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The companion Gravity paper showed that the horizontal variation of the projective spectral
entropy functional $S_\Pi[g] = \tfrac12 \log\det' A_g$ with respect to the base metric produces
the Einstein tensor through the Seeley–DeWitt coefficient $a_2$.
This paper carries out the complementary vertical variation. Extending $A_g$ to a Laplace-type
operator $A_{g,\mathcal{A}} = -(\nabla^{\mathcal{A}})^2 + E$ on the associated vector bundle of the
admissible principal fibre, with the connection and the fibre representation $\rho$ held fixed, we
compute the local logarithmic part of the coefficient $a_4$ and isolate its gauge component, the
Yang–Mills density $\tfrac1{12},\mathrm{tr}\rho(F{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu})$. Varying $S_\Pi[g,\mathcal{A}]$
with respect to the admissible connection at fixed base metric then yields the source-free
Yang–Mills equations $D_\mu F^{a\mu\nu} = 0$. This local kinetic Yang–Mills sector, and its
variation, are the robust result of the paper.
The coefficient of the induced logarithm depends on the fibre representation content through the
Dynkin index $I_\rho$ and is therefore not universal. The physical gauge coupling
$g_{\mathrm{YM}}$, like Newton's constant $G_N$, remains a renormalized matching datum, of which
only the logarithmic running is computed here; a single logarithmic divergence does not by itself
establish asymptotic freedom, which depends on the full projected field content and is not claimed.
What is structural, within the proper-time scheme used here, is the difference in ultraviolet
divergence degree between the two sectors — quadratic at $a_2$ for gravity, logarithmic at $a_4$
for gauge — and not any predicted numerical hierarchy of the physical couplings. The contrast is
not scheme-independent: the zeta-regularized determinant carries no power divergences.
The gauge group $G_\Pi = \mathrm{SU}(3)\times\mathrm{SU}(2)\times\mathrm{U}(1)$ is taken as input from
the spectral admissibility sub-programme; its $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ sector, with
$[\text{H-color}]_{\mathrm{pointwise}}$, is established there (O31/O32).
Interpretation (offered as an interpretive outlook, not a theorem): the spectral stratification
$a_2 \to$ Einstein, $a_4 \to$ Yang–Mills suggests that the natural organisational space for
unification in this framework may be spectral and variational rather than purely group-theoretic,
gravity and gauge dynamics being separated by geometric direction (horizontal versus vertical) and
by heat-kernel order.
Status
Preprint — published on Zenodo.
Dependencies
Gravity paper (H): horizontal variation, $a_2$ coefficient
Q6a: gauge group identification for $\mathrm{SU}(2)\times\mathrm{U}(1)$
O31 (a35): $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ from colour-adapted Cayley graph; $[\text{H-color}]_{\mathrm{pointwise}}$
O32 (a36): finite-$q$ residual variance characterised as an $O(q^{-1})$ modulation bias