d2latex: replace MathJax JavaScript with mathjax-go

[alixander]

Summary

• replace the embedded MathJax 3.2.2 JavaScript component with mathjax-go v0.1.0
• preserve D2 LaTeX SVG and measurement output exactly, including native and WASM rendering
• delete the MathJax, polyfill, and setup assets plus both embed shims
• delete lib/jsrunner and remove Goja and its orphaned indirect dependencies
• add frozen integration hashes and complete third-party notices

Compatibility

The native port targets the exact custom MathJax 3.2.2 component previously embedded by D2. The unchanged D2 E2E golden suite passes byte-for-byte; no golden was refreshed. This includes AMS, Mathtools, AMS-CD, braket, chemistry, physics, colors, errors, scripts, tables, and the historical backslash boundary.

The dependency is pinned to the signed mathjax-go v0.1.0 tag, with no local replace or pseudo-version.

Validation

• GOWORK=off go mod tidy -diff
• GOWORK=off go mod verify
• GOWORK=off go test ./d2renderers/d2latex ./d2renderers/d2svg/...
• GOWORK=off go test -race ./d2renderers/d2latex ./d2renderers/d2svg/...
• GOWORK=off go test ./e2etests -run ^TestE2E$
• GOWORK=off go test across every package except the browser-dependent e2etests-cli package
• GOWORK=off go vet ./...
• GOOS=js GOARCH=wasm GOWORK=off go build ./d2js

The two GIF cases in e2etests-cli cannot produce browser frames in this local environment and fail identically on untouched D2; all non-browser packages pass.

Size impact

Measured against the parent D2 revision with identical build flags:

• native binary: 47.10 MB to 41.39 MB, down 12.13%
• WASM: 30.87 MB to 35.06 MB, up 13.57% raw and 8.13% gzip

Standalone port

Merged: d2lang/mathjax-go#1