If you use this code in your research, please cite the following works:
1. Gelvez-Barrera, T., Nicolas, B., Kouamé, D., Gilles, B., & Basarab, A. (2025).
Time-Domain Linear Model-based Framework for Passive Acoustic Mapping of Cavitation Activity.
arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.20551. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.20551
2. Lachambre, C., Basarab, A., Béra, J. C., Nicolas, B., Varray, F., & Gilles, B. (2024). An inverse method using cross-spectral matrix fitting for passive cavitation imaging. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, 71(8), 995-1005. https://hal.science/hal-04653848v1/file/CMF_Lachambre_et_al.pdf
3. Polichetti, M., Varray, F., Béra, J. C., Cachard, C., & Nicolas, B. (2018).
A nonlinear beamformer based on p-th root compression—Application to plane wave ultrasound imaging.
Applied Sciences, 8(4), 599. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8040599
This repository contains MATLAB scripts to generate cavitation-like acoustic emissions produced by microbubbles and recorded by a linear ultrasound probe. The generated RF signals can be used to test and validate Passive Acoustic Mapping (PAM) algorithms.
The simulation framework supports both single bubble emissions and multiple cavitating microbubble clouds, while also providing ground-truth spatial maps of bubble activity within the imaging field of view.
These simulations are useful for:
- Developing and testing PAM beamforming algorithms
- Evaluating cavitation source localization
- Generating synthetic datasets with known ground truth
Simulation of RF signals generated by single cavitating bubble recorded by an ultrasound probe.
Outputs:
- Simulated RF signals
- Bubble positions
- Ground truth activity map
Simulation of multiple microbubble clouds emitting broadband acoustic signals.
Capabilities:
- Configurable number of clouds
- Adjustable cloud density and geometry
- Random cloud positioning
- Ground-truth cavitation maps
The cloud simulation supports three acquisition types controlled by:
par.AcqType
| Mode | Description |
|---|---|
| classic | Realistic simulation including noise addition and bandpass filtering |
| ideal | Perfect simulation without noise where bubbles align with grid pixels |
| dynamic | Time-varying cavitation clouds that appear and disappear during acquisition |
Two example scripts are provided to demonstrate how to generate different simulation configurations.
| Script | Description |
|---|---|
| Run1 | Example configuration that generates two inertial cavitation clouds within the imaging field. This example illustrates how multiple cavitation sources can be simulated simultaneously. |
| Run2 | Example configuration that generates two laterally distributed bubbles, showing how individual bubble sources can be positioned at different lateral locations within the field of view. |
These scripts can be used as templates to create custom simulation scenarios by modifying bubble positions, cloud parameters, and acquisition settings.