Test the built C library in CI

[AngheloAlf]

We now test the built C library in CI to make sure it compiles properly under multiple targets.

musl builds are tested using both gcc and musl targets on the compilation step.

I also added a bunch of ARM targets too into the mix of prebuilt stuff.

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Changelog:

Added

• Prebuilt C archive libraries for the following targets:
  • aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
  • aarch64-apple-darwin
  • aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
  • aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
• Most prebuilt C libs are now tested in CI.
  • The following targets are being tested in CI:
    • x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
    • x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
    • x86_64-apple-darwin
    • aarch64-apple-darwin
    • x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
      • Builds/links using GCC default and Clang with musl target.
    • x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
    • aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
    • aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
  • The following targets are NOT being tested in CI:
    • aarch64-pc-windows-msvc

Changed

• Prebuilt C libs are now built under the corresponding native OS instead of
  crosscompiling from an Ubuntu runner.
• Rewrite the C bindings test file to make it compatible with MSVC.