates the contributions of health and education to worker productivity. The final index score ranges from zero to one and measures the productivity as a future worker of child born today relative to the benchmark of full health and complete education.","World Bank staff calculations based on the methodology described in World Bank (2018). https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30498",
"GC.TAX.YPKG.RV.ZS","Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (% of revenue)","Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.REV.XGRT.CN","Revenue, excluding grants (current LCU)","Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FX.OWN.TOTL.ZS","Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider (% of population ages 15+)","Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (% age 15+).","Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2018, Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.",
"FR.INR.LEND","Lending interest rate (%)","Lending rate is the bank rate that usually meets the short- and medium-term financing needs of the private sector. This rate is normally differentiated according to creditworthiness of borrowers and objectives of financing. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"FI.RES.TOTL.MO","Total reserves in months of imports","Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. This item shows reserves expressed in terms of the number of months of imports of goods and services they could pay for [Reserves/(Imports/12)].","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS","Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources)","Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.","Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data.",
"EN.POP.SLUM.UR.ZS","Population living in slums (% of urban population)","Population living in slums is the proportion of the urban population living in slum households. A slum household is defined as a group of individuals living under the same roof lacking one or more of the following conditions: access to improved water, access to improved sanitation, sufficient living area, housing durability, and security of tenure, as adopted in the Millennium Development Goal Target 7.D. The successor, the Sustainable Development Goal 11.1.1, considers inadequate housing (housing affordability) to complement the above definition of slums/informal settlements.","United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT)",
"EN.BIR.THRD.NO","Bird species, threatened","Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.","United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, and International Union for Conservation of Nature, Red List of Threatened Species.",
"EN.ATM.METH.EG.ZS","Energy related methane emissions (% of total)","Methane emissions from energy processes are emissions from the production, handling, transmission, and combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.","World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.KT","CO2 emissions (kt)","Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions.",
"EG.ELC.RNWX.KH","Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh)","Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"DT.TDS.DPPG.XP.ZS","Public and publicly guaranteed debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)","Public and publicly guaranteed debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in currency, goods, or services on long-term obligations of public debtors and long-term private obligations guaranteed by a public entity. Exports refer to exports of goods, services, and income.","World Bank.",
"DT.ODA.OATL.CD","Net official aid received (current US$)","Net official aid refers to aid flows (net of repayments) from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.UNAI.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNAIDS (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.IMFN.CD","Net financial flows, IMF nonconcessional (NFL, current US$)","Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IMF is the International Monetary Fund, which provides nonconcessional lending through the credit it provides to its members, mainly to meet balance of payments needs. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.DSTC.XP.ZS","Short-term debt (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)","Short-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original maturity of one year or less. Available data permit no distinction between public and private nonguaranteed short-term debt.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.SWEL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Sweden (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.GBRL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, United Kingdom (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"CM.MKT.LDOM.NO","Listed domestic companies, total","Listed domestic companies, including foreign companies which are exclusively listed, are those which have shares listed on an exchange at the end of the year. Investment funds, unit trusts, and companies whose only business goal is to hold shares of other listed companies, such as holding companies and investment companies, regardless of their legal status, are excluded. A company with several classes of shares is counted once. Only companies admitted to listing on the exchange are included.","World Federation of Exchanges database.",
"BX.GSR.MRCH.CD","Goods exports (BoP, current US$)","Goods exports refer to all movable goods (including nonmonetary gold and net exports of goods under merchanting) involved in a change of ownership from residents to nonresidents. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BN.GSR.GNFS.CD","Net trade in goods and services (BoP, current US$)","Net trade in goods and services is derived by offsetting imports of goods and services against exports of goods and services. Exports and imports of goods and services comprise all transactions involving a change of ownership of goods and services between residents of one country and the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.GSR.GNFS.CD","Imports of goods and services (BoP, current US$)","Imports of goods and services comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents of general merchandise, nonmonetary gold, and services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.LND.FRST.ZS","Forest area (% of land area)","Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems (for example, in fruit plantations and agroforestry systems) and trees in urban parks and gardens.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.AGR.TRAC.NO","Agricultural machinery, tractors","Agricultural machinery refers to the number of wheel and crawler tractors (excluding garden tractors) in use in agriculture at the end of the calendar year specified or during the first quarter of the following year.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"TX.VAL.TRAN.ZS.WT","Transport services (% of commercial service exports)","Transport services (% of commercial service exports) covers all transport services (sea, air, land, internal waterway, space, and pipeline) performed by residents of one economy for those of another and involving the carriage of passengers, movement of goods (freight), rental of carriers with crew, and related support and auxiliary services. Excluded are freight insurance, which is included in insurance services; goods procured in ports by nonresident carriers and repairs of transport equipment, which are included in goods; repairs of railway facilities, harbors, and airfield facilities, which are included in construction services; and rental of carriers without crew, which is included in other services.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.HI.ZS","Merchandise exports to high-income economies (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports to high-income economies are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to high-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.VAL.SERV.CD.WT","Commercial service imports (current US$)","Commercial service imports are total service imports minus imports of government services not included elsewhere. International transactions in services are defined by the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (1993) as the economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. Definitions may vary among reporting economies.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"TM.VAL.MMTL.ZS.UN","Ores and metals imports (% of merchandise imports)","Ores and metals comprise commodities in SITC sections 27 (crude fertilizer, minerals nes); 28 (metalliferous ores, scrap); and 68 (non-ferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.",
"TM.TAX.MRCH.WM.FN.ZS","Tariff rate, most favored nation, weighted mean, all products (%)","Weighted mean most favored nations tariff is the average of most favored nation rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"TM.QTY.MRCH.XD.WD","Import volume index (2000 = 100)","Import volume indexes are derived from UNCTAD's volume index series and are the ratio of the import value indexes to the corresponding unit value indexes. Unit value indexes are based on data reported by countries that demonstrate consistency under UNCTAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD’s estimates using the previous year’s trade values at the Standard International Trade Classification three-digit level as weights. To improve data coverage, especially for the latest periods, UNCTAD constructs a set of average prices indexes at the three-digit product classification of the Standard International Trade Classification revision 3 using UNCTAD’s Commodity Price Statistics, interna­tional and national sources, and UNCTAD secretariat estimates and calculates unit value indexes at the country level using the current year’s trade values as weights. For economies for which UNCTAD does not publish data, the import volume indexes (lines 73) in the IMF's International Financial Statistics are used.","United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files, and International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.",
"SP.RUR.TOTL.ZS","Rural population (% of total population)","Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.","World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.",
"SP.POP.GROW","Population growth (annual %)","Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage . Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","Derived from total population. Population source: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision, (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.",
"SP.POP.65UP.FE.IN","Population ages 65 and above, female","Female population 65 years of age or older. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.3034.FE.5Y","Population ages 30-34, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 30 to 34 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.0509.FE.5Y","Population ages 05-09, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 5 to 9 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.TFRT.IN","Fertility rate, total (births per woman)","Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.","(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.",
"SN.ITK.SALT.ZS","Consumption of iodized salt (% of households)","Percentage of households which have salt they used for cooking that tested positive (>0ppm) for presence of iodine.","United Nations Children's Fund, Division of Data, Analysis, Planning and Monitoring (2019). UNICEF Global Databases on Iodized salt, New York, June 2019",
"SL.UEM.TOTL.FE.NE.ZS","Unemployment, female (% of female labor force) (national estimate)","Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.UEM.1524.MA.NE.ZS","Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-24) (national estimate)","Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.CACT.FM.NE.ZS","Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate is calculated by dividing female labor force participation rate by male labor force participation rate and multiplying by 100.","Derived using data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. The data was retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ACTI.1524.FE.ZS","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate)","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.FE.ZS","Children in employment, female (% of female children ages 7-14)","Children in employment refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.GDP.PCAP.EM.KD","GDP per person employed (constant 2017 PPP $)","GDP per person employed is gross domestic product (GDP) divided by total employment in the economy. Purchasing power parity (PPP) GDP is GDP converted to 2017 constant international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States.","Derived using data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. The data retrieved on June 15, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.MA.NE.ZS","Employment to population ratio, 15+, male (%) (national estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.AGR.EMPL.ZS","Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SI.POV.MDIM.MA","Multidimensional poverty headcount ratio, male (% of male population)","The percentage of male population who are multidimensionally poor","Government statistical agencies. Data for EU countires are from the EUROSTAT",
"SI.DST.05TH.20","Income share held by highest 20%","Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.EHEX.PC.CD","External health expenditure per capita (current US$)","Current external expenditures on health per capita expressed in current US dollars. External sources are composed of direct foreign transfers and foreign transfers distributed by government encompassing all financial inflows into the national health system from outside the country.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.NOP1.ZG","Increase in poverty gap at $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure (% of poverty line)","Increase in poverty gap at $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure, as a percentage of the $1.90 poverty line. The poverty gap increase due to out-of-pocket health spending is one way to measure how much out-of-pocket health spending pushes people below or further below the poverty line (the difference in the poverty gap due to out-of-pocket health spending being included or excluded from the measure of household welfare). This difference corresponds to the total out-of-pocket health spending for households that are already below the poverty line, to the amount that exceeds the shortfall between the poverty line and total consumption for households that are impoverished by out-of-pocket health spending and to zero for households whose consumption is above the poverty line after accounting for out-of-pocket health spending.","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2019. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2019.  NOTE: This indicator has been discontinued as of December 2021. Please see the following indicators: SH.UHC.FBP1.ZS, SH.UHC.FBP2.ZS, SH.UHC.FBP1.TO and SH.UHC.FBP2.TO.",
"SH.STA.SUIC.FE.P5","Suicide mortality rate, female (per 100,000 female population)","Suicide mortality rate is the number of suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population. Crude suicide rate (not age-adjusted).","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.STA.ORCF.ZS","Diarrhea treatment (% of children under 5 receiving oral rehydration and continued feeding)","Children with diarrhea who received oral rehydration and continued feeding refer to the percentage of children under age five with diarrhea in the two weeks prior to the survey who received either oral rehydration therapy or increased fluids, with continued feeding.","UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SH.STA.BFED.ZS","Exclusive breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months)","Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the percentage of children less than six months old who are fed breast milk alone (no other liquids) in the past 24 hours.","UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SH.MMR.RISK.ZS","Lifetime risk of maternal death (%)","Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death.","WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group, and the United Nations Population Division. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 2000 to 2017. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2019",
"SH.HIV.INCD.YG.P3","Incidence of HIV, ages 15-24 (per 1,000 uninfected population ages 15-24)","Number of new HIV infections among uninfected populations ages 15-24 expressed per 1,000 uninfected population ages 15-24 in the year before the period.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.FPL.SATM.ZS","Demand for family planning satisfied by modern methods (% of married women with demand for family planning)","Demand for family planning satisfied by modern methods refers to the percentage of married women ages 15-49 years whose need for family planning is satisfied with modern methods.","Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS).",
"SH.DTH.MORT","Number of under-five deaths","Number of children dying before reaching age five.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SG.VAW.REFU.ZS","Women who believe a husband is justified in beating his wife when she refuses sex with him (%)","Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner when she refuses sex with him.","Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), and other surveys",
"SE.XPD.TERT.PC.ZS","Government expenditure per student, tertiary (% of GDP per capita)","Government expenditure per student is the average general government expenditure (current, capital, and transfers) per student in the given level of education, expressed as a percentage of GDP per capita.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.ST.FE.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed short-cycle tertiary, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed short-cycle tertiary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCAQ.ZS","Trained teachers in secondary education (% of total teachers)","Trained teachers in secondary education are the percentage of secondary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.ENRR.MA","School enrollment, secondary, male (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.CUAT.PO.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed post-secondary, population 25+, total (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed post-secondary non-tertiary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.TENR.MA","Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary, male (% of primary school age children)","Adjusted net enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.PRS5.FE.ZS","Persistence to grade 5, female (% of cohort)","Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.ENRR","School enrollment, primary (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRE.ENRR.FE","School enrollment, preprimary, female (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to programs at the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment and to provide a bridge between home and school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"PX.REX.REER","Real effective exchange rate index (2010 = 100)","Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.",
"per_sa_allsa.adq_pop_tot","Adequacy of social safety net programs (% of total welfare of beneficiary households)","Adequacy of social safety net programs is measured by the total transfer amount received by the population participating in social safety net programs as a share of their total welfare. Welfare is defined as the total income or total expenditure of beneficiary households. Social safety net programs include cash transfers and last resort programs, noncontributory social pensions, other cash transfers programs (child, family and orphan allowances, birth and death grants, disability benefits, and other allowances), conditional cash transfers, in-kind food transfers (food stamps and vouchers, food rations, supplementary feeding, and emergency food distribution), school feeding, other social assistance programs (housing allowances, scholarships, fee waivers, health subsidies, and other social assistance) and public works programs (cash for work and food for work). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"PA.NUS.ATLS","DEC alternative conversion factor (LCU per US$)","The DEC alternative conversion factor is the underlying annual exchange rate used for the World Bank Atlas method. As a rule, it is the official exchange rate reported in the IMF's International Financial Statistics (line rf). Exceptions arise where further refinements are made by World Bank staff. It is expressed in local currency units per U.S. dollar.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics, supplemented by World Bank staff estimates.",
"NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD","GNI per capita, PPP (current international $)","This indicator provides per capita values for gross national income (GNI. Formerly GNP) expressed in current international dollars converted by purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion factor.  GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. PPP conversion factor is a spatial price deflator and currency converter that eliminates the effects of the differences in price levels between countries.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GDS.TOTL.ZS","Gross domestic savings (% of GDP)","Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption).","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG","GDP growth (annual %)","Annual percentage growth rate of GDP at market prices based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.DEFL.KD.ZG","Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %)","Inflation as measured by the annual growth rate of the GDP implicit deflator shows the rate of price change in the economy as a whole. The GDP implicit deflator is the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.DRES.GN.ZS","Adjusted savings: natural resources depletion (% of GNI)","Natural resource depletion is the sum of net forest depletion, energy depletion, and mineral depletion. Net forest depletion is unit resource rents times the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth. Energy depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of energy resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers coal, crude oil, and natural gas. Mineral depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of mineral resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers tin, gold, lead, zinc, iron, copper, nickel, silver, bauxite, and phosphate.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NV.SRV.TOTL.KN","Services, value added (constant LCU)","Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges and import duties. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.IND.TOTL.CN","Industry (including construction), value added (current LCU)","Industry (including construction) corresponds to ISIC divisions 05-43 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 10-33). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.AGR.TOTL.CD","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$)","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-3 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"VC.BTL.DETH","Battle-related deaths (number of people)","Battle-related deaths are deaths in battle-related conflicts between warring parties in the conflict dyad (two conflict units that are parties to a conflict). Typically, battle-related deaths occur in warfare involving the armed forces of the warring parties. This includes traditional battlefield fighting, guerrilla activities, and all kinds of bombardments of military units, cities, and villages, etc. The targets are usually the military itself and its installations or state institutions and state representatives, but there is often substantial collateral damage in the form of civilians being killed in crossfire, in indiscriminate bombings, etc. All deaths--military as well as civilian--incurred in such situations, are counted as battle-related deaths.","Uppsala Conflict Data Program, http://www.pcr.uu.se/research/ucdp/.",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.R1.ZS","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in East Asia and Pacific are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the East Asia and Pacific region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.VAL.TRVL.ZS.WT","Travel services (% of commercial service imports)","Travel services (% of commercial service imports) covers goods and services acquired from an economy by travelers in that economy for their own use during visits of less than one year for business or personal purposes. Travel services include the goods and services consumed by travelers, such as lodging, meals, and transport (within the economy visited).","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.CD.WT","Merchandise imports (current US$)","Merchandise imports show the c.i.f. value of goods received from the rest of the world valued in current U.S. dollars.","World Trade Organization.",
"TM.TAX.TCOM.BR.ZS","Bound rate, simple mean, primary products (%)","Simple mean bound rate is the unweighted average of all the lines in the tariff schedule in which bound rates have been set. Bound rates result from trade negotiations incorporated into a country's schedule of concessions and are thus enforceable. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from World Trade Organization.",
"TM.TAX.MANF.BR.ZS","Bound rate, simple mean, manufactured products (%)","Simple mean bound rate is the unweighted average of all the lines in the tariff schedule in which bound rates have been set. Bound rates result from trade negotiations incorporated into a country's schedule of concessions and are thus enforceable. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from World Trade Organization.",
"SP.URB.TOTL","Urban population","Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization Prospects. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages.","World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.",
"SP.POP.TECH.RD.P6","Technicians in R&D (per million people)","The number of technicians participated in Research & Development (R&D), expressed as per million. Technicians and equivalent staff are people who perform scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts and operational methods, normally under the supervision of researchers. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SP.POP.65UP.MA.IN","Population ages 65 and above, male","Male population 65 years of age or older. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.3539.FE.5Y","Population ages 35-39, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 35 to 39 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.1014.FE.5Y","Population ages 10-14, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 10 to 14 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.TO65.MA.ZS","Survival to age 65, male (% of cohort)","Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to age specific mortality rates of the specified year.","United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SN.ITK.VITA.ZS","Vitamin A supplementation coverage rate (% of children ages 6-59 months)","Vitamin A supplementation refers to the percentage of children ages 6-59 months old who received at least two doses of vitamin A in the previous year.","United Nations Children's Fund, State of the World's Children.",
"SL.UEM.TOTL.MA.NE.ZS","Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) (national estimate)","Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.UEM.1524.NE.ZS","Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) (national estimate)","Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.CACT.MA.NE.ZS","Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) (national estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ACTI.1524.MA.ZS","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate)","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.SW.FE.TM","Average working hours of children, study and work, female, ages 7-14 (hours per week)","Average working hours of children studying and working refer to the average weekly working hours of those children who are attending school in combination with economic activity.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.IND.EMPL.MA.ZS","Employment in industry, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The industry sector consists of mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water), in accordance with divisions 2-5 (ISIC 2) or categories C-F (ISIC 3) or categories B-F (ISIC 4).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.NE.ZS","Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (national estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.EMP.1524.SP.FE.ZS","Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SI.POV.NAHC","Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)","National poverty headcount ratio is the percentage of the population living below the national poverty line(s). National estimates are based on population-weighted subgroup estimates from household surveys. For economies for which the data are from EU-SILC, the reported year is the income reference year, which is the year before the survey year.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are compiled from official government sources or are computed by World Bank staff using national (i.e. country–specific) poverty lines.",
"SI.DST.50MD","Proportion of people living below 50 percent of median income (%)","The percentage of people in the population who live in households whose per capita income or consumption is below half of the median income or consumption per capita. The median is measured at 2011 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) using the Poverty and Inequality Platform (http://www.pip.worldbank.org). For some countries, medians are not reported due to grouped and/or confidential data. The reference year is the year in which the underlying household survey data was collected. In cases for which the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the first year in which data were collected is reported.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.GHED.CH.ZS","Domestic general government health expenditure (% of current health expenditure)","Share of current health expenditures funded from domestic public sources for health.  Domestic public sources include domestic revenue as internal transfers and grants, transfers, subsidies to voluntary health insurance beneficiaries, non-profit institutions serving households (NPISH) or enterprise financing schemes as well as compulsory prepayment and social health insurance contributions. They do not include external resources spent by governments on health.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.NOP2.CG","Increase in poverty gap at $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure (USD)","Increase in poverty gap at $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure, expressed in US dollars (2011 PPP). The poverty gap increase due to out-of-pocket health spending is one way to measure how much out-of-pocket health spending pushes people below or further below the poverty line (the difference in the poverty gap due to out-of-pocket health spending being included or excluded from the measure of household welfare). This difference corresponds to the total out-of-pocket health spending for households that are already below the poverty line, to the amount that exceeds the shortfall between the poverty line and total consumption for households that are impoverished by out-of-pocket health spending and to zero for households whose consumption is above the poverty line after accounting for out-of-pocket health spending.","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2019. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2019.  NOTE: This indicator has been discontinued as of December 2021. Please see the following indicators: SH.UHC.FBP1.ZS, SH.UHC.FBP2.ZS, SH.UHC.FBP1.TO and SH.UHC.FBP2.TO.",
"SH.STA.SUIC.P5","Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population)","Suicide mortality rate is the number of suicide deaths in a year per 100,000 population. Crude suicide rate (not age-adjusted).","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.STA.OWGH.FE.ZS","Prevalence of overweight, weight for height, female (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of overweight, female, is the percentage of girls under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations above the median for the international reference population of the corresponding age as established by the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.BRTW.ZS","Low-birthweight babies (% of births)","Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hour of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred.","UNICEF-WHO Low birthweight estimates [data.unicef.org]",
"SH.PRV.SMOK","Prevalence of current tobacco use (% of adults)","The percentage of the population ages 15 years and over who currently use any tobacco product (smoked and/or smokeless tobacco) on a daily or non-daily basis. Tobacco products include cigarettes, pipes, cigars, cigarillos, waterpipes (hookah, shisha), bidis, kretek, heated tobacco products, and all forms of smokeless (oral and nasal) tobacco. Tobacco products exclude e-cigarettes (which do not contain tobacco), “e-cigars”, “e-hookahs”, JUUL and “e-pipes”. The rates are age-standardized to the WHO Standard Population.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.HIV.PMTC.ZS","Antiretroviral therapy coverage for PMTCT (% of pregnant women living with HIV)","Percentage of pregnant women with HIV who receive antiretroviral medicine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT).","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.H2O.BASW.UR.ZS","People using at least basic drinking water services, urban (% of urban population)","The percentage of people using at least basic water services.  This indicator encompasses both people using basic water services as well as those using safely managed water services.  Basic drinking water services is defined as drinking water from an improved source, provided collection time is not more than 30 minutes for a round trip.  Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.DTH.NMRT","Number of neonatal deaths","Number of neonates dying before reaching 28 days of age.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SH.ALC.PCAP.LI","Total alcohol consumption per capita (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, 15+ years of age)","Total alcohol per capita consumption is defined as the total (sum of recorded and unrecorded alcohol) amount of alcohol consumed per person (15 years of age or older) over a calendar year, in litres of pure alcohol, adjusted for tourist consumption.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SE.XPD.TOTL.GB.ZS","Government expenditure on education, total (% of government expenditure)","General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on all sectors (including health, education, social services, etc.). It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.ST.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed short-cycle tertiary, population 25+, total (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed short-cycle tertiary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCHR.FE","Secondary education, teachers, female","Secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.NENR.FE","School enrollment, secondary, female (% net)","Net enrollment rate is the ratio of children of official school age who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.CUAT.UP.MA.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed upper secondary, population 25+, male (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed upper secondary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.UNER.FE","Children out of school, primary, female","Children out of school are the number of primary-school-age children not enrolled in primary or secondary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.PRS5.ZS","Persistence to grade 5, total (% of cohort)","Persistence to grade 5 (percentage of cohort reaching grade 5) is the share of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach grade 5. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.ENRR.MA","School enrollment, primary, male (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRE.TCAQ.FE.ZS","Trained teachers in preprimary education, female (% of female teachers)","Trained teachers in preprimary education are the percentage of preprimary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ADT.1524.LT.FM.ZS","Literacy rate, youth (ages 15-24), gender parity index (GPI)","Gender parity index for youth literacy rate is the ratio of females to males ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_sa_allsa.cov_pop_tot","Coverage of social safety net programs (% of population)","Coverage of social safety net programs shows the percentage of population participating in cash transfers and last resort programs, noncontributory social pensions, other cash transfers programs (child, family and orphan allowances, birth and death grants, disability benefits, and other allowances), conditional cash transfers, in-kind food transfers (food stamps and vouchers, food rations, supplementary feeding, and emergency food distribution), school feeding, other social assistance programs (housing allowances, scholarships, fee waivers, health subsidies, and other social assistance) and public works programs (cash for work and food for work). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"PA.NUS.PPP","PPP conversion factor, GDP (LCU per international $)","Purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion factor is a spatial price deflator and currency converter that controls for price level differences between countries, thereby allowing volume comparisons of gross domestic product (GDP) and its expenditure components. This conversion factor is for GDP.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GNS.ICTR.CD","Gross savings (current US$)","Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.ATLS.CD","GNI, Atlas method (current US$)","GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD","GDP, PPP (current international $)","This indicator provides values for gross domestic product (GDP) expressed in current international dollars, converted by purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion factor.  GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the country plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. PPP conversion factor is a spatial price deflator and currency converter that eliminates the effects of the differences in price levels between countries.  From April 2020, “GDP: linked series (current LCU)” [NY.GDP.MKTP.CN.AD] is used as underlying GDP in local currency unit so that it’s in line with time series of PPP conversion factors for GDP, which are extrapolated with linked GDP deflators.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GDP.DEFL.ZS","GDP deflator (base year varies by country)","The GDP implicit deflator is the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency. The base year varies by country.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.NNAT.CD","Adjusted savings: net national savings (current US$)","Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.AEDU.CD","Adjusted savings: education expenditure (current US$)","Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment.","World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.",
"NV.IND.TOTL.KD.ZG","Industry (including construction), value added (annual % growth)","Annual growth rate for industrial (including construction) value added based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in  U.S. dollars. Industry corresponds to ISIC divisions 05-43 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 10-33). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.AGR.TOTL.KD","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$)","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing corresponds to ISIC divisions 01-03 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.TOTL.KN","Gross capital formation (constant LCU)","Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and ""work in progress."" According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS","Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)","Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.TOTL.CN","Final consumption expenditure (current LCU)","Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption). Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.KD.ZG","Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (annual % growth)","Annual percentage growth of household and NPISHs final consumption expenditure based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Household and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. This indicator includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households even when reported separately by the country.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"MS.MIL.TOTL.TF.ZS","Armed forces personnel (% of total labor force)","Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces. Labor force comprises all people who meet the International Labour Organization's definition of the economically active population.","International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance.",
"IT.NET.BBND","Fixed broadband subscriptions","Fixed broadband subscriptions refers to fixed subscriptions to high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This includes cable modem, DSL, fiber-to-the-home/building, other fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions, satellite broadband and terrestrial fixed wireless broadband. This total is measured irrespective of the method of payment. It excludes subscriptions that have access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile-cellular networks. It should include fixed WiMAX and any other fixed wireless technologies. It includes both residential subscriptions and subscriptions for organizations.","International Telecommunication Union (ITU) World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database",
"IQ.SPI.PIL2","Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Pillar 2 data services score (scale 0-100)","The data services pillar overall score is a composite indicator based on four dimensions of data services: (i) the quality of data releases, (ii) the richness and openness of online access, (iii) the effectiveness of advisory and analytical services related to statistics, and (iv) the availability and use of data access services such as secure microdata access. Advisory and analytical services might incorporate elements related to data stewardship services including input to national data strategies, advice on data ethics and calling out misuse of data in accordance with the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics.","Statistical Performance Indicators, The World Bank (https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/statistical-performance-indicators)",
"IQ.CPA.PADM.XQ","CPIA quality of public administration rating (1=low to 6=high)","Quality of public administration assesses the extent to which civilian central government staff is structured to design and implement government policy and deliver services effectively.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IP.TMK.NRCT","Trademark applications, nonresident, by count","Trademark applications filed are applications to register a trademark with a national or regional Intellectual Property (IP) offices and designations received by relevant offices through the Madrid System. A trademark is a distinctive sign which identifies certain goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. A trademark provides protection to the owner of the mark by ensuring the exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services, or to authorize another to use it in return for payment. The period of protection varies, but a trademark can be renewed indefinitely beyond the time limit on payment of additional fees. Non-resident application refers to an application filed with the IP office of or acting on behalf of a state or jurisdiction in which the first-named applicant in the application is not domiciled. Class count is used to render application data for trademark applications across offices comparable, as some offices follow a single-class/single-design filing system while other have a multiple class/design filing system.","World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Statistics Database at www.wipo.int/ipstats/. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.",
"IC.TAX.TOTL.CP.ZS","Total tax and contribution rate (% of profit)","Total tax rate measures the amount of taxes and mandatory contributions payable by businesses after accounting for allowable deductions and exemptions as a share of commercial profits. Taxes withheld (such as personal income tax) or collected and remitted to tax authorities (such as value added taxes, sales taxes or goods and service taxes) are excluded.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.REG.COST.PC.FE.ZS","Cost of business start-up procedures, female (% of GNI per capita)","Cost to register a business is normalized by presenting it as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) per capita.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.INFM.ZS","Firms that do not report all sales for tax purposes (% of firms)","Firms that do not report all sales for tax purposes are the percentage of firms that expressed that a typical firm reports less than 100 percent of sales for tax purposes; such firms are termed ""informal firms.""","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.ELC.OUTG.ZS","Firms experiencing electrical outages (% of firms)","Percent of firms experiencing electrical outages during the previous fiscal year.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"HD.HCI.OVRL.LB.MA","Human Capital Index (HCI), Male, Lower Bound (scale 0-1)","The HCI lower bound reflects uncertainty in the measurement of the components and the overall index. It is obtained by recalculating the HCI using estimates of the lower bounds of each of the components of the HCI. The range between the upper and lower bound is the uncertainty interval. While the uncertainty intervals constructed here do not have a rigorous statistical interpretation, a rule of thumb is that if for two countries they overlap substantially, the differences between their HCI values are not likely to be practically meaningful.","World Bank staff calculations based on the methodology described in World Bank (2018). https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30498",
"GC.XPN.GSRV.CN","Goods and services expense (current LCU)","Goods and services include all government payments in exchange for goods and services used for the production of market and nonmarket goods and services. Own-account capital formation is excluded.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.GSRV.CN","Taxes on goods and services (current LCU)","Taxes on goods and services include general sales and turnover or value added taxes, selective excises on goods, selective taxes on services, taxes on the use of goods or property, taxes on extraction and production of minerals, and profits of fiscal monopolies.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.DOD.TOTL.CN","Central government debt, total (current LCU)","Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FS.AST.CGOV.GD.ZS","Claims on central government, etc. (% GDP)","Claims on central government (IFS line 52AN or 32AN) include loans to central government institutions net of deposits.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"FM.AST.DOMS.CN","Net domestic credit (current LCU)","Net domestic credit is the sum of net claims on the central government and claims on other sectors of the domestic economy (IFS line 32). Data are in current local currency.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"ER.MRN.PTMR.ZS","Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters)","Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.","World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) where the compilation and management is carried out by United Nations Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) in collaboration with governments, non-governmental organizations, academia and industry. The data is available online through the Protected Planet website (https://www.protectedplanet.net/).",
"EN.URB.MCTY.TL.ZS","Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population)","Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the percentage of a country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2018 had a population of more than one million people.","United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.",
"EN.CO2.BLDG.ZS","CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion)","CO2 emissions from residential buildings and commercial and public services contains all emissions from fuel combustion in households. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 4 b. Commercial and public services includes emissions from all activities of ISIC Divisions 41, 50-52, 55, 63-67, 70-75, 80, 85, 90-93 and 99.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EN.ATM.NOXE.AG.ZS","Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions (% of total)","Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions are emissions produced through fertilizer use (synthetic and animal manure), animal waste management, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savanna burning.","World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.PP.GD","CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP)","Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions. See NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD for the denominator's source.",
"EG.GDP.PUSE.KO.PP.KD","GDP per unit of energy use (constant 2017 PPP $ per kg of oil equivalent)","GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2017 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EG.EGY.PRIM.PP.KD","Energy intensity level of primary energy (MJ/$2011 PPP GDP)","Energy intensity level of primary energy is the ratio between energy supply and gross domestic product measured at purchasing power parity. Energy intensity is an indication of how much energy is used to produce one unit of economic output. Lower ratio indicates that less energy is used to produce one unit of output.","World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.",
"DT.ODA.ODAT.GN.ZS","Net ODA received (% of GNI)","Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. World Bank GNI estimates are used for the denominator.",
"DT.NFL.UNEC.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNECE (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.MOTH.CD","Net financial flows, others (NFL, current US$)","Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. Others is a residual category in the World Bank's Debtor Reporting System. It includes such institutions as the Caribbean Development Fund, Council of Europe, European Development Fund, Islamic Development Bank, Nordic Development Fund, and the like. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.MWBG.CD","IBRD loans and IDA credits (DOD, current US$)","IBRD loans and IDA credits are public and publicly guaranteed debt extended by the World Bank Group. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) lends at market rates. Credits from the International Development Association (IDA) are at concessional rates. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.ODA.TLDC.GN.ZS","Net ODA provided to the least developed countries (% of GNI)","Net Official development assistance (ODA) comprises grants or loans to developing countries and territories on the OECD/DAC list of aid recipients that are undertaken by the official sector with promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective and at concessional financial terms. The list of least developed countries (LDCs) has been agreed by the General Assembly, on the recommendation of the Committee for Development Policy, Economic and Social Council. Series is shown as a share of donors' GNI.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.",
"DC.DAC.ISLL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Iceland (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.AUSL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Australia (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"BX.GSR.TRAN.ZS","Transport services (% of service exports, BoP)","Transport covers all transport services (sea, air, land, internal waterway, pipeline, space and electricity transmission) performed by residents of one economy for those of another and involving the carriage of passengers, the movement of goods (freight), rental of carriers with crew, and related support and auxiliary services. Also included are postal and courier services. Excluded are freight insurance (included in insurance services); goods procured in ports by nonresident carriers (included in goods); maintenance and repairs on transport equipment (included in maintenance and repair services n.i.e.); and repairs of railway facilities, harbors, and airfield facilities (included in construction).","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BN.KLT.PTXL.CD","Portfolio Investment, net (BoP, current US$)","Portfolio investment covers transactions in equity securities and debt securities. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.GSR.ROYL.CD","Charges for the use of intellectual property, payments (BoP, current US$)","Charges for the use of intellectual property are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of proprietary rights (such as patents, trademarks, copyrights, industrial processes and designs including trade secrets, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals or prototypes (such as copyrights on books and manuscripts, computer software, cinematographic works, and sound recordings) and related rights (such as for live performances and television, cable, or satellite broadcast). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.LND.TOTL.RU.K2","Rural land area (sq. km)","Rural land area in square kilometers, derived from urban extent grids which distinguish urban and rural areas based on a combination of population counts (persons), settlement points, and the presence of Nighttime Lights. Areas are defined as urban where contiguous lighted cells from the Nighttime Lights or approximated urban extents based on buffered settlement points for which the total population is greater than 5,000 persons.","Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.",
"AG.LND.AGRI.ZS","Agricultural land (% of land area)","Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"VC.IHR.PSRC.MA.P5","Intentional homicides, male (per 100,000 male)","Intentional homicides, male are estimates of unlawful male homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.","UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database.",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.R6.ZS","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Sub-Saharan Africa region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TX.VAL.AGRI.ZS.UN","Agricultural raw materials exports (% of merchandise exports)","Agricultural raw materials comprise SITC section 2 (crude materials except fuels) excluding divisions 22, 27 (crude fertilizers and minerals excluding coal, petroleum, and precious stones), and 28 (metalliferous ores and scrap).","World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.R3.ZS","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Latin America and the Caribbean are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Latin America and the Caribbean region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.TAX.TCOM.WM.AR.ZS","Tariff rate, applied, weighted mean, primary products (%)","Weighted mean applied tariff is the average of effectively applied rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. To the extent possible, specific rates have been converted to their ad valorem equivalent rates and have been included in the calculation of weighted mean tariffs. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. Effectively applied tariff rates at the six- and eight-digit product level are averaged for products in each commodity group. When the effectively applied rate is unavailable, the most favored nation rate is used instead. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"TM.TAX.MANF.WM.AR.ZS","Tariff rate, applied, weighted mean, manufactured products (%)","Weighted mean applied tariff is the average of effectively applied rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. To the extent possible, specific rates have been converted to their ad valorem equivalent rates and have been included in the calculation of weighted mean tariffs. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. Effectively applied tariff rates at the six- and eight-digit product level are averaged for products in each commodity group. When the effectively applied rate is unavailable, the most favored nation rate is used instead. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"ST.INT.RCPT.CD","International tourism, receipts (current US$)","International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.",
"SP.POP.TOTL.MA.ZS","Population, male (% of total population)","Male population is the percentage of the population that is male. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.7074.MA.5Y","Population ages 70-74, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 70 to 74 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.4549.MA.5Y","Population ages 45-49, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 45 to 49 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.1564.FE.ZS","Population ages 15-64, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 15 to 64 as a percentage of the total female population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.MTR.1519.ZS","Teenage mothers (% of women ages 15-19 who have had children or are currently pregnant)","Teenage mothers are the percentage of women ages 15-19 who already have children or are currently pregnant.","Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SP.DYN.CDRT.IN","Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people)","Crude death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.","(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.",
"SL.WAG.0714.MA.ZS","Children in employment, wage workers, male (% of male children in employment, ages 7-14)","Wage workers (also known as employees) are people who hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that provide basic remuneration that does not depend directly on the revenue of the unit for which they work.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.UEM.BASC.FE.ZS","Unemployment with basic education, female (% of female labor force with basic education)","The percentage of the labor force with a basic level of education who are unemployed. Basic education comprises primary education or lower secondary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.INTM.MA.ZS","Labor force with intermediate education, male (% of male working-age population with intermediate education)","The ratio of the labor force with intermediate education to the working-age population with intermediate education. Intermediate education comprises upper secondary or post-secondary non tertiary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ACTI.ZS","Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on June 15, 2021.",
"SL.TLF.0714.SW.ZS","Children in employment, study and work (% of children in employment, ages 7-14)","Children in employment refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey. Study and work refer to children attending school in combination with economic activity.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.SLF.0714.FE.ZS","Children in employment, self-employed, female (% of female children in employment, ages 7-14)","Self-employed workers are people whose remuneration depends directly on the profits derived from the goods and services they produce, with or without other employees, and include employers, own-account workers, and members of producers cooperatives.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.EMP.WORK.FE.ZS","Wage and salaried workers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as ""paid employment jobs,"" where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.MPYR.FE.ZS","Employers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a ""self-employment jobs"" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SI.SPR.PC40","Survey mean consumption or income per capita, bottom 40% of population (2011 PPP $ per day)","Mean consumption or income per capita (2011 PPP $ per day) of the bottom 40%, used in calculating the growth rate in the welfare aggregate of the bottom 40% of the population in the income distribution in a country.","World Bank, Global Database of Shared Prosperity (GDSP) (http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/brief/global-database-of-shared-prosperity).",
"SI.POV.GINI","Gini index (World Bank estimate)","Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.OOPC.CH.ZS","Out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure)","Share of out-of-pocket payments of total current health expenditures.  Out-of-pocket payments are spending on health directly out-of-pocket by households.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.OOPC.10.ZS","Proportion of population spending more than 10% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure (%)","Proportion of population spending more than 10% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure. Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2021. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021.",
"SH.STA.WAST.ZS","Prevalence of wasting, weight for height (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of wasting is the proportion of children under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.POIS.P5.FE","Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning, female (per 100,000 female population)","Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisonings is the number of female deaths from unintentional poisonings in a year per 100,000 female population.  Unintentional poisoning can be caused by household chemicals, pesticides, kerosene, carbon monoxide and medicines, or can be the result of environmental contamination or occupational chemical exposure.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.STA.HYGN.ZS","People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water (% of population)","The percentage of people living in households that have a handwashing facility with soap and water available on the premises. Handwashing facilities may be fixed or mobile and include a sink with tap water, buckets with taps, tippy-taps, and jugs or basins designated for handwashing. Soap includes bar soap, liquid soap, powder detergent, and soapy water but does not include ash, soil, sand or other handwashing agents.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.SGR.PROC.P5","Number of surgical procedures (per 100,000 population)","The number of procedures undertaken in an operating theatre per 100,000 population per year in each country. A procedure is defined as the incision, excision, or manipulation of tissue that needs regional or general anaesthesia, or profound sedation to control pain.","The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery (www.lancetglobalsurgery.org).",
"SH.MED.CMHW.P3","Community health workers (per 1,000 people)","Community health workers include various types of community health aides, many with country-specific occupational titles such as community health officers, community health-education workers, family health workers, lady health visitors and health extension package workers.","World Health Organization's Global Health Workforce Statistics, OECD, supplemented by country data.",
"SH.HIV.0014","Children (0-14) living with HIV","Children living with HIV refers to the number of children ages 0-14 who are infected with HIV.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.DYN.AIDS.FE.ZS","Women's share of population ages 15+ living with HIV (%)","Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population ages 15+ who are living with HIV.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.CON.1524.FE.ZS","Condom use, population ages 15-24, female (% of females ages 15-24)","Condom use, female is the percentage of the female population ages 15-24 who used a condom at last intercourse in the last 12 months.","Demographic and Health Surveys, and UNAIDS.",
"SG.LAW.INDX","Women Business and the Law Index Score (scale 1-100)","The index measures how laws and regulations affect women’s economic opportunity.  Overall scores are calculated by taking the average score of each of the eight areas (Going Places, Starting a Job, Getting Paid, Getting Married, Having Children, Running a Business, Managing Assets and Getting a Pension), with 100 representing the highest possible score.","World Bank: Women, Business and the Law. https://wbl.worldbank.org/",
"SE.TER.TCHR.FE.ZS","Tertiary education, academic staff (% female)","Tertiary education, academic staff (% female) is the share of female academic staff in tertiary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.BA.FE.ZS","Educational attainment, at least Bachelor's or equivalent, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Bachelor's or equivalent.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.PROG.ZS","Progression to secondary school (%)","Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year (minus the number of repeaters from the last grade of primary education in the given year).","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.ENRL.GC","Secondary education, general pupils","Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.AGES","Lower secondary school starting age (years)","Lower secondary school starting age is the age at which students would enter lower secondary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.REPT.MA.ZS","Repeaters, primary, male (% of male enrollment)","Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.NENR.FE","School enrollment, primary, female (% net)","Net enrollment rate is the ratio of children of official school age who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.CMPT.MA.ZS","Primary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)","Primary completion rate, or gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary education, is the number of new entrants (enrollments minus repeaters) in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of primary education. Data limitations preclude adjusting for students who drop out during the final year of primary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ADT.LITR.ZS","Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)","Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_sa_allsa.cov_q5_tot","Coverage of social safety net programs in richest quintile (% of population)","Coverage of social safety net programs shows the percentage of population participating in cash transfers and last resort programs, noncontributory social pensions, other cash transfers programs (child, family and orphan allowances, birth and death grants, disability benefits, and other allowances), conditional cash transfers, in-kind food transfers (food stamps and vouchers, food rations, supplementary feeding, and emergency food distribution), school feeding, other social assistance programs (housing allowances, scholarships, fee waivers, health subsidies, and other social assistance) and public works programs (cash for work and food for work). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_allsp.cov_pop_tot","Coverage of social protection and labor programs (% of population)","Coverage of social protection and labor programs (SPL) shows the percentage of population participating in social insurance, social safety net, and unemployment benefits and active labor market programs. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.GSR.NFCY.CN","Net primary income (Net income from abroad) (current LCU)","Net primary income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.MKTP.KD.ZG","GNI growth (annual %)","GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.PCAP.KD","GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$)","GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2015 U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.FCST.CN","Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current LCU)","Gross value added at basic prices (formerly GDP at factor cost) is derived as the sum of the value added in the agriculture, industry and services sectors. If the value added of these sectors is calculated at purchaser values, gross value added at basic prices is derived by subtracting net product taxes from GDP. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.NNTY.PC.CD","Adjusted net national income per capita (current US$)","Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.DFOR.GN.ZS","Adjusted savings: net forest depletion (% of GNI)","Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NV.MNF.MTRN.ZS.UN","Machinery and transport equipment (% of value added in manufacturing)","Value added in manufacturing is the sum of gross output less the value of intermediate inputs used in production for industries classified in ISIC major division D. Machinery and transport equipment correspond to ISIC divisions 29, 30, 32, 34, and 35.","United Nations Industrial Development Organization, International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics.",
"NV.FSM.TOTL.KN","Financial intermediary services indirectly Measured (FISIM) (constant LCU)","Financial intermediation services indirectly measured (FISIM) is an indirect measure of the value of financial intermediation services (i.e. output) provided but for which financial institutions do not charge explicitly as compared to explicit bank charges. Although the 1993 SNA recommends that the FISIM are allocated as intermediate and final consumption to the users, many countries still make a global (negative) adjustment to the sum of gross value added.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.IMP.GNFS.KD.ZG","Imports of goods and services (annual % growth)","Annual growth rate of imports of goods and services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.FTOT.KD","Gross fixed capital formation (constant 2015 US$)","Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 2008 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.DAB.DEFL.ZS","Gross national expenditure deflator (base year varies by country)","Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment).","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.CN","Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current LCU)","Household and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. This indicator includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"TX.VAL.SERV.CD.WT","Commercial service exports (current US$)","Commercial service exports are total service exports minus exports of government services not included elsewhere. International transactions in services are defined by the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (1993) as the economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. Definitions may vary among reporting economies.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"TX.VAL.MMTL.ZS.UN","Ores and metals exports (% of merchandise exports)","Ores and metals comprise the commodities in SITC sections 27 (crude fertilizer, minerals nes); 28 (metalliferous ores, scrap); and 68 (non-ferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.WR.ZS","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.VAL.ICTG.ZS.UN","ICT goods imports (% total goods imports)","Information and communication technology goods imports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).","United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.",
"TM.TAX.MRCH.SM.FN.ZS","Tariff rate, most favored nation, simple mean, all products (%)","Simple mean most favored nation tariff rate is the unweighted average of most favored nation rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"ST.INT.XPND.CD","International tourism, expenditures (current US$)","International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.",
"SP.REG.DTHS.ZS","Completeness of death registration with cause-of-death information (%)","Completeness of death registration is the estimated percentage of deaths that are registered with their cause of death information in the vital registration system of a country.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository/World Health Statistics (http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.1?lang=en).",
"SP.POP.DPND","Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population)","Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents--people younger than 15 or older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.6064.MA.5Y","Population ages 60-64, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 60 to 64 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.2024.MA.5Y","Population ages 20-24, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 20 to 24 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.0014.MA.ZS","Population ages 0-14, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 0 to 14 as a percentage of the total male population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.LE00.FE.IN","Life expectancy at birth, female (years)","Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.","(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.",
"SM.POP.TOTL.ZS","International migrant stock (% of population)","International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.","United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2008 Revision.",
"SL.UEM.NEET.FE.ZS","Share of youth not in education, employment or training, female (% of female youth population)","Share of youth not in education, employment or training (NEET) is the proportion of young people who are not in education, employment, or training to the population of the corresponding age group: youth (ages 15 to 24); persons ages 15 to 29; or both age groups.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.TOTL.IN","Labor force, total","Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. It includes people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but seeking work as well as first-time job-seekers. Not everyone who works is included, however. Unpaid workers, family workers, and students are often omitted, and some countries do not count members of the armed forces. Labor force size tends to vary during the year as seasonal workers enter and leave.","Derived using data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. The data was retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.BASC.ZS","Labor force with basic education (% of total working-age population with basic education)","The ratio of the labor force with basic education to the working-age population with basic education. Basic education comprises primary education or lower secondary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.WK.ZS","Children in employment, work only (% of children in employment, ages 7-14)","Children in employment refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey. Work only refers to children involved in economic activity and not attending school.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.SRV.EMPL.FE.ZS","Employment in services, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The services sector consists of wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services, in accordance with divisions 6-9 (ISIC 2) or categories G-Q (ISIC 3) or categories G-U (ISIC 4).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.FAM.WORK.FE.ZS","Contributing family workers, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Contributing family workers are those workers who hold ""self-employment jobs"" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.SMGT.FE.ZS","Female share of employment in senior and middle management (%) ","The proportion of females in total employment in senior and middle management. It corresponds to major group 1 in both ISCO-08 and ISCO-88 minus category 14 in ISCO-08 (hospitality, retail and other services managers) and minus category 13 in ISCO-88 (general managers), since these comprise mainly managers of small enterprises.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.AGR.0714.ZS","Child employment in agriculture (% of economically active children ages 7-14)","Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2), categories A and B (ISIC revision 3), or category A (ISIC revision 4) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing. Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SI.POV.MDIM.FE","Multidimensional poverty headcount ratio, female (% of female population)","The percentage of female population who are multidimensionally poor","Government statistical agencies. Data for EU countires are from the EUROSTAT",
"SI.DST.02ND.20","Income share held by second 20%","Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.CHEX.PC.CD","Current health expenditure per capita (current US$)","Current expenditures on health per capita in current US dollars. Estimates of current health expenditures include healthcare goods and services consumed during each year.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.TBS.INCD","Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people)","Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new and relapse tuberculosis cases arising in a given year, expressed as the rate per 100,000 population. All forms of TB are included, including cases in people living with HIV. Estimates for all years are recalculated as new information becomes available and techniques are refined, so they may differ from those published previously.","World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report.",
"SH.STA.STNT.MA.ZS","Prevalence of stunting, height for age, male (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of stunting, male, is the percentage of boys under age 5 whose height for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. For children up to two years old height is measured by recumbent length. For older children height is measured by stature while standing. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.ODFC.RU.ZS","People practicing open defecation, rural (% of rural population)","People practicing open defecation refers to the percentage of the population defecating in the open, such as in fields, forest, bushes, open bodies of water, on beaches, in other open spaces or disposed of with solid waste.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.STA.BASS.RU.ZS","People using at least basic sanitation services, rural (% of rural population)","The percentage of people using at least basic sanitation services, that is, improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households.  This indicator encompasses both people using basic sanitation services as well as those using safely managed sanitation services.   Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines; ventilated improved pit latrines, compositing toilets or pit latrines with slabs.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.MLR.TRET.ZS","Children with fever receiving antimalarial drugs (% of children under age 5 with fever)","Malaria treatment refers to the percentage of children under age five who were ill with fever in the last two weeks and received any appropriate (locally defined) anti-malarial drugs.","UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SH.HIV.INCD.TL","Adults (ages 15+) and children (ages 0-14) newly infected with HIV","Number of adults (ages 15+) and children (ages 0-14) newly infected with HIV.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.DYN.NCOM.MA.ZS","Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70, male (%)","Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD is the percent of 30-year-old-people who would die before their 70th birthday from any of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes,  or chronic respiratory disease, assuming that s/he would experience current mortality rates at every age and s/he would not die from any other cause of death (e.g., injuries or HIV/AIDS).","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.DTH.COMM.ZS","Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total)","Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.","Derived based on the data from Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2020. Link: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death",
"SG.VAW.GOES.ZS","Women who believe a husband is justified in beating his wife when she goes out without telling him (%)","Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner when she goes out without telling him.","Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), and other surveys",
"SE.XPD.PRIM.ZS","Expenditure on primary education (% of government expenditure on education)","Expenditure on primary education is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on education. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.MS.FE.ZS","Educational attainment, at least Master's or equivalent, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Master's or equivalent.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCAQ.UP.FE.ZS","Trained teachers in upper secondary education, female (% of female teachers)","Trained teachers in upper secondary education are the percentage of upper secondary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.ENRL.VO.FE.ZS","Secondary education, vocational pupils (% female)","Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.CUAT.LO.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed lower secondary, population 25+, total (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed lower secondary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.TCHR.FE.ZS","Primary education, teachers (% female)","Female teachers as a percentage of total primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.OENR.MA.ZS","Over-age students, primary, male (% of male enrollment)","Over-age students are the percentage of those enrolled who are older than the official school-age range for primary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.ENRL","Primary education, pupils","Primary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRE.DURS","Preprimary education, duration (years)","Preprimary duration refers to the number of grades (years) in preprimary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_si_allsi.cov_q3_tot","Coverage of social insurance programs in 3rd quintile (% of population)","Coverage of social insurance programs shows the percentage of population participating in programs that provide old age contributory pensions (including survivors and disability) and social security and health insurance benefits (including occupational injury benefits, paid sick leave, maternity and other social insurance). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_lm_alllm.cov_q3_tot","Coverage of unemployment benefits and ALMP in 3rd quintile (% of population)","Coverage of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) shows the percentage of population participating in unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.TRF.NCTR.CN","Net secondary income (Net current transfers from abroad) (current LCU)","Net secondary income (from abroad) comprises transfers of income between residents of the reporting country and the rest of the world that carry no provisions for repayment. Net secondary income is equal to the unrequited transfers of income from nonresidents to residents minus the unrequited transfers from residents to nonresidents. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.PCAP.KD","GNI per capita (constant 2015 US$)","GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2015 U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.TOTL.RT.ZS","Total natural resources rents (% of GDP)","Total natural resources rents are the sum of oil rents, natural gas rents, coal rents (hard and soft), mineral rents, and forest rents.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of Nations.",
"NY.GDP.MKTP.CN","GDP (current LCU)","GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.SVNX.GN.ZS","Adjusted net savings, excluding particulate emission damage (% of GNI)","Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.DNGY.GN.ZS","Adjusted savings: energy depletion (% of GNI)","Energy depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of energy resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers coal, crude oil, and natural gas.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NV.SRV.TOTL.CN","Services, value added (current LCU)","Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges and import duties. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.IND.MANF.KN","Manufacturing, value added (constant LCU)","Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.RSB.GNFS.ZS","External balance on goods and services (% of GDP)","External balance on goods and services (formerly resource balance) equals exports of goods and services minus imports of goods and services (previously nonfactor services).","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.STKB.KN","Changes in inventories (constant LCU)","Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and ""work in progress."" Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.EXP.GNFS.CD","Exports of goods and services (current US$)","Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.PC.KD.ZG","Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure per capita growth (annual %)","Annual percentage growth of household final consumption expenditure per capita, which is calculated using household final consumption expenditure in constant 2010 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure (private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"MS.MIL.XPND.GD.ZS","Military expenditure (% of GDP)","Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)","Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Yearbook: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security.",
"IT.NET.SECR.P6","Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people)","The number of distinct, publicly-trusted TLS/SSL certificates found in the Netcraft Secure Server Survey.","Netcraft (http://www.netcraft.com/) and World Bank population estimates.",
"LP.LPI.TRAC.XQ","Logistics performance index: Ability to track and trace consignments (1=low to 5=high)","Data are from Logistics Performance Index surveys conducted by the World Bank in partnership with academic and international institutions and private companies and individuals engaged in international logistics. 2009 round of surveys covered more than 5,000 country assessments by nearly 1,000 international freight forwarders. Respondents evaluate eight markets on six core dimensions on a scale from 1 (worst) to 5 (best). The markets are chosen based on the most important export and import markets of the respondent's country, random selection, and, for landlocked countries, neighboring countries that connect them with international markets. Details of the survey methodology are in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete 2010: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy (2010). Respondents evaluated the ability to track and trace consignments when shipping to the market, on a rating ranging from 1 (very low) to 5 (very high). Scores are averaged across all respondents.","World Bank and Turku School of Economics, Logistic Performance Index Surveys. Data are available online at: https://lpi.worldbank.org/. Summary results are published in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy, The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators report.",
"IT.CEL.SETS.P2","Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)","Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry services.","International Telecommunication Union (ITU) World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database",
"IQ.SCI.SRCE","Source data assessment of statistical capacity (scale 0 - 100)","The source data indicator reflects whether a country conducts data collection activities in line with internationally recommended periodicity, and whether data from administrative systems are available. The source data score is calculated as the weighted average of 5 underlying indicator scores. The final source data score contributes 1/3 of the overall Statistical Capacity Indicator score.","World Bank, Bulletin Board on Statistical Capacity (http://bbsc.worldbank.org).",
"IQ.CPA.HRES.XQ","CPIA building human resources rating (1=low to 6=high)","Building human resources assesses the national policies and public and private sector service delivery that affect the access to and quality of health and education services, including prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IP.JRN.ARTC.SC","Scientific and technical journal articles","Scientific and technical journal articles refer to the number of scientific and engineering articles published in the following fields: physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering and technology, and earth and space sciences.","National Science Foundation, Science and Engineering Indicators.",
"IC.TAX.OTHR.CP.ZS","Other taxes payable by businesses (% of commercial profits)","Other taxes payable by businesses include the amounts paid for property taxes, turnover taxes, and other small taxes such as municipal fees and vehicle and fuel taxes.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.LGL.DURS","Time required to enforce a contract (days)","Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropriate cases, payment.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.FEMM.ZS","Firms with female top manager (% of firms)","Firms with female top manager refers to the percentage of firms in the private sector who have females as top managers. Top manager refers to the highest ranking manager or CEO of the establishment. This person may be the owner if he/she works as the manager of the firm. The results are based on surveys of more than 100,000 private firms.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.CUS.DURS.EX","Average time to clear exports through customs (days)","Average time to clear exports through customs is the average number of days to clear direct exports through customs.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"HD.HCI.OVRL.FE","Human Capital Index (HCI), Female (scale 0-1)","The HCI calculates the contributions of health and education to worker productivity. The final index score ranges from zero to one and measures the productivity as a future worker of child born today relative to the benchmark of full health and complete education.","World Bank staff calculations based on the methodology described in World Bank (2018). https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30498",
"GC.TAX.YPKG.ZS","Taxes on income, profits and capital gains (% of total taxes)","Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains are levied on the actual or presumptive net income of individuals, on the profits of corporations and enterprises, and on capital gains, whether realized or not, on land, securities, and other assets. Intragovernmental payments are eliminated in consolidation.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.REV.XGRT.GD.ZS","Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP)","Revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenues such as fines, fees, rent, and income from property or sales. Grants are also considered as revenue but are excluded here.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)","Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"FR.INR.LNDP","Interest rate spread (lending rate minus deposit rate, %)","Interest rate spread is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to private sector customers minus the interest rate paid by commercial or similar banks for demand, time, or savings deposits. The terms and conditions attached to these rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"FI.RES.XGLD.CD","Total reserves minus gold (current US$)","Total reserves minus gold comprise special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. Gold holdings are excluded. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"ER.H2O.INTR.K3","Renewable internal freshwater resources, total (billion cubic meters)","Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country.","Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data.",
"EN.URB.LCTY","Population in largest city","Population in largest city is the urban population living in the country's largest metropolitan area.","United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.",
"EN.CLC.DRSK.XQ","Disaster risk reduction progress score (1-5 scale; 5=best)","Disaster risk reduction progress score is an average of self-assessment scores, ranging from 1 to 5, submitted by countries under Priority 1 of the Hyogo Framework National Progress Reports. The Hyogo Framework is a global blueprint for disaster risk reduction efforts that was adopted by 168 countries in 2005. Assessments of ""Priority 1"" include four indicators that reflect the degree to which countries have prioritized disaster risk reduction and the strengthening of relevant institutions.","(UNISDR, 2009-2011 Progress Reports, http://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo).",
"EN.ATM.METH.KT.CE","Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent)","Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.LF.KT","CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt) ","Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.","Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.",
"EG.ELC.RNWX.ZS","Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total)","Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric, includes geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"DT.TDS.MLAT.CD","Multilateral debt service (TDS, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Debt service payments are the sum of principal repayments and interest payments actually made in the year specified. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.ODA.OATL.KD","Net official aid received (constant 2018 US$)","Net official aid refers to aid flows (net of repayments) from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. Data are in constant 2018 U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.UNCF.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNICEF (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.MIBR.CD","Net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$)","Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IBRD is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the founding and largest member of the World Bank Group. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.DSTC.ZS","Short-term debt (% of total external debt)","Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.TOTL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Total (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.GRCL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Greece (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"CM.MKT.TRAD.CD","Stocks traded, total value (current US$)","The value of shares traded is the total number of shares traded, both domestic and foreign, multiplied by their respective matching prices. Figures are single counted (only one side of the transaction is considered). Companies admitted to listing and admitted to trading are included in the data. Data are end of year values converted to U.S. dollars using corresponding year-end foreign exchange rates.","World Federation of Exchanges database.",
"BX.GSR.NFSV.CD","Service exports (BoP, current US$)","Services refer to economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BN.GSR.MRCH.CD","Net trade in goods (BoP, current US$)","Net trade in goods is the difference between exports and imports of goods. Trade in services is not included. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.GSR.INSF.ZS","Insurance and financial services (% of service imports, BoP)","Insurance and financial services cover various types of insurance provided to nonresidents by resident insurance enterprises and vice versa, and financial intermediary and auxiliary services (except those of insurance enterprises and pension funds) exchanged between residents and nonresidents.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.LND.IRIG.AG.ZS","Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land)","Agricultural irrigated land refers to agricultural areas purposely provided with water, including land irrigated by controlled flooding.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.CON.FERT.PT.ZS","Fertilizer consumption (% of fertilizer production)","Fertilizer consumption measures the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (including ground rock phosphate). Traditional nutrients--animal and plant manures--are not included. For the purpose of data dissemination, FAO has adopted the concept of a calendar year (January to December). Some countries compile fertilizer data on a calendar year basis, while others are on a split-year basis.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"IQ.SPI.PIL4","Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Pillar 4 data sources score (scale 0-100)","The data sources overall score is a composity measure of whether countries have data available from the following sources: Censuses and surveys, administrative data, geospatial data, and private sector/citizen generated data.  The data sources (input) pillar is segmented by four types of sources generated by (i) the statistical office (censuses and surveys), and sources accessed from elsewhere such as (ii)  administrative data, (iii) geospatial data, and (iv) private sector data and citizen generated data. The appropriate balance between these source types will vary depending on a country’s institutional setting and the maturity of its statistical system. High scores should reflect the extent to which the sources being utilized enable the necessary statistical indicators to be generated. For example, a low score on environment statistics (in the data production pillar) may reflect a lack of use of (and low score for) geospatial data (in the data sources pillar). This type of linkage is inherent in the data cycle approach and can help highlight areas for investment required if country needs are to be met.","Statistical Performance Indicators, The World Bank (https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/statistical-performance-indicators)",
"IQ.CPA.PROP.XQ","CPIA property rights and rule-based governance rating (1=low to 6=high)","Property rights and rule-based governance assess the extent to which private economic activity is facilitated by an effective legal system and rule-based governance structure in which property and contract rights are reliably respected and enforced.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IP.TMK.RESD","Trademark applications, direct resident","Trademark applications filed are applications to register a trademark with a national or regional Intellectual Property (IP) office. A trademark is a distinctive sign which identifies certain goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. A trademark provides protection to the owner of the mark by ensuring the exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services, or to authorize another to use it in return for payment. The period of protection varies, but a trademark can be renewed indefinitely beyond the time limit on payment of additional fees. Direct resident trademark applications are those filed by domestic applicants directly at a given national IP office.","World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), WIPO Patent Report: Statistics on Worldwide Patent Activity. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.",
"IC.WRH.PROC","Procedures to build a warehouse (number)","Number of procedures to build a warehouse is the number of interactions of a company's employees or managers with external parties, including government agency staff, public inspectors, notaries, land registry and cadastre staff, and technical experts apart from architects and engineers.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.REG.COST.PC.ZS","Cost of business start-up procedures (% of GNI per capita)","Cost to register a business is normalized by presenting it as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) per capita.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.OUTG.ZS","Value lost due to electrical outages (% of sales for affected firms)","Average losses due to electrical outages, as percentage of total annual sales. The value represents average losses for all firms which reported outages (please see indicator IC.ELC.OUTG.ZS).","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.EXP.CSBC.CD","Cost to export, border compliance (US$)","Border compliance captures the time and cost associated with compliance with the economy’s customs regulations and with regulations relating to other inspections that are mandatory in order for the shipment to cross the economy’s border, as well as the time and cost for handling that takes place at its port or border. The time and cost for this segment include time and cost for customs clearance and inspection procedures conducted by other government agencies.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"HD.HCI.OVRL.UB","Human Capital Index (HCI), Upper Bound (scale 0-1)","The HCI upper bound reflects uncertainty in the measurement of the components and the overall index. It is obtained by recalculating the HCI using estimates of the upper bounds of each of the components of the HCI. The range between the upper and lower bound is the uncertainty interval. While the uncertainty intervals constructed here do not have a rigorous statistical interpretation, a rule of thumb is that if for two countries they overlap substantially, the differences between their HCI values are not likely to be practically meaningful.","World Bank staff calculations based on the methodology described in World Bank (2018). https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30498",
"GC.XPN.INTP.CN","Interest payments (current LCU)","Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.GSRV.VA.ZS","Taxes on goods and services (% value added of industry and services)","Taxes on goods and services include general sales and turnover or value added taxes, selective excises on goods, selective taxes on services, taxes on the use of goods or property, taxes on extraction and production of minerals, and profits of fiscal monopolies.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD value added estimates.",
"GC.LBL.TOTL.CN","Net incurrence of liabilities, total (current LCU)","Net incurrence of government liabilities includes foreign financing (obtained from nonresidents) and domestic financing (obtained from residents), or the means by which a government provides financial resources to cover a budget deficit or allocates financial resources arising from a budget surplus. The net incurrence of liabilities should be offset by the net acquisition of financial assets.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FS.AST.DOMS.GD.ZS","Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP)","Domestic credit provided by the financial sector includes all credit to various sectors on a gross basis, with the exception of credit to the central government, which is net. The financial sector includes monetary authorities and deposit money banks, as well as other financial corporations where data are available (including corporations that do not accept transferable deposits but do incur such liabilities as time and savings deposits). Examples of other financial corporations are finance and leasing companies, money lenders, insurance corporations, pension funds, and foreign exchange companies.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"FM.AST.PRVT.GD.ZS","Monetary Sector credit to private sector (% GDP)","Domestic credit to private sector refers to financial resources provided to the private sector, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"FB.AST.NPER.ZS","Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans (%)","Bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans are the value of nonperforming loans divided by the total value of the loan portfolio (including nonperforming loans before the deduction of specific loan-loss provisions). The loan amount recorded as nonperforming should be the gross value of the loan as recorded on the balance sheet, not just the amount that is overdue.","International Monetary Fund, Financial Soundness Indicators.",
"EP.PMP.SGAS.CD","Pump price for gasoline (US$ per liter)","Fuel prices refer to the pump prices of the most widely sold grade of gasoline. Prices have been converted from the local currency to U.S. dollars.","German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ).",
"EN.CO2.MANF.ZS","CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction (% of total fuel combustion)","CO2 emissions from manufacturing industries and construction contains the emissions from combustion of fuels in industry. The IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 2 includes these emissions. However, in the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, the IPCC category also includes emissions from industry autoproducers that generate electricity and/or heat. The IEA data are not collected in a way that allows the energy consumption to be split by specific end-use and therefore, autoproducers are shown as a separate item (Unallocated Autoproducers). Manufacturing industries and construction also includes emissions from coke inputs into blast furnaces, which may be reported either in the transformation sector, the industry sector or the separate IPCC Source/Sink Category 2, Industrial Processes.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EN.ATM.NOXE.EG.ZS","Nitrous oxide emissions in energy sector (% of total)","Nitrous oxide emissions from energy processes are emissions produced by the combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.","World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.SF.KT","CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt) ","Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.","Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.",
"EG.USE.COMM.CL.ZS","Alternative and nuclear energy (% of total energy use)","Clean energy is noncarbohydrate energy that does not produce carbon dioxide when generated. It includes hydropower and nuclear, geothermal, and solar power, among others.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EG.ELC.ACCS.UR.ZS","Access to electricity, urban (% of urban population)","Access to electricity, urban is the percentage of urban population with access to electricity.","World Bank Global Electrification Database from ""Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report"" led jointly by the custodian agencies: the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the World Bank and the World Health Organization (WHO).",
"DT.ODA.ODAT.MP.ZS","Net ODA received (% of imports of goods, services and primary income)","Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. World Bank imports of good and services estimates are used for the denominator.",
"DT.NFL.UNFP.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNFPA (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.OFFT.CD","PPG, official creditors (NFL, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed debt from official creditors includes loans from international organizations (multilateral loans) and loans from governments (bilateral loans). Loans from international organization include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Government loans include loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.PVLX.EX.ZS","Present value of external debt (% of exports of goods, services and primary income)","Present value of debt is the sum of short-term external debt plus the discounted sum of total debt service payments due on public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term external debt over the life of existing loans. This calculation assumes that the PV of loans with a negative grant element is equal to the nominal value of the loan. The exports denominator is a three-year average.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.ODA.TOTL.GN.ZS","Net ODA provided, total (% of GNI)","Net Official development assistance (ODA) comprises grants or loans to developing countries and territories on the OECD/DAC list of aid recipients that are undertaken by the official sector with promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective and at concessional financial terms. It is shown as a share of donors' GNI.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.",
"DC.DAC.JPNL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Japan (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.BELL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Belgium (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD","Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$)","Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in the reporting economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and official national sources.",
"BN.TRF.CURR.CD","Net secondary income (BoP, current US$)","Secondary income refers to transfers recorded in the balance of payments whenever an economy provides or receives goods, services, income, or financial items without a quid pro quo. All transfers not considered to be capital are current. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.GSR.TRAN.ZS","Transport services (% of service imports, BoP)","Transport covers all transport services (sea, air, land, internal waterway, pipeline, space and electricity transmission) performed by residents of one economy for those of another and involving the carriage of passengers, the movement of goods (freight), rental of carriers with crew, and related support and auxiliary services. Also included are postal and courier services. Excluded are freight insurance (included in insurance services); goods procured in ports by nonresident carriers (included in goods); maintenance and repairs on transport equipment (included in maintenance and repair services n.i.e.); and repairs of railway facilities, harbors, and airfield facilities (included in construction).","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.LND.TRAC.ZS","Agricultural machinery, tractors per 100 sq. km of arable land","Agricultural machinery refers to the number of wheel and crawler tractors (excluding garden tractors) in use in agriculture at the end of the calendar year specified or during the first quarter of the following year. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.LND.ARBL.HA.PC","Arable land (hectares per person)","Arable land (hectares per person) includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.WR.ZS","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TX.VAL.ICTG.ZS.UN","ICT goods exports (% of total goods exports)","Information and communication technology goods exports include computers and peripheral equipment, communication equipment, consumer electronic equipment, electronic components, and other information and technology goods (miscellaneous).","United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's UNCTADstat database at http://unctadstat.unctad.org/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.R6.ZS","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Sub-Saharan Africa region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.VAL.AGRI.ZS.UN","Agricultural raw materials imports (% of merchandise imports)","Agricultural raw materials comprise SITC section 2 (crude materials except fuels) excluding divisions 22, 27 (crude fertilizers and minerals excluding coal, petroleum, and precious stones), and 28 (metalliferous ores and scrap).","World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.",
"TM.TAX.MRCH.BR.ZS","Bound rate, simple mean, all products (%)","Simple mean bound rate is the unweighted average of all the lines in the tariff schedule in which bound rates have been set. Bound rates result from trade negotiations incorporated into a country's schedule of concessions and are thus enforceable.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from World Trade Organization.",
"ST.INT.TRNX.CD","International tourism, expenditures for passenger transport items (current US$)","International tourism expenditures for passenger transport items are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries for all services provided during international transportation by nonresident carriers. Also included are passenger services performed within an economy by nonresident carriers. Excluded are passenger services provided to nonresidents by resident carriers within the resident economies; these are included in travel items. In addition to the services covered by passenger fares--including fares that are a part of package tours but excluding cruise fares, which are included in travel--passenger services include such items as charges for excess baggage, vehicles, or other personal accompanying effects and expenditures for food, drink, or other items for which passengers make expenditures while on board carriers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.",
"SP.REG.BRTH.RU.ZS","Completeness of birth registration, rural (%)","Completeness of birth registration is the percentage of children under age 5 whose births were registered at the time of the survey. The numerator of completeness of birth registration includes children whose birth certificate was seen by the interviewer or whose mother or caretaker says the birth has been registered.","UNICEF's State of the World's Children based mostly on household surveys and ministry of health data.",
"SP.POP.80UP.FE.5Y","Population ages 80 and above, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 80 and above as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.5559.FE.5Y","Population ages 55-59, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 55 to 59 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.1564.TO","Population ages 15-64, total","Total population between the ages 15 to 64. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.0014.FE.IN","Population ages 0-14, female","Female population between the ages 0 to 14. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.IMRT.FE.IN","Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births)","Infant mortality rate, female is the number of female infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 female live births in a given year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SM.POP.REFG","Refugee population by country or territory of asylum","Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of asylum is the country where an asylum claim was filed and granted.","United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and UNRWA through UNHCR's Refugee Data Finder at https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/.",
"SL.UEM.INTM.FE.ZS","Unemployment with intermediate education, female (% of female labor force with intermediate education)","The percentage of the labor force with an intermediate level of education who are unemployed. Intermediate education comprises upper secondary or post-secondary non tertiary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.PART.MA.ZS","Part time employment, male (% of total male employment)","Part time employment refers to regular employment in which working time is substantially less than normal. Definitions of part time employment differ by country.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ADVN.ZS","Labor force with advanced education (% of total working-age population with advanced education)","The ratio of the labor force with advanced education to the working-age population with advanced education. Advanced education comprises short-cycle tertiary education, a bachelor’s degree or equivalent education level, a master’s degree or equivalent education level, or doctoral degree or equivalent education level according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.WK.MA.TM","Average working hours of children, working only, male, ages 7-14 (hours per week)","Average working hours of children working only refers to the average weekly working hours of those children who are involved in economic activity and not attending school.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.SRV.0714.FE.ZS","Child employment in services, female (% of female economically active children ages 7-14)","Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2), categories G-P (ISIC revision 3), or categories G-U (ISIC revision 4). Services include wholesale and retail trade, hotels and restaurants, transport, financial intermediation, real estate, public administration, education, health and social work, other community services, and private household activity. Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.FAM.0714.FE.ZS","Children in employment, unpaid family workers, female (% of female children in employment, ages 7-14)","Unpaid family workers are people who work without pay in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.EMP.SELF.FE.ZS","Self-employed, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a ""self-employment jobs."" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced. Self-employed workers include four sub-categories of employers, own-account workers, members of producers' cooperatives, and contributing family workers.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SI.SPR.PCAP.ZG","Annualized average growth rate in per capita real survey mean consumption or income, total population (%)","The growth rate in the welfare aggregate of the total population is computed as the annualized average growth rate in per capita real consumption or income of the total population in  the income distribution in a country from household surveys over a roughly 5-year period. Mean per capita real consumption or income is measured at 2011 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) using the Poverty and Inequality Platform (http://www.pip.worldbank.org). For some countries means are not reported due to grouped and/or confidential data. The annualized growth rate is computed as (Mean in final year/Mean in initial year)^(1/(Final year - Initial year)) - 1.  The reference year is the year in which the underlying household survey data was collected. In cases for which the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the first year in which data were collected is reported. The initial year refers to the nearest survey collected 5 years before the most recent survey available, only surveys collected between 3 and 7 years before the most recent survey are considered.   The coverage and quality of the 2011 PPP price data for Iraq and most other North African and Middle Eastern countries were hindered by the exceptional period of instability they faced at the time of the 2011 exercise of the International Comparison Program. See the Poverty and Inequality Platform for detailed explanations.","World Bank, Global Database of Shared Prosperity (GDSP) (http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/brief/global-database-of-shared-prosperity).",
"SI.POV.MDIM","Multidimensional poverty headcount ratio (% of total population)","The percentage of people who are multidimensionally poor","Government statistical agencies. Data for EU countires are from the EUROSTAT",
"SH.XPD.PVTD.CH.ZS","Domestic private health expenditure (% of current health expenditure)","Share of current health expenditures funded from domestic private sources.  Domestic private sources include funds from households, corporations and non-profit organizations. Such expenditures can be either prepaid to voluntary health insurance or paid directly to healthcare providers.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.SRVS.CV.XD","UHC service coverage index","Coverage index for essential health services (based on tracer interventions that include reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health, infectious diseases, noncommunicable diseases and service capacity and access). It is presented on a scale of 0 to 100.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (https://www.who.int/data/gho).",
"SH.SVR.WAST.ZS","Prevalence of severe wasting, weight for height (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of severe wasting is the proportion of children under age 5 whose weight for height is more than three standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.SMSS.UR.ZS","People using safely managed sanitation services, urban (% of urban population)","The percentage of people using improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households and where excreta are safely disposed of in situ or transported and treated offsite. Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines: ventilated improved pit latrines, compositing toilets or pit latrines with slabs.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.STA.MALN.ZS","Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of underweight children is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. The data are based on the WHO's child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.AIRP.P5","Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized (per 100,000 population)","Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized.  Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.MED.SAOP.P5","Specialist surgical workforce (per 100,000 population)","Specialist surgical workforce is the number of specialist surgical, anaesthetic, and obstetric (SAO) providers who are working in each country per 100,000 population.","Data collected by the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery (www.lancetglobalsurgery.org); Data collected by WHO Collaborating Centre for Surgery and Public Health at Lund University from various sources including Ministries of Health or equivalent national regulatory bodies, national official entities such as medical councils, Eurostat, OECD, WHO Euro Health For All Database, WHO EURO Technical resources for health Database; BMJ Glob Health.",
"SH.HIV.ARTC.ZS","Antiretroviral therapy coverage (% of people living with HIV)","Antiretroviral therapy coverage indicates the percentage of all people living with HIV who are receiving antiretroviral therapy.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.DYN.MORT.FE","Mortality rate, under-5, female (per 1,000 live births)","Under-five mortality rate, female is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn female baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to female age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SH.DTH.1014","Number of deaths ages 10-14 years","Number of deaths of adolescents ages 10-14 years","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SG.VAW.1549.ZS","Proportion of women subjected to physical and/or sexual violence in the last 12 months (% of women age 15-49)","Proportion of women subjected to physical and/or sexual violence in the last 12 months is the percentage of ever partnered women age 15-49 who are subjected to physical violence, sexual violence or both by a current or former intimate partner in the last 12 months.","United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD)",
"SE.XPD.CTER.ZS","Current education expenditure, tertiary (% of total expenditure in tertiary public institutions)","Current expenditure is expressed as a percentage of direct expenditure in public educational institutions (instructional and non-instructional) of the specified level of education. Financial aid to students and other transfers are excluded from direct expenditure. Current expenditure is consumed within the current year and would have to be renewed if needed in the following year. It includes staff compensation and current expenditure other than for staff compensation (ex. on teaching materials, ancillary services and administration).","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.DO.FE.ZS","Educational attainment, Doctoral or equivalent, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Doctoral or equivalent.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCAQ.LO.MA.ZS","Trained teachers in lower secondary education, male (% of male teachers)","Trained teachers in lower secondary education are the percentage of lower secondary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.ENRL.TC.ZS","Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary","Secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the average number of pupils per teacher in secondary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.CMPT.LO.ZS","Lower secondary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)","Lower secondary education completion rate is measured as the gross intake ratio to the last grade of lower secondary education (general and pre-vocational). It is calculated as the number of new entrants in the last grade of lower secondary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of lower secondary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.TCAQ.MA.ZS","Trained teachers in primary education, male (% of male teachers)","Trained teachers in primary education are the percentage of primary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.NINT.MA.ZS","Net intake rate in grade 1, male (% of official school-age population)","Net intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education who are of official primary school entrance age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the corresponding age.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.CUAT.MA.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed primary, population 25+ years, male (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed primary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ENR.PRSC.FM.ZS","School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)","Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary and secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary and secondary levels in public and private schools.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_si_allsi.cov_pop_tot","Coverage of social insurance programs (% of population)","Coverage of social insurance programs shows the percentage of population participating in programs that provide old age contributory pensions (including survivors and disability) and social security and health insurance benefits (including occupational injury benefits, paid sick leave, maternity and other social insurance). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_lm_alllm.cov_pop_tot","Coverage of unemployment benefits and ALMP (% of population)","Coverage of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) shows the percentage of population participating in unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.TAX.NIND.CN","Taxes less subsidies on products (current LCU)","Taxes less subsidies on products (net indirect taxes) are the sum of product taxes less subsidies. Product taxes are those taxes payable by producers that relate to the production, sale, purchase or use of the goods and services. Subsidies are grants on the current account made by general government to private enterprises and unincorporated public enterprises. The grants may take the form of payments to ensure a guaranteed price or to enable maintenance of prices of goods and services below costs of production, and other forms of assistance to producers. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.MKTP.PP.KD","GNI, PPP (constant 2017 international $)","PPP GNI (formerly PPP GNP) is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2017 international dollars.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD","GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)","This indicator provides per capita values for gross domestic product (GDP) expressed in current international dollars converted by purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion factor.   GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the country plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. conversion factor is a spatial price deflator and currency converter that controls for price level differences between countries. Total population is a mid-year population based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GDP.FRST.RT.ZS","Forest rents (% of GDP)","Forest rents are roundwood harvest times the product of regional prices and a regional rental rate.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of Nations.",
"NY.ADJ.SVNG.CD","Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (current US$)","Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.DMIN.CD","Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (current US$)","Mineral depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of mineral resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers tin, gold, lead, zinc, iron, copper, nickel, silver, bauxite, and phosphate.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NV.MNF.TXTL.ZS.UN","Textiles and clothing (% of value added in manufacturing)","Value added in manufacturing is the sum of gross output less the value of intermediate inputs used in production for industries classified in ISIC major division D. Textiles and clothing correspond to ISIC divisions 17-19.","United Nations Industrial Development Organization, International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics.",
"NV.IND.MANF.CN","Manufacturing, value added (current LCU)","Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.RSB.GNFS.CD","External balance on goods and services (current US$)","External balance on goods and services (formerly resource balance) equals exports of goods and services minus imports of goods and services (previously nonfactor services). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.FTOT.ZS","Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP)","Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.DAB.TOTL.KD","Gross national expenditure (constant 2015 US$)","Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"TX.VAL.TECH.CD","High-technology exports (current US$)","High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","United Nations, Comtrade database through the WITS platform.",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.AL.ZS","Merchandise exports to economies in the Arab World (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports to economies in the Arab World are the sum of merchandise exports by the reporting economy to economies in the Arab World. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.XD.WD","Import value index (2000 = 100)","Import value indexes are the current value of imports (c.i.f.) converted to U.S. dollars and expressed as a percentage of the average for the base period (2000). UNCTAD's import value indexes are reported for most economies. For selected economies for which UNCTAD does not publish data, the import value indexes are derived from import volume indexes (line 73) and corresponding unit value indexes of imports (line 75) in the IMF's International Financial Statistics.","United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files, and International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.",
"TM.VAL.INSF.ZS.WT","Insurance and financial services (% of commercial service imports)","Insurance and financial services cover freight insurance on goods imported and other direct insurance such as life insurance; financial intermediation services such as commissions, foreign exchange transactions, and brokerage services; and auxiliary services such as financial market operational and regulatory services.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"TM.TAX.MRCH.SR.ZS","Share of tariff lines with specific rates, all products (%)","Share of tariff lines with specific rates is the share of lines in the tariff schedule that are set on a per unit basis or that combine ad valorem and per unit rates. It shows the extent to which countries use tariffs based on physical quantities or other, non-ad valorem measures.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.",
"ST.INT.XPND.MP.ZS","International tourism, expenditures (% of total imports)","International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries, including payments to foreign carriers for international transport. These expenditures may include those by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include expenditures for passenger transport items. Their share in imports is calculated as a ratio to imports of goods and services, which comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services.","World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files, and IMF and World Bank imports estimates.",
"SP.RUR.TOTL","Rural population","Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages.","World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.",
"SP.POP.DPND.OL","Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population)","Age dependency ratio, old, is the ratio of older dependents--people older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.6569.FE.5Y","Population ages 65-69, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 65 to 69 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.2529.FE.5Y","Population ages 25-29, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 25 to 29 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.0014.TO","Population ages 0-14, total","Total population between the ages 0 to 14. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.LE00.IN","Life expectancy at birth, total (years)","Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.","(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision, or derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.",
"SN.ITK.DEFC.ZS","Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population)","Prevalence of undernourishments is the percentage of the population whose habitual food consumption is insufficient to provide the dietary energy levels that are required to maintain a normal active and healthy life. Data showing as 2.5 may signify a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.","Food and Agriculture Organization (http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#home).",
"SL.UEM.NEET.MA.ZS","Share of youth not in education, employment or training, male (% of male youth population)","Share of youth not in education, employment or training (NEET) is the proportion of young people who are not in education, employment, or training to the population of the corresponding age group: youth (ages 15 to 24); persons ages 15 to 29; or both age groups.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.UEM.1524.FE.NE.ZS","Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24) (national estimate)","Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.CACT.FE.NE.ZS","Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (national estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.ZS","Children in employment, total (% of children ages 7-14)","Children in employment refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.SRV.EMPL.MA.ZS","Employment in services, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The services sector consists of wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services, in accordance with divisions 6-9 (ISIC 2) or categories G-Q (ISIC 3) or categories G-U (ISIC 4).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.FAM.WORK.MA.ZS","Contributing family workers, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Contributing family workers are those workers who hold ""self-employment jobs"" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.FE.NE.ZS","Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.AGR.EMPL.FE.ZS","Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SI.POV.MDIM.HH","Multidimensional poverty headcount ratio, household (% of total households)","The percentage of households who are multidimensionally poor","Government statistical agencies. Data for EU countires are from the EUROSTAT",
"SI.DST.03RD.20","Income share held by third 20%","Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.CHEX.PP.CD","Current health expenditure per capita, PPP (current international $)","Current expenditures on health per capita expressed in international dollars at purchasing power parity.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.NOP1.CG","Increase in poverty gap at $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure (USD)","Increase in poverty gap at $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line due to out-of-pocket health care expenditure, expressed in US dollars (2011 PPP). The poverty gap increase due to out-of-pocket health spending is one way to measure how much out-of-pocket health spending pushes people below or further below the poverty line (the difference in the poverty gap due to out-of-pocket health spending being included or excluded from the measure of household welfare). This difference corresponds to the total out-of-pocket health spending for households that are already below the poverty line, to the amount that exceeds the shortfall between the poverty line and total consumption for households that are impoverished by out-of-pocket health spending and to zero for households whose consumption is above the poverty line after accounting for out-of-pocket health spending.","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2019. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2019. NOTE: This indicator has been discontinued as of December 2021. Please see the following indicators: SH.UHC.FBP1.ZS, SH.UHC.FBP2.ZS, SH.UHC.FBP1.TO and SH.UHC.FBP2.TO.",
"SH.STA.STNT.ME.ZS","Prevalence of stunting, height for age (modeled estimate, % of children under 5)","Prevalence of stunting is the percentage of children under age 5 whose height for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. For children up to two years old height is measured by recumbent length. For older children height is measured by stature while standing. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME).",
"SH.STA.ODFC.UR.ZS","People practicing open defecation, urban (% of urban population)","People practicing open defecation refers to the percentage of the population defecating in the open, such as in fields, forest, bushes, open bodies of water, on beaches, in other open spaces or disposed of with solid waste.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.STA.BASS.UR.ZS","People using at least basic sanitation services, urban (% of urban population)","The percentage of people using at least basic sanitation services, that is, improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households.  This indicator encompasses both people using basic sanitation services as well as those using safely managed sanitation services.   Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines; ventilated improved pit latrines, compositing toilets or pit latrines with slabs.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.MMR.DTHS","Number of maternal deaths","A maternal death refers to the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes.","WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group, and the United Nations Population Division. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 2000 to 2017. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2019",
"SH.HIV.INCD.TL.P3","Incidence of HIV, all (per 1,000 uninfected population)","Number of new HIV infections among uninfected populations expressed per 1,000 uninfected population in the year before the period.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.DYN.NCOM.ZS","Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70 (%)","Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD is the percent of 30-year-old-people who would die before their 70th birthday from any of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes,  or chronic respiratory disease, assuming that s/he would experience current mortality rates at every age and s/he would not die from any other cause of death (e.g., injuries or HIV/AIDS).","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.DTH.IMRT","Number of infant deaths","Number of infants dying before reaching one year of age.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SG.VAW.NEGL.ZS","Women who believe a husband is justified in beating his wife when she neglects the children (%)","Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner when she neglects the children.","Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), and other surveys",
"SE.XPD.SECO.PC.ZS","Government expenditure per student, secondary (% of GDP per capita)","Government expenditure per student is the average general government expenditure (current, capital, and transfers) per student in the given level of education, expressed as a percentage of GDP per capita.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.MS.MA.ZS","Educational attainment, at least Master's or equivalent, population 25+, male (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Master's or equivalent.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCAQ.UP.MA.ZS","Trained teachers in upper secondary education, male (% of male teachers)","Trained teachers in upper secondary education are the percentage of upper secondary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.ENRR","School enrollment, secondary (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.CUAT.PO.FE.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed post-secondary, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed post-secondary non-tertiary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.TENR","Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary (% of primary school age children)","Adjusted net enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.OENR.ZS","Over-age students, primary (% of enrollment)","Over-age students are the percentage of those enrolled who are older than the official school-age range for primary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.ENRL.FE.ZS","Primary education, pupils (% female)","Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at primary level include enrollments in public and private schools.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRE.ENRL.TC.ZS","Pupil-teacher ratio, preprimary","Preprimary school pupil-teacher ratio is the average number of pupils per teacher in preprimary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"per_si_allsi.cov_q4_tot","Coverage of social insurance programs in 4th quintile (% of population)","Coverage of social insurance programs shows the percentage of population participating in programs that provide old age contributory pensions (including survivors and disability) and social security and health insurance benefits (including occupational injury benefits, paid sick leave, maternity and other social insurance). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_lm_alllm.cov_q4_tot","Coverage of unemployment benefits and ALMP in 4th quintile (% of population)","Coverage of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) shows the percentage of population participating in unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.TRF.NCTR.KN","Net secondary income (Net current transfers from abroad) (constant LCU)","Net secondary income comprises transfers of income between residents of the reporting country and the rest of the world that carry no provisions for repayment. Net current transfers from abroad is equal to the unrequited transfers of income from nonresidents to residents minus the unrequited transfers from residents to nonresidents. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.PCAP.KD.ZG","GNI per capita growth (annual %)","Annual percentage growth rate of GNI per capita based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2010 U.S. dollars. GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDS.TOTL.CD","Gross domestic savings (current US$)","Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.MKTP.CN.AD","GDP: linked series (current LCU)","GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank staff estimates based on World Bank national accounts data archives, OECD National Accounts, and the IMF WEO database.",
"NY.EXP.CAPM.KN","Exports as a capacity to import (constant LCU)","Exports as a capacity to import equals the current price value of exports of goods and services deflated by the import price index. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.DPEM.CD","Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage (current US$)","Particulate emissions damage is the damage due to exposure of a country's population to ambient concentrations of particulates measuring less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5), ambient ozone pollution, and indoor concentrations of PM2.5 in households cooking with solid fuels. Damages are calculated as foregone labor income due to premature death. Estimates of health impacts from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 are for 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2013. Data for other years have been extrapolated from trends in mortality rates.","Data on health impacts from exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution and household air pollution are from the Global Burden of Disease 2013 study. Data are provided by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington.",
"NV.SRV.TOTL.KD","Services, value added (constant 2015 US$)","Services correspond to ISIC divisions 45-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.IND.MANF.ZS","Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)","Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS","Trade (% of GDP)","Trade is the sum of exports and imports of goods and services measured as a share of gross domestic product.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.TOTL.CD","Gross capital formation (current US$)","Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and ""work in progress."" According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.EXP.GNFS.CN","Exports of goods and services (current LCU)","Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.PP.CD","Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure, PPP (current international $)","This indicator provides values for households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure expressed in current international dollars converted by purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion factor.   Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country.   PPP conversion factor is a spatial price deflator and currency converter that eliminates the effects of the differences in price levels between countries.  From July 2020, “Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure: linked series (current LCU)” [NE.CON.PRVT.CN.AD] is used as underlying expenditure in local currency unit so that it’s in line with time series of PPP conversion factor, private consumption (LCU per international $), which are extrapolated with linked CPI.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"MS.MIL.XPND.ZS","Military expenditure (% of general government expenditure)","Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)","Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Yearbook: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security.",
"LP.LPI.LOGS.XQ","Logistics performance index: Competence and quality of logistics services (1=low to 5=high)","Data are from Logistics Performance Index surveys conducted by the World Bank in partnership with academic and international institutions and private companies and individuals engaged in international logistics. 2009 round of surveys covered more than 5,000 country assessments by nearly 1,000 international freight forwarders. Respondents evaluate eight markets on six core dimensions on a scale from 1 (worst) to 5 (best). The markets are chosen based on the most important export and import markets of the respondent's country, random selection, and, for landlocked countries, neighboring countries that connect them with international markets. Details of the survey methodology are in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete 2010: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy (2010). Respondents evaluated the overall level of competence and quality of logistics services (e.g. transport operators, customs brokers), on a rating ranging from 1 (very low) to 5 (very high). Scores are averaged across all respondents.","World Bank and Turku School of Economics, Logistic Performance Index Surveys. Data are available online at: https://lpi.worldbank.org/. Summary results are published in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy, The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators report.",
"IS.SHP.GCNW.XQ","Liner shipping connectivity index (maximum value in 2004 = 100)","The Liner Shipping Connectivity Index captures how well countries are connected to global shipping networks. It is computed by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) based on five components of the maritime transport sector: number of ships, their container-carrying capacity, maximum vessel size, number of services, and number of companies that deploy container ships in a country's ports. For each component a country's value is divided by the maximum value of each component in 2004, the five components are averaged for each country, and the average is divided by the maximum average for 2004 and multiplied by 100. The index generates a value of 100 for the country with the highest average index in 2004. . The underlying data come from Containerisation International Online.","United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Review of Maritime Transport 2010.",
"IQ.SCI.MTHD","Methodology assessment of statistical capacity (scale 0 - 100)","The methodology indicator measures a country’s ability to adhere to internationally recommended standards and methods. The methodology score is calculated as the weighted average of 10 underlying indicator scores. The final methodology score contributes 1/3 of the overall Statistical Capacity Indicator score.","World Bank, Bulletin Board on Statistical Capacity (http://bbsc.worldbank.org).",
"IQ.CPA.FINS.XQ","CPIA financial sector rating (1=low to 6=high)","Financial sector assesses the structure of the financial sector and the policies and regulations that affect it.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IE.PPN.WATR.CD","Public private partnerships investment in water and sanitation (current US$)","Public Private Partnerships in water and sanitation (current US$) refers to commitments to  infrastructure projects in water and sanitation that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets, incinerators, standalone solid waste projects, and small projects are excluded. The types of projects included are management and lease contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, and greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility). It excludes divestitures and merchant projects. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data is presented based on investment year. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).",
"IC.TAX.GIFT.ZS","Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials (% of firms)","Firms expected to give gifts in meetings with tax officials is the percentage of firms that answered positively to the question ""was a gift or informal payment expected or requested during a meeting with tax officials?""","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.IMP.TMDC","Time to import, documentary compliance (hours)","Documentary compliance captures the time and cost associated with compliance with the documentary requirements of all government agencies of the origin economy, the destination economy and any transit economies. The aim is to measure the total burden of preparing the bundle of documents that will enable completion of the international trade for the product and partner pair assumed in the case study.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.CORR.ZS","Informal payments to public officials (% of firms)","Informal payments to public officials are the percentage of firms expected to make informal payments to public officials to ""get things done"" with regard to customs, taxes, licenses, regulations, services, and the like.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.CRD.INFO.XQ","Depth of credit information index (0=low to 8=high)","Depth of credit information index measures rules affecting the scope, accessibility, and quality of credit information available through public or private credit registries. The index ranges from 0 to 8, with higher values indicating the availability of more credit information, from either a public registry or a private bureau, to facilitate lending decisions.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"GC.XPN.TRFT.ZS","Subsidies and other transfers (% of expense)","Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.TOTL.GD.ZS","Tax revenue (% of GDP)","Tax revenue refers to compulsory transfers to the central government for public purposes. Certain compulsory transfers such as fines, penalties, and most social security contributions are excluded. Refunds and corrections of erroneously collected tax revenue are treated as negative revenue.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"GC.REV.SOCL.CN","Social contributions (current LCU)","Social contributions include social security contributions by employees, employers, and self-employed individuals, and other contributions whose source cannot be determined. They also include actual or imputed contributions to social insurance schemes operated by governments.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FX.OWN.TOTL.SO.ZS","Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, secondary education or more (% of population ages 15+)","Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (secondary education or more, % of population ages 15+).","Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2018, Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.",
"FP.WPI.TOTL","Wholesale price index (2010 = 100)","Wholesale price index refers to a mix of agricultural and industrial goods at various stages of production and distribution, including import duties. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"FI.RES.TOTL.CD","Total reserves (includes gold, current US$)","Total reserves comprise holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights, reserves of IMF members held by the IMF, and holdings of foreign exchange under the control of monetary authorities. The gold component of these reserves is valued at year-end (December 31) London prices. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"ER.H2O.FWST.ZS","Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources","The level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources is the ratio between total freshwater withdrawn by all major sectors and total renewable freshwater resources, after taking into account environmental water requirements. Main sectors, as defined by ISIC standards, include agriculture; forestry and fishing; manufacturing; electricity industry; and services. This indicator is also known as water withdrawal intensity.","Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data.",
"EN.POP.EL5M.UR.ZS","Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population)","Urban population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.","Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.",
"EN.ATM.PM25.MC.ZS","PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO guideline value (% of total)","Percent of population exposed to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 that exceed the WHO guideline value is defined as the portion of a country’s population living in places where mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 are greater than 10 micrograms per cubic meter, the guideline value recommended by the World Health Organization as the lower end of the range of concentrations over which adverse health effects due to PM2.5 exposure have been observed.","Brauer, M. et al. 2017, for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.",
"EN.ATM.METH.AG.ZS","Agricultural methane emissions (% of total)","Agricultural methane emissions are emissions from animals, animal waste, rice production, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savanna burning.","World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.GF.ZS","CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total) ","Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.","Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.",
"EG.ELC.PETR.ZS","Electricity production from oil sources (% of total)","Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"DT.TDS.DPPG.CD","Debt service on external debt, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (TDS, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in currency, goods, or services on long-term obligations of public debtors and long-term private obligations guaranteed by a public entity. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.ODA.ALLD.CD","Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$)","Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Net official aid refers to aid flows (net of repayments) from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.RDBC.CD","Net financial flows, RDB concessional (NFL, current US$)","Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. Concessional financial flows cover disbursements made through concessional lending facilities. Regional development banks are the African Development Bank, in Tunis, Tunisia, which serves all of Africa, including North Africa; the Asian Development Bank, in Manila, Philippines, which serves South and Central Asia and East Asia and Pacific; the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, in London, United Kingdom, which serves Europe and Central Asia; and the Inter-American Development Bank, in Washington, D.C., which serves the Americas. Aggregates include amounts for economies not specified elsewhere. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.ILOG.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, ILO (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.DOD.DSTC.CD","External debt stocks, short-term (DOD, current US$)","Short-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original maturity of one year or less. Available data permit no distinction between public and private nonguaranteed short-term debt. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.SVKL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Slovak Republic (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.FINL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Finland (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"CM.MKT.LCAP.CD","Market capitalization of listed domestic companies (current US$)","Market capitalization (also known as market value) is the share price times the number of shares outstanding (including their several classes) for listed domestic companies. Investment funds, unit trusts, and companies whose only business goal is to hold shares of other listed companies are excluded. Data are end of year values converted to U.S. dollars using corresponding year-end foreign exchange rates.","World Federation of Exchanges database.",
"BX.GSR.GNFS.CD","Exports of goods and services (BoP, current US$)","Exports of goods and services comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from residents to nonresidents of general merchandise, net exports of goods under merchanting, nonmonetary gold, and services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BN.FIN.TOTL.CD","Net financial account (BoP, current US$)","The net financial account shows net acquisition and disposal of financial assets and liabilities. It measures how net lending to or borrowing from nonresidents is financed, and is conceptually equal to the sum of the balances on the current and capital accounts. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.GSR.CMCP.ZS","Communications, computer, etc. (% of service imports, BoP)","Communications, computer, information, and other services cover international telecommunications; computer data; news-related service transactions between residents and nonresidents; construction services; royalties and license fees; miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services; personal, cultural, and recreational services; manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others; and maintenance and repair services and government services not included elsewhere.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.LND.EL5M.ZS","Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area)","Land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the elevation is 5 meters or less.","Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.",
"VC.IDP.TOCV","Internally displaced persons, total displaced by conflict and violence (number of people)","Internally displaced persons are defined according to the 1998 Guiding Principles (http://www.internal-displacement.org/publications/1998/ocha-guiding-principles-on-internal-displacement) as people or groups of people who have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of armed conflict, or to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights, or natural or human-made disasters and who have not crossed an international border. “People displaced” refers to the number of people living in displacement as of the end of each year, and reflects the stock of people displaced at the end of the previous year, plus inflows of new cases arriving over the year as well as births over the year to those displaced, minus outflows which may include returnees, those who settled elsewhere, those who integrated locally, those who travelled over borders, and deaths.","The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (http://www.internal-displacement.org/)",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.R4.ZS","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Middle East and North Africa are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Middle East and North Africa region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TX.QTY.MRCH.XD.WD","Export volume index (2000 = 100)","Export volume indexes are derived from UNCTAD's volume index series and are the ratio of the export value indexes to the corresponding unit value indexes. Unit value indexes are based on data reported by countries that demonstrate consistency under UNCTAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD’s estimates using the previous year’s trade values at the Standard International Trade Classification three-digit level as weights. To improve data coverage, especially for the latest periods, UNCTAD constructs a set of average prices indexes at the three-digit product classification of the Standard International Trade Classification revision 3 using UNCTAD’s Commodity Price Statistics, interna­tional and national sources, and UNCTAD secretariat estimates and calculates unit value indexes at the country level using the current year’s trade values as weights. For economies for which UNCTAD does not publish data, the export volume indexes (lines 72) in the IMF's International Financial Statistics are used.","United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files, and International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.R1.ZS","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia and Pacific are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the East Asia and Pacific region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.TAX.TCOM.SM.FN.ZS","Tariff rate, most favored nation, simple mean, primary products (%)","Simple mean most favored nation tariff rate is the unweighted average of most favored nation rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"TM.TAX.MANF.SM.FN.ZS","Tariff rate, most favored nation, simple mean, manufactured products (%)","Simple mean most favored nation tariff rate is the unweighted average of most favored nation rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"ST.INT.ARVL","International tourism, number of arrivals","International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival.","World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.",
"SP.POP.TOTL.FE.ZS","Population, female (% of total population)","Female population is the percentage of the population that is female. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS","Population ages 65 and above (% of total population)","Population ages 65 and above as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.4044.MA.5Y","Population ages 40-44, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 40 to 44 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.1519.MA.5Y","Population ages 15-19, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 15 to 19 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.M15.2024.FE.ZS","Women who were first married by age 15 (% of women ages 20-24)","Women who were first married by age 15 refers to the percentage of women ages 20-24 who were first married by age 15.","UNICEF Data; Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), AIDS Indicator Surveys(AIS), Reproductive Health Survey(RHS), and other household surveys.",
"SP.DYN.AMRT.MA","Mortality rate, adult, male (per 1,000 male adults)","Adult mortality rate, male, is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old male dying before reaching age 60, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year between those ages.","(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. The Human Mortality Database.",
"SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS","Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)","Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.UEM.ADVN.MA.ZS","Unemployment with advanced education, male (% of male labor force with advanced education)","The percentage of the labor force with an advanced level of education who are unemployed. Advanced education comprises short-cycle tertiary education, a bachelor’s degree or equivalent education level, a master’s degree or equivalent education level, or doctoral degree or equivalent education level according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.CACT.ZS","Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ACTI.FE.ZS","Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on June 15, 2021.",
"SL.TLF.0714.SW.MA.ZS","Children in employment, study and work, male (% of male children in employment, ages 7-14)","Children in employment refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey. Study and work refer to children attending school in combination with economic activity.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.MNF.0714.MA.ZS","Child employment in manufacturing, male (% of male economically active children ages 7-14)","Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). Manufacturing corresponds to division 3 (ISIC revision 2), category D (ISIC revision 3), or category C (ISIC revision 4). Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.EMP.VULN.MA.ZS","Vulnerable employment, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.","Derived using data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. The data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.1524.SP.NE.ZS","Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) (national estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SI.RMT.COST.IB.ZS","Average transaction cost of sending remittances to a specific country (%)","Average transaction cost of sending remittance to a specific country is the average of the total transaction cost in percentage of the amount sent for sending USD 200 charged by each single remittance service provider (RSP) included in the Remittance Prices Worldwide (RPW) database to a specific country.","World Bank, Remittance Prices Worldwide, available at http://remittanceprices.worldbank.org",
"SI.POV.DDAY","Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population)","Poverty headcount ratio at $1.90 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $1.90 a day at 2011 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.GHED.PC.CD","Domestic general government health expenditure per capita (current US$)","Public expenditure on health from domestic sources per capita expressed in current US dollars.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.NOP2.ZS","Proportion of population pushed below the $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure (%)","Proportion of population pushed below the $3.20 ($2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure. This indicator shows the fraction of a country’s population experiencing out-of-pocket health impoverishing expenditures, defined as expenditures without which the household they live in would have been above the $3.20 poverty line, but because of the expenditures is below the poverty line.  Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2021. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021.",
"SH.STA.WAST.FE.ZS","Prevalence of wasting, weight for height, female (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of wasting, female, is the proportion of girls under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.OWGH.ZS","Prevalence of overweight, weight for height (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of overweight children is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations above the median for the international reference population of the corresponding age as established by the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.HYGN.RU.ZS","People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, rural (% of rural population)","The percentage of people living in households that have a handwashing facility with soap and water available on the premises. Handwashing facilities may be fixed or mobile and include a sink with tap water, buckets with taps, tippy-taps, and jugs or basins designated for handwashing. Soap includes bar soap, liquid soap, powder detergent, and soapy water but does not include ash, soil, sand or other handwashing agents.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.SGR.CRSK.ZS","Risk of catastrophic expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk)","The proportion of population at risk of catastrophic expenditure when surgical care is required. Catastrophic expenditure is defined as direct out of pocket payments for surgical and anaesthesia care exceeding 10% of total income.","The Program in Global Surgery and Social Change (PGSSC) at Harvard Medical School (https://www.pgssc.org/)",
"SH.IMM.MEAS","Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months)","Child immunization, measles, measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received the measles vaccination before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.","WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/en/).",
"SH.H2O.SMDW.UR.ZS","People using safely managed drinking water services, urban (% of urban population)","The percentage of people using drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.DYN.1519","Probability of dying among adolescents ages 15-19 years (per 1,000)","Probability of dying between age 15-19 years of age expressed per 1,000 adolescents age 15, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SH.ANM.CHLD.ZS","Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children ages 6-59 months)","Prevalence of anemia, children ages 6-59 months, is the percentage of children ages 6-59 months whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter, adjusted for altitude.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository/World Health Statistics.",
"SG.DMK.SRCR.FN.ZS","Women making their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use and reproductive health care  (% of women age 15-49)","Proportion of women ages 15-49 years (married or in union) who make their own decision on all three selected areas i.e. can say no to sexual intercourse with their husband or partner if they do not want; decide on use of contraception; and decide on their own health care. Only women who provide a “yes” answer to all three components are considered as women who “make her own decisions regarding sexual and reproductive”.","Demographic and Health Surveys compiled by United Nations Population Fund",
"SE.TER.ENRR.FE","School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.UNER.LO.MA.ZS","Adolescents out of school, male (% of male lower secondary school age)","Adolescents out of school are the percentage of lower secondary school age adolescents who are not enrolled in school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.PROG.FE.ZS","Progression to secondary school, female (%)","Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year (minus the number of repeaters from the last grade of primary education in the given year).","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.ENRL","Secondary education, pupils","Secondary education pupils is the total number of pupils enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.UNER.MA.ZS","Children out of school, male (% of male primary school age)","Children out of school are the percentage of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Children in the official primary age group that are in preprimary education should be considered out of school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.PRSL.ZS","Persistence to last grade of primary, total (% of cohort)","Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.GINT.ZS","Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education, total (% of relevant age group)","Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.AGES","Primary school starting age (years)","Primary school starting age is the age at which students would enter primary education, assuming they had started at the official entrance age for the lowest level of education, had studied full-time throughout and had progressed through the system without repeating or skipping a grade.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ADT.LITR.FE.ZS","Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)","Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_sa_allsa.cov_q3_tot","Coverage of social safety net programs in 3rd quintile (% of population)","Coverage of social safety net programs shows the percentage of population participating in cash transfers and last resort programs, noncontributory social pensions, other cash transfers programs (child, family and orphan allowances, birth and death grants, disability benefits, and other allowances), conditional cash transfers, in-kind food transfers (food stamps and vouchers, food rations, supplementary feeding, and emergency food distribution), school feeding, other social assistance programs (housing allowances, scholarships, fee waivers, health subsidies, and other social assistance) and public works programs (cash for work and food for work). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_allsp.adq_pop_tot","Adequacy of social protection and labor programs (% of total welfare of beneficiary households)","Adequacy of social protection and labor programs (SPL) is measured by the total transfer amount received by the population participating in social insurance, social safety net, and unemployment benefits and active labor market programs as a share of their total welfare. Welfare is defined as the total income or total expenditure of beneficiary households. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.GNS.ICTR.ZS","Gross savings (% of GDP)","Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.MKTP.CN.AD","GNI: linked series (current LCU)","GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.  This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years.  Data are in local currency, at current prices.","World Bank staff estimates based on World Bank national accounts data archives, OECD National Accounts, and the IMF WEO database.",
"NY.GDP.PCAP.CD","GDP per capita (current US$)","GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.DISC.KN","Discrepancy in expenditure estimate of GDP (constant LCU)","A statistical discrepancy usually arises when the GDP components are estimated independently by industrial origin and by expenditure categories. This item represents the discrepancy in the use of resources (i.e., the estimate of GDP by expenditure categories). Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.NNTY.KD","Adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$)","Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.DCO2.GN.ZS","Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI)","Carbon dioxide damage is estimated to be $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted.","World Bank staff estimates based on Samuel Fankhauser's ""Valuing Climate Change: The Economics of the Greenhouse"" (1995).",
"NV.MNF.CHEM.ZS.UN","Chemicals (% of value added in manufacturing)","Value added in manufacturing is the sum of gross output less the value of intermediate inputs used in production for industries classified in ISIC major division D. Chemicals correspond to ISIC division 24.","United Nations Industrial Development Organization, International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics.",
"NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP)","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-3 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.IMP.GNFS.CN","Imports of goods and services (current LCU)","Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.WL.CD","Merchandise exports by the reporting economy (current US$)","Merchandise exports by the reporting economy are the total merchandise exports by the reporting economy to the rest of the world, as reported in the IMF's Direction of trade database. Data are in current US$.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TX.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN","Fuel exports (% of merchandise exports)","Fuels comprise the commodities in SITC section 3 (mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials).","World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.R5.ZS","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the South Asia region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.UVI.MRCH.XD.WD","Import unit value index (2000 = 100)","Import unit value indices come from UNCTAD's trade database. Unit value indices are based on data reported by countries that demonstrate consistency under UNCTAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD’s estimates using the previous year’s trade values at the Standard International Trade Classification three-digit level as weights. To improve data coverage, especially for the latest periods, UNCTAD constructs a set of average prices indexes at the three-digit product classification of the Standard International Trade Classification revision 3 using UNCTAD’s Commodity Price Statistics, interna¬tional and national sources, and UNCTAD secretariat estimates.","United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files. (http://unctadstat.unctad.org)",
"TM.TAX.MRCH.BC.ZS","Binding coverage, all products (%)","Binding coverage is the percentage of product lines with an agreed bound rate. Bound rates result from trade negotiations incorporated into a country's schedule of concessions and are thus enforceable.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from World Trade Organization.",
"ST.INT.TRNR.CD","International tourism, receipts for passenger transport items (current US$)","International tourism receipts for passenger transport items are expenditures by international inbound visitors for all services provided in the international transportation by resident carriers. Also included are passenger services performed within an economy by nonresident carriers. Excluded are passenger services provided to nonresidents by resident carriers within the resident economies; these are included in travel items. In addition to the services covered by passenger fares--including fares that are a part of package tours but excluding cruise fares, which are included in travel--passenger services include such items as charges for excess baggage, vehicles, or other personal accompanying effects and expenditures for food, drink, or other items for which passengers make expenditures while on board carriers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.",
"SP.REG.BRTH.MA.ZS","Completeness of birth registration, male (%)","Completeness of birth registration is the percentage of children under age 5 whose births were registered at the time of the survey. The numerator of completeness of birth registration includes children whose birth certificate was seen by the interviewer or whose mother or caretaker says the birth has been registered.","UNICEF's State of the World's Children based mostly on household surveys and ministry of health data.",
"SP.POP.7579.MA.5Y","Population ages 75-79, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 75 to 79 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.5054.MA.5Y","Population ages 50-54, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 50 to 54 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.1564.MA.ZS","Population ages 15-64, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 15 to 64 as a percentage of the total male population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.0004.MA.5Y","Population ages 00-04, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 0 to 4 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.CONU.ZS","Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49)","Contraceptive prevalence, any method is the percentage of married women ages 15-49 who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any method of contraception (modern or traditional). Modern methods of contraception include female and male sterilization, oral hormonal pills, the intra-uterine device (IUD), the male condom, injectables, the implant (including Norplant), vaginal barrier methods, the female condom and emergency contraception. Traditional methods of contraception include rhythm (e.g., fertility awareness based methods, periodic abstinence), withdrawal and other traditional methods.","Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. Largely compiled by United Nations Population Division.",
"SM.POP.NETM","Net migration","Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the total number of immigrants less the annual number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens. Data are five-year estimates.","United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SL.UEM.BASC.ZS","Unemployment with basic education (% of total labor force with basic education)","The percentage of the labor force with a basic level of education who are unemployed. Basic education comprises primary education or lower secondary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.PART.FE.ZS","Part time employment, female (% of total female employment)","Part time employment refers to regular employment in which working time is substantially less than normal. Definitions of part time employment differ by country.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ADVN.MA.ZS","Labor force with advanced education, male (% of male working-age population with advanced education)","The ratio of the labor force with advanced education to the working-age population with advanced education. Advanced education comprises short-cycle tertiary education, a bachelor’s degree or equivalent education level, a master’s degree or equivalent education level, or doctoral degree or equivalent education level according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.WK.FE.ZS","Children in employment, work only, female (% of female children in employment, ages 7-14)","Children in employment refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey. Work only refers to children involved in economic activity and not attending school.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.SLF.0714.ZS","Children in employment, self-employed (% of children in employment, ages 7-14)","Self-employed workers are people whose remuneration depends directly on the profits derived from the goods and services they produce, with or without other employees, and include employers, own-account workers, and members of producers cooperatives.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.EMP.WORK.ZS","Wage and salaried workers, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as ""paid employment jobs,"" where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.MPYR.ZS","Employers, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a ""self-employment jobs"" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SI.SPR.PCAP","Survey mean consumption or income per capita, total population (2011 PPP $ per day)","Mean consumption or income per capita (2011 PPP $ per day) used in calculating the growth rate in the welfare aggregate of total population.","World Bank, Global Database of Shared Prosperity (GDSP) (http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/brief/global-database-of-shared-prosperity).",
"SI.POV.LMIC.GP","Poverty gap at $3.20 a day (2011 PPP) (%)","Poverty gap at $3.20 a day (2011 PPP) is the mean shortfall in income or consumption from the poverty line $3.20 a day (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.OOPC.PP.CD","Out-of-pocket expenditure per capita, PPP (current international $)","Health expenditure through out-of-pocket payments per capita in international dollars at purchasing power parity.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.OOPC.25.ZS","Proportion of population spending more than 25% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure (%)","Proportion of population spending more than 25% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure. Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2021. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021.",
"SH.SVR.WAST.MA.ZS","Prevalence of severe wasting, weight for height, male (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of severe wasting, male, is the proportion of boys under age 5 whose weight for height is more than three standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.SMSS.RU.ZS","People using safely managed sanitation services, rural (% of rural population)","The percentage of people using improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households and where excreta are safely disposed of in situ or transported and treated offsite. Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines: ventilated improved pit latrines, compositing toilets or pit latrines with slabs.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.STA.MALN.MA.ZS","Prevalence of underweight, weight for age, male (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of underweight, male, is the percentage of boys under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.AIRP.MA.P5","Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, male (per 100,000 male population)","Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized.  Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.MED.PHYS.ZS","Physicians (per 1,000 people)","Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.","World Health Organization's Global Health Workforce Statistics, OECD, supplemented by country data.",
"SH.HIV.1524.MA.ZS","Prevalence of HIV, male (% ages 15-24)","Prevalence of HIV, male is the percentage of males who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.DYN.MORT","Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)","Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SH.DTH.0509","Number of deaths ages 5-9 years","Number of deaths of children ages 5-9 years","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SG.TIM.UWRK.MA","Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, male (% of 24 hour day) ","The average time men spend on household provision of services for own consumption.  Data are expressed as a proportion of time in a day. Domestic and care work includes food preparation, dishwashing, cleaning and upkeep of a dwelling, laundry, ironing, gardening, caring for pets, shopping, installation, servicing and repair of personal and household goods, childcare, and care of the sick, elderly or disabled household members, among others.","National statistical offices or national database and publications compiled by United Nations Statistics Division",
"SE.XPD.CSEC.ZS","Current education expenditure, secondary (% of total expenditure in secondary public institutions)","Current expenditure is expressed as a percentage of direct expenditure in public educational institutions (instructional and non-instructional) of the specified level of education. Financial aid to students and other transfers are excluded from direct expenditure. Current expenditure is consumed within the current year and would have to be renewed if needed in the following year. It includes staff compensation and current expenditure other than for staff compensation (ex. on teaching materials, ancillary services and administration).","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.BA.ZS","Educational attainment, at least Bachelor's or equivalent, population 25+, total (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Bachelor's or equivalent.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCAQ.LO.FE.ZS","Trained teachers in lower secondary education, female (% of female teachers)","Trained teachers in lower secondary education are the percentage of lower secondary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.ENRL.LO.TC.ZS","Pupil-teacher ratio, lower secondary","Lower secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the average number of pupils per teacher in lower secondary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.CMPT.LO.MA.ZS","Lower secondary completion rate, male (% of relevant age group)","Lower secondary education completion rate is measured as the gross intake ratio to the last grade of lower secondary education (general and pre-vocational). It is calculated as the number of new entrants in the last grade of lower secondary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of lower secondary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.TCAQ.FE.ZS","Trained teachers in primary education, female (% of female teachers)","Trained teachers in primary education are the percentage of primary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.NINT.FE.ZS","Net intake rate in grade 1, female (% of official school-age population)","Net intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education who are of official primary school entrance age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the corresponding age.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.CUAT.FE.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed primary, population 25+ years, female (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed primary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ENR.PRIM.FM.ZS","School enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)","Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_si_allsi.ben_q1_tot","Benefit incidence of social insurance programs to poorest quintile (% of total social insurance benefits)","Benefit incidence of social insurance programs to poorest quintile shows the percentage of total social insurance benefits received by the poorest 20% of the population. Social insurance programs include old age contributory pensions (including survivors and disability) and social security and health insurance benefits (including occupational injury benefits, paid sick leave, maternity and other social insurance). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_lm_alllm.ben_q1_tot","Benefit incidence of unemployment benefits and ALMP to poorest quintile (% of total U/ALMP benefits)","Benefit incidence of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) to poorest quintile shows the percentage of total unemployment and active labor market programs benefits received by the poorest 20% of the population. Unemployment benefits and active labor market programs include unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.TAX.NIND.CD","Taxes less subsidies on products (current US$)","Taxes less subsidies on products (net indirect taxes) are the sum of product taxes less subsidies. Product taxes are those taxes payable by producers that relate to the production, sale, purchase or use of the goods and services. Subsidies are grants on the current account made by general government to private enterprises and unincorporated public enterprises. The grants may take the form of payments to ensure a guaranteed price or to enable maintenance of prices of goods and services below costs of production, and other forms of assistance to producers. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.MKTP.PP.CD","GNI, PPP (current international $)","This indicator provides values for gross national income (GNI. Formerly GNP) expressed in current international dollars converted by purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion factor.  Gross national income is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. PPP conversion factor is a spatial price deflator and currency converter that eliminates the effects of the differences in price levels between countries.  From July 2020, “GNI: linked series (current LCU)” [NY.GNP.MKTP.CN.AD] is used as underlying GNI in local currency unit so that it’s in line with time series of PPP conversion factors, which are extrapolated with linked deflators.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GDP.PCAP.KN","GDP per capita (constant LCU)","GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.FCST.KN","Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (constant LCU)","Gross value added at basic prices (formerly GDP at factor cost) is derived as the sum of the value added in the agriculture, industry and services sectors. If the value added of these sectors is calculated at purchaser values, gross value added at basic prices is derived by subtracting net product taxes from GDP. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.NNTY.PC.KD.ZG","Adjusted net national income per capita (annual % growth)","Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.DKAP.GN.ZS","Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI)","Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production.","World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's National Accounts Statistics.",
"NV.MNF.TECH.ZS.UN","Medium and high-tech manufacturing value added (% manufacturing value added)","The proportion of medium and high-tech industry value added in total value added of manufacturing","United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Competitive Industrial Performance (CIP) database",
"NV.IND.MANF.CD","Manufacturing, value added (current US$)","Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS","Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)","Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.FTOT.KN","Gross fixed capital formation (constant LCU)","Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.DAB.TOTL.CN","Gross national expenditure (current LCU)","Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.KD","Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$)","Household and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. This indicator includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"MS.MIL.TOTL.P1","Armed forces personnel, total","Armed forces personnel are active duty military personnel, including paramilitary forces if the training, organization, equipment, and control suggest they may be used to support or replace regular military forces.","International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance.",
"IT.MLT.MAIN.P2","Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people)","Fixed telephone subscriptions refers to the sum of active number of analogue fixed telephone lines, voice-over-IP (VoIP) subscriptions, fixed wireless local loop (WLL) subscriptions, ISDN voice-channel equivalents and fixed public payphones.","International Telecommunication Union (ITU) World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database",
"NE.CON.GOVT.KD","General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$)","General government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"LP.LPI.INFR.XQ","Logistics performance index: Quality of trade and transport-related infrastructure (1=low to 5=high)","Data are from Logistics Performance Index surveys conducted by the World Bank in partnership with academic and international institutions and private companies and individuals engaged in international logistics. 2009 round of surveys covered more than 5,000 country assessments by nearly 1,000 international freight forwarders. Respondents evaluate eight markets on six core dimensions on a scale from 1 (worst) to 5 (best). The markets are chosen based on the most important export and import markets of the respondent's country, random selection, and, for landlocked countries, neighboring countries that connect them with international markets. Details of the survey methodology are in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete 2010: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy (2010). Respondents evaluated the quality of trade and transport related infrastructure (e.g. ports, railroads, roads, information technology), on a rating ranging from 1 (very low) to 5 (very high). Scores are averaged across all respondents.","World Bank and Turku School of Economics, Logistic Performance Index Surveys. Data are available online at: https://lpi.worldbank.org/. Summary results are published in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy, The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators report.",
"IS.RRS.PASG.KM","Railways, passengers carried (million passenger-km)","Passengers carried by railway are the number of passengers transported by rail times kilometers traveled.","Internation Union of Railways (UIC), OECD Statistics",
"IQ.CPA.TRAD.XQ","CPIA trade rating (1=low to 6=high)","Trade assesses how the policy framework fosters trade in goods.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IQ.CPA.ENVR.XQ","CPIA policy and institutions for environmental sustainability rating (1=low to 6=high)","Policy and institutions for environmental sustainability assess the extent to which environmental policies foster the protection and sustainable use of natural resources and the management of pollution.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IE.PPN.ICTI.CD","Public private partnerships investment in ICT (current US$)","Public Private Partnerships in ICT (current US$) refers to commitments to projects in ICT backbone infrastructure (including land based and submarine cables) that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets and small projects are excluded. The types of projects included are management and lease contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure and greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility). It excludes divestitures and merchant projects. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data is presented based on investment year. Data are in current U.S. dollars and available 2015 onwards only.","World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).",
"IC.REG.PROC.MA","Start-up procedures to register a business, male (number)","Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.IMP.CSDC.CD","Cost to import, documentary compliance (US$)","Documentary compliance captures the time and cost associated with compliance with the documentary requirements of all government agencies of the origin economy, the destination economy and any transit economies. The aim is to measure the total burden of preparing the bundle of documents that will enable completion of the international trade for the product and partner pair assumed in the case study.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.BRIB.ZS","Bribery incidence (% of firms experiencing at least one bribe payment request)","Bribery incidence is the percentage of firms experiencing at least one bribe payment request across 6 public transactions dealing with utilities access, permits, licenses, and taxes.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.BUS.NDNS.ZS","New business density (new registrations per 1,000 people ages 15-64)","New businesses registered are the number of new limited liability corporations (or its equivalent) registered in the calendar year.","World Bank's Entrepreneurship Database (https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/entrepreneurship).",
"GC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS","Expense (% of GDP)","Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"GC.TAX.OTHR.RV.ZS","Other taxes (% of revenue)","Other taxes include employer payroll or labor taxes, taxes on property, and taxes not allocable to other categories, such as penalties for late payment or nonpayment of taxes.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.REV.GOTR.CN","Grants and other revenue (current LCU)","Grants and other revenue include grants from other foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units; interest; dividends; rent; requited, nonrepayable receipts for public purposes (such as fines, administrative fees, and entrepreneurial income from government owner­ship of property); and voluntary, unrequited, nonrepayable receipts other than grants.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FX.OWN.TOTL.OL.ZS","Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, older adults (% of population ages 25+)","Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (older adults, % of population ages 25+).","Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2018, Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.",
"FP.CPI.TOTL","Consumer price index (2010 = 100)","Consumer price index reflects changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used. Data are period averages.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"FD.AST.PRVT.GD.ZS","Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP)","Domestic credit to private sector by banks refers to financial resources provided to the private sector by other depository corporations (deposit taking corporations except central banks), such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"ER.H2O.FWDM.ZS","Annual freshwater withdrawals, domestic (% of total freshwater withdrawal)","Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for domestic uses include drinking water, municipal use or supply, and use for public services, commercial establishments, and homes. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.","Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data.",
"EN.POP.DNST","Population density (people per sq. km of land area)","Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.","Food and Agriculture Organization and World Bank population estimates.",
"EN.ATM.PM25.MC.T2.ZS","PM2.5 pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO Interim Target-2 value (% of total)","Percent of population exposed to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 that exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) Interim Target 2 (IT-2) is defined as the portion of a country’s population living in places where mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 are greater than 25 micrograms per cubic meter. The Air Quality Guideline (AQG) of 10 micrograms per cubic meter is recommended by the WHO as the lower end of the range of concentrations over which adverse health effects due to PM2.5 exposure have been observed.","Brauer, M. et al. 2017, for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.",
"EN.ATM.HFCG.KT.CE","HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)","Hydrofluorocarbons, used as a replacement for chlorofluorocarbons, are used mainly in refrigeration and semiconductor manufacturing.","European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.EG.ZS","CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use)","Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.","Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.",
"EG.ELC.NGAS.ZS","Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total)","Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Gas refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"DT.TDS.DIMF.CD","IMF repurchases and charges (TDS, current US$)","IMF repurchases are total repayments of outstanding drawings from the General Resources Account during the year specified, excluding repayments due in the reserve tranche. IMF charges cover interest payments with respect to all uses of IMF resources, excluding those resulting from drawings in the reserve tranche. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.WFPG.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, WFP (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.PROP.CD","PPG, other private creditors (NFL, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.IAEA.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, IAEA (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.DOD.DPNG.CD","External debt stocks, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (DOD, current US$)","Private nonguaranteed external debt comprises long-term external obligations of private debtors that are not guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.POLL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Poland (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.DNKL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Denmark (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"BX.TRF.PWKR.DT.GD.ZS","Personal remittances, received (% of GDP)","Personal remittances comprise personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Data are the sum of two items defined in the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual: personal transfers and compensation of employees.","World Bank staff estimates based on IMF balance of payments data, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"BX.GSR.CMCP.ZS","Communications, computer, etc. (% of service exports, BoP)","Communications, computer, information, and other services cover international telecommunications; computer data; news-related service transactions between residents and nonresidents; construction services; royalties and license fees; miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services; personal, cultural, and recreational services; manufacturing services on physical inputs owned by others; and maintenance and repair services and government services not included elsewhere.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BN.CAB.XOKA.CD","Current account balance (BoP, current US$)","Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods and services, net primary income, and net secondary income. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.YLD.CREL.KG","Cereal yield (kg per hectare)","Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.LND.EL5M.UR.K2","Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km)","Urban land area below 5m is the total urban land area in square kilometers where the elevation is 5 meters or less.","Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.",
"VC.IHR.PSRC.P5","Intentional homicides (per 100,000 people)","Intentional homicides are estimates of unlawful homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.","UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database.",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.RS.ZS","Merchandise exports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports by the reporting economy residuals are the total merchandise exports by the reporting economy to the rest of the world as reported in the IMF's Direction of trade database, less the sum of exports by the reporting economy to high-, low-, and middle-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Includes trade with unspecified partners or with economies not covered by World Bank classification. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TX.VAL.FOOD.ZS.UN","Food exports (% of merchandise exports)","Food comprises the commodities in SITC sections 0 (food and live animals), 1 (beverages and tobacco), and 4 (animal and vegetable oils and fats) and SITC division 22 (oil seeds, oil nuts, and oil kernels).","World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.R4.ZS","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East and North Africa are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Middle East and North Africa region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.TAX.TCOM.WM.FN.ZS","Tariff rate, most favored nation, weighted mean, primary products (%)","Weighted mean most favored nations tariff is the average of most favored nation rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"TM.TAX.MANF.WM.FN.ZS","Tariff rate, most favored nation, weighted mean, manufactured products (%)","Weighted mean most favored nations tariff is the average of most favored nation rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"ST.INT.RCPT.XP.ZS","International tourism, receipts (% of total exports)","International tourism receipts are expenditures by international inbound visitors, including payments to national carriers for international transport. These receipts include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except when these are important enough to justify separate classification. For some countries they do not include receipts for passenger transport items. Their share in exports is calculated as a ratio to exports of goods and services, which comprise all transactions between residents of a country and the rest of the world involving a change of ownership from residents to nonresidents of general merchandise, goods sent for processing and repairs, nonmonetary gold, and services.","World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files, and IMF and World Bank exports estimates.",
"SP.REG.BRTH.FE.ZS","Completeness of birth registration, female (%)","Completeness of birth registration is the percentage of children under age 5 whose births were registered at the time of the survey. The numerator of completeness of birth registration includes children whose birth certificate was seen by the interviewer or whose mother or caretaker says the birth has been registered.","UNICEF's State of the World's Children based mostly on household surveys and ministry of health data.",
"SP.POP.7579.FE.5Y","Population ages 75-79, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 75 to 79 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.5054.FE.5Y","Population ages 50-54, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 50 to 54 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.1564.MA.IN","Population ages 15-64, male","Male population between the ages 15 to 64. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.0004.FE.5Y","Population ages 00-04, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 0 to 4 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.CONM.ZS","Contraceptive prevalence, any modern method (% of married women ages 15-49)","Contraceptive prevalence, any modern method is the percentage of married women ages 15-49 who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, at least one modern method of contraception.  Modern methods of contraception include female and male sterilization, oral hormonal pills, the intra-uterine device (IUD), the male condom, injectables, the implant (including Norplant), vaginal barrier methods, the female condom and emergency contraception.","Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. Largely compiled by United Nations Population Division.",
"SL.WAG.0714.ZS","Children in employment, wage workers (% of children in employment, ages 7-14)","Wage workers (also known as employees) are people who hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that provide basic remuneration that does not depend directly on the revenue of the unit for which they work.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.UEM.BASC.MA.ZS","Unemployment with basic education, male (% of male labor force with basic education)","The percentage of the labor force with a basic level of education who are unemployed. Basic education comprises primary education or lower secondary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.INTM.ZS","Labor force with intermediate education (% of total working-age population with intermediate education)","The ratio of the labor force with intermediate education to the working-age population with intermediate education. Intermediate education comprises upper secondary or post-secondary non tertiary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ADVN.FE.ZS","Labor force with advanced education, female (% of female working-age population with advanced education)","The ratio of the labor force with advanced education to the working-age population with advanced education. Advanced education comprises short-cycle tertiary education, a bachelor’s degree or equivalent education level, a master’s degree or equivalent education level, or doctoral degree or equivalent education level according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.WK.FE.TM","Average working hours of children, working only, female, ages 7-14 (hours per week)","Average working hours of children working only refers to the average weekly working hours of those children who are involved in economic activity and not attending school.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.SLF.0714.MA.ZS","Children in employment, self-employed, male (% of male children in employment, ages 7-14)","Self-employed workers are people whose remuneration depends directly on the profits derived from the goods and services they produce, with or without other employees, and include employers, own-account workers, and members of producers cooperatives.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.EMP.WORK.MA.ZS","Wage and salaried workers, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Wage and salaried workers (employees) are those workers who hold the type of jobs defined as ""paid employment jobs,"" where the incumbents hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that give them a basic remuneration that is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.MPYR.MA.ZS","Employers, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners, hold the type of jobs defined as a ""self-employment jobs"" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced), and, in this capacity, have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them as employee(s).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SI.SPR.PC40.ZG","Annualized average growth rate in per capita real survey mean consumption or income, bottom 40% of population (%)","The growth rate in the welfare aggregate of the bottom 40% is computed as the annualized average growth rate in per capita real consumption or income of the bottom 40% of the population in  the income distribution in a country from household surveys over a roughly 5-year period. Mean per capita real consumption or income is measured at 2011 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) using the Poverty and Inequality Platform (http://www.pip.worldbank.org). For some countries means are not reported due to grouped and/or confidential data. The annualized growth rate is computed as (Mean in final year/Mean in initial year)^(1/(Final year - Initial year)) - 1.  The reference year is the year in which the underlying household survey data was collected. In cases for which the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the first year in which data were collected is reported. The initial year refers to the nearest survey collected 5 years before the most recent survey available, only surveys collected between 3 and 7 years before the most recent survey are considered.  The coverage and quality of the 2011 PPP price data for Iraq and most other North African and Middle Eastern countries were hindered by the exceptional period of instability they faced at the time of the 2011 exercise of the International Comparison Program. See the Poverty and Inequality Platform for detailed explanations.","World Bank, Global Database of Shared Prosperity (GDSP) (http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/brief/global-database-of-shared-prosperity).",
"SI.POV.LMIC","Poverty headcount ratio at $3.20 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population)","Poverty headcount ratio at $3.20 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $3.20 a day at 2011 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.OOPC.PC.CD","Out-of-pocket expenditure per capita (current US$)","Health expenditure through out-of-pocket payments per capita in USD.  Out of pocket payments are spending on health directly out of pocket by households in each country.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.OOPC.25.TO","Number of people spending more than 25% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure","Number of people spending more than 25% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure. Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2021. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021.",
"SH.SVR.WAST.FE.ZS","Prevalence of severe wasting, weight for height, female (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of severe wasting, female, is the proportion of girls under age 5 whose weight for height is more than three standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.POIS.P5.MA","Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning, male (per 100,000 male population)","Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisonings is the number of male deaths from unintentional poisonings in a year per 100,000 male population. Unintentional poisoning can be caused by household chemicals, pesticides, kerosene, carbon monoxide and medicines, or can be the result of environmental contamination or occupational chemical exposure.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.STA.MALN.FE.ZS","Prevalence of underweight, weight for age, female (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of underweight, female, is the percentage of girls under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.AIRP.FE.P5","Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, female (per 100,000 female population)","Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized.  Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.MED.NUMW.P3","Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people)","Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.","World Health Organization's Global Health Workforce Statistics, OECD, supplemented by country data.",
"SH.HIV.1524.FE.ZS","Prevalence of HIV, female (% ages 15-24)","Prevalence of HIV, female is the percentage of females who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS","Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49)","Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.CON.1524.MA.ZS","Condom use, population ages 15-24, male (% of males ages 15-24)","Condom use, male is the percentage of the male population ages 15-24 who used a condom at last intercourse in the last 12 months.","Demographic and Health Surveys, and UNAIDS.",
"SG.TIM.UWRK.FE","Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic and care work, female (% of 24 hour day)","The average time women spend on household provision of services for own consumption. Data are expressed as a proportion of time in a day. Domestic and care work includes food preparation, dishwashing, cleaning and upkeep of a dwelling, laundry, ironing, gardening, caring for pets, shopping, installation, servicing and repair of personal and household goods, childcare, and care of the sick, elderly or disabled household members, among others.","National statistical offices or national database and publications compiled by United Nations Statistics Division.  The data were downloaded on December 3 from the Global SDG Indicators Database:  https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators/database/",
"SE.XPD.CPRM.ZS","Current education expenditure, primary (% of total expenditure in primary public institutions)","Current expenditure is expressed as a percentage of direct expenditure in public educational institutions (instructional and non-instructional) of the specified level of education. Financial aid to students and other transfers are excluded from direct expenditure. Current expenditure is consumed within the current year and would have to be renewed if needed in the following year. It includes staff compensation and current expenditure other than for staff compensation (ex. on teaching materials, ancillary services and administration).","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.BA.MA.ZS","Educational attainment, at least Bachelor's or equivalent, population 25+, male (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Bachelor's or equivalent.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCAQ.FE.ZS","Trained teachers in secondary education, female (% of female teachers)","Trained teachers in secondary education are the percentage of secondary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.ENRL.GC.FE.ZS","Secondary education, general pupils (% female)","Secondary general pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in general education programs, including teacher training.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.CMPT.LO.FE.ZS","Lower secondary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)","Lower secondary education completion rate is measured as the gross intake ratio to the last grade of lower secondary education (general and pre-vocational). It is calculated as the number of new entrants in the last grade of lower secondary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of lower secondary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.REPT.ZS","Repeaters, primary, total (% of total enrollment)","Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.NENR.MA","School enrollment, primary, male (% net)","Net enrollment rate is the ratio of children of official school age who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.CMPT.ZS","Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)","Primary completion rate, or gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary education, is the number of new entrants (enrollments minus repeaters) in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of primary education. Data limitations preclude adjusting for students who drop out during the final year of primary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.COM.DURS","Compulsory education, duration (years)","Duration of compulsory education is the number of years that children are legally obliged to attend school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_si_allsi.adq_pop_tot","Adequacy of social insurance programs (% of total welfare of beneficiary households)","Adequacy of social insurance programs is measured by the total transfer amount received by the population participating in social insurance programs as a share of their total welfare. Welfare is defined as the total income or total expenditure of beneficiary households. Social insurance programs include old age contributory pensions (including survivors and disability) and social security and health insurance benefits (including occupational injury benefits, paid sick leave, maternity and other social insurance). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_lm_alllm.adq_pop_tot","Adequacy of unemployment benefits and ALMP (% of total welfare of beneficiary households)","Adequacy of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) is measured by the total transfer amount received by the population participating in unemployment benefits and active labor market programs as a share of their total welfare. Welfare is defined as the total income or total expenditure of beneficiary households. Unemployment benefits and active labor market programs include unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.GSR.NFCY.KN","Net primary income (Net income from abroad) (constant LCU)","Net primary income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.MKTP.KN","GNI (constant LCU)","GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.PCAP.KD.ZG","GDP per capita growth (annual %)","Annual percentage growth rate of GDP per capita based on constant local currency. GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.FCST.KD","Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (constant 2015 US$)","Gross value added at basic prices (formerly GDP at factor cost) is derived as the sum of the value added in the agriculture, industry and services sectors. If the value added of these sectors is calculated at purchaser values, gross value added at basic prices is derived by subtracting net product taxes from GDP. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.NNTY.PC.KD","Adjusted net national income per capita (constant 2015 US$)","Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.DKAP.CD","Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (current US$)","Consumption of fixed capital represents the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production.","World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's National Accounts Statistics.",
"NV.MNF.OTHR.ZS.UN","Other manufacturing (% of value added in manufacturing)","Value added in manufacturing is the sum of gross output less the value of intermediate inputs used in production for industries classified in ISIC major division D. Other manufacturing, a residual, covers wood and related products (ISIC division 20), paper and related products (ISIC divisions 21 and 22), petroleum and related products (ISIC division 23), basic metals and mineral products (ISIC division27), fabricated metal products and professional goods (ISIC division 28), and other industries (ISIC divisions 25, 26, 31, 33, 36, and 37). Includes unallocated data. When data for textiles, machinery, or chemicals are shown as not available, they are included in other manufacturing.","United Nations Industrial Development Organization, International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics.",
"NV.IND.EMPL.KD","Industry (including construction), value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)","Value added per worker is a measure of labor productivity—value added per unit of input. Value added denotes the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. Data are in constant 2015 U.S. dollars. Industry corresponds to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) tabulation categories C-F (revision 3) or tabulation categories B-F (revision 4), and includes mining and quarrying (including oil production), manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water).","Derived using World Bank national accounts data and OECD National Accounts data files, and employment data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database.",
"VC.IHR.PSRC.FE.P5","Intentional homicides, female (per 100,000 female)","Intentional homicides, female are estimates of unlawful female homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.","UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database.",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.R5.ZS","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in South Asia are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the South Asia region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TX.UVI.MRCH.XD.WD","Export unit value index (2000 = 100)","Export unit value indices come from UNCTAD's trade database. Unit value indices are based on data reported by countries that demonstrate consistency under UNCTAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD’s estimates using the previous year’s trade values at the Standard International Trade Classification three-digit level as weights. To improve data coverage, especially for the latest periods, UNCTAD constructs a set of average prices indexes at the three-digit product classification of the Standard International Trade Classification revision 3 using UNCTAD’s Commodity Price Statistics, interna¬tional and national sources, and UNCTAD secretariat estimates.","United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files. (http://unctadstat.unctad.org)",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.R2.ZS","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Europe and Central Asia are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from low- and middle-income economies in the Europe and Central Asia region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.TAX.TCOM.SR.ZS","Share of tariff lines with specific rates, primary products (%)","Share of tariff lines with specific rates is the share of lines in the tariff schedule that are set on a per unit basis or that combine ad valorem and per unit rates. It shows the extent to which countries use tariffs based on physical quantities or other, non-ad valorem measures. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.",
"TM.TAX.MANF.SR.ZS","Share of tariff lines with specific rates, manufactured products (%)","Share of tariff lines with specific rates is the share of lines in the tariff schedule that are set on a per unit basis or that combine ad valorem and per unit rates. It shows the extent to which countries use tariffs based on physical quantities or other, non-ad valorem measures. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.",
"ST.INT.DPRT","International tourism, number of departures","International outbound tourists are the number of departures that people make from their country of usual residence to any other country for any purpose other than a remunerated activity in the country visited. The data on outbound tourists refer to the number of departures, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips from a country during a given period is counted each time as a new departure.","World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.",
"SP.POP.TOTL.MA.IN","Population, male","Male population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all male residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.7074.FE.5Y","Population ages 70-74, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 70 to 74 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.4549.FE.5Y","Population ages 45-49, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 45 to 49 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.1564.FE.IN","Population ages 15-64, female","Female population between the ages 15 to 64. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.M18.2024.FE.ZS","Women who were first married by age 18 (% of women ages 20-24)","Women who were first married by age 18 refers to the percentage of women ages 20-24 who were first married by age 18.","UNICEF Data; Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), AIDS Indicator Surveys(AIS), Reproductive Health Survey(RHS), and other household surveys.",
"SP.DYN.CBRT.IN","Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people)","Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the rate of population change in the absence of migration.","(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.",
"SL.WAG.0714.FE.ZS","Children in employment, wage workers, female (% of female children in employment, ages 7-14)","Wage workers (also known as employees) are people who hold explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts that provide basic remuneration that does not depend directly on the revenue of the unit for which they work.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.UEM.ADVN.ZS","Unemployment with advanced education (% of total labor force with advanced education)","The percentage of the labor force with an advanced level of education who are unemployed. Advanced education comprises short-cycle tertiary education, a bachelor’s degree or equivalent education level, a master’s degree or equivalent education level, or doctoral degree or equivalent education level according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.INTM.FE.ZS","Labor force with intermediate education, female (% of female working-age population with intermediate education)","The ratio of the labor force with intermediate education to the working-age population with intermediate education. Intermediate education comprises upper secondary or post-secondary non tertiary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ACTI.MA.ZS","Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15-64 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on June 15, 2021.",
"SL.TLF.0714.SW.TM","Average working hours of children, study and work, ages 7-14 (hours per week)","Average working hours of children studying and working refer to the average weekly working hours of those children who are attending school in combination with economic activity.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.MNF.0714.ZS","Child employment in manufacturing (% of economically active children ages 7-14)","Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). Manufacturing corresponds to division 3 (ISIC revision 2), category D (ISIC revision 3), or category C (ISIC revision 4). Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.EMP.VULN.ZS","Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Vulnerable employment is contributing family workers and own-account workers as a percentage of total employment.","Derived using data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. The data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.1524.SP.ZS","Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SI.RMT.COST.OB.ZS","Average transaction cost of sending remittances from a specific country (%)","Average transaction cost of sending remittance from a specific country is the average of the total transaction cost in percentage of the amount sent for sending USD 200 charged by each single remittance service provider (RSP) included in the Remittance Prices Worldwide (RPW) database from a specific country.","World Bank, Remittance Prices Worldwide, available at http://remittanceprices.worldbank.org",
"SI.POV.GAPS","Poverty gap at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) (%)","Poverty gap at $1.90 a day (2011 PPP) is the mean shortfall in income or consumption from the poverty line $1.90 a day (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.GHED.PP.CD","Domestic general government health expenditure per capita, PPP (current international $)","Public expenditure on health from domestic sources per capita expressed in international dollars at purchasing power parity.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.OOPC.10.TO","Number of people spending more than 10% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure","Number of people spending more than 10% of household consumption or income on out-of-pocket health care expenditure. Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2021. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021.",
"SH.STA.WAST.MA.ZS","Prevalence of wasting, weight for height, male (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of wasting, male,is the proportion of boys under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.POIS.P5","Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning (per 100,000 population)","Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisonings is the number of deaths from unintentional poisonings in a year per 100,000 population.  Unintentional poisoning can be caused by household chemicals, pesticides, kerosene, carbon monoxide and medicines, or can be the result of environmental contamination or occupational chemical exposure.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.STA.HYGN.UR.ZS","People with basic handwashing facilities including soap and water, urban (% of urban population)","The percentage of people living in households that have a handwashing facility with soap and water available on the premises. Handwashing facilities may be fixed or mobile and include a sink with tap water, buckets with taps, tippy-taps, and jugs or basins designated for handwashing. Soap includes bar soap, liquid soap, powder detergent, and soapy water but does not include ash, soil, sand or other handwashing agents.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.SGR.IRSK.ZS","Risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk)","The proportion of population at risk of impoverishing expenditure when surgical care is required. Impoverishing expenditure is defined as direct out of pocket payments for surgical and anaesthesia care which drive people below a poverty threshold (using a threshold of $1.90 PPP/day).","The Program in Global Surgery and Social Change (PGSSC) at Harvard Medical School (https://www.pgssc.org/)",
"SH.MED.BEDS.ZS","Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)","Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included.","Data are from the World Health Organization, supplemented by country data.",
"SH.H2O.SMDW.ZS","People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population)","The percentage of people using drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.DYN.2024","Probability of dying among youth ages 20-24 years (per 1,000)","Probability of dying between age 20-24 years of age expressed per 1,000 youths age 20, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SH.ANM.NPRG.ZS","Prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant women (% of women ages 15-49)","Prevalence of anemia, non-pregnant women, is the percentage of non-pregnant women whose hemoglobin level is less than 120 grams per liter at sea level.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository/World Health Statistics.",
"SG.GEN.PARL.ZS","Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)","Women in parliaments are the percentage of parliamentary seats in a single or lower chamber held by women.","Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) (www.ipu.org).  For the year of 1998, the data is as of August 10, 1998.",
"SE.TER.ENRR.MA","School enrollment, tertiary, male (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.UNER.LO.ZS","Adolescents out of school (% of lower secondary school age)","Adolescents out of school are the percentage of lower secondary school age adolescents who are not enrolled in school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.PROG.MA.ZS","Progression to secondary school, male (%)","Progression to secondary school refers to the number of new entrants to the first grade of secondary school in a given year as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of primary school in the previous year (minus the number of repeaters from the last grade of primary education in the given year).","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.ENRL.FE.ZS","Secondary education, pupils (% female)","Female pupils as a percentage of total pupils at secondary level includes enrollments in public and private schools.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.UNER.ZS","Children out of school (% of primary school age)","Children out of school are the percentage of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Children in the official primary age group that are in preprimary education should be considered out of school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.REPT.FE.ZS","Repeaters, primary, female (% of female enrollment)","Repeaters in primary school are the number of students enrolled in the same grade as in the previous year, as a percentage of all students enrolled in primary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.NENR","School enrollment, primary (% net)","Net enrollment rate is the ratio of children of official school age who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.CMPT.FE.ZS","Primary completion rate, female (% of relevant age group)","Primary completion rate, or gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary education, is the number of new entrants (enrollments minus repeaters) in the last grade of primary education, regardless of age, divided by the population at the entrance age for the last grade of primary education. Data limitations preclude adjusting for students who drop out during the final year of primary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ADT.LITR.MA.ZS","Literacy rate, adult male (% of males ages 15 and above)","Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_sa_allsa.cov_q4_tot","Coverage of social safety net programs in 4th quintile (% of population)","Coverage of social safety net programs shows the percentage of population participating in cash transfers and last resort programs, noncontributory social pensions, other cash transfers programs (child, family and orphan allowances, birth and death grants, disability benefits, and other allowances), conditional cash transfers, in-kind food transfers (food stamps and vouchers, food rations, supplementary feeding, and emergency food distribution), school feeding, other social assistance programs (housing allowances, scholarships, fee waivers, health subsidies, and other social assistance) and public works programs (cash for work and food for work). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_allsp.ben_q1_tot","Benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs to poorest quintile (% of total SPL benefits)","Benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs (SPL) to poorest quintile shows the percentage of total social protection and labor programs benefits received by the poorest 20% of the population. Social protection and labor programs include social insurance, social safety nets, and unemployment benefits and active labor market programs. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.GSR.NFCY.CD","Net primary income (Net income from abroad) (current US$)","Net primary income includes the net labor income and net property and entrepreneurial income components of the SNA. Labor income covers compensation of employees paid to nonresident workers. Property and entrepreneurial income covers investment income from the ownership of foreign financial claims (interest, dividends, rent, etc.) and nonfinancial property income (patents, copyrights, etc.). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.MKTP.KD","GNI (constant 2015 US$)","GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.PCAP.CN","GDP per capita (current LCU)","GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.FCST.CD","Gross value added at basic prices (GVA) (current US$)","Gross value added at basic prices (formerly GDP at factor cost) is derived as the sum of the value added in the agriculture, industry and services sectors. If the value added of these sectors is calculated at purchaser values, gross value added at basic prices is derived by subtracting net product taxes from GDP. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.NNTY.KD.ZG","Adjusted net national income (annual % growth)","Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.DFOR.CD","Adjusted savings: net forest depletion (current US$)","Net forest depletion is calculated as the product of unit resource rents and the excess of roundwood harvest over natural growth.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NV.MNF.FBTO.ZS.UN","Food, beverages and tobacco (% of value added in manufacturing)","Value added in manufacturing is the sum of gross output less the value of intermediate inputs used in production for industries classified in ISIC major division D. Food, beverages, and tobacco correspond to ISIC divisions 15 and 16.","United Nations Industrial Development Organization, International Yearbook of Industrial Statistics.",
"NV.FSM.TOTL.CN","Financial intermediary services indirectly Measured (FISIM) (current LCU)","Financial intermediation services indirectly measured (FISIM) is an indirect measure of the value of financial intermediation services (i.e. output) provided but for which financial institutions do not charge explicitly as compared to explicit bank charges. Although the 1993 SNA recommends that the FISIM are allocated as intermediate and final consumption to the users, many countries still make a global (negative) adjustment to the sum of gross value added.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.IMP.GNFS.KD","Imports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$)","Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.FTOT.CN","Gross fixed capital formation (current LCU)","Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.TOTL.ZS","Final consumption expenditure (% of GDP)","Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption). This estimate includes any statistical discrepancy in the use of resources relative to the supply of resources.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.CD","Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (current US$)","Household and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. This indicator includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households even when reported separately by the country. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"LP.LPI.TIME.XQ","Logistics performance index: Frequency with which shipments reach consignee within scheduled or expected time (1=low to 5=high)","Data are from Logistics Performance Index surveys conducted by the World Bank in partnership with academic and international institutions and private companies and individuals engaged in international logistics. 2009 round of surveys covered more than 5,000 country assessments by nearly 1,000 international freight forwarders. Respondents evaluate eight markets on six core dimensions on a scale from 1 (worst) to 5 (best). The markets are chosen based on the most important export and import markets of the respondent's country, random selection, and, for landlocked countries, neighboring countries that connect them with international markets. Details of the survey methodology are in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete 2010: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy (2010). Respondents assessed how often the shipments to assessed markets reach the consignee within the scheduled or expected delivery time, on a rating ranging from 1 (hardly ever) to 5 (nearly always). Scores are averaged across all respondents.","World Bank and Turku School of Economics, Logistic Performance Index Surveys. Data are available online at: https://lpi.worldbank.org/. Summary results are published in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy, The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators report.",
"IE.PPN.ENGY.CD","Public private partnerships investment in energy (current US$)","Public Private Partnerships in energy (current US$)  refers to commitments to  infrastructure projects in energy (electricity and natural gas transmission and distribution) that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets and small projects such as windmills are excluded. The types of projects included are  management and lease contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, and greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility). It excludes divestitures and merchant projects. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data is presented based on investment year. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).",
"IC.REG.PROC.FE","Start-up procedures to register a business, female (number)","Start-up procedures are those required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. Data are for businesses with specific characteristics of ownership, size, and type of production.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.IMP.CSBC.CD","Cost to import, border compliance (US$)","Border compliance captures the time and cost associated with compliance with the economy’s customs regulations and with regulations relating to other inspections that are mandatory in order for the shipment to cross the economy’s border, as well as the time and cost for handling that takes place at its port or border. The time and cost for this segment include time and cost for customs clearance and inspection procedures conducted by other government agencies.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.BNKS.ZS","Firms using banks to finance investment (% of firms)","Firms using banks to finance investment are the percentage of firms using banks to finance investments.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.BUS.EASE.XQ","Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations)","Ease of doing business ranks economies from 1 to 190, with first place being the best. The ranking of economies is determined by sorting the aggregate ease of doing business scores. A high ranking (a low numerical rank) means that the regulatory environment is conducive to business operation.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"GC.XPN.TOTL.CN","Expense (current LCU)","Expense is cash payments for operating activities of the government in providing goods and services. It includes compensation of employees (such as wages and salaries), interest and subsidies, grants, social benefits, and other expenses such as rent and dividends.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.OTHR.CN","Other taxes (current LCU)","Other taxes include employer payroll or labor taxes, taxes on property, and taxes not allocable to other categories, such as penalties for late payment or nonpayment of taxes.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.NLD.TOTL.GD.ZS","Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)","Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FX.OWN.TOTL.MA.ZS","Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, male (% of population ages 15+)","Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (male, % age 15+).","Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2018, Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.",
"FM.LBL.BMNY.ZG","Broad money growth (annual %)","Broad money (IFS line 35L..ZK) is the sum of currency outside banks; demand deposits other than those of the central government; the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government; bank and traveler’s checks; and other securities such as certificates of deposit and commercial paper.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"FB.CBK.DPTR.P3","Depositors with commercial banks (per 1,000 adults)","Depositors with commercial banks are the reported number of deposit account holders at commercial banks and other resident banks functioning as commercial banks that are resident nonfinancial corporations (public and private) and households. For many countries data cover the total number of deposit accounts due to lack of information on account holders. The major types of deposits are checking accounts, savings accounts, and time deposits.","International Monetary Fund, Financial Access Survey.",
"ER.H2O.FWAG.ZS","Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)","Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for agriculture are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production. Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.","Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data.",
"EN.MAM.THRD.NO","Mammal species, threatened","Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.","United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, and International Union for Conservation of Nature, Red List of Threatened Species.",
"EN.ATM.PM25.MC.T1.ZS","PM2.5 pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO Interim Target-1 value (% of total)","Percent of population exposed to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 that exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) Interim Target 1 (IT-1) is defined as the portion of a country’s population living in places where mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 are greater than 35 micrograms per cubic meter. The Air Quality Guideline (AQG) of 10 micrograms per cubic meter is recommended by the WHO as the lower end of the range of concentrations over which adverse health effects due to PM2.5 exposure have been observed.","Brauer, M. et al. 2017, for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.",
"EN.ATM.GHGT.ZG","Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)","Total greenhouse gas emissions are composed of CO2 totals excluding short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning and savanna burning) but including other biomass burning (such as forest fires, post-burn decay, peat fires and decay of drained peatlands), all anthropogenic CH4 sources, N2O sources and F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6). Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.","World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.",
"EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE","Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita)","Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EG.ELC.LOSS.ZS","Electric power transmission and distribution losses (% of output)","Electric power transmission and distribution losses include losses in transmission between sources of supply and points of distribution and in the distribution to consumers, including pilferage.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2018 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"DT.TDS.DECT.GN.ZS","Total debt service (% of GNI)","Total debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt, and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.UNWT.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNWTO (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.PNGC.CD","PNG, commercial banks and other creditors (NFL, current US$)","Nonguaranteed long-term commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.FAOG.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, FAO (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.DOD.DLXF.CD","External debt stocks, long-term (DOD, current US$)","Long-term debt is debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year. It has three components: public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed debt. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.NZLL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, New Zealand (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.DEUL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Germany (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"BX.TRF.PWKR.CD.DT","Personal remittances, received (current US$)","Personal remittances comprise personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Data are the sum of two items defined in the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual: personal transfers and compensation of employees. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank staff estimates based on IMF balance of payments data.",
"BX.GSR.CCIS.ZS","ICT service exports (% of service exports, BoP)","Information and communication technology service exports include computer and communications services (telecommunications and postal and courier services) and information services (computer data and news-related service transactions).","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.TRF.PWKR.CD.DT","Personal remittances, paid (current US$)","Personal remittances comprise personal transfers and compensation of employees. Personal transfers consist of all current transfers in cash or in kind made or received by resident households to or from nonresident households. Personal transfers thus include all current transfers between resident and nonresident individuals. Compensation of employees refers to the income of border, seasonal, and other short-term workers who are employed in an economy where they are not resident and of residents employed by nonresident entities. Data are the sum of two items defined in the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual: personal transfers and compensation of employees. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank staff estimates based on IMF balance of payments data.",
"AG.SRF.TOTL.K2","Surface area (sq. km)","Surface area is a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.LND.EL5M.RU.ZS","Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area)","Rural land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the rural land elevation is 5 meters or less.","Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.",
"IT.NET.USER.ZS","Individuals using the Internet (% of population)","Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc.","International Telecommunication Union (ITU) World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database",
"IS.AIR.DPRT","Air transport, registered carrier departures worldwide","Registered carrier departures worldwide are domestic takeoffs and takeoffs abroad of air carriers registered in the country.","International Civil Aviation Organization, Civil Aviation Statistics of the World and ICAO staff estimates.",
"IQ.CPA.PUBS.XQ","CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high)","The public sector management and institutions cluster includes property rights and rule-based governance, quality of budgetary and financial management, efficiency of revenue mobilization, quality of public administration, and transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IP.TMK.TOTL","Trademark applications, total","Trademark applications filed are applications to register a trademark with a national or regional Intellectual Property (IP) office. A trademark is a distinctive sign which identifies certain goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. A trademark provides protection to the owner of the mark by ensuring the exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services, or to authorize another to use it in return for payment. The period of protection varies, but a trademark can be renewed indefinitely beyond the time limit on payment of additional fees.","World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), World Intellectual Property Indicators and www.wipo.int/econ_stat. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.",
"IE.PPI.ICTI.CD","Investment in ICT with private participation (current US$)","Investment in ICT projects with private participation refers to commitments to projects in ICT backbone infrastructure (including land based and submarine cables) that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets and small projects are excluded. The types of projects included are operations and management contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data is presented based on investment year. Data are in current U.S. dollars and available 2015 onwards only.","World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).",
"IC.REG.DURS.FE","Time required to start a business, female (days)","Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.THEV.ZS","Firms experiencing losses due to theft and vandalism (% of firms)","Percent of firms experiencing losses due to theft, robbery, vandalism or arson that occurred on the establishment's premises.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.EXP.TMBC","Time to export, border compliance (hours)","Border compliance captures the time and cost associated with compliance with the economy’s customs regulations and with regulations relating to other inspections that are mandatory in order for the shipment to cross the economy’s border, as well as the time and cost for handling that takes place at its port or border. The time and cost for this segment include time and cost for customs clearance and inspection procedures conducted by other government agencies.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"HD.HCI.OVRL.UB.MA","Human Capital Index (HCI), Male, Upper Bound (scale 0-1)","The HCI upper bound reflects uncertainty in the measurement of the components and the overall index. It is obtained by recalculating the HCI using estimates of the upper bounds of each of the components of the HCI. The range between the upper and lower bound is the uncertainty interval. While the uncertainty intervals constructed here do not have a rigorous statistical interpretation, a rule of thumb is that if for two countries they overlap substantially, the differences between their HCI values are not likely to be practically meaningful.","World Bank staff calculations based on the methodology described in World Bank (2018). https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30498",
"GC.XPN.INTP.ZS","Interest payments (% of expense)","Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.IMPT.ZS","Customs and other import duties (% of tax revenue)","Customs and other import duties are all levies collected on goods that are entering the country or services delivered by nonresidents to residents. They include levies imposed for revenue or protection purposes and determined on a specific or ad valorem basis as long as they are restricted to imported goods or services.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.NFN.TOTL.CN","Net investment in nonfinancial assets (current LCU)","Net investment in government nonfinancial assets includes fixed assets, inventories, valuables, and nonproduced assets. Nonfinancial assets are stores of value and provide benefits either through their use in the production of goods and services or in the form of property income and holding gains. Net investment in nonfinancial assets also includes consumption of fixed capital.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FX.OWN.TOTL.40.ZS","Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, poorest 40% (% of population ages 15+)","Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (poorest 40%, share of population ages 15+).","Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2018, Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.",
"FM.LBL.BMNY.CN","Broad money (current LCU)","Broad money (IFS line 35L..ZK) is the sum of currency outside banks; demand deposits other than those of the central government; the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government; bank and traveler’s checks; and other securities such as certificates of deposit and commercial paper.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"FB.BNK.CAPA.ZS","Bank capital to assets ratio (%)","Bank capital to assets is the ratio of bank capital and reserves to total assets. Capital and reserves include funds contributed by owners, retained earnings, general and special reserves, provisions, and valuation adjustments. Capital includes tier 1 capital (paid-up shares and common stock), which is a common feature in all countries' banking systems, and total regulatory capital, which includes several specified types of subordinated debt instruments that need not be repaid if the funds are required to maintain minimum capital levels (these comprise tier 2 and tier 3 capital). Total assets include all nonfinancial and financial assets.","International Monetary Fund, Financial Soundness Indicators.",
"ER.FSH.CAPT.MT","Capture fisheries production (metric tons)","Capture fisheries production measures the volume of fish catches landed by a country for all commercial, industrial, recreational and subsistence purposes.","Food and Agriculture Organization.",
"EN.CO2.TRAN.ZS","CO2 emissions from transport (% of total fuel combustion)","CO2 emissions from transport contains emissions from the combustion of fuel for all transport activity, regardless of the sector, except for international marine bunkers and international aviation. This includes domestic aviation, domestic navigation, road, rail and pipeline transport, and corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 3. In addition, the IEA data are not collected in a way that allows the autoproducer consumption to be split by specific end-use and therefore, autoproducers are shown as a separate item (Unallocated Autoproducers).","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EN.ATM.NOXE.ZG","Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990)","Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.","World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.",
"EN.ATM.GHGO.KT.CE","Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)","Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.","World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.",
"EG.USE.COMM.GD.PP.KD","Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per $1,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP)","Energy use per PPP GDP is the kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use per constant PPP GDP. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to 2017 constant international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EG.ELC.COAL.ZS","Electricity production from coal sources (% of total)","Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Coal refers to all coal and brown coal, both primary (including hard coal and lignite-brown coal) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coke oven gas, and blast furnace gas). Peat is also included in this category.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"DT.ODA.ODAT.XP.ZS","Net ODA received (% of central government expense)","Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. IMF central government expense estimates are used for the denominator.",
"DT.NFL.UNPB.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNPBF (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.PCBK.CD","PPG, commercial banks (NFL, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.BLAT.CD","Net financial flows, bilateral (NFL, current US$)","Bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.DECT.CD","External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$)","Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.LUXL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Luxembourg (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.CECL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, European Union institutions (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"BX.PEF.TOTL.CD.WD","Portfolio equity, net inflows (BoP, current US$)","Portfolio equity includes net inflows from equity securities other than those recorded as direct investment and including shares, stocks, depository receipts (American or global), and direct purchases of shares in local stock markets by foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, and World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"BX.GRT.EXTA.CD.WD","Grants, excluding technical cooperation (BoP, current US$)","Grants are defined as legally binding commitments that obligate a specific value of funds available for disbursement for which there is no repayment requirement. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics, and OECD.",
"BM.KLT.DINV.CD.WD","Foreign direct investment, net outflows (BoP, current US$)","Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in an economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. This series shows net outflows of investment from the reporting economy to the rest of the world. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and official national sources.",
"AG.PRD.CROP.XD","Crop production index (2014-2016 = 100)","Crop production index shows agricultural production for each year relative to the base period 2014-2016. It includes all crops except fodder crops. Regional and income group aggregates for the FAO's production indexes are calculated from the underlying values in international dollars, normalized to the base period 2014-2016.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.LND.CREL.HA","Land under cereal production (hectares)","Land under cereal production refers to harvested area, although some countries report only sown or cultivated area. Cereals include wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"IQ.SPI.PIL1","Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Pillar 1 data use score (scale 0-100)","The data use overall score is a composite score measuring the demand side of the statistical system.  The data use  pillar is segmented by five types of users: (i) the legislature, (ii) the executive branch, (iii) civil society (including sub-national actors), (iv) academia and (v) international bodies.  Each dimension would have associated indicators to measure performance. A mature system would score well across all dimensions whereas a less mature one would have weaker scores along certain dimensions. The gaps would give insights into prioritization among user groups and help answer questions as to why the existing services are not resulting in higher use of national statistics in a particular segment.  Currently, the SPI only features indicators for one of the five dimensions of data use, which is data use by international organizations. Indicators on whether statistical systems are providing useful data to their national governments (legislature and executive branches), to civil society, and to academia are absent.  Thus the dashboard does not yet assess if national statistical systems are meeting the data needs of a large swathe of users.","Statistical Performance Indicators, The World Bank (https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/statistical-performance-indicators)",
"IQ.CPA.MACR.XQ","CPIA macroeconomic management rating (1=low to 6=high)","Macroeconomic management assesses the monetary, exchange rate, and aggregate demand policy framework.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IP.PAT.RESD","Patent applications, residents","Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years.","World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), WIPO Patent Report: Statistics on Worldwide Patent Activity. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.",
"IC.TAX.PRFT.CP.ZS","Profit tax (% of commercial profits)","Profit tax is the amount of taxes on profits paid by the business.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.PRP.PROC","Procedures to register property (number)","Number of procedures to register property is the number of procedures required for a businesses to secure rights to property.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.FREG.ZS","Firms formally registered when operations started (% of firms)","Firms formally registered when operations started are the percentage of firms formally registered when they started operations in the country.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.ELC.OUTG","Power outages in firms in a typical month (number)","Power outages are the average number of power outages that establishments experience in a typical month.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"HD.HCI.OVRL.LB.FE","Human Capital Index (HCI), Female, Lower Bound (scale 0-1)","The HCI lower bound reflects uncertainty in the measurement of the components and the overall index. It is obtained by recalculating the HCI using estimates of the lower bounds of each of the components of the HCI. The range between the upper and lower bound is the uncertainty interval. While the uncertainty intervals constructed here do not have a rigorous statistical interpretation, a rule of thumb is that if for two countries they overlap substantially, the differences between their HCI values are not likely to be practically meaningful.","World Bank staff calculations based on the methodology described in World Bank (2018). https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30498",
"GC.XPN.COMP.ZS","Compensation of employees (% of expense)","Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.EXPT.ZS","Taxes on exports (% of tax revenue)","Taxes on exports are all levies on goods being transported out of the country or services being delivered to nonresidents by residents. Rebates on exported goods that are repayments of previously paid general consumption taxes, excise taxes, or import duties are deducted from the gross amounts receivable from these taxes, not from amounts receivable from export taxes.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.AST.TOTL.GD.ZS","Net acquisition of financial assets (% of GDP)","Net acquisition of government financial assets includes domestic and foreign financial claims, SDRs, and gold bullion held by monetary authorities as a reserve asset. The net acquisition of financial assets should be offset by the net incurrence of liabilities.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FR.INR.RISK","Risk premium on lending (lending rate minus treasury bill rate, %)","Risk premium on lending is the interest rate charged by banks on loans to private sector customers minus the ""risk free"" treasury bill interest rate at which short-term government securities are issued or traded in the market. In some countries this spread may be negative, indicating that the market considers its best corporate clients to be lower risk than the government. The terms and conditions attached to lending rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics database.",
"FM.AST.DOMO.ZG.M3","Claims on other sectors of the domestic economy (annual growth as % of broad money)","Claims on other sectors of the domestic economy (IFS line 32S..ZK) include gross credit from the financial system to households, nonprofit institutions serving households, nonfinancial corporations, state and local governments, and social security funds.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"ER.LND.PTLD.ZS","Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)","Terrestrial protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated by national authorities as scientific reserves with limited public access, national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves or wildlife sanctuaries, protected landscapes, and areas managed mainly for sustainable use. Marine areas, unclassified areas, littoral (intertidal) areas, and sites protected under local or provincial law are excluded.","World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) where the compilation and management is carried out by United Nations Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) in collaboration with governments, non-governmental organizations, academia and industry. The data is available online through the Protected Planet website (https://www.protectedplanet.net/).",
"EN.URB.MCTY","Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million","Population in urban agglomerations of more than one million is the country's population living in metropolitan areas that in 2018 had a population of more than one million people.","United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.",
"EN.CLC.MDAT.ZS","Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009)","Droughts, floods and extreme temperatures is the annual average percentage of the population that is affected by natural disasters classified as either droughts, floods, or extreme temperature events. A drought is an extended period of time characterized by a deficiency in a region's water supply that is the result of constantly below average precipitation. A drought can lead to losses to agriculture, affect inland navigation and hydropower plants, and cause a lack of drinking water and famine. A flood is a significant rise of water level in a stream, lake, reservoir or coastal region. Extreme temperature events are either cold waves or heat waves. A cold wave can be both a prolonged period of excessively cold weather and the sudden invasion of very cold air over a large area. Along with frost it can cause damage to agriculture, infrastructure, and property. A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot and sometimes also humid weather relative to normal climate patterns of a certain region. Population affected is the number of people injured, left homeless or requiring immediate assistance during a period of emergency resulting from a natural disaster; it can also include displaced or evacuated people. Average percentage of population affected is calculated by dividing the sum of total affected for the period stated by the sum of the annual population figures for the period stated.","EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database: www.emdat.be, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels (Belgium), World Bank.",
"EN.ATM.NOXE.AG.KT.CE","Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)","Agricultural nitrous oxide emissions are emissions produced through fertilizer use (synthetic and animal manure), animal waste management, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savanna burning.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.PC","CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita)","Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions. See SP.POP.TOTL for the denominator's source.",
"EG.GDP.PUSE.KO.PP","GDP per unit of energy use (PPP $ per kg of oil equivalent)","GDP per unit of energy use is the PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to current international dollars using purchasing power parity rates based on the 2017 ICP round. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as a U.S. dollar has in the United States.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EG.CFT.ACCS.ZS","Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population)","Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking is the proportion of total population primarily using clean cooking fuels and technologies for cooking. Under WHO guidelines, kerosene is excluded from clean cooking fuels.","World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from WHO Global Household Energy database.",
"DT.ODA.ODAT.GI.ZS","Net ODA received (% of gross capital formation)","Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. World Bank gross capital formation estimates are used for the denominator.",
"DT.NFL.UNDP.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNDP (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.MLAT.CD","Net financial flows, multilateral (NFL, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed multilateral loans include loans and credits from the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral and intergovernmental agencies. Excluded are loans from funds administered by an international organization on behalf of a single donor government; these are classified as loans from governments. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.MIDA.CD","PPG, IDA (DOD, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed debt outstanding from the International Development Association (IDA) is concessional. Concessional debt is defined as loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. The grant element of a loan is the grant equivalent expressed as a percentage of the amount committed. It is used as a measure of the overall cost of borrowing. The grant equivalent of a loan is its commitment (present) value, less the discounted present value of its contractual debt service; conventionally, future service payments are discounted at 5 percent. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.ODA.TLDC.CD","Net ODA provided, to the least developed countries (current US$)","Net Official development assistance (ODA) comprises grants or loans to developing countries and territories on the OECD/DAC list of aid recipients that are undertaken by the official sector with promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective and at concessional financial terms. The list of least developed countries (LDCs) has been agreed by the General Assembly, on the recommendation of the Committee for Development Policy, Economic and Social Council.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.",
"DC.DAC.IRLL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Ireland (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"CM.MKT.TRNR","Stocks traded, turnover ratio of domestic shares (%)","Turnover ratio is the value of domestic shares traded divided by their market capitalization. The value is annualized by multiplying the monthly average by 12.","World Federation of Exchanges database.",
"BX.GSR.TOTL.CD","Exports of goods, services and primary income (BoP, current US$)","Exports of goods, services and primary income is the sum of goods exports, service exports and primary income receipts. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BN.KLT.DINV.CD","Foreign direct investment, net (BoP, current US$)","Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows total net FDI. In BPM6, financial account balances are calculated as the change in assets minus the change in liabilities. Net FDI outflows are assets and net FDI inflows are liabilities. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.GSR.NFSV.CD","Service imports (BoP, current US$)","Services refer to economic output of intangible commodities that may be produced, transferred, and consumed at the same time. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.LND.TOTL.K2","Land area (sq. km)","Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.LND.AGRI.K2","Agricultural land (sq. km)","Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"TX.VAL.TECH.MF.ZS","High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports)","High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery.","United Nations, Comtrade database through the WITS platform.",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.CD.WT","Merchandise exports (current US$)","Merchandise exports show the f.o.b. value of goods provided to the rest of the world valued in current U.S. dollars.","World Trade Organization.",
"TM.VAL.OTHR.ZS.WT","Computer, communications and other services (% of commercial service imports)","Computer, communications and other services (% of commercial service imports) include such activities as international telecommunications, and postal and courier services; computer data; news-related service transactions between residents and nonresidents; construction services; royalties and license fees; miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services; and personal, cultural, and recreational services.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"TM.VAL.MANF.ZS.UN","Manufactures imports (% of merchandise imports)","Manufactures comprise the commodities in SITC sections 5 (chemicals), 6 (basic manufactures), 7 (machinery and transport equipment), and 8 (miscellaneous manufactured goods), excluding division 68 (nonferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.",
"TM.TAX.MRCH.WM.AR.ZS","Tariff rate, applied, weighted mean, all products (%)","Weighted mean applied tariff is the average of effectively applied rates weighted by the product import shares corresponding to each partner country. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups and import weights. To the extent possible, specific rates have been converted to their ad valorem equivalent rates and have been included in the calculation of weighted mean tariffs. Import weights were calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. Effectively applied tariff rates at the six- and eight-digit product level are averaged for products in each commodity group. When the effectively applied rate is unavailable, the most favored nation rate is used instead.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"TG.VAL.TOTL.GD.ZS","Merchandise trade (% of GDP)","Merchandise trade as a share of GDP is the sum of merchandise exports and imports divided by the value of GDP, all in current U.S. dollars.","World Trade Organization, and World Bank GDP estimates.",
"SP.RUR.TOTL.ZG","Rural population growth (annual %)","Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population.","World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.",
"SP.POP.DPND.YG","Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population)","Age dependency ratio, young, is the ratio of younger dependents--people younger than 15--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.6569.MA.5Y","Population ages 65-69, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 65 to 69 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.2529.MA.5Y","Population ages 25-29, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 25 to 29 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS","Population ages 0-14 (% of total population)","Population between the ages 0 to 14 as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.LE00.MA.IN","Life expectancy at birth, male (years)","Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.","(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.",
"SN.ITK.MSFI.ZS","Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population (%)","The percentage of people in the population who live in households classified as moderately or severely food insecure. A household is classified as moderately or severely food insecure when at least one adult in the household has reported to have been exposed, at times during the year, to low quality diets and might have been forced to also reduce the quantity of food they would normally eat because of a lack of money or other resources.","Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)",
"SL.UEM.NEET.ZS","Share of youth not in education, employment or training, total (% of youth population)","Share of youth not in education, employment or training (NEET) is the proportion of young people who are not in education, employment, or training to the population of the corresponding age group: youth (ages 15 to 24); persons ages 15 to 29; or both age groups.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.UEM.1524.FE.ZS","Unemployment, youth female (% of female labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)","Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.CACT.FE.ZS","Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ACTI.1524.FE.NE.ZS","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (national estimate)","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.SRV.EMPL.ZS","Employment in services (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The services sector consists of wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social, and personal services, in accordance with divisions 6-9 (ISIC 2) or categories G-Q (ISIC 3) or categories G-U (ISIC 4).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.FAM.WORK.ZS","Contributing family workers, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Contributing family workers are those workers who hold ""self-employment jobs"" as own-account workers in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.FE.ZS","Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.AGR.EMPL.MA.ZS","Employment in agriculture, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SI.POV.MDIM.IT","Multidimensional poverty intensity (average share of deprivations experienced by the poor)","The average percentage of dimensions in which poor people are deprived","Government statistical agencies. Data for EU countires are from the EUROSTAT",
"SI.DST.04TH.20","Income share held by fourth 20%","Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.EHEX.CH.ZS","External health expenditure (% of current health expenditure)","Share of current health expenditures funded from external sources. External sources compose of direct foreign transfers and foreign transfers distributed by government encompassing all financial inflows into the national health system from outside the country. External sources either flow through the government scheme or are channeled through non-governmental organizations or other schemes.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.NOP1.TO","Number of people pushed below the $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure","Number of people pushed below the $1.90 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure. This indicator shows the number of people living in households experiencing impoverishing out-of-pocket health expenditures, defined as expenditures without which the household they live in would have been above the $1.90 poverty line, but because of the expenditures is below the poverty line.  Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2021. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021.",
"SH.STA.STNT.ZS","Prevalence of stunting, height for age (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of stunting is the percentage of children under age 5 whose height for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. For children up to two years old height is measured by recumbent length. For older children height is measured by stature while standing. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.ODFC.ZS","People practicing open defecation (% of population)","People practicing open defecation refers to the percentage of the population defecating in the open, such as in fields, forest, bushes, open bodies of water, on beaches, in other open spaces or disposed of with solid waste.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.STA.BASS.ZS","People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population)","The percentage of people using at least basic sanitation services, that is, improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households.  This indicator encompasses both people using basic sanitation services as well as those using safely managed sanitation services.   Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines; ventilated improved pit latrines, compositing toilets or pit latrines with slabs.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.MMR.RISK","Lifetime risk of maternal death (1 in: rate varies by country)","Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death.","WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group, and the United Nations Population Division. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 2000 to 2017. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2019",
"SH.HIV.INCD.YG","Young people (ages 15-24) newly infected with HIV","Number of young people (ages 15-24) newly infected with HIV.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.DYN.NMRT","Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births)","Neonatal mortality rate is the number of neonates dying before reaching 28 days of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SH.DTH.INJR.ZS","Cause of death, by injury (% of total)","Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Injuries include unintentional and intentional injuries.","Derived based on the data from Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2020. Link: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death",
"SG.VAW.REAS.ZS","Women who believe a husband is justified in beating his wife (any of five reasons) (%)","Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner for any of the following five reasons: argues with him; refuses to have sex; burns the food; goes out without telling him; or when she neglects the children.","Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), and other surveys",
"SE.XPD.SECO.ZS","Expenditure on secondary education (% of government expenditure on education)","Expenditure on secondary education is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on education. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.MS.ZS","Educational attainment, at least Master's or equivalent, population 25+, total (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Master's or equivalent.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCAQ.UP.ZS","Trained teachers in upper secondary education (% of total teachers)","Trained teachers in upper secondary education are the percentage of upper secondary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.ENRR.FE","School enrollment, secondary, female (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.CUAT.PO.MA.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed post-secondary, population 25+, male (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed post-secondary non-tertiary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.TENR.FE","Adjusted net enrollment rate, primary, female (% of primary school age children)","Adjusted net enrollment is the number of pupils of the school-age group for primary education, enrolled either in primary or secondary education, expressed as a percentage of the total population in that age group.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.PRIV.ZS","School enrollment, primary, private (% of total primary)","Private enrollment refers to pupils or students enrolled in institutions that are not operated by a public authority but controlled and managed, whether for profit or not, by a private body such as a nongovernmental organization, religious body, special interest group, foundation or business enterprise.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.ENRL.TC.ZS","Pupil-teacher ratio, primary","Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the average number of pupils per teacher in primary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRE.ENRR","School enrollment, preprimary (% gross)","Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Preprimary education refers to programs at the initial stage of organized instruction, designed primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment and to provide a bridge between home and school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_si_allsi.cov_q5_tot","Coverage of social insurance programs in richest quintile (% of population)","Coverage of social insurance programs shows the percentage of population participating in programs that provide old age contributory pensions (including survivors and disability) and social security and health insurance benefits (including occupational injury benefits, paid sick leave, maternity and other social insurance). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_lm_alllm.cov_q5_tot","Coverage of unemployment benefits and ALMP in richest quintile (% of population)","Coverage of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) shows the percentage of population participating in unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.TTF.GNFS.KN","Terms of trade adjustment (constant LCU)","The terms of trade effect equals capacity to import less exports of goods and services in constant prices. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.PCAP.KN","GNI per capita (constant LCU)","GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDS.TOTL.CN","Gross domestic savings (current LCU)","Gross domestic savings are calculated as GDP less final consumption expenditure (total consumption). Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.MKTP.KD","GDP (constant 2015 US$)","GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using 2015 official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.COAL.RT.ZS","Coal rents (% of GDP)","Coal rents are the difference between the value of both hard and soft coal production at world prices and their total costs of production.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of Nations.",
"NY.ADJ.DPEM.GN.ZS","Adjusted savings: particulate emission damage (% of GNI)","Particulate emissions damage is the damage due to exposure of a country's population to ambient concentrations of particulates measuring less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5), ambient ozone pollution, and indoor concentrations of PM2.5 in households cooking with solid fuels. Damages are calculated as foregone labor income due to premature death. Estimates of health impacts from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 are for 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2013. Data for other years have been extrapolated from trends in mortality rates.","Data on health impacts from exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution and household air pollution are from the Global Burden of Disease 2013 study. Data are provided by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington.",
"NV.SRV.TOTL.KD.ZG","Services, value added (annual % growth)","Annual growth rate for value added in services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Services correspond to ISIC divisions 45-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.IND.TOTL.CD","Industry (including construction), value added (current US$)","Industry (including construction) corresponds to ISIC divisions 05-43 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 10-33). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.AGR.EMPL.KD","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)","Value added per worker is a measure of labor productivity—value added per unit of input. Value added denotes the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. Data are in constant 2015 U.S. dollars. Agriculture corresponds to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) tabulation categories A and B (revision 3) or tabulation category A (revision 4), and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production.","Derived using World Bank national accounts data and OECD National Accounts data files, and employment data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database.",
"NE.GDI.TOTL.CN","Gross capital formation (current LCU)","Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and ""work in progress."" According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.EXP.GNFS.KD","Exports of goods and services (constant 2015 US$)","Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.PP.KD","Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure, PPP (constant 2017 international $)","Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are converted to constant 2017 international dollars using purchasing power parity rates.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"MS.MIL.XPRT.KD","Arms exports (SIPRI trend indicator values)","Arms transfers cover the supply of military weapons through sales, aid, gifts, and those made through manufacturing licenses. Data cover major conventional weapons such as aircraft, armored vehicles, artillery, radar systems, missiles, and ships designed for military use. Excluded are transfers of other military equipment such as small arms and light weapons, trucks, small artillery, ammunition, support equipment, technology transfers, and other services. Figures are SIPRI Trend Indicator Values (TIVs) expressed in US$ m.  A '0' indicates that the value of deliveries is less than US$0.5m","Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Arms Transfers Programme (http://portal.sipri.org/publications/pages/transfer/splash).",
"LP.EXP.DURS.MD","Lead time to export, median case (days)","Lead time to export is the median time (the value for 50 percent of shipments) from shipment point to port of loading. Data are from the Logistics Performance Index survey. Respondents provided separate values for the best case (10 percent of shipments) and the median case (50 percent of shipments). The data are exponentiated averages of the logarithm of single value responses and of midpoint values of range responses for the median case.","World Bank and Turku School of Economics, Logistic Performance Index Surveys. Data are available online at: https://lpi.worldbank.org/. Summary results are published in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy, The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators report.",
"TX.VAL.OTHR.ZS.WT","Computer, communications and other services (% of commercial service exports)","Computer, communications and other services (% of commercial service exports) include such activities as international telecommunications, and postal and courier services; computer data; news-related service transactions between residents and nonresidents; construction services; royalties and license fees; miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services; and personal, cultural, and recreational services.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"TX.VAL.MANF.ZS.UN","Manufactures exports (% of merchandise exports)","Manufactures comprise commodities in SITC sections 5 (chemicals), 6 (basic manufactures), 7 (machinery and transport equipment), and 8 (miscellaneous manufactured goods), excluding division 68 (non-ferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.WL.CD","Merchandise imports by the reporting economy (current US$)","Merchandise imports by the reporting economy are the total merchandise imports by the reporting economy from the rest of the world, as reported in the IMF's Direction of trade database. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.VAL.FUEL.ZS.UN","Fuel imports (% of merchandise imports)","Fuels comprise the commodities in SITC section 3 (mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials).","World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.",
"TM.TAX.MRCH.SM.AR.ZS","Tariff rate, applied, simple mean, all products (%)","Simple mean applied tariff is the unweighted average of effectively applied rates for all products subject to tariffs calculated for all traded goods. Data are classified using the Harmonized System of trade at the six- or eight-digit level. Tariff line data were matched to Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) revision 3 codes to define commodity groups. Effectively applied tariff rates at the six- and eight-digit product level are averaged for products in each commodity group. When the effectively applied rate is unavailable, the most favored nation rate is used instead. To the extent possible, specific rates have been converted to their ad valorem equivalent rates and have been included in the calculation of simple mean tariffs.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database and the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Integrated Data Base (IDB) and Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database.",
"ST.INT.TVLX.CD","International tourism, expenditures for travel items (current US$)","International tourism expenditures are expenditures of international outbound visitors in other countries. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These may include expenditures by residents traveling abroad as same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.",
"SP.REG.BRTH.ZS","Completeness of birth registration (%)","Completeness of birth registration is the percentage of children under age 5 whose births were registered at the time of the survey. The numerator of completeness of birth registration includes children whose birth certificate was seen by the interviewer or whose mother or caretaker says the birth has been registered.","UNICEF's State of the World's Children based mostly on household surveys and ministry of health data.",
"SP.POP.BRTH.MF","Sex ratio at birth (male births per female births)","Sex ratio at birth refers to male births per female births. The data are 5 year averages.","United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.6064.FE.5Y","Population ages 60-64, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 60 to 64 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.2024.FE.5Y","Population ages 20-24, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 20 to 24 as a percentage of the total female population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.0014.MA.IN","Population ages 0-14, male","Male population between the ages 0 to 14. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Bank's total population and age/sex distributions of the United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.IMRT.MA.IN","Mortality rate, infant, male (per 1,000 live births)","Infant mortality rate, male is the number of male infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 male live births in a given year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SM.POP.TOTL","International migrant stock, total","International migrant stock is the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live. It also includes refugees. The data used to estimate the international migrant stock at a particular time are obtained mainly from population censuses. The estimates are derived from the data on foreign-born population--people who have residence in one country but were born in another country. When data on the foreign-born population are not available, data on foreign population--that is, people who are citizens of a country other than the country in which they reside--are used as estimates. After the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 people living in one of the newly independent countries who were born in another were classified as international migrants. Estimates of migrant stock in the newly independent states from 1990 on are based on the 1989 census of the Soviet Union. For countries with information on the international migrant stock for at least two points in time, interpolation or extrapolation was used to estimate the international migrant stock on July 1 of the reference years. For countries with only one observation, estimates for the reference years were derived using rates of change in the migrant stock in the years preceding or following the single observation available. A model was used to estimate migrants for countries that had no data.","United Nations Population Division, Trends in Total Migrant Stock: 2012 Revision.",
"SL.UEM.INTM.ZS","Unemployment with intermediate education (% of total labor force with intermediate education)","The percentage of the labor force with an intermediate level of education who are unemployed. Intermediate education comprises upper secondary or post-secondary non tertiary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.TOTL.FE.ZS","Labor force, female (% of total labor force)","Female labor force as a percentage of the total show the extent to which women are active in the labor force. Labor force comprises people ages 15 and older who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","Derived using data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. The data was retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.BASC.MA.ZS","Labor force with basic education, male (% of male working-age population with basic education)","The ratio of the labor force with basic education to the working-age population with basic education. Basic education comprises primary education or lower secondary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.WK.TM","Average working hours of children, working only, ages 7-14 (hours per week)","Average working hours of children working only refers to the average weekly working hours of those children who are involved in economic activity and not attending school.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.SRV.0714.ZS","Child employment in services (% of economically active children ages 7-14)","Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2), categories G-P (ISIC revision 3), or categories G-U (ISIC revision 4). Services include wholesale and retail trade, hotels and restaurants, transport, financial intermediation, real estate, public administration, education, health and social work, other community services, and private household activity. Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.FAM.0714.ZS","Children in employment, unpaid family workers (% of children in employment, ages 7-14)","Unpaid family workers are people who work without pay in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.EMP.SELF.ZS","Self-employed, total (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a ""self-employment jobs."" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced. Self-employed workers include four sub-categories of employers, own-account workers, members of producers' cooperatives, and contributing family workers.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.AGR.0714.MA.ZS","Child employment in agriculture, male (% of male economically active children ages 7-14)","Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2), categories A and B (ISIC revision 3), or category A (ISIC revision 4) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing. Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SI.POV.MDIM.17.XQ","Multidimensional poverty index, children (population ages 0-17) (scale 0-1)","Proportion of the child population that is multidimensionally poor adjusted by the intensity of the deprivations","Government statistical agencies. Data for EU countires are from the EUROSTAT",
"SH.XPD.PVTD.PP.CD","Domestic private health expenditure per capita, PPP (current international $)","Current private expenditures on health per capita expressed in international dollars at purchasing power parity.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS","Current health expenditure (% of GDP)","Level of current health expenditure expressed as a percentage of GDP.  Estimates of current health expenditures include healthcare goods and services consumed during each year. This indicator does not include capital health expenditures such as buildings, machinery, IT and stocks of vaccines for emergency or outbreaks.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.TBS.DTEC.ZS","Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms)","Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the number of new and relapse tuberculosis cases notified to WHO in a given year, divided by WHO's estimate of the number of incident tuberculosis cases for the same year, expressed as a percentage. Estimates for all years are recalculated as new information becomes available and techniques are refined, so they may differ from those published previously.","World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report.",
"SH.STA.STNT.FE.ZS","Prevalence of stunting, height for age, female (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of stunting, female, is the percentage of girls under age 5 whose height for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. For children up to two years old height is measured by recumbent length. For older children height is measured by stature while standing. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.MMRT.NE","Maternal mortality ratio (national estimate, per 100,000 live births)","Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die from pregnancy-related causes while pregnant or within 42 days of pregnancy termination per 100,000 live births.","The country data compiled, adjusted and used in the estimation model by the Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (MMEIG). The country data were compiled from the following sources:  civil registration and vital statistics; specialized studies on maternal mortality; population based surveys and censuses; other available data sources including data from surveillance sites.",
"SH.STA.ARIC.ZS","ARI treatment (% of children under 5 taken to a health provider)","Children with acute respiratory infection (ARI) who are taken to a health provider refers to the percentage of children under age five with ARI in the last two weeks who were taken to an appropriate health provider, including hospital, health center, dispensary, village health worker, clinic, and private physician.","UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SH.MLR.NETS.ZS","Use of insecticide-treated bed nets (% of under-5 population)","Use of insecticide-treated bed nets refers to the percentage of children under age five who slept under an insecticide-treated bednet to prevent malaria.","UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SH.HIV.INCD.14","Children (ages 0-14) newly infected with HIV","Number of children (ages 0-14) newly infected with HIV.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.DYN.NCOM.FE.ZS","Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70, female (%)","Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD is the percent of 30-year-old-people who would die before their 70th birthday from any of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes,  or chronic respiratory disease, assuming that s/he would experience current mortality rates at every age and s/he would not die from any other cause of death (e.g., injuries or HIV/AIDS).","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.DTH.2024","Number of deaths ages 20-24 years","Number of deaths of youths ages 20-24 years","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SG.VAW.BURN.ZS","Women who believe a husband is justified in beating his wife when she burns the food (%)","Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner when she burns the food.","Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), and other surveys",
"SE.XPD.PRIM.PC.ZS","Government expenditure per student, primary (% of GDP per capita)","Government expenditure per student is the average general government expenditure (current, capital, and transfers) per student in the given level of education, expressed as a percentage of GDP per capita.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.DO.ZS","Educational attainment, Doctoral or equivalent, population 25+, total (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Doctoral or equivalent.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCAQ.MA.ZS","Trained teachers in secondary education, male (% of male teachers)","Trained teachers in secondary education are the percentage of secondary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.ENRL.VO","Secondary education, vocational pupils","Secondary vocational pupils are the number of secondary students enrolled in technical and vocational education programs, including teacher training.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.CUAT.LO.MA.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed lower secondary, population 25+, male (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed lower secondary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.TCHR","Primary education, teachers","Primary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.OENR.FE.ZS","Over-age students, primary, female (% of female enrollment)","Over-age students are the percentage of those enrolled who are older than the official school-age range for primary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.DURS","Primary education, duration (years)","Primary duration refers to the number of grades (years) in primary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ENR.TERT.FM.ZS","School enrollment, tertiary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)","Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in tertiary education is the ratio of women to men enrolled at tertiary level in public and private schools.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_si_allsi.cov_q2_tot","Coverage of social insurance programs in 2nd quintile (% of population)","Coverage of social insurance programs shows the percentage of population participating in programs that provide old age contributory pensions (including survivors and disability) and social security and health insurance benefits (including occupational injury benefits, paid sick leave, maternity and other social insurance). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_lm_alllm.cov_q2_tot","Coverage of unemployment benefits and ALMP in 2nd quintile (% of population)","Coverage of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) shows the percentage of population participating in unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.TRF.NCTR.CD","Net secondary income (Net current transfers from abroad) (current US$)","Net secondary income (from abroad) comprises transfers of income between residents of the reporting country and the rest of the world that carry no provisions for repayment. Net secondary income is equal to the unrequited transfers of income from nonresidents to residents minus the unrequited transfers from residents to nonresidents. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.PCAP.CN","GNI per capita (current LCU)","GNI per capita is gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.PETR.RT.ZS","Oil rents (% of GDP)","Oil rents are the difference between the value of crude oil production at regional prices and total costs of production.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of Nations.",
"NY.GDP.MKTP.CD","GDP (current US$)","GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.ADJ.SVNX.CD","Adjusted net savings, excluding particulate emission damage (current US$)","Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide. This series excludes particulate emissions damage.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.DNGY.CD","Adjusted savings: energy depletion (current US$)","Energy depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of energy resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers coal, crude oil, and natural gas.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NV.SRV.TOTL.CD","Services, value added (current US$)","Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges and import duties. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.IND.MANF.KD.ZG","Manufacturing, value added (annual % growth)","Annual growth rate for manufacturing value added based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 10-33. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.RSB.GNFS.KN","External balance on goods and services (constant LCU)","External balance on goods and services (formerly resource balance) equals exports of goods and services minus imports of goods and services (previously nonfactor services). Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.STKB.CN","Changes in inventories (current LCU)","Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and ""work in progress."" Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.DAB.TOTL.ZS","Gross national expenditure (% of GDP)","Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment).","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.PC.KD","Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2015 US$)","Household final consumption expenditure per capita (private consumption per capita) is calculated using private consumption in constant 2015 prices and World Bank population estimates. Household final consumption expenditure is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant 2015 U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"MS.MIL.XPND.CN","Military expenditure (current LCU)","Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another.)","Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Yearbook: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security.",
"IT.NET.SECR","Secure Internet servers","The number of distinct, publicly-trusted TLS/SSL certificates found in the Netcraft Secure Server Survey.","Netcraft (http://www.netcraft.com/)",
"IQ.SPI.PIL5","Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Pillar 5 data infrastructure score (scale 0-100)","The data infrastructure  pillar  overall score measures the hard and soft infrastructure segments, itemizing essential cross cutting requirements for an effective statistical system.  The segments are: (i) legislation and governance covering the existence of laws and a functioning institutional framework for the statistical system; (ii) standards and methods addressing compliance with recognized frameworks and concepts; (iii) skills including level of skills within the statistical system and among users (statistical literacy); (iv) partnerships reflecting the need for the statistical system to be inclusive and coherent; and (v) finance mobilized both domestically and from donors.","Statistical Performance Indicators, The World Bank (https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/statistical-performance-indicators)",
"IQ.CPA.PROT.XQ","CPIA social protection rating (1=low to 6=high)","Social protection and labor assess government policies in social protection and labor market regulations that reduce the risk of becoming poor, assist those who are poor to better manage further risks, and ensure a minimal level of welfare to all people.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IP.TMK.RSCT","Trademark applications, resident, by count","Trademark applications filed are applications to register a trademark with a national or regional Intellectual Property (IP) offices and designations received by relevant offices through the Madrid System. A trademark is a distinctive sign which identifies certain goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. A trademark provides protection to the owner of the mark by ensuring the exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services, or to authorize another to use it in return for payment. The period of protection varies, but a trademark can be renewed indefinitely beyond the time limit on payment of additional fees. Resident application refers to an application filed with the IP office of or acting on behalf of the state or jurisdiction in which the first-named applicant in the application has residence. Class count is used to render application data for trademark applications across offices comparable, as some offices follow a single-class/single-design filing system while other have a multiple class/design filing system.","World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Statistics Database at www.wipo.int/ipstats/. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.",
"IE.PPI.ENGY.CD","Investment in energy with private participation (current US$)","Investment in energy projects with private participation  refers to commitments to  infrastructure projects in energy (electricity and natural gas: generation, transmission and distribution) that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets and small projects such as windmills are excluded. The types of projects included are management and lease contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data is presented based on investment year. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).",
"IC.REG.DURS","Time required to start a business (days)","Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.RSDV.ZS","Firms that spend on R&D (% of firms)","Percent of firms that spend on research and development.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.EXP.CSDC.CD","Cost to export, documentary compliance (US$)","Documentary compliance captures the time and cost associated with compliance with the documentary requirements of all government agencies of the origin economy, the destination economy and any transit economies. The aim is to measure the total burden of preparing the bundle of documents that will enable completion of the international trade for the product and partner pair assumed in the case study.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"HD.HCI.OVRL.UB.FE","Human Capital Index (HCI), Female, Upper Bound (scale 0-1)","The HCI upper bound reflects uncertainty in the measurement of the components and the overall index. It is obtained by recalculating the HCI using estimates of the upper bounds of each of the components of the HCI. The range between the upper and lower bound is the uncertainty interval. While the uncertainty intervals constructed here do not have a rigorous statistical interpretation, a rule of thumb is that if for two countries they overlap substantially, the differences between their HCI values are not likely to be practically meaningful.","World Bank staff calculations based on the methodology described in World Bank (2018). https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30498",
"GC.XPN.INTP.RV.ZS","Interest payments (% of revenue)","Interest payments include interest payments on government debt--including long-term bonds, long-term loans, and other debt instruments--to domestic and foreign residents.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.IMPT.CN","Customs and other import duties (current LCU)","Customs and other import duties are all levies collected on goods that are entering the country or services delivered by nonresidents to residents. They include levies imposed for revenue or protection purposes and determined on a specific or ad valorem basis as long as they are restricted to imported goods or services.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.LBL.TOTL.GD.ZS","Net incurrence of liabilities, total (% of GDP)","Net incurrence of government liabilities includes foreign financing (obtained from nonresidents) and domestic financing (obtained from residents), or the means by which a government provides financial resources to cover a budget deficit or allocates financial resources arising from a budget surplus. The net incurrence of liabilities should be offset by the net acquisition of financial assets.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FS.AST.PRVT.GD.ZS","Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP)","Domestic credit to private sector refers to financial resources provided to the private sector by financial corporations, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises. The financial corporations include monetary authorities and deposit money banks, as well as other financial corporations where data are available (including corporations that do not accept transferable deposits but do incur such liabilities as time and savings deposits). Examples of other financial corporations are finance and leasing companies, money lenders, insurance corporations, pension funds, and foreign exchange companies.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"FM.AST.PRVT.ZG.M3","Claims on private sector (annual growth as % of broad money)","Claims on private sector (IFS line 32D..ZK or 32D..ZF) include gross credit from the financial system to individuals, enterprises, nonfinancial public entities not included under net domestic credit, and financial institutions not included elsewhere.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"FB.ATM.TOTL.P5","Automated teller machines (ATMs) (per 100,000 adults)","Automated teller machines are computerized telecommunications devices that provide clients of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a public place.","International Monetary Fund, Financial Access Survey.",
"ER.FSH.AQUA.MT","Aquaculture production (metric tons)","Aquaculture is understood to mean the farming of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic plants. Aquaculture production specifically refers to output from aquaculture activities, which are designated for final harvest for consumption.","Food and Agriculture Organization.",
"EN.CO2.OTHX.ZS","CO2 emissions from other sectors, excluding residential buildings and commercial and public services (% of total fuel combustion)","CO2 emissions from other sectors, less residential buildings and commercial and public services, contains the emissions from commercial/institutional activities, residential, agriculture/forestry, fishing and other emissions not specified elsewhere that are included in the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 4 and 1 A 5. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, the category also includes emissions from autoproducers in the commercial/residential/agricultural sectors that generate electricity and/or heat. The IEA data are not collected in a way that allows the energy consumption to be split by specific end-use and therefore, autoproducers are shown as a separate item (Unallocated Autoproducers).","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EN.ATM.NOXE.KT.CE","Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)","Nitrous oxide emissions are emissions from agricultural biomass burning, industrial activities, and livestock management.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.SF.ZS","CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total)","Carbon dioxide emissions from solid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of coal as an energy source.","Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.",
"EG.USE.COMM.FO.ZS","Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total)","Fossil fuel comprises coal, oil, petroleum, and natural gas products.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS","Access to electricity (% of population)","Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources.","World Bank Global Electrification Database from ""Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report"" led jointly by the custodian agencies: the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the World Bank and the World Health Organization (WHO).",
"DT.ODA.ODAT.PC.ZS","Net ODA received per capita (current US$)","Net official development assistance (ODA) per capita consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients; and is calculated by dividing net ODA received by the midyear population estimate. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline. World Bank population estimates are used for the denominator.",
"DT.NFL.UNID.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNIDIR (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.PBND.CD","PPG, bonds (NFL, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed debt from bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.PVLX.GN.ZS","Present value of external debt (% of GNI)","Present value of debt is the sum of short-term external debt plus the discounted sum of total debt service payments due on public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term external debt over the life of existing loans. This calculation assumes that the PV of loans with a negative grant element is equal to the nominal value of the loan. The GNI denominator is a three-year average.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.ODA.TOTL.KD","Net ODA provided, total (constant 2015 US$)","Net Official development assistance (ODA) comprises grants or loans to developing countries and territories on the OECD/DAC list of aid recipients that are undertaken by the official sector with promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective and at concessional financial terms. Data are in constant 2015 U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.",
"DC.DAC.KORL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Korea, Rep. (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.CANL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Canada (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS","Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)","Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and Balance of Payments databases, World Bank, International Debt Statistics, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"BN.TRF.KOGT.CD","Net capital account (BoP, current US$)","Net capital account records acquisitions and disposals of nonproduced nonfinancial assets, such as land sold to embassies and sales of leases and licenses, as well as capital transfers, including government debt forgiveness. The use of the term capital account in this context is designed to be consistent with the System of National Accounts, which distinguishes between capital transactions and financial transactions. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.GSR.TRVL.ZS","Travel services (% of service imports, BoP)","Travel covers goods and services acquired from an economy by travelers for their own use during visits of less than one year in that economy for either business or personal purposes. Travel includes local transport (i.e., transport within the economy being visited and provided by a resident of that economy), but excludes international transport (which is included in passenger transport. Travel also excludes goods for resale, which are included in general merchandise.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.PRD.CREL.MT","Cereal production (metric tons)","Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.LND.ARBL.ZS","Arable land (% of land area)","Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"IS.AIR.GOOD.MT.K1","Air transport, freight (million ton-km)","Air freight is the volume of freight, express, and diplomatic bags carried on each flight stage (operation of an aircraft from takeoff to its next landing), measured in metric tons times kilometers traveled.","International Civil Aviation Organization, Civil Aviation Statistics of the World and ICAO staff estimates.",
"IQ.CPA.REVN.XQ","CPIA efficiency of revenue mobilization rating (1=low to 6=high)","Efficiency of revenue mobilization assesses the overall pattern of revenue mobilization--not only the de facto tax structure, but also revenue from all sources as actually collected.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IQ.CPA.BREG.XQ","CPIA business regulatory environment rating (1=low to 6=high)","Business regulatory environment assesses the extent to which the legal, regulatory, and policy environments help or hinder private businesses in investing, creating jobs, and becoming more productive.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IE.PPI.TRAN.CD","Investment in transport with private participation (current US$)","Investment  in transport projects with private participation refers to commitments to  infrastructure projects in transport that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets and small projects are excluded. The types of projects included are  management and lease contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure, greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility), and divestitures. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data is presented based on investment year. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).",
"IC.REG.DURS.MA","Time required to start a business, male (days)","Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.TRNG.ZS","Firms offering formal training (% of firms)","Firms offering formal training are the percentage of firms offering formal training programs for their permanent, full-time employees.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.EXP.TMDC","Time to export, documentary compliance (hours)","Documentary compliance captures the time and cost associated with compliance with the documentary requirements of all government agencies of the origin economy, the destination economy and any transit economies. The aim is to measure the total burden of preparing the bundle of documents that will enable completion of the international trade for the product and partner pair assumed in the case study.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.BUS.DFRN.XQ","Ease of doing business score (0 = lowest performance to 100 = best performance)","The ease of doing business scores benchmark economies with respect to regulatory best practice, showing the proximity to the best regulatory performance on each Doing Business indicator. An economy’s score is indicated on a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 represents the worst regulatory performance and 100 the best regulatory performance.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"GC.XPN.OTHR.CN","Other expense (current LCU)","Other expense is spending on dividends, rent, and other miscellaneous expenses, including provision for consumption of fixed capital.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.INTT.CN","Taxes on international trade (current LCU)","Taxes on international trade include import duties, export duties, profits of export or import monopolies, exchange profits, and exchange taxes.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.NFN.TOTL.GD.ZS","Net investment in nonfinancial assets (% of GDP)","Net investment in government nonfinancial assets includes fixed assets, inventories, valuables, and nonproduced assets. Nonfinancial assets are stores of value and provide benefits either through their use in the production of goods and services or in the form of property income and holding gains. Net investment in nonfinancial assets also includes consumption of fixed capital.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FX.OWN.TOTL.60.ZS","Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, richest 60% (% of population ages 15+)","Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (richest 60%, share of population ages 15+).","Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2018, Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.",
"FM.LBL.BMNY.GD.ZS","Broad money (% of GDP)","Broad money (IFS line 35L..ZK) is the sum of currency outside banks; demand deposits other than those of the central government; the time, savings, and foreign currency deposits of resident sectors other than the central government; bank and traveler’s checks; and other securities such as certificates of deposit and commercial paper.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"FB.CBK.BRCH.P5","Commercial bank branches (per 100,000 adults)","Commercial bank branches are retail locations of resident commercial banks and other resident banks that function as commercial banks that provide financial services to customers and are physically separated from the main office but not organized as legally separated subsidiaries.","International Monetary Fund, Financial Access Survey.",
"ER.FSH.PROD.MT","Total fisheries production (metric tons)","Total fisheries production measures the volume of aquatic species caught by a country for all commercial, industrial, recreational and subsistence purposes. The harvest from mariculture, aquaculture and other kinds of fish farming is also included.","Food and Agriculture Organization.",
"EN.FSH.THRD.NO","Fish species, threatened","Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.","Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. FishBase database, www.fishbase.org.",
"EN.ATM.PFCG.KT.CE","PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)","Perfluorocarbons, used as a replacement for chlorofluorocarbons in manufacturing semiconductors, are a byproduct of aluminum smelting and uranium enrichment.","European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/",
"EN.ATM.GHGO.ZG","Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990)","Other greenhouse gas emissions are by-product emissions of hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.","World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.",
"EG.USE.CRNW.ZS","Combustible renewables and waste (% of total energy)","Combustible renewables and waste comprise solid biomass, liquid biomass, biogas, industrial waste, and municipal waste, measured as a percentage of total energy use.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EG.ELC.FOSL.ZS","Electricity production from oil, gas and coal sources (% of total)","Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Oil refers to crude oil and petroleum products. Gas refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids. Coal refers to all coal and brown coal, both primary (including hard coal and lignite-brown coal) and derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke oven coke, gas coke, coke oven gas, and blast furnace gas). Peat is also included in this category.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"DT.TDS.DECT.CD","Debt service on external debt, total (TDS, current US$)","Total debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt, and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.UNRW.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNRWA (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.PCBO.CD","Commercial banks and other lending (PPG + PNG) (NFL, current US$)","Commercial bank and other lending includes net commercial bank lending (public and publicly guaranteed and private nonguaranteed) and other private credits. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.BOND.CD","Portfolio investment, bonds (PPG + PNG) (NFL, current US$)","Bonds are securities issued with a fixed rate of interest for a period of more than one year. They include net flows through cross-border public and publicly guaranteed and private nonguaranteed bond issues. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS","External debt stocks (% of GNI)","Total external debt stocks to gross national income. Total external debt is debt owed to nonresidents repayable in currency, goods, or services. Total external debt is the sum of public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term debt, use of IMF credit, and short-term debt. Short-term debt includes all debt having an original maturity of one year or less and interest in arrears on long-term debt. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.NLDL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Netherlands (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.CHEL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Switzerland (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"BX.TRF.CURR.CD","Secondary income receipts (BoP, current US$)","Secondary income refers to transfers recorded in the balance of payments whenever an economy provides or receives goods, services, income, or financial items without a quid pro quo. All transfers not considered to be capital are current. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BX.GRT.TECH.CD.WD","Technical cooperation grants (BoP, current US$)","Technical cooperation grants include free-standing technical cooperation grants, which are intended to finance the transfer of technical and managerial skills or of technology for the purpose of building up general national capacity without reference to any specific investment projects; and investment-related technical cooperation grants, which are provided to strengthen the capacity to execute specific investment projects. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics, and OECD.",
"BM.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS","Foreign direct investment, net outflows (% of GDP)","Foreign direct investment refers to direct investment equity flows in an economy. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, and other capital. Direct investment is a category of cross-border investment associated with a resident in one economy having control or a significant degree of influence on the management of an enterprise that is resident in another economy. Ownership of 10 percent or more of the ordinary shares of voting stock is the criterion for determining the existence of a direct investment relationship. This series shows net outflows of investment from the reporting economy to the rest of the world, and is divided by GDP.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, supplemented by data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and official national sources.",
"AG.PRD.FOOD.XD","Food production index (2014-2016 = 100)","Food production index covers food crops that are considered edible and that contain nutrients. Coffee and tea are excluded because, although edible, they have no nutritive value.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.LND.CROP.ZS","Permanent cropland (% of land area)","Permanent cropland is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"VC.IDP.NWCV","Internally displaced persons, new displacement associated with conflict and violence (number of cases)","Internally displaced persons are defined according to the 1998 Guiding Principles (http://www.internal-displacement.org/publications/1998/ocha-guiding-principles-on-internal-displacement) as people or groups of people who have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of armed conflict, or to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights, or natural or human-made disasters and who have not crossed an international border. ""New Displacement"" refers to the number of new cases or incidents of displacement recorded over the specified year, rather than the number of people displaced. This is done because people may have been displaced more than once.","The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (http://www.internal-displacement.org/)",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.R2.ZS","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise exports)","Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe and Central Asia are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to low- and middle-income economies in the Europe and Central Asia region according to World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TT.PRI.MRCH.XD.WD","Net barter terms of trade index (2000 = 100)","Net barter terms of trade index is calculated as the percentage ratio of the export unit value indexes to the import unit value indexes, measured relative to the base year 2000. Unit value indexes are based on data reported by countries that demonstrate consistency under UNCTAD quality controls, supplemented by UNCTAD's estimates using the previous year’s trade values at the Standard International Trade Classification three-digit level as weights. To improve data coverage, especially for the latest periods, UNCTAD constructs a set of average prices indexes at the three-digit product classification of the Standard International Trade Classification revision 3 using UNCTAD’s Commodity Price Statistics, interna­tional and national sources, and UNCTAD secretariat estimates and calculates unit value indexes at the country level using the current year's trade values as weights.","United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files, and International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.HI.ZS","Merchandise imports from high-income economies (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports from high-income economies are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from high-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.TAX.TCOM.IP.ZS","Share of tariff lines with international peaks, primary products (%)","Share of tariff lines with international peaks is the share of lines in the tariff schedule with tariff rates that exceed 15 percent. It provides an indication of how selectively tariffs are applied. Primary products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 0-4 plus division 68 (nonferrous metals).","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.",
"TM.TAX.MANF.IP.ZS","Share of tariff lines with international peaks, manufactured products (%)","Share of tariff lines with international peaks is the share of lines in the tariff schedule with tariff rates that exceed 15 percent. It provides an indication of how selectively tariffs are applied. Manufactured products are commodities classified in SITC revision 3 sections 5-8 excluding division 68.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.",
"SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS","Urban population (% of total population)","Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division.","United Nations Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.",
"SP.POP.TOTL","Population, total","Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.","(1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.",
"SP.POP.65UP.MA.ZS","Population ages 65 and above, male (% of male population)","Male population 65 years of age or older as a percentage of the total male population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.3539.MA.5Y","Population ages 35-39, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 35 to 39 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.1014.MA.5Y","Population ages 10-14, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 10 to 14 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.WFRT","Wanted fertility rate (births per woman)","Wanted fertility rate is an estimate of what the total fertility rate would be if all unwanted births were avoided.","Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SP.ADO.TFRT","Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19)","Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.","United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects.",
"SL.UEM.TOTL.MA.ZS","Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)","Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.UEM.1524.ZS","Unemployment, youth total (% of total labor force ages 15-24) (modeled ILO estimate)","Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force ages 15-24 without work but available for and seeking employment.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.CACT.MA.ZS","Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate)","Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.ACTI.1524.NE.ZS","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) (national estimate)","Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24 is the proportion of the population ages 15-24 that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.SW.FE.ZS","Children in employment, study and work, female (% of female children in employment, ages 7-14)","Children in employment refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey. Study and work refer to children attending school in combination with economic activity.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.IND.EMPL.ZS","Employment in industry (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The industry sector consists of mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, and public utilities (electricity, gas, and water), in accordance with divisions 2-5 (ISIC 2) or categories C-F (ISIC 3) or categories B-F (ISIC 4).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.ZS","Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15 and older are generally considered the working-age population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.EMP.1524.SP.MA.NE.ZS","Employment to population ratio, ages 15-24, male (%) (national estimate)","Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed. Employment is defined as persons of working age who, during a short reference period, were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period (i.e. who worked in a job for at least one hour) or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangements. Ages 15-24 are generally considered the youth population.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SI.POV.UMIC","Poverty headcount ratio at $5.50 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population)","Poverty headcount ratio at $5.50 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $5.50 a day at 2011 international prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SI.DST.FRST.10","Income share held by lowest 10%","Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles.","World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are mostly from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.",
"SH.XPD.GHED.GD.ZS","Domestic general government health expenditure (% of GDP)","Public expenditure on health from domestic sources as a share of the economy as measured by GDP.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.UHC.NOP2.TO","Number of people pushed below the $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure","Number of people pushed below the $3.20 ($ 2011 PPP) poverty line by out-of-pocket health care expenditure. This indicator shows the number of households experiencing impoverishing out-of-pocket health expenditures, defined as expenditures without which the household would have been above the $3.20 poverty line, but because of the expenditures is below the poverty line.  Out-of-pocket health expenditure is defined as any spending incurred by a household when any member uses a health good or service to receive any type of care (preventive, curative, rehabilitative, long-term or palliative care); provided by any type of provider; for any type of disease, illness or health condition; in any type of setting (outpatient, inpatient, at home).","World Health Organization and World Bank. 2021. Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021.",
"SH.STA.TRAF.P5","Mortality caused by road traffic injury (per 100,000 population)","Mortality caused by road traffic injury is estimated road traffic fatal injury deaths per 100,000 population.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.STA.OWGH.MA.ZS","Prevalence of overweight, weight for height, male (% of children under 5)","Prevalence of overweight, male, is the percentage of boys under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations above the median for the international reference population of the corresponding age as established by the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.","UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.",
"SH.STA.DIAB.ZS","Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79)","Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. It is calculated by adjusting to a standard population age-structure.","International Diabetes Federation, Diabetes Atlas.",
"SH.PRV.SMOK.FE","Prevalence of current tobacco use, females (% of female adults)","The percentage of the female population ages 15 years and over who currently use any tobacco product (smoked and/or smokeless tobacco) on a daily or non-daily basis. Tobacco products include cigarettes, pipes, cigars, cigarillos, waterpipes (hookah, shisha), bidis, kretek, heated tobacco products, and all forms of smokeless (oral and nasal) tobacco. Tobacco products exclude e-cigarettes (which do not contain tobacco), “e-cigars”, “e-hookahs”, JUUL and “e-pipes”. The rates are age-standardized to the WHO Standard Population.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.IMM.HEPB","Immunization, HepB3 (% of one-year-old children)","Child immunization rate, hepatitis B is the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received hepatitis B vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized after three doses.","WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/en/).",
"SH.H2O.BASW.ZS","People using at least basic drinking water services (% of population)","The percentage of people using at least basic water services.  This indicator encompasses both people using basic water services as well as those using safely managed water services.  Basic drinking water services is defined as drinking water from an improved source, provided collection time is not more than 30 minutes for a round trip.  Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.DYN.0509","Probability of dying among children ages 5-9 years (per 1,000)","Probability of dying between age 5-9 years of age expressed per 1,000 children aged 5, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SH.ALC.PCAP.MA.LI","Total alcohol consumption per capita, male (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, male 15+ years of age)","Total alcohol per capita consumption is defined as the total (sum of recorded and unrecorded alcohol) amount of alcohol consumed per person (15 years of age or older) over a calendar year, in litres of pure alcohol, adjusted for tourist consumption.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS","Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP)","General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of GDP. It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.TER.ENRL.TC.ZS","Pupil-teacher ratio, tertiary","Tertiary school pupil-teacher ratio is the average number of pupils per teacher in tertiary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.TCHR.FE.ZS","Secondary education, teachers (% female)","Female teachers as a percentage of total secondary education teachers includes full-time and part-time teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.NENR.MA","School enrollment, secondary, male (% net)","Net enrollment rate is the ratio of children of official school age who are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official school age. Secondary education completes the provision of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.CUAT.UP.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed upper secondary, population 25+, total (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed upper secondary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.UNER.FE.ZS","Children out of school, female (% of female primary school age)","Children out of school are the percentage of primary-school-age children who are not enrolled in primary or secondary school. Children in the official primary age group that are in preprimary education should be considered out of school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.PRSL.FE.ZS","Persistence to last grade of primary, female (% of cohort)","Persistence to last grade of primary is the percentage of children enrolled in the first grade of primary school who eventually reach the last grade of primary education. The estimate is based on the reconstructed cohort method.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.GINT.FE.ZS","Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education, female (% of relevant age group)","Gross intake ratio in first grade of primary education is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the official primary entrance age.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRE.TCAQ.MA.ZS","Trained teachers in preprimary education, male (% of male teachers)","Trained teachers in preprimary education are the percentage of preprimary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ADT.1524.LT.MA.ZS","Literacy rate, youth male (% of males ages 15-24)","Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_sa_allsa.cov_q1_tot","Coverage of social safety net programs in poorest quintile (% of population)","Coverage of social safety net programs shows the percentage of population participating in cash transfers and last resort programs, noncontributory social pensions, other cash transfers programs (child, family and orphan allowances, birth and death grants, disability benefits, and other allowances), conditional cash transfers, in-kind food transfers (food stamps and vouchers, food rations, supplementary feeding, and emergency food distribution), school feeding, other social assistance programs (housing allowances, scholarships, fee waivers, health subsidies, and other social assistance) and public works programs (cash for work and food for work). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"PA.NUS.PPPC.RF","Price level ratio of PPP conversion factor (GDP) to market exchange rate","Price level ratio is the ratio of a purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion factor to an exchange rate. It provides a measure of the differences in price levels between countries by indicating the number of units of the common currency needed to buy the same volume of the aggregation level in each country. At the level of GDP, they provide a measure of the differences in the general price levels of countries.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GNS.ICTR.CN","Gross savings (current LCU)","Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers. Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.MKTP.CD","GNI (current US$)","GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.KD","GDP, PPP (constant 2017 international $)","PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the country plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2017 international dollars.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GDP.DEFL.ZS.AD","GDP deflator: linked series (base year varies by country)","The GDP implicit deflator is calculated as the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency. This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years. The base year varies by country.","World Bank staff estimates based on World Bank national accounts data archives, OECD National Accounts, and the IMF WEO database.",
"NY.ADJ.NNAT.GN.ZS","Adjusted savings: net national savings (% of GNI)","Net national savings are equal to gross national savings less the value of consumption of fixed capital.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.AEDU.GN.ZS","Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI)","Education expenditure refers to the current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment.","World Bank staff estimates using data from the United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for Statistics online database.",
"NV.IND.TOTL.KN","Industry (including construction), value added (constant LCU)","Industry (including construction) corresponds to ISIC divisions 05-43 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 10-33). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NV.AGR.TOTL.KD.ZG","Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (annual % growth)","Annual growth rate for agricultural, forestry, and fishing value added based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Agriculture corresponds to ISIC divisions 01-03 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS","Gross capital formation (% of GDP)","Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and ""work in progress."" According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.FPRV.CN","Gross fixed capital formation, private sector (current LCU)","Private investment covers gross outlays by the private sector (including private nonprofit agencies) on additions to its fixed domestic assets.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.TOTL.KD","Final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$)","Final consumption expenditure (formerly total consumption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) and general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption). Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.GOVT.KD.ZG","General government final consumption expenditure (annual % growth)","Annual percentage growth of general government final consumption expenditure based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. General government final consumption expenditure (general government consumption) includes all government current expenditures for purchases of goods and services (including compensation of employees). It also includes most expenditures on national defense and security, but excludes government military expenditures that are part of government capital formation.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"LP.LPI.ITRN.XQ","Logistics performance index: Ease of arranging competitively priced shipments (1=low to 5=high)","Data are from Logistics Performance Index surveys conducted by the World Bank in partnership with academic and international institutions and private companies and individuals engaged in international logistics. 2009 round of surveys covered more than 5,000 country assessments by nearly 1,000 international freight forwarders. Respondents evaluate eight markets on six core dimensions on a scale from 1 (worst) to 5 (best). The markets are chosen based on the most important export and import markets of the respondent's country, random selection, and, for landlocked countries, neighboring countries that connect them with international markets. Details of the survey methodology are in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete 2010: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy (2010). Respondents assessed the ease of arranging competitively priced shipments to markets, on a rating ranging from 1 (very difficult) to 5 (very easy). Scores are averaged across all respondents.","World Bank and Turku School of Economics, Logistic Performance Index Surveys. Data are available online at: https://lpi.worldbank.org/. Summary results are published in Arvis and others' Connecting to Compete: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy, The Logistics Performance Index and Its Indicators report.",
"IS.RRS.TOTL.KM","Rail lines (total route-km)","Rail lines are the length of railway route available for train service, irrespective of the number of parallel tracks.","Internation Union of Railways (UIC)",
"TX.VAL.MRCH.XD.WD","Export value index (2000 = 100)","Export values are the current value of exports (f.o.b.) converted to U.S. dollars and expressed as a percentage of the average for the base period (2000). UNCTAD's export value indexes are reported for most economies. For selected economies for which UNCTAD does not publish data, the export value indexes are derived from export volume indexes (line 72) and corresponding unit value indexes of exports (line 74) in the IMF's International Financial Statistics.","United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Handbook of Statistics and data files, and International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics.",
"TX.VAL.INSF.ZS.WT","Insurance and financial services (% of commercial service exports)","Insurance and financial services cover freight insurance on goods exported and other direct insurance such as life insurance; financial intermediation services such as commissions, foreign exchange transactions, and brokerage services; and auxiliary services such as financial market operational and regulatory services.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"TM.VAL.MRCH.RS.ZS","Merchandise imports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise imports)","Merchandise imports by the reporting economy residuals are the total merchandise imports by the reporting economy from the rest of the world as reported in the IMF's Direction of trade database, less the sum of imports by the reporting economy from high-, low-, and middle-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Includes trade with unspecified partners or with economies not covered by World Bank classification. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy.","World Bank staff estimates based data from International Monetary Fund's Direction of Trade database.",
"TM.VAL.FOOD.ZS.UN","Food imports (% of merchandise imports)","Food comprises the commodities in SITC sections 0 (food and live animals), 1 (beverages and tobacco), and 4 (animal and vegetable oils and fats) and SITC division 22 (oil seeds, oil nuts, and oil kernels).","World Bank staff estimates through the WITS platform from the Comtrade database maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division.",
"TM.TAX.MRCH.IP.ZS","Share of tariff lines with international peaks, all products (%)","Share of tariff lines with international peaks is the share of lines in the tariff schedule with tariff rates that exceed 15 percent. It provides an indication of how selectively tariffs are applied.","World Bank staff estimates using the World Integrated Trade Solution system, based on data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development's Trade Analysis and Information System (TRAINS) database.",
"ST.INT.TVLR.CD","International tourism, receipts for travel items (current US$)","International tourism receipts for travel items are expenditures by international inbound visitors in the reporting economy. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveler or provided, without a quid pro quo, for the traveler to use or give away. These receipts should include any other prepayment made for goods or services received in the destination country. They also may include receipts from same-day visitors, except in cases where these are so important as to justify a separate classification. Excluded is the international carriage of travelers, which is covered in passenger travel items. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Tourism Organization, Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Compendium of Tourism Statistics and data files.",
"SP.REG.BRTH.UR.ZS","Completeness of birth registration, urban (%)","Completeness of birth registration is the percentage of children under age 5 whose births were registered at the time of the survey. The numerator of completeness of birth registration includes children whose birth certificate was seen by the interviewer or whose mother or caretaker says the birth has been registered.","UNICEF's State of the World's Children based mostly on household surveys and ministry of health data.",
"SP.POP.80UP.MA.5Y","Population ages 80 and above, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 80 and above as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.5559.MA.5Y","Population ages 55-59, male (% of male population)","Male population between the ages 55 to 59 as a percentage of the total male population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.1564.TO.ZS","Population ages 15-64 (% of total population)","Total population between the ages 15 to 64 as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.POP.0014.FE.ZS","Population ages 0-14, female (% of female population)","Female population between the ages 0 to 14 as a percentage of the total female population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.","World Bank staff estimates based on age/sex distributions of United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects: 2019 Revision.",
"SP.DYN.IMRT.IN","Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)","Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SM.POP.REFG.OR","Refugee population by country or territory of origin","Refugees are people who are recognized as refugees under the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees or its 1967 Protocol, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, people recognized as refugees in accordance with the UNHCR statute, people granted refugee-like humanitarian status, and people provided temporary protection. Asylum seekers--people who have applied for asylum or refugee status and who have not yet received a decision or who are registered as asylum seekers--are excluded. Palestinian refugees are people (and their descendants) whose residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948 and who lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict. Country of origin generally refers to the nationality or country of citizenship of a claimant.","United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Refugee Data Finder at https://www.unhcr.org/refugee-statistics/.",
"SL.UEM.INTM.MA.ZS","Unemployment with intermediate education, male (% of male labor force with intermediate education)","The percentage of the labor force with an intermediate level of education who are unemployed. Intermediate education comprises upper secondary or post-secondary non tertiary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.PART.ZS","Part time employment, total (% of total employment)","Part time employment refers to regular employment in which working time is substantially less than normal. Definitions of part time employment differ by country.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.BASC.FE.ZS","Labor force with basic education, female (% of female working-age population with basic education)","The ratio of the labor force with basic education to the working-age population with basic education. Basic education comprises primary education or lower secondary education according to the International Standard Classification of Education 2011 (ISCED 2011).","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on February 8, 2022.",
"SL.TLF.0714.WK.MA.ZS","Children in employment, work only, male (% of male children in employment, ages 7-14)","Children in employment refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey. Work only refers to children involved in economic activity and not attending school.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.SRV.0714.MA.ZS","Child employment in services, male (% of male economically active children ages 7-14)","Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). Services correspond to divisions 6-9 (ISIC revision 2), categories G-P (ISIC revision 3), or categories G-U (ISIC revision 4). Services include wholesale and retail trade, hotels and restaurants, transport, financial intermediation, real estate, public administration, education, health and social work, other community services, and private household activity. Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.FAM.0714.MA.ZS","Children in employment, unpaid family workers, male (% of male children in employment, ages 7-14)","Unpaid family workers are people who work without pay in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SL.EMP.SELF.MA.ZS","Self-employed, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate)","Self-employed workers are those workers who, working on their own account or with one or a few partners or in cooperative, hold the type of jobs defined as a ""self-employment jobs."" i.e. jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced. Self-employed workers include four sub-categories of employers, own-account workers, members of producers' cooperatives, and contributing family workers.","International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved on January 29, 2021.",
"SL.AGR.0714.FE.ZS","Child employment in agriculture, female (% of female economically active children ages 7-14)","Employment by economic activity refers to the distribution of economically active children by the major industrial categories of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). Agriculture corresponds to division 1 (ISIC revision 2), categories A and B (ISIC revision 3), or category A (ISIC revision 4) and includes hunting, forestry, and fishing. Economically active children refer to children involved in economic activity for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.","Understanding Children's Work project based on data from ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank.",
"SI.POV.MDIM.17","Multidimensional poverty headcount ratio, children (% of population ages 0-17)","The percentage of children who are multidimensionally poor","Government statistical agencies. Data for EU countires are from the EUROSTAT",
"SH.XPD.PVTD.PC.CD","Domestic private health expenditure per capita (current US$)","Current private expenditures on health per capita expressed in current US dollars. Domestic private sources include funds from households, corporations and non-profit organizations. Such expenditures can be either prepaid to voluntary health insurance or paid directly to healthcare providers.","World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on January 30, 2022.",
"SH.VAC.TTNS.ZS","Newborns protected against tetanus (%)","Newborns protected against tetanus are the percentage of births by women of child-bearing age who are immunized against tetanus.","WHO and UNICEF (http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/en/).",
"SH.TBS.CURE.ZS","Tuberculosis treatment success rate (% of new cases)","Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of all new tuberculosis cases (or new and relapse cases for some countries) registered under a national tuberculosis control programme in a given year that successfully completed treatment, with or without bacteriological evidence of success (""cured"" and ""treatment completed"" respectively).","World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report.",
"SH.STA.SMSS.ZS","People using safely managed sanitation services (% of population)","The percentage of people using improved sanitation facilities that are not shared with other households and where excreta are safely disposed of in situ or transported and treated offsite. Improved sanitation facilities include flush/pour flush to piped sewer systems, septic tanks or pit latrines: ventilated improved pit latrines, compositing toilets or pit latrines with slabs.","WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).",
"SH.STA.MMRT","Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births)","Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die from pregnancy-related causes while pregnant or within 42 days of pregnancy termination per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on the proportion of maternal deaths among non-AIDS deaths in women ages 15-49, fertility, birth attendants, and GDP measured using purchasing power parities (PPPs).","WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group, and the United Nations Population Division. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 2000 to 2017. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2019",
"SH.STA.ANVC.ZS","Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%)","Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.","UNICEF, State of the World's Children, Childinfo, and Demographic and Health Surveys.",
"SH.MLR.INCD.P3","Incidence of malaria (per 1,000 population at risk)","Incidence of malaria is the number of new cases of malaria in a year per 1,000 population at risk.","World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository/World Health Statistics (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).",
"SH.HIV.INCD","Adults (ages 15-49) newly infected with HIV","Number of adults (ages 15-49) newly infected with HIV.","UNAIDS estimates.",
"SH.DYN.MORT.MA","Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000 live births)","Under-five mortality rate, male is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn male baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to male age-specific mortality rates of the specified year.","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SH.DTH.1519","Number of deaths ages 15-19 years","Number of deaths of adolescents ages 15-19 years","Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.",
"SG.VAW.ARGU.ZS","Women who believe a husband is justified in beating his wife when she argues with him (%)","Percentage of women ages 15-49 who believe a husband/partner is justified in hitting or beating his wife/partner when she argues with him.","Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), and other surveys",
"SE.XPD.CTOT.ZS","Current education expenditure, total (% of total expenditure in public institutions)","Current expenditure is expressed as a percentage of direct expenditure in public educational institutions (instructional and non-instructional) of the specified level of education. Financial aid to students and other transfers are excluded from direct expenditure. Current expenditure is consumed within the current year and would have to be renewed if needed in the following year. It includes staff compensation and current expenditure other than for staff compensation (ex. on teaching materials, ancillary services and administration).","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.TER.CUAT.DO.MA.ZS","Educational attainment, Doctoral or equivalent, population 25+, male (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Doctoral or equivalent.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.TCAQ.LO.ZS","Trained teachers in lower secondary education (% of total teachers)","Trained teachers in lower secondary education are the percentage of lower secondary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.SEC.ENRL.UP.TC.ZS","Pupil-teacher ratio, upper secondary","Upper secondary school pupil-teacher ratio is the average number of pupils per teacher in upper secondary school.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.SEC.CUAT.LO.FE.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed lower secondary, population 25+, female (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed lower secondary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.TCAQ.ZS","Trained teachers in primary education (% of total teachers)","Trained teachers in primary education are the percentage of primary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.PRM.NINT.ZS","Net intake rate in grade 1 (% of official school-age population)","Net intake rate in grade 1 is the number of new entrants in the first grade of primary education who are of official primary school entrance age, expressed as a percentage of the population of the corresponding age.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of February 2020.",
"SE.PRM.CUAT.ZS","Educational attainment, at least completed primary, population 25+ years, total (%) (cumulative)","The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed primary education.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"SE.ENR.SECO.FM.ZS","School enrollment, secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)","Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in secondary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at secondary level in public and private schools.","UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/). Data as of September 2021.",
"per_si_allsi.cov_q1_tot","Coverage of social insurance programs in poorest quintile (% of population)","Coverage of social insurance programs shows the percentage of population participating in programs that provide old age contributory pensions (including survivors and disability) and social security and health insurance benefits (including occupational injury benefits, paid sick leave, maternity and other social insurance). Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"per_lm_alllm.cov_q1_tot","Coverage of unemployment benefits and ALMP in poorest quintile (% of population)","Coverage of unemployment benefits and active labor market programs (ALMP) shows the percentage of population participating in unemployment compensation, severance pay, and early retirement due to labor market reasons, labor market services (intermediation), training (vocational, life skills, and cash for training), job rotation and job sharing, employment incentives and wage subsidies, supported employment and rehabilitation, and employment measures for the disabled. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.","ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, The World Bank. Data are based on national representative household surveys. (datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/)",
"NY.TAX.NIND.KN","Taxes less subsidies on products (constant LCU)","Taxes less subsidies on products (net indirect taxes) are the sum of product taxes less subsidies. Product taxes are those taxes payable by producers that relate to the production, sale, purchase or use of the goods and services. Subsidies are grants on the current account made by general government to private enterprises and unincorporated public enterprises. The grants may take the form of payments to ensure a guaranteed price or to enable maintenance of prices of goods and services below costs of production, and other forms of assistance to producers. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GNP.PCAP.CD","GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)","GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD","GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2017 international $)","GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the country plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2017 international dollars.","International Comparison Program, World Bank | World Development Indicators database, World Bank | Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme.",
"NY.GDP.MINR.RT.ZS","Mineral rents (% of GDP)","Mineral rents are the difference between the value of production for a stock of minerals at world prices and their total costs of production. Minerals included in the calculation are tin, gold, lead, zinc, iron, copper, nickel, silver, bauxite, and phosphate.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods described in the World Bank's The Changing Wealth of Nations.",
"NY.ADJ.SVNG.GN.ZS","Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)","Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NY.ADJ.DMIN.GN.ZS","Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI)","Mineral depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of mineral resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers tin, gold, lead, zinc, iron, copper, nickel, silver, bauxite, and phosphate.","World Bank staff estimates based on sources and methods in World Bank's ""The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium"" (2011).",
"NV.SRV.EMPL.KD","Services, value added per worker (constant 2015 US$)","Value added per worker is a measure of labor productivity—value added per unit of input. Value added denotes the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. Data are in constant 2015 U.S. dollars. Services corresponds to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) tabulation categories G-P (revision 3) or tabulation categories G-U (revision 4), and includes wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels; transport, storage, and communications; financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social and personal services.","Derived using World Bank national accounts data and OECD National Accounts data files, and employment data from International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database.",
"NV.IND.MANF.KD","Manufacturing, value added (constant 2015 US$)","Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 10-33. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.RSB.GNFS.CN","External balance on goods and services (current LCU)","External balance on goods and services (formerly resource balance) equals exports of goods and services minus imports of goods and services (previously nonfactor services). Data are in current local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.STKB.CD","Changes in inventories (current US$)","Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and ""work in progress."" Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.DAB.TOTL.KN","Gross national expenditure (constant LCU)","Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.KN","Households and NPISHs Final consumption expenditure (constant LCU)","Household and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. This indicator includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households even when reported separately by the country. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"MS.MIL.XPND.CD","Military expenditure (current USD)","Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). Excluded are civil defense and current expenditures for previous military activities, such as for veterans' benefits, demobilization, conversion, and destruction of weapons. This definition cannot be applied for all countries, however, since that would require much more detailed information than is available about what is included in military budgets and off-budget military expenditure items. (For example, military budgets might or might not cover civil defense, reserves and auxiliary forces, police and paramilitary forces, dual-purpose forces such as military and civilian police, military grants in kind, pensions for military personnel, and social security contributions paid by one part of government to another).","Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Yearbook: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security.",
"IT.NET.BBND.P2","Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people)","Fixed broadband subscriptions refers to fixed subscriptions to high-speed access to the public Internet (a TCP/IP connection), at downstream speeds equal to, or greater than, 256 kbit/s. This includes cable modem, DSL, fiber-to-the-home/building, other fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions, satellite broadband and terrestrial fixed wireless broadband. This total is measured irrespective of the method of payment. It excludes subscriptions that have access to data communications (including the Internet) via mobile-cellular networks. It should include fixed WiMAX and any other fixed wireless technologies. It includes both residential subscriptions and subscriptions for organizations.","International Telecommunication Union (ITU) World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database",
"NE.IMP.GNFS.KN","Imports of goods and services (constant LCU)","Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments. Data are in constant local currency.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.GDI.FTOT.KD.ZG","Gross fixed capital formation (annual % growth)","Average annual growth of gross fixed capital formation based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Gross fixed capital formation (formerly gross domestic fixed investment) includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 2008 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.DAB.TOTL.CD","Gross national expenditure (current US$)","Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.",
"NE.CON.PRVT.CN.AD","Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure: linked series (current LCU)","Household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption) is the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households. It excludes purchases of dwellings but includes imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings. It also includes payments and fees to governments to obtain permits and licenses. Here, household consumption expenditure includes the expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households, even when reported separately by the country. This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years. Data are in local currency, at current prices.","World Bank staff estimates based on World Bank national accounts data archives, OECD National Accounts, and the IMF WEO database.",
"MS.MIL.MPRT.KD","Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values)","Arms transfers cover the supply of military weapons through sales, aid, gifts, and those made through manufacturing licenses. Data cover major conventional weapons such as aircraft, armored vehicles, artillery, radar systems, missiles, and ships designed for military use. Excluded are transfers of other military equipment such as small arms and light weapons, trucks, small artillery, ammunition, support equipment, technology transfers, and other services. Figures are SIPRI Trend Indicator Values (TIVs) expressed in US$ m. A '0' indicates that the value of deliveries is less than US$0.5m.","Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Arms Transfers Programme (http://portal.sipri.org/publications/pages/transfer/splash).",
"IT.MLT.MAIN","Fixed telephone subscriptions","Fixed telephone subscriptions refers to the sum of active number of analogue fixed telephone lines, voice-over-IP (VoIP) subscriptions, fixed wireless local loop (WLL) subscriptions, ISDN voice-channel equivalents and fixed public payphones.","International Telecommunication Union (ITU) World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database",
"IQ.SPI.OVRL","Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Overall score (scale 0-100)","The SPI overall score is a composite score measuing country performance across five pillars: data use, data services, data products, data sources, and data infrastructure.  The new Statistical Performance Indicators (SPI) will replace the Statistical Capacity Index (SCI), which the World Bank has regularly published since 2004. Although the goals are the same, to offer a better tool to measure the statistical systems of countries, the new SPI framework has expanded into new areas including in the areas of data use, administrative data, geospatial data, data services, and data infrastructure. The SPI provides a framework that can help countries measure where they stand in several dimensions and offers an ambitious measurement agenda for the international community.","Statistical Performance Indicators, The World Bank (https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/statistical-performance-indicators)",
"IQ.CPA.IRAI.XQ","IDA resource allocation index (1=low to 6=high)","IDA Resource Allocation Index is obtained by calculating the average score for each cluster and then by averaging those scores. For each of 16 criteria countries are rated on a scale of 1 (low) to 6 (high).","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IP.PAT.NRES","Patent applications, nonresidents","Patent applications are worldwide patent applications filed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty procedure or with a national patent office for exclusive rights for an invention--a product or process that provides a new way of doing something or offers a new technical solution to a problem. A patent provides protection for the invention to the owner of the patent for a limited period, generally 20 years.","World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), WIPO Patent Report: Statistics on Worldwide Patent Activity. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.",
"IC.TAX.PAYM","Tax payments (number)","Tax payments by businesses are the total number of taxes paid by businesses, including electronic filing. The tax is counted as paid once a year even if payments are more frequent.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.PRP.DURS","Time required to register property (days)","Time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.FEMO.ZS","Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)","Firms with female participation in ownership are the percentage of firms with a woman among the principal owners.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.ELC.DURS","Time to obtain an electrical connection (days)","The average wait, in days, experienced to obtain an electrical connection from the day an establishment applies for it to the day it receives the service.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"HD.HCI.OVRL.LB","Human Capital Index (HCI), Lower Bound (scale 0-1)","The HCI lower bound reflects uncertainty in the measurement of the components and the overall index. It is obtained by recalculating the HCI using estimates of the lower bounds of each of the components of the HCI. The range between the upper and lower bound is the uncertainty interval. While the uncertainty intervals constructed here do not have a rigorous statistical interpretation, a rule of thumb is that if for two countries they overlap substantially, the differences between their HCI values are not likely to be practically meaningful.","World Bank staff calculations based on the methodology described in World Bank (2018). https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30498",
"GC.XPN.COMP.CN","Compensation of employees (current LCU)","Compensation of employees consists of all payments in cash, as well as in kind (such as food and housing), to employees in return for services rendered, and government contributions to social insurance schemes such as social security and pensions that provide benefits to employees.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.EXPT.CN","Taxes on exports (current LCU)","Taxes on exports are all levies on goods being transported out of the country or services being delivered to nonresidents by residents. Rebates on exported goods that are repayments of previously paid general consumption taxes, excise taxes, or import duties are deducted from the gross amounts receivable from these taxes, not from amounts receivable from export taxes.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.AST.TOTL.CN","Net acquisition of financial assets (current LCU)","Net acquisition of government financial assets includes domestic and foreign financial claims, SDRs, and gold bullion held by monetary authorities as a reserve asset. The net acquisition of financial assets should be offset by the net incurrence of liabilities.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FR.INR.RINR","Real interest rate (%)","Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the GDP deflator. The terms and conditions attached to lending rates differ by country, however, limiting their comparability.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files using World Bank data on the GDP deflator.",
"FM.AST.CGOV.ZG.M3","Claims on central government (annual growth as % of broad money)","Claims on central government (IFS line 32AN..ZK) include loans to central government institutions net of deposits.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"ER.H2O.INTR.PC","Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (cubic meters)","Renewable internal freshwater resources flows refer to internal renewable resources (internal river flows and groundwater from rainfall) in the country. Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita are calculated using the World Bank's population estimates.","Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data.",
"EN.URB.LCTY.UR.ZS","Population in the largest city (% of urban population)","Population in largest city is the percentage of a country's urban population living in that country's largest metropolitan area.","United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects.",
"EN.CLC.GHGR.MT.CE","GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent)","GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF refers to changes in atmospheric levels of all greenhouse gases attributable to forest and land-use change activities, including but not limited to (1) emissions and removals of CO2 from decreases or increases in biomass stocks due to forest management, logging, fuelwood collection, etc.; (2) conversion of existing forests and natural grasslands to other land uses; (3) removal of CO2 from the abandonment of formerly managed lands (e.g. croplands and pastures); and (4) emissions and removals of CO2 in soil associated with land-use change and management. For Annex-I countries under the UNFCCC, these data are drawn from the annual GHG inventories submitted to the UNFCCC by each country; for non-Annex-I countries, data are drawn from the most recently submitted National Communication where available. Because of differences in reporting years and methodologies, these data are not generally considered comparable across countries. Data are in million metric tons.","United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.",
"EN.ATM.METH.ZG","Methane emissions (% change from 1990)","Methane emissions are those stemming from human activities such as agriculture and from industrial methane production. Each year of data shows the percentage change to that year from 1990.","World Bank staff estimates from original source: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL). Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR): http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.LF.ZS","CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total) ","Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of petroleum-derived fuels as an energy source.","Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.",
"EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS","Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption)","Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewables energy in total final energy consumption.","World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) database from the SE4ALL Global Tracking Framework led jointly by the World Bank, International Energy Agency, and the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program.",
"DT.TDS.MLAT.PG.ZS","Multilateral debt service (% of public and publicly guaranteed debt service)","Multilateral debt service is the repayment of principal and interest to the World Bank, regional development banks, and other multilateral agencies. public and publicly guaranteed debt service is the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in currency, goods, or services on long-term obligations of public debtors and long-term private obligations guaranteed by a public entity.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.ODA.ODAT.CD","Net official development assistance received (current US$)","Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.UNCR.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNHCR (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.MIDA.CD","Net financial flows, IDA (NFL, current US$)","Net financial flows received by the borrower during the year are disbursements of loans and credits less repayments of principal. IDA is the International Development Association, the concessional loan window of the World Bank Group. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.MIBR.CD","PPG, IBRD (DOD, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed debt outstanding from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is nonconcessional. Nonconcessional debt excludes loans with an original grant element of 35 percent or more. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.USAL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, United States (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.HUNL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Hungary (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"CM.MKT.TRAD.GD.ZS","Stocks traded, total value (% of GDP)","The value of shares traded is the total number of shares traded, both domestic and foreign, multiplied by their respective matching prices. Figures are single counted (only one side of the transaction is considered). Companies admitted to listing and admitted to trading are included in the data. Data are end of year values.","World Federation of Exchanges database.",
"BX.GSR.ROYL.CD","Charges for the use of intellectual property, receipts (BoP, current US$)","Charges for the use of intellectual property are payments and receipts between residents and nonresidents for the authorized use of proprietary rights (such as patents, trademarks, copyrights, industrial processes and designs including trade secrets, and franchises) and for the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals or prototypes (such as copyrights on books and manuscripts, computer software, cinematographic works, and sound recordings) and related rights (such as for live performances and television, cable, or satellite broadcast). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BN.KAC.EOMS.CD","Net errors and omissions (BoP, current US$)","Net errors and omissions constitute a residual category needed to ensure that accounts in the balance of payments statement sum to zero. Net errors and omissions are derived as the balance on the financial account minus the balances on the current and capital accounts. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.GSR.MRCH.CD","Goods imports (BoP, current US$)","Goods imports refer to all movable goods (including nonmonetary gold) involved in a change of ownership from nonresidents to residents. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.LND.PRCP.MM","Average precipitation in depth (mm per year)","Average precipitation is the long-term average in depth (over space and time) of annual precipitation in the country. Precipitation is defined as any kind of water that falls from clouds as a liquid or a solid.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"AG.CON.FERT.ZS","Fertilizer consumption (kilograms per hectare of arable land)","Fertilizer consumption measures the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (including ground rock phosphate). Traditional nutrients--animal and plant manures--are not included. For the purpose of data dissemination, FAO has adopted the concept of a calendar year (January to December). Some countries compile fertilizer data on a calendar year basis, while others are on a split-year basis. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",
"IQ.CPA.TRAN.XQ","CPIA transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector rating (1=low to 6=high)","Transparency, accountability, and corruption in the public sector assess the extent to which the executive can be held accountable for its use of funds and for the results of its actions by the electorate and by the legislature and judiciary, and the extent to which public employees within the executive are required to account for administrative decisions, use of resources, and results obtained. The three main dimensions assessed here are the accountability of the executive to oversight institutions and of public employees for their performance, access of civil society to information on public affairs, and state capture by narrow vested interests.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IQ.CPA.FINQ.XQ","CPIA quality of budgetary and financial management rating (1=low to 6=high)","Quality of budgetary and financial management assesses the extent to which there is a comprehensive and credible budget linked to policy priorities, effective financial management systems, and timely and accurate accounting and fiscal reporting, including timely and audited public accounts.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IE.PPN.TRAN.CD","Public private partnerships investment in transport (current US$)","Public Private Partnerships in transport (current US$) refers to commitments to  infrastructure projects in transport that have reached financial closure and directly or indirectly serve the public. Movable assets and small projects are excluded. The types of projects included are  management and lease contracts, operations and management contracts with major capital expenditure,  and greenfield projects (in which a private entity or a public-private joint venture builds and operates a new facility). It excludes divestitures and merchant projects. Investment commitments are the sum of investments in facilities and investments in government assets. Investments in facilities are the resources the project company commits to invest during the contract period either in new facilities or in expansion and modernization of existing facilities. Investments in government assets are the resources the project company spends on acquiring government assets such as state-owned enterprises, rights to provide services in a specific area, or the use of specific radio spectrums. Data is presented based on investment year. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, Private Participation in Infrastructure Project Database (http://ppi.worldbank.org).",
"IC.TAX.DURS","Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours)","Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.IMP.TMBC","Time to import, border compliance (hours)","Border compliance captures the time and cost associated with compliance with the economy’s customs regulations and with regulations relating to other inspections that are mandatory in order for the shipment to cross the economy’s border, as well as the time and cost for handling that takes place at its port or border. The time and cost for this segment include time and cost for customs clearance and inspection procedures conducted by other government agencies.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.CMPU.ZS","Firms competing against unregistered firms (% of firms)","Firms competing against unregistered firms are the percentage of firms competing against unregistered or informal firms.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.BUS.NREG","New businesses registered (number)","New businesses registered are the number of new limited liability corporations (or its equivalent) registered in the calendar year.","World Bank's Entrepreneurship Database (https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/entrepreneurship).",
"GC.XPN.TRFT.CN","Subsidies and other transfers (current LCU)","Subsidies, grants, and other social benefits include all unrequited, nonrepayable transfers on current account to private and public enterprises; grants to foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units; and social security, social assistance benefits, and employer social benefits in cash and in kind.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.TOTL.CN","Tax revenue (current LCU)","Tax revenue refers to compulsory transfers to the central government for public purposes. Certain compulsory transfers such as fines, penalties, and most social security contributions are excluded. Refunds and corrections of erroneously collected tax revenue are treated as negative revenue.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.REV.GOTR.ZS","Grants and other revenue (% of revenue)","Grants and other revenue include grants from other foreign governments, international organizations, and other government units; interest; dividends; rent; requited, nonrepayable receipts for public purposes (such as fines, administrative fees, and entrepreneurial income from government owner­ship of property); and voluntary, unrequited, nonrepayable receipts other than grants.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"FX.OWN.TOTL.PL.ZS","Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider, primary education or less (% of population ages 15+)","Account denotes the percentage of respondents who report having an account (by themselves or together with someone else) at a bank or another type of financial institution or report personally using a mobile money service in the past 12 months (primary education or less, % of population ages 15+).","Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2018, Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.",
"FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG","Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)","Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"FD.RES.LIQU.AS.ZS","Bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio (%)","Ratio of bank liquid reserves to bank assets is the ratio of domestic currency holdings and deposits with the monetary authorities to claims on other governments, nonfinancial public enterprises, the private sector, and other banking institutions.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"ER.H2O.FWIN.ZS","Annual freshwater withdrawals, industry (% of total freshwater withdrawal)","Annual freshwater withdrawals refer to total water withdrawals, not counting evaporation losses from storage basins. Withdrawals also include water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where there is significant water reuse. Withdrawals for industry are total withdrawals for direct industrial use (including withdrawals for cooling thermoelectric plants). Data are for the most recent year available for 1987-2002.","Food and Agriculture Organization, AQUASTAT data.",
"EN.POP.EL5M.RU.ZS","Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population)","Rural population below 5m is the percentage of the total population, living in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.","Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.",
"EN.ATM.PM25.MC.T3.ZS","PM2.5 pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO Interim Target-3 value (% of total)","Percent of population exposed to ambient concentrations of PM2.5 that exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) Interim Target 3 (IT-3) is defined as the portion of a country’s population living in places where mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 are greater than 15 micrograms per cubic meter. The Air Quality Guideline (AQG) of 10 micrograms per cubic meter is recommended by the WHO as the lower end of the range of concentrations over which adverse health effects due to PM2.5 exposure have been observed.","Brauer, M. et al. 2017, for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.",
"EN.ATM.METH.AG.KT.CE","Agricultural methane emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)","Agricultural methane emissions are emissions from animals, animal waste, rice production, agricultural waste burning (nonenergy, on-site), and savanna burning.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.GF.KT","CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt) ","Carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuel consumption refer mainly to emissions from use of natural gas as an energy source.","Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.",
"EG.ELC.NUCL.ZS","Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total)","Sources of electricity refer to the inputs used to generate electricity. Nuclear power refers to electricity produced by nuclear power plants.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"DT.TDS.DPPF.XP.ZS","Debt service (PPG and IMF only, % of exports of goods, services and primary income)","Debt service (PPG and IMF only, % of exports of goods, services and primary income)","Debt service is the sum of principle repayments and interest actually paid in currency, goods, or services. This series differs from the standard debt to exports series. It covers only long-term public and publicly guaranteed debt and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF. Exports of goods and services include primary income, but do not include workers' remittances.",
"DT.NFL.WHOL.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, WHO (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.PRVT.CD","PPG, private creditors (NFL, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.NFL.IFAD.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, IFAD (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.DOD.DPPG.CD","External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (DOD, current US$)","Public and publicly guaranteed debt comprises long-term external obligations of public debtors, including the national government,  Public Corporations, State Owned Enterprises, Development Banks and Other Mixed Enterprises, political subdivisions (or an agency of either), autonomous public bodies, and external obligations of private debtors that are guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.DAC.PRTL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Portugal (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.ESPL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Spain (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"CM.MKT.INDX.ZG","S&P Global Equity Indices (annual % change)","S&P Global Equity Indices measure the U.S. dollar price change in the stock markets covered by the S&P/IFCI and S&P/Frontier BMI country indices.","Standard & Poor's, Global Stock Markets Factbook and supplemental S&P data.",
"BX.GSR.FCTY.CD","Primary income receipts (BoP, current US$)","Primary income receipts refer to employee compensation paid to resident workers working abroad and investment income (receipts on direct investment, portfolio investment, other investments, and receipts on reserve assets). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BN.CAB.XOKA.GD.ZS","Current account balance (% of GDP)","Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods and services, net primary income, and net secondary income.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"BG.GSR.NFSV.GD.ZS","Trade in services (% of GDP)","Trade in services is the sum of service exports and imports divided by the value of GDP, all in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"AG.LND.EL5M.UR.ZS","Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area)","Urban land area below 5m is the percentage of total land where the urban land elevation is 5 meters or less.","Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.",
"IQ.SPI.PIL3","Statistical performance indicators (SPI): Pillar 3 data products score  (scale 0-100)","The data products overall score is a composite score measureing whether the country is able to produce relevant indicators, primarily related to SDGs.  The data products (internal process) pillar is segmented by four topics and organized into (i) social, (ii) economic, (iii) environmental, and (iv) institutional dimensions using the typology of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This approach anchors the national statistical system’s performance around the essential data required to support the achievement of the 2030 global goals, and enables comparisons across countries so that a global view can be generated while enabling country specific emphasis to reflect the user needs of that country.","Statistical Performance Indicators, The World Bank (https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/statistical-performance-indicators)",
"IQ.CPA.PRES.XQ","CPIA equity of public resource use rating (1=low to 6=high)","Equity of public resource use assesses the extent to which the pattern of public expenditures and revenue collection affects the poor and is consistent with national poverty reduction priorities.","World Bank Group, CPIA database (http://www.worldbank.org/ida).",
"IP.TMK.NRES","Trademark applications, direct nonresident","Trademark applications filed are applications to register a trademark with a national or regional Intellectual Property (IP) office. A trademark is a distinctive sign which identifies certain goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or enterprise. A trademark provides protection to the owner of the mark by ensuring the exclusive right to use it to identify goods or services, or to authorize another to use it in return for payment. The period of protection varies, but a trademark can be renewed indefinitely beyond the time limit on payment of additional fees. Direct nonresident trademark applications are those filed by applicants from abroad directly at a given national IP office.","World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), WIPO Patent Report: Statistics on Worldwide Patent Activity. The International Bureau of WIPO assumes no responsibility with respect to the transformation of these data.",
"IC.WRH.DURS","Time required to build a warehouse (days)","Time required to build a warehouse is the number of calendar days needed to complete the required procedures for building a warehouse. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.REG.COST.PC.MA.ZS","Cost of business start-up procedures, male (% of GNI per capita)","Cost to register a business is normalized by presenting it as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) per capita.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"IC.FRM.METG.ZS","Firms visited or required meetings with tax officials (% of firms)","Percent of firms that were visited or required to meet with tax officials.","World Bank, Enterprise Surveys (http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/).",
"IC.ELC.TIME","Time required to get electricity (days)","Time required to get electricity is the number of days to obtain a permanent electricity connection. The measure captures the median duration that the electricity utility and experts indicate is necessary in practice, rather than required by law, to complete a procedure.","World Bank, Doing Business project (http://www.doingbusiness.org/). NOTE: Doing Business has been discontinued as of 9/16/2021. For more information: https://bit.ly/3CLCbme",
"HD.HCI.OVRL.MA","Human Capital Index (HCI), Male (scale 0-1)","The HCI calculates the contributions of health and education to worker productivity. The final index score ranges from zero to one and measures the productivity as a future worker of child born today relative to the benchmark of full health and complete education.","World Bank staff calculations based on the methodology described in World Bank (2018). https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30498",
"GC.XPN.GSRV.ZS","Goods and services expense (% of expense)","Goods and services include all government payments in exchange for goods and services used for the production of market and nonmarket goods and services. Own-account capital formation is excluded.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.TAX.GSRV.RV.ZS","Taxes on goods and services (% of revenue)","Taxes on goods and services include general sales and turnover or value added taxes, selective excises on goods, selective taxes on services, taxes on the use of goods or property, taxes on extraction and production of minerals, and profits of fiscal monopolies.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS","Central government debt, total (% of GDP)","Debt is the entire stock of direct government fixed-term contractual obligations to others outstanding on a particular date. It includes domestic and foreign liabilities such as currency and money deposits, securities other than shares, and loans. It is the gross amount of government liabilities reduced by the amount of equity and financial derivatives held by the government. Because debt is a stock rather than a flow, it is measured as of a given date, usually the last day of the fiscal year.","International Monetary Fund, Government Finance Statistics Yearbook and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"FS.AST.DOMO.GD.ZS","Claims on other sectors of the domestic economy (% of GDP)","Claims on other sectors of the domestic economy (IFS line 52S or 32S) include gross credit from the financial system to households, nonprofit institutions serving households, nonfinancial corporations, state and local governments, and social security funds.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.",
"FM.AST.NFRG.CN","Net foreign assets (current LCU)","Net foreign assets are the sum of foreign assets held by monetary authorities and deposit money banks, less their foreign liabilities. Data are in current local currency.","International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics and data files.",
"ER.PTD.TOTL.ZS","Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area)","Terrestrial protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated by national authorities as scientific reserves with limited public access, national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves or wildlife sanctuaries, protected landscapes, and areas managed mainly for sustainable use. Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain--and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features--that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment. Sites protected under local or provincial law are excluded.","World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) where the compilation and management is carried out by United Nations Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) in collaboration with governments, non-governmental organizations, academia and industry. The data is available online through the Protected Planet website (https://www.protectedplanet.net/).",
"EP.PMP.DESL.CD","Pump price for diesel fuel (US$ per liter)","Fuel prices refer to the pump prices of the most widely sold grade of diesel fuel. Prices have been converted from the local currency to U.S. dollars.","German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ).",
"EN.CO2.ETOT.ZS","CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production, total (% of total fuel combustion)","CO2 emissions from electricity and heat production is the sum of three IEA categories of CO2 emissions: (1) Main Activity Producer Electricity and Heat which contains the sum of emissions from main activity producer electricity generation, combined heat and power generation and heat plants. Main activity producers (formerly known as public utilities) are defined as those undertakings whose primary activity is to supply the public. They may be publicly or privately owned. This corresponds to IPCC Source/Sink Category 1 A 1 a. For the CO2 emissions from fuel combustion (summary) file, emissions from own on-site use of fuel in power plants (EPOWERPLT) are also included. (2) Unallocated Autoproducers which contains the emissions from the generation of electricity and/or heat by autoproducers. Autoproducers are defined as undertakings that generate electricity and/or heat, wholly or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary activity. They may be privately or publicly owned. In the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, these emissions would normally be distributed between industry, transport and ""other"" sectors. (3) Other Energy Industries contains emissions from fuel combusted in petroleum refineries, for the manufacture of solid fuels, coal mining, oil and gas extraction and other energy-producing industries. This corresponds to the IPCC Source/Sink Categories 1 A 1 b and 1 A 1 c. According to the 1996 IPCC Guidelines, emissions from coke inputs to blast furnaces can either be counted here or in the Industrial Processes source/sink category. Within detailed sectoral calculations, certain non-energy processes can be distinguished. In the reduction of iron in a blast furnace through the combustion of coke, the primary purpose of the coke oxidation is to produce pig iron and the emissions can be considered as an industrial process. Care must be taken not to double count these emissions in both Energy and Industrial Processes. In the IEA estimations, these emissions have been included in this category.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EN.ATM.NOXE.EG.KT.CE","Nitrous oxide emissions in energy sector (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent)","Nitrous oxide emissions from energy processes are emissions produced by the combustion of fossil fuels and biofuels.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions.",
"EN.ATM.CO2E.PP.GD.KD","CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP)","Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.","Data for up to 1990 are sourced from Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States. Data from 1990 are CAIT data: Climate Watch. 2020. GHG Emissions. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute. Available at: https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions. See NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.KD for the denominator's source.",
"EG.IMP.CONS.ZS","Energy imports, net (% of energy use)","Net energy imports are estimated as energy use less production, both measured in oil equivalents. A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.","IEA Statistics © OECD/IEA 2014 (http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp), subject to https://www.iea.org/t&c/termsandconditions/",
"EG.ELC.ACCS.RU.ZS","Access to electricity, rural (% of rural population)","Access to electricity, rural is the percentage of rural population with access to electricity.","World Bank Global Electrification Database from ""Tracking SDG 7: The Energy Progress Report"" led jointly by the custodian agencies: the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the World Bank and the World Health Organization (WHO).",
"DT.ODA.ODAT.KD","Net official development assistance received (constant 2018 US$)","Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). Data are in constant 2018 U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.UNEP.CD","Net official flows from UN agencies, UNEP (current US$)","Net official flows from UN agencies are the net disbursements of total official flows from the UN agencies. Total official flows are the sum of Official Development Assistance (ODA) or official aid and Other Official Flows (OOF) and represent the total disbursements by the official sector at large to the recipient country. Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. OOF are transactions by the official sector whose main objective is other than development-motivated, or, if development-motivated, whose grant element is below the 25 per cent threshold which would make them eligible to be recorded as ODA. The main classes of transactions included here are official export credits, official sector equity and portfolio investment, and debt reorganization undertaken by the official sector at nonconcessional terms (irrespective of the nature or the identity of the original creditor). UN agencies are United Nations includes the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), World Food Programme (WFP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), United Nations Regular Programme for Technical Assistance (UNTA), United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (UNPBF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DT.NFL.NIFC.CD","IFC, private nonguaranteed (NFL, current US$)","Nonguaranteed long-term debt privately placed from the International Finance Corporation (IFC). Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DT.DOD.PVLX.CD","Present value of external debt (current US$)","Present value of debt is the sum of short-term external debt plus the discounted sum of total debt service payments due on public, publicly guaranteed, and private nonguaranteed long-term external debt over the life of existing loans. This calculation assumes that the PV of loans with a negative grant element is equal to the nominal value of the loan. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","World Bank, International Debt Statistics.",
"DC.ODA.TOTL.CD","Net ODA provided, total (current US$)","Net Official development assistance (ODA) comprises grants or loans to developing countries and territories on the OECD/DAC list of aid recipients that are undertaken by the official sector with promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective and at concessional financial terms.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: www.oecd.org/dac/stats/idsonline.",
"DC.DAC.ITAL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Italy (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"DC.DAC.AUTL.CD","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Austria (current US$)","Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors are the net disbursements of official development assistance (ODA) or official aid from the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Net disbursements are gross disbursements of grants and loans minus repayments of principal on earlier loans. ODA consists of loans made on concessional terms (with a grant element of at least 25 percent, calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent) and grants made to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. Official aid refers to aid flows from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. DAC members are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovienia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and European Union Institutions. Regional aggregates include data for economies not specified elsewhere. World and income group totals include aid not allocated by country or region. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Data are available online at: https://stats.oecd.org/.",
"BX.GSR.TRVL.ZS","Travel services (% of service exports, BoP)","Travel covers goods and services acquired from an economy by travelers for their own use during visits of less than one year in that economy for either business or personal purposes. Travel includes local transport (i.e., transport within the economy being visited and provided by a resident of that economy), but excludes international transport (which is included in passenger transport. Travel also excludes goods for resale, which are included in general merchandise.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BN.RES.INCL.CD","Reserves and related items (BoP, current US$)","Reserves and related items is the net change in a country's holdings of international reserves resulting from transactions on the current, capital, and financial accounts. Reserve assets are those external assets that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, and include holdings of monetary gold, special drawing rights (SDRs), reserve position in the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and other reserve assets. Also included are net credit and loans from the IMF (excluding reserve position) and total exceptional financing. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"BM.GSR.TOTL.CD","Imports of goods, services and primary income (BoP, current US$)","Imports of goods, services and primary income is the sum of goods imports, service imports and primary income payments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.","International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files.",
"AG.LND.TOTL.UR.K2","Urban land area (sq. km)","Urban land area in square kilometers, based on a combination of population counts (persons), settlement points, and the presence of Nighttime Lights. Areas are defined as urban where contiguous lighted cells from the Nighttime Lights or approximated urban extents based on buffered settlement points for which the total population is greater than 5,000 persons.","Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University. 2013. Urban-Rural Population and Land Area Estimates Version 2. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lecz-urban-rural-population-land-area-estimates-v2.",
"AG.LND.ARBL.HA","Arable land (hectares)","Arable land (in hectares) includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.","Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site.",