SimulatePacing

Dataset	Description	Location
HFpEF-DT table	Digital-twin simulations of HFpEF phenogroups	HFpEF-DT.mat in the repo
Virtual cohort pacing table	Pacing responses for 25,000 virtual HFpEF patients	Download
Healthy subject pacing simulation	Canonical healthy male/female simulations	PacingSimsC

Code Structure

Main Script

• PacingDriver.m – Pacing driver for canonical healthy-subject pacing simulations. 1st section is used to optimize parameters under different pacing rate. 2nd and following is used to generated figures (can be run directly without run the 1st section).

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Digital Twin Model (core scripts required to run the DT engine)

These scripts implement the cardiovascular mechanics model, DAE/ODE solver, TriSeg geometry, and initial-condition/parameter estimation of 1 healthy male subject and 1 female subject:

• targetVals_male.m
• targetVals_female.m
• calc_xm_ym.m
• dXdTDAE.m
• dXdTode.m
• estiminiParams.m
• geom_0.m
• optParams.m
• runSim.m
• runSimonFakeDT.m
• triSegEquations.m

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Pacing Simulation Modules

Scripts used for pacing optimization and HR-modulated simulations:

• PacingOPT.m – Core routine for pacing optimization. adjusts SV compliance to maintain MAP across HR
• PacingevaluateModel.m
• estimPacingParams.m

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Pressure–Volume Area (PVA) Quantification

These scripts are used together to compute pressure–volume area (PVA), myocardial energetics, and efficiency metrics:

• RunSimWithinPVA.m
• Calculate_PVA.m