refactor: Decouple and deprecate core locale, plumb via catalog factory

[jacobsimionato]

Description

This Pull Request decouples the locale parameter from core models (SurfaceModel and DataContext) and plumbs it directly via a localized basic catalog function factory inside @a2ui/web_core/v0_9/basic_catalog.

By deprecating the legacy, core-level parameters and providing a localized factory (createBasicCatalogFunctions), we:

1. Ensure the core rendering layer remains lightweight, catalog-agnostic, and unburdened by layout/formatting preferences.
2. Maintain full backward compatibility for existing catalogs and standard default functions (BASIC_FUNCTIONS).
3. Add native support for localizing basic catalogs downstream (such as in @a2ui/angular's options).

Fixes #1609

Pre-launch Checklist

• I signed the CLA.
• I read the Contributors Guide.
• I read the Style Guide.
• My code changes (if any) have tests.
• If my branch is on fork, I have verified that scripts/e2e_test.sh passes.

[gemini-code-assist]

Code Review

This pull request refactors locale configuration by moving it from the surface/context level to the catalog level. It introduces factory functions (such as createBasicCatalogFunctions) to allow instantiating catalog functions with a specific locale, while deprecating the legacy locale properties on DataContext and SurfaceModel. Feedback on these changes highlights that the subclass BasicCatalog in Angular has a parameterless constructor, which prevents configuring the locale when it is injected via Angular DI. It is recommended to update BasicCatalog to accept options via an InjectionToken to support proper dependency injection configuration.