[C++][R] package build fails after simdjson introduction due to system simdjson pickup #50581

The macOS cran-release, ubuntu-r-only-r, and ubuntu-r-only-r (SYSTEM deps) nightly jobs all fail to compile Arrow C++ after the simdjson introduction in #50469. All are caused by the R package build interacting badly with system simdjson.

1. macOS cran-release

The build picks up Homebrew simdjson from /opt/homebrew/include/simdjson.h and compiles it against the old macOS 11.3 SDK used for CRAN binary compatibility. The simdjson header uses std::numeric_limits patterns incompatible with that SDK:

/opt/homebrew/include/simdjson.h:67912: error: class template argument 'T' for template
  'numeric_limits' does not satisfy the constraint ...
20 errors generated.

Failed run: https://github.com/ursacomputing/crossbow/actions/runs/29799266759/job/88536926914

2. ubuntu-r-only-r (AUTO deps)

The build finds the system simdjson shared library and tries to bundle it into a static archive, which fails:

/usr/bin/ar: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsimdjson.so.9.0.0: file format not recognized

Failed run: https://github.com/ursacomputing/crossbow/actions/runs/29799265099/job/88536922431

3. ubuntu-r-only-r (SYSTEM deps)

The build uses ARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE=SYSTEM. The Docker image installs libsimdjson-dev from Ubuntu 22.04 apt repos, but that version is older than the required >= 3.0.0:

Couldn't find simdjson >= 3.0.0

The per-dependency override simdjson_SOURCE=BUNDLED is ignored because ARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE=SYSTEM takes precedence.

Failed run: https://github.com/ursacomputing/crossbow/actions/runs/29799266838/job/88536927144

Fix

Failures 1 and 2: Add simdjson_SOURCE = "BUNDLED" unconditionally in r/tools/nixlibs.R (around line 590), same pattern already used for Boost and lz4 on macOS.

Failure 3: Either remove libsimdjson-dev from the CI Docker image apt install list (since the available version is too old anyway), or update to a base image with simdjson >= 3.0.0.

Component: R