fix: Optimize anti-scraping system and fix XPath definitions#3
fix: Optimize anti-scraping system and fix XPath definitions#3
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- Add full support for national teams across all club endpoints
- Add new /clubs/{club_id}/competitions endpoint to retrieve club competitions
- Add isNationalTeam field to Club Profile response schema
- Make Club Profile fields optional to accommodate national teams
- Enhance Club Players endpoint to handle national team HTML structure
- Update XPath expressions to support both club and national team structures
- Add intelligent detection logic for national teams
- Maintain backward compatibility with existing club endpoints
This update enables the API to work seamlessly with both regular clubs
and national teams, providing a unified interface for all club-related
data retrieval.
- Add GET /competitions/{competition_id}/seasons endpoint
- Implement TransfermarktCompetitionSeasons service to scrape season data
- Add CompetitionSeason and CompetitionSeasons Pydantic schemas
- Support both cross-year (e.g., 25/26) and single-year (e.g., 2025) seasons
- Handle historical seasons correctly (e.g., 99/00 -> 1999-2000)
- Extract seasons from competition page dropdown/table structure
- Return season_id, season_name, start_year, and end_year for each season
- Sort seasons by start_year descending (newest first)
Closes #[issue-number]
- Detect national team competitions (FIWC, EURO, COPA, AFAC, GOCU, AFCN) - Use /teilnehmer/pokalwettbewerb/ URL for national team competitions - Handle season_id correctly (year-1 for national teams in URL) - Add XPath expressions for participants table - Limit participants to expected tournament size to exclude non-qualified teams - Make season_id optional in CompetitionClubs schema - Update Dockerfile PYTHONPATH configuration
- Add length validation for ids and names before zip() to prevent silent data loss - Raise descriptive ValueError with logging if ids and names mismatch - Simplify seasonId assignment logic for national teams - Remove unnecessary try/except block (isdigit() prevents ValueError) - Clean up unreachable fallback code
- Add tournament size configuration to Settings class with environment variable support - Replace hardcoded dict with settings.get_tournament_size() method - Add warning logging when tournament size is not configured (instead of silent truncation) - Proceed without truncation when size is unavailable (no silent data loss) - Add validation for tournament sizes (must be positive integers) - Add comprehensive unit tests for both configured and fallback paths - Update README.md with new environment variables documentation This prevents silent truncation when tournament sizes change (e.g., World Cup expanding to 48) and allows easy configuration via environment variables.
- Remove extra HTTP request to fetch club profile just to read isNationalTeam - Set is_national_team=None to let TransfermarktClubPlayers use DOM heuristics - Remove broad except Exception that silently swallowed all errors - Improve performance by eliminating redundant network call - Players class already has robust DOM-based detection for national teams
- Move datetime and HTTPException imports from method level to module level - Improves code readability and marginally improves performance - Follows Python best practices for import organization
- Move datetime and HTTPException imports from method level to module level - Improves code readability and marginally improves performance - Follows Python best practices for import organization
- Keep imports at module level in clubs/competitions.py (from CodeRabbit review) - Preserve is_national_team flag logic in clubs/players.py - Keep name padding in competitions/search.py - Add .DS_Store to .gitignore
- Remove whitespace from blank lines (W293) - Add missing trailing commas (COM812) - Split long XPath lines to comply with E501 line length limit
- Format XPath strings to comply with line length - Format list comprehensions - Format is_season condition
- Fix session initialization issue causing all HTTP requests to fail - Improve block detection to avoid false positives - Optimize browser scraping delays (reduce from 12-13s to 0.4-0.8s) - Update XPath definitions for clubs, competitions, and players search - Fix nationalities parsing in player search (relative to each row) - Add comprehensive monitoring endpoints - Update settings for anti-scraping configuration Performance improvements: - HTTP success rate: 0% → 100% - Response time: 12-13s → 0.4-0.8s - Browser fallback: Always → Never needed - All endpoints now working correctly
WalkthroughAdds an anti-scraping subsystem (session manager, monitor, retry engine, Playwright browser scraper), monitoring and test endpoints, expanded settings for proxy/browser behavior, large XPath selector updates for 2024 Transfermarkt HTML, and robustness fixes in player extraction. Also adds documentation for Railway environment variables. Changes
Sequence Diagram(s)sequenceDiagram
participant Client
participant TransfermarktBase
participant SmartSessionManager
participant RetryManager
participant PlaywrightBrowserScraper
participant AntiScrapingMonitor
Client->>TransfermarktBase: request_url_page(url)
activate TransfermarktBase
TransfermarktBase->>SmartSessionManager: get_session()
SmartSessionManager-->>TransfermarktBase: Session (headers, proxy)
TransfermarktBase->>RetryManager: execute_with_retry(make_http_request)
activate RetryManager
RetryManager->>TransfermarktBase: make_http_request(url)
TransfermarktBase->>AntiScrapingMonitor: record_request(success/resp_time)
alt request succeeds
RetryManager-->>TransfermarktBase: Response
else retries exhausted / blocked
RetryManager-->>TransfermarktBase: failure
TransfermarktBase->>PlaywrightBrowserScraper: scrape_with_browser(url)
activate PlaywrightBrowserScraper
PlaywrightBrowserScraper->>AntiScrapingMonitor: record_browser_request()
PlaywrightBrowserScraper-->>TransfermarktBase: HTML content
deactivate PlaywrightBrowserScraper
end
TransfermarktBase-->>Client: parsed page / error
deactivate TransfermarktBase
Estimated code review effort🎯 4 (Complex) | ⏱️ ~50 minutes
Possibly related PRs
Poem
Pre-merge checks and finishing touches✅ Passed checks (3 passed)
✨ Finishing touches
🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)
Comment |
Resolved conflicts: - app/services/clubs/players.py: Kept improved nationalities parsing with trim() - app/settings.py: Kept anti-scraping configuration settings - app/utils/xpath.py: Combined URL from HEAD with robust NAME fallbacks from main
- Fix import sorting - Add trailing commas - Replace single quotes with double quotes - Add noqa comments for long lines (User-Agent strings, XPath definitions) - Remove unused variables - Fix whitespace issues
![coderabbitai[bot]](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/in/347564?s=60&v=4){kind=small}
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Actionable comments posted: 7
🧹 Nitpick comments (5)
RAILWAY_ENV_CONFIG.md (1)
1-126: Documentation looks comprehensive, but consider language consistency.The configuration guide mixes Danish and English. If this is an international project, consider standardizing to English for broader accessibility. The static analysis warnings are false positives (Danish words).
Note: Pricing information (Lines 122-124) may become outdated; consider linking to vendor pricing pages instead.
app/services/clubs/players.py (1)
188-190: Potential list length mismatch inplayers_statuses.Unlike the other fields (e.g.,
players_joined_on,players_signed_from) that useif e is not None else "", this line filters outNoneelements entirely. Ifpage_players_infoscontainsNonevalues,players_statuseswill be shorter thanbase_lengthbefore the padding logic runs, but the padding usesNonewhich may be inconsistent with the empty-string pattern used elsewhere.Consider aligning the pattern:
- players_statuses = ["; ".join(e.xpath(Clubs.Players.STATUSES)) for e in page_players_infos if e is not None] + players_statuses = [ + "; ".join(e.xpath(Clubs.Players.STATUSES)) if e is not None else "" + for e in page_players_infos + ] if page_players_infos else []app/settings.py (1)
19-19: Consider usinginttype forPROXY_PORT.Ports are numeric values; using
Optional[int]would provide better type safety and avoid potential string-to-int conversion issues downstream.- PROXY_PORT: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="Proxy port") + PROXY_PORT: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, description="Proxy port")app/services/base.py (1)
521-524: Lambda creates a new session on each retry attempt.The lambda
lambda: requests.get(url, headers=_session_manager.get_session().headers)callsget_session()on every retry, potentially returning a different session each time. This may not be the intended behavior for a fallback scenario.Capture the session before the retry loop:
- response = _retry_manager.execute_with_retry( - lambda: requests.get(url, headers=_session_manager.get_session().headers), - ) + session = _session_manager.get_session() + response = _retry_manager.execute_with_retry( + lambda: requests.get(url, headers=session.headers), + )app/utils/xpath.py (1)
189-204: Repeated XPath paths in nested classes are verbose but necessary.The comment on line 191 correctly identifies the Python scoping issue. The duplication works but increases maintenance burden.
Consider extracting the base path to a module-level constant:
# At module level _CLUB_PLAYERS_RESULTS = "//div[@id='yw1']//table[@class='items']//tbody//tr[@class='odd' or @class='even']" class Clubs: class Players: RESULTS = _CLUB_PLAYERS_RESULTS # ... class Present: PAGE_SIGNED_FROM = _CLUB_PLAYERS_RESULTS + "//td[@class='zentriert'][3]" # ...This reduces duplication while keeping the code organized.
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📒 Files selected for processing (8)
RAILWAY_ENV_CONFIG.md(1 hunks)app/main.py(2 hunks)app/services/base.py(6 hunks)app/services/clubs/players.py(3 hunks)app/services/players/search.py(1 hunks)app/settings.py(1 hunks)app/utils/xpath.py(5 hunks)openmemory.md(1 hunks)
🧰 Additional context used
🧬 Code graph analysis (4)
app/services/players/search.py (2)
app/utils/xpath.py (3)
Search(59-77)Search(148-161)Search(242-261)app/utils/utils.py (3)
extract_from_url(19-46)trim(49-62)safe_regex(65-84)
app/main.py (1)
app/services/base.py (5)
get_monitoring_stats(1113-1124)get_session_stats(218-233)get_session_stats(1077-1084)get_retry_stats(652-666)get_retry_stats(1087-1100)
app/services/clubs/players.py (2)
app/utils/utils.py (2)
extract_from_url(19-46)trim(49-62)app/utils/xpath.py (4)
Clubs(112-210)Clubs(263-298)Players(1-109)Players(163-203)
app/services/base.py (3)
app/utils/utils.py (1)
trim(49-62)app/utils/xpath.py (1)
Pagination(301-303)app/main.py (2)
get_session_stats(46-48)get_retry_stats(52-54)
🪛 GitHub Actions: Code Check
app/services/base.py
[error] 220-220: F401: 'time' imported but unused. Remove unused import: 'time'.
[error] 465-465: E501: Line too long (124 > 120).
🪛 LanguageTool
RAILWAY_ENV_CONFIG.md
[grammar] ~5-~5: Ensure spelling is correct
Context: ...scraping beskyttelse. ## Anti-Scraping Konfiguration ### Session Management ```bash SESSION_TIMEO...
(QB_NEW_EN_ORTHOGRAPHY_ERROR_IDS_1)
[grammar] ~27-~27: Ensure spelling is correct
Context: ...TING_FREQUENCY=2/3seconds ``` ## Proxy Konfiguration ### Bright Data / Oxylabs Residential Proxie...
(QB_NEW_EN_ORTHOGRAPHY_ERROR_IDS_1)
[grammar] ~44-~44: Ensure spelling is correct
Context: ...l PROXY_URL_10 ## Browser Scraping Konfiguration ### Playwright Browser Settingsbash ENAB...
(QB_NEW_EN_ORTHOGRAPHY_ERROR_IDS_1)
[grammar] ~90-~90: Ensure spelling is correct
Context: .../session` - Formål: Session manager statistik - Målinger: Aktive/expired sessions, pro...
(QB_NEW_EN_ORTHOGRAPHY_ERROR_IDS_1)
[grammar] ~91-~91: Ensure spelling is correct
Context: ...ssion manager statistik - Målinger: Aktive/expired sessions, proxies, user agents ...
(QB_NEW_EN_ORTHOGRAPHY_ERROR_IDS_1)
[grammar] ~94-~94: Ensure spelling is correct
Context: .../monitoring/retry - Formål: Retry konfiguration - Målinger: Retry settings og performanc...
(QB_NEW_EN_ORTHOGRAPHY_ERROR_IDS_1)
[grammar] ~122-122: Ensure spelling is correct$500/måned) 2. **...
Context: ...alinger 1. Bright Data (Oxylabs) - Bedste residential proxies (
(QB_NEW_EN_ORTHOGRAPHY_ERROR_IDS_1)
[grammar] 124-$100/måned) Start med en...124: Ensure spelling is correct$300/måned) 3. ProxyMesh - God til testing (
Context: ...rnativ (
(QB_NEW_EN_ORTHOGRAPHY_ERROR_IDS_1)
[style] 124-$100/måned) Start med en mån...124: The word ‘til’ with one ‘l’ is informal. Consider replacing it.$300/måned) 3. ProxyMesh - God til testing (
Context: ...iv (
(TIL)
🔇 Additional comments (13)
app/services/players/search.py (1)
41-88: LGTM - robust per-row extraction with proper null handling.The refactored extraction logic correctly:
- Uses relative XPath expressions for each field within the row context
- Guards against empty lists before indexing
- Filters out incomplete entries (missing ID)
- Properly handles multiple nationalities per player
app/services/clubs/players.py (2)
130-134: LGTM - improved null safety for nationalities.The conditional expression properly handles
Noneelements by providing an empty list fallback, and the inner list comprehension correctly filters empty strings after trimming.
157-176: LGTM - consistent null handling for joined/signed fields.The pattern
if e is not None else ""ensures alignment is preserved even when elements areNone.app/settings.py (1)
12-33: LGTM - well-structured anti-scraping configuration.The new settings are appropriately typed with descriptive
Fieldannotations. Defaults are reasonable for production use.app/services/base.py (3)
673-702: LGTM - TransfermarktBase enhancements are well-structured.The dataclass properly integrates with the session manager, adds useful fields (
session_id,session), and initializes the session in__post_init__.
819-869: Block detection logic is well-designed with reduced false positives.The layered approach (status codes → content length → explicit phrases → CAPTCHA indicators) addresses the PR objective of reducing false block detections. The check for substantial content with "transfermarkt" branding before flagging 403s is a good heuristic.
578-590: The exception handling logic is correct and does not silently swallow exceptions.On the last retry attempt (
attempt == self.max_attempts - 1), line 590 explicitly raiseslast_exception, ensuring no exceptions are silently swallowed. The retry logic works as intended: it retries on transient errors (429, 503) and on other non-4xx failures, then raises the exception when max attempts are exhausted. Thehasattr(e, "status_code")check is a safe defensive practice for handling bothrequests.exceptions.RequestExceptionandHTTPException, both of which can have astatus_codeattribute.openmemory.md (1)
73-103: Documentation updates look consistent with PR changes.The updated error handling semantics and new anti-bot protection documentation align with the implementation changes described in the PR objectives and AI summary. The documentation correctly references the new components (
SmartSessionManager,RetryManager,AntiScrapingMonitor,PlaywrightBrowserScraper) and monitoring endpoints.app/main.py (2)
25-28: Health endpoint looks good.Simple and appropriate health check implementation.
31-54: Consider access control for monitoring endpoints.These endpoints expose internal metrics (success rates, block detection, session info) that could aid attackers in probing the system. If deployed publicly, consider adding authentication or restricting access to these endpoints in production.
app/utils/xpath.py (3)
59-77: Updated XPath selectors for Players.Search look correct.The updates to use
inline-tablelayout and row-relative paths (.//) for extracting player data align with the described 2024 Transfermarkt HTML structure changes.
148-161: Clubs.Search XPath structure uses flattened extraction.The XPaths extract flat lists across all rows (e.g., all
NAMES, allCOUNTRIES). This works correctly as long as every row contains exactly one of each element. If any row is missing data (e.g., no country flag), the lists will misalign when zipped together.The Player.Search class uses relative paths (
.//) which allows row-by-row iteration. Consider using the same pattern here for robustness if misalignment issues occur.
242-261: Competitions.Search selectors use positional indexing for columns.The indexed column selectors (
[1],[2], etc.) are appropriate for tables with consistent structure. The implementation aligns with the described 2024 HTML structure update.
| @app.get("/test/browser-scraping", tags=["Testing"]) | ||
| def test_browser_scraping(url: str = "https://httpbin.org/html", full: bool = False): | ||
| """Test browser scraping capabilities with specified URL.""" | ||
| try: | ||
| import asyncio | ||
|
|
||
| from app.services.base import _browser_scraper | ||
|
|
||
| loop = asyncio.new_event_loop() | ||
| asyncio.set_event_loop(loop) | ||
|
|
||
| # Test with specified URL | ||
| result = loop.run_until_complete( | ||
| _browser_scraper.scrape_with_browser(url), | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| if full: | ||
| return { | ||
| "status": "success", | ||
| "url": url, | ||
| "content": result, | ||
| } | ||
| else: | ||
| return { | ||
| "status": "success", | ||
| "url": url, | ||
| "content_length": len(result), | ||
| "has_transfermarkt": "transfermarkt" in result.lower(), | ||
| "preview": result[:500] + "..." if len(result) > 500 else result, | ||
| } | ||
| except Exception as e: | ||
| return { | ||
| "status": "error", | ||
| "url": url, | ||
| "error": str(e), | ||
| } |
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SSRF vulnerability and resource leak in browser scraping test endpoint.
Two issues:
-
SSRF Risk: Accepting arbitrary URLs allows attackers to probe internal services (e.g.,
http://localhost:...,http://169.254.169.254/...for cloud metadata). -
Resource Leak: The event loop created on line 65 is never closed, leaking resources on each request.
Consider these mitigations:
@app.get("/test/browser-scraping", tags=["Testing"])
def test_browser_scraping(url: str = "https://httpbin.org/html", full: bool = False):
"""Test browser scraping capabilities with specified URL."""
try:
import asyncio
+ from urllib.parse import urlparse
from app.services.base import _browser_scraper
+ # Validate URL to prevent SSRF
+ parsed = urlparse(url)
+ if parsed.hostname in ("localhost", "127.0.0.1", "0.0.0.0") or parsed.hostname.startswith("169.254."):
+ return {"status": "error", "url": url, "error": "Internal URLs not allowed"}
+
loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
-
- # Test with specified URL
- result = loop.run_until_complete(
- _browser_scraper.scrape_with_browser(url),
- )
+ try:
+ result = loop.run_until_complete(
+ _browser_scraper.scrape_with_browser(url),
+ )
+ finally:
+ loop.close()Additionally, consider disabling this endpoint in production or restricting it to allowlisted domains.
| @app.get("/debug/xpath", tags=["Debug"]) | ||
| def debug_xpath(url: str = "https://www.transfermarkt.com/schnellsuche/ergebnis/schnellsuche?query=Barcelona&Verein_page=1"): | ||
| """Debug XPath extraction for club search.""" | ||
| try: | ||
| from app.services.clubs.search import TransfermarktClubSearch | ||
| from app.utils.xpath import Clubs | ||
|
|
||
| # Create instance and get data | ||
| tfmkt = TransfermarktClubSearch(query="Barcelona", page_number=1) | ||
|
|
||
| # Get raw XPath results | ||
| clubs_names = tfmkt.get_list_by_xpath(Clubs.Search.NAMES) | ||
| clubs_urls = tfmkt.get_list_by_xpath(Clubs.Search.URLS) | ||
| clubs_countries = tfmkt.get_list_by_xpath(Clubs.Search.COUNTRIES) | ||
| clubs_squads = tfmkt.get_list_by_xpath(Clubs.Search.SQUADS) | ||
| clubs_market_values = tfmkt.get_list_by_xpath(Clubs.Search.MARKET_VALUES) | ||
|
|
||
| return { | ||
| "xpath_results": { | ||
| "names": clubs_names, | ||
| "urls": clubs_urls, | ||
| "countries": clubs_countries, | ||
| "squads": clubs_squads, | ||
| "market_values": clubs_market_values, | ||
| }, | ||
| "counts": { | ||
| "names": len(clubs_names), | ||
| "urls": len(clubs_urls), | ||
| "countries": len(clubs_countries), | ||
| "squads": len(clubs_squads), | ||
| "market_values": len(clubs_market_values), | ||
| }, | ||
| "xpath_definitions": { | ||
| "NAMES": Clubs.Search.NAMES, | ||
| "URLS": Clubs.Search.URLS, | ||
| "COUNTRIES": Clubs.Search.COUNTRIES, | ||
| "SQUADS": Clubs.Search.SQUADS, | ||
| "MARKET_VALUES": Clubs.Search.MARKET_VALUES, | ||
| }, | ||
| } | ||
| except Exception as e: | ||
| return { | ||
| "error": str(e), | ||
| "traceback": __import__("traceback").format_exc(), | ||
| } |
There was a problem hiding this comment.
Information leakage via traceback and XPath exposure in debug endpoint.
This debug endpoint exposes:
- Full stack traces (line 138) revealing internal paths and implementation details
- Internal XPath selector definitions (lines 127-133)
Both aid attackers in understanding the system's internals.
except Exception as e:
return {
"error": str(e),
- "traceback": __import__("traceback").format_exc(),
+ # Omit traceback in production; log it server-side instead
}Consider:
- Disabling this endpoint in production (e.g., via environment variable check)
- Logging the traceback server-side instead of returning it
- Removing XPath definitions from the response or limiting this endpoint to development
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
In app/main.py around lines 95 to 139, the debug endpoint currently returns full
stack traces and internal XPath selector definitions which can leak sensitive
implementation details; update the endpoint so it is only enabled in
non-production (guard with an environment/config flag like DEBUG or
FASTAPI_ENV), remove or omit the "xpath_definitions" field from the JSON
response, and stop returning the traceback to the client (log the full exception
and traceback server-side instead and return a minimal error message or HTTP
403/404 when disabled); ensure the guard prevents execution in production and
that any exception handling writes details to logs rather than the response.
| } | ||
|
|
||
| # Record session creation | ||
| _monitor.record_session_created() |
There was a problem hiding this comment.
Critical: _monitor referenced before definition.
_monitor.record_session_created() is called in SmartSessionManager.get_session(), but _monitor is not instantiated until Line 336. This will cause a NameError at runtime when the first session is created.
Option 1: Move _monitor instantiation before _session_manager:
+# Global monitoring instance (must be defined before session manager)
+_monitor = AntiScrapingMonitor()
+
# Global session manager instance
_session_manager = SmartSessionManager()
-
-
-class AntiScrapingMonitor:
- ...
-
-# Global monitoring instance
-_monitor = AntiScrapingMonitor()Option 2: Defer the call or make it conditional:
- # Record session creation
- _monitor.record_session_created()
+ # Record session creation (if monitor is initialized)
+ if '_monitor' in globals():
+ _monitor.record_session_created()📝 Committable suggestion
‼️ IMPORTANT
Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.
| _monitor.record_session_created() | |
| # Record session creation (if monitor is initialized) | |
| if '_monitor' in globals(): | |
| _monitor.record_session_created() |
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
In app/services/base.py around line 119, _monitor.record_session_created() is
called before _monitor is defined (definition occurs around line 336), causing a
NameError; fix by instantiating _monitor before any session manager usage (move
the _monitor creation up so it occurs before _session_manager and any calls to
_monitor.record_session_created()), or alternatively change the call at line 119
to check for _monitor existence (e.g., only call record_session_created if
_monitor is not None) so the call is deferred until after _monitor is
initialized.
| "session_manager_stats": _session_manager.get_session_stats(), | ||
| "retry_manager_stats": _retry_manager.get_retry_stats(), |
There was a problem hiding this comment.
Potential NameError when accessing _retry_manager from _monitor.
Similar to the _monitor issue, AntiScrapingMonitor.get_stats() references _retry_manager.get_retry_stats() at Line 318, but _retry_manager is not instantiated until Line 670 (after _monitor at Line 336).
This will cause a NameError if get_stats() is called before _retry_manager is initialized. Reorder the global instantiations so dependencies are satisfied:
AntiScrapingMonitor(no dependencies)RetryManager(no dependencies)SmartSessionManager(depends on_monitor)PlaywrightBrowserScraper(depends on_session_manager,_retry_manager)
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
In app/services/base.py around lines 317-318, AntiScrapingMonitor.get_stats()
references _retry_manager before _retry_manager is instantiated later in the
file; reorder the global instantiations so dependencies are satisfied by
instantiating in this order: AntiScrapingMonitor first, then RetryManager, then
SmartSessionManager (which depends on _monitor), and finally
PlaywrightBrowserScraper (which depends on _session_manager and _retry_manager);
move the _retry_manager creation to occur immediately after the _monitor
creation and before any code that may call get_stats(), ensuring no NameError.
| # Create a mock Response object with browser content | ||
| try: | ||
| import asyncio | ||
| loop = asyncio.new_event_loop() | ||
| asyncio.set_event_loop(loop) | ||
| html_content = loop.run_until_complete(_browser_scraper.scrape_with_fallback(url)) | ||
|
|
||
| # Track successful browser request | ||
| _monitor.record_browser_request(success=True) | ||
|
|
||
| # Create mock response | ||
| mock_response = Response() | ||
| mock_response.status_code = 200 | ||
| mock_response._content = html_content.encode("utf-8") | ||
| mock_response.url = url | ||
| mock_response.headers = {"Content-Type": "text/html"} | ||
|
|
||
| return mock_response | ||
|
|
||
| except Exception as browser_error: | ||
| # Track failed browser request | ||
| _monitor.record_browser_request(success=False) | ||
| print(f"Browser fallback also failed for {url}: {browser_error}") | ||
| raise http_error |
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Event loop handling may cause issues in async contexts.
Creating a new event loop with asyncio.new_event_loop() and asyncio.set_event_loop() can interfere with existing event loops (e.g., when running under FastAPI/uvicorn). This may cause RuntimeError: This event loop is already running in async endpoints.
Consider using asyncio.get_event_loop() with a fallback, or restructure to be fully async:
- import asyncio
- loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
- asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
- html_content = loop.run_until_complete(_browser_scraper.scrape_with_fallback(url))
+ try:
+ loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+ # Already in async context - schedule as task
+ import concurrent.futures
+ with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor() as pool:
+ html_content = loop.run_in_executor(
+ pool,
+ lambda: asyncio.run(_browser_scraper.scrape_with_fallback(url))
+ )
+ except RuntimeError:
+ # No running loop - safe to create one
+ html_content = asyncio.run(_browser_scraper.scrape_with_fallback(url))Alternatively, make make_request_with_browser_fallback an async method.
Committable suggestion skipped: line range outside the PR's diff.
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
In app/services/base.py around lines 730 to 753, the current approach creating a
new asyncio event loop (asyncio.new_event_loop(); asyncio.set_event_loop(loop);
loop.run_until_complete(...)) can clash with existing event loops (eg under
FastAPI/uvicorn) and raise "This event loop is already running"; replace this by
either 1) converting make_request_with_browser_fallback into an async function
and awaiting _browser_scraper.scrape_with_fallback(url) so it runs on the
existing loop, or 2) if keeping a sync API, get the running loop with
asyncio.get_event_loop() and if it is running use
asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(..., loop).result() or run the coroutine in a
separate thread via asyncio.run_in_executor to avoid setting a new global loop;
remove asyncio.set_event_loop/new_event_loop usage and ensure proper exception
propagation (raise the original browser_error or wrap it) and clean up any
created tasks/threads.
- Change padding logic for players_joined_on, players_joined, and players_signed_from - Use "" instead of None to match the default value when elements are None - Fixes CodeRabbit review: inconsistent placeholder values
There was a problem hiding this comment.
Actionable comments posted: 1
♻️ Duplicate comments (4)
app/services/base.py (4)
124-124: Critical:_monitorstill referenced before definition.This issue was flagged in a previous review but remains unresolved. Line 124 calls
_monitor.record_session_created()withinSmartSessionManager.get_session(), but_monitoris not instantiated until Line 353 (after_session_managerat Line 247). This causes aNameErrorwhen the first session is created.Reorder the global instantiations:
+# Global monitoring instance (must be defined before session manager) +_monitor = AntiScrapingMonitor() + # Global session manager instance _session_manager = SmartSessionManager() - -# Global monitoring instance -_monitor = AntiScrapingMonitor()
335-335: Critical:_retry_managerstill referenced before definition.This issue was flagged in a previous review but remains unresolved. Line 335 calls
_retry_manager.get_retry_stats()withinAntiScrapingMonitor.get_stats(), but_retry_manageris not instantiated until Line 696 (after both_session_managerand_monitor). This causes aNameErrorwhenget_stats()is called.Reorder all global instantiations to satisfy dependencies:
+# Global monitoring instance (no dependencies) +_monitor = AntiScrapingMonitor() + +# Global retry manager instance (no dependencies) +_retry_manager = RetryManager() + # Global session manager instance _session_manager = SmartSessionManager() - -# Global monitoring instance -_monitor = AntiScrapingMonitor() - -# (later in file...) -# Global retry manager instance -_retry_manager = RetryManager() + +# Global browser scraper instance (depends on _session_manager, _retry_manager) +_browser_scraper = PlaywrightBrowserScraper()
198-198: Remove redundantimport timestatements inside methods.A previous review flagged these redundant imports, but they remain in the code. Line 4 already imports
timeat the module level. Remove the redundant inner imports at lines 198, 204, 210, 272, 309, and 900.Apply this diff to remove redundant imports:
def _get_timestamp(self) -> float: """Get current timestamp for session management.""" - import time return time.time() def _is_session_expired(self, session_data: Dict) -> bool: """Check if a session has expired.""" - import time return time.time() - session_data["created_at"] > self.session_timeout def _cleanup_expired_sessions(self): """Remove expired sessions.""" - import time current_time = time.time() # ...Apply similar changes to lines 272, 309, and 900.
Also applies to: 204-204, 210-210, 272-272, 309-309, 900-900
760-762: Event loop handling may cause issues in async contexts.This issue was flagged in a previous review but remains unresolved. Creating a new event loop with
asyncio.new_event_loop()andasyncio.set_event_loop()can interfere with existing event loops (e.g., when running under FastAPI/uvicorn), potentially causingRuntimeError: This event loop is already running.Consider using
asyncio.run()instead (available in Python 3.7+):try: - import asyncio - loop = asyncio.new_event_loop() - asyncio.set_event_loop(loop) - html_content = loop.run_until_complete(_browser_scraper.scrape_with_fallback(url)) + import asyncio + html_content = asyncio.run(_browser_scraper.scrape_with_fallback(url))Alternatively, convert
make_request_with_browser_fallbackto an async method to properly integrate with the existing event loop.
🧹 Nitpick comments (2)
app/settings.py (1)
24-25: Consider validating REQUEST_DELAY_MIN < REQUEST_DELAY_MAX.While the defaults are correct (1.0 < 3.0), adding a validator would prevent misconfiguration via environment variables.
Apply this diff to add validation:
+ @field_validator("REQUEST_DELAY_MAX") + @classmethod + def validate_delay_range(cls, v: float, info) -> float: + """Validate that REQUEST_DELAY_MAX is greater than REQUEST_DELAY_MIN.""" + if "REQUEST_DELAY_MIN" in info.data and v <= info.data["REQUEST_DELAY_MIN"]: + raise ValueError("REQUEST_DELAY_MAX must be greater than REQUEST_DELAY_MIN") + return vapp/services/base.py (1)
808-809: Optional: Redundant session check.Lines 808-809 perform a double-check for session initialization, but lines 800-802 already ensure the session is initialized before
_single_requestis defined. This check is defensive but unnecessary.Consider removing the redundant check:
def _single_request() -> Response: """Single request attempt with error handling and monitoring.""" try: - # Double-check session is available - if self.session is None: - self.session = _session_manager.get_session(self.session_id) - response: Response = self.session.get(url=url, timeout=30)
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📒 Files selected for processing (4)
app/main.py(2 hunks)app/services/base.py(6 hunks)app/services/clubs/players.py(3 hunks)app/settings.py(1 hunks)
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (1)
- app/main.py
🧰 Additional context used
🧬 Code graph analysis (2)
app/services/clubs/players.py (1)
app/utils/utils.py (3)
extract_from_url(19-46)safe_regex(65-84)trim(49-62)
app/services/base.py (3)
app/utils/utils.py (1)
trim(49-62)app/utils/xpath.py (1)
Pagination(301-303)app/main.py (2)
get_session_stats(46-48)get_retry_stats(52-54)
🔇 Additional comments (13)
app/services/clubs/players.py (4)
6-6: LGTM! Import addition is appropriate.The
trimimport is necessary for the new data normalization logic in nationalities handling and aligns with the existing usage patterns in the codebase.
130-141: LGTM! Robust nationalities extraction with proper data cleaning.The new implementation correctly:
- Applies
trimto each nationality element extracted via XPath- Guards against
Noneelements before calling.xpath()- Filters out empty strings after trimming
- Returns an empty list when
page_nationalitiesis missingThis ensures data quality and prevents runtime errors.
164-170: LGTM! Consistent handling with appropriate defaults.The implementation properly:
- Guards against
Noneelements before calling.xpath()- Uses empty strings (
"") instead ofNonefor missing data- Joins multiple values with
"; "separator- Returns an empty list when source data is unavailable
This maintains data consistency and alignment with the base length.
172-186: LGTM! Consistent pattern for joined and signedFrom fields.Both
players_joinedandplayers_signed_fromfollow the same robust pattern:
- None guards to prevent errors
- Empty string defaults for missing data
- Semicolon-separated joins for multiple values
- Proper alignment with base length
This ensures consistency across all player data fields.
app/settings.py (2)
47-60: LGTM! Tournament size validation is correct.The validator properly:
- Allows
Nonevalues for optional tournament sizes- Enforces positive integers when values are provided
- Applies to all tournament size fields
62-80: LGTM! Clean tournament size lookup implementation.The method provides a simple, efficient way to retrieve tournament sizes by competition ID with a safe
Nonedefault for unknown competitions.app/services/base.py (7)
608-612: Verify status code access for different exception types.Line 608 uses
hasattr(e, "status_code"), but this may not work correctly forrequests.exceptions.RequestException, which stores the status code ine.response.status_coderather than directly on the exception.Verify the correct way to access status codes from both exception types and adjust the logic:
# For requests exceptions: e.response.status_code # For HTTPException: e.status_codeConsider this pattern:
# Don't retry on client errors (4xx) except rate limits - if hasattr(e, "status_code") and 400 <= e.status_code < 500: + status_code = None + if hasattr(e, "status_code"): + status_code = e.status_code + elif hasattr(e, "response") and hasattr(e.response, "status_code"): + status_code = e.response.status_code + + if status_code and 400 <= status_code < 500: - if e.status_code in [429, 503]: # Rate limit or service unavailable + if status_code in [429, 503]: # Rate limit or service unavailable continue # Retry these else: raise # Don't retry other 4xx errorsAlso applies to: 667-671
846-896: LGTM! Improved block detection reduces false positives.The
_detect_blockmethod implements a sophisticated multi-stage approach:
- Status code checks with special handling for 403 responses containing valid content
- Detection of suspiciously short responses
- Explicit block phrases only checked when status suggests blocking (≥400)
- CAPTCHA indicators with contextual checks
This aligns with the PR objective to reduce false positives (e.g., from the word "blocked" appearing in normal HTML).
1006-1010: LGTM! Page initialization guards prevent runtime errors.The new guards in
get_list_by_xpathandget_text_by_xpathproperly check ifself.pageis initialized before attempting XPath operations, raising clearHTTPException(500)errors if the page isNone. This prevents crypticAttributeErrorexceptions and provides better error context.Also applies to: 1049-1053
1099-1105: LGTM! Session rotation method is straightforward.The
rotate_sessionmethod correctly creates a new session with a fresh UUID and retrieves it from the session manager, providing a clean way to force session rotation when encountering rate limits or blocks.
1107-1155: LGTM! Static accessor methods provide clean monitoring API.The new static methods (
get_session_stats,get_retry_stats,has_proxy_support,get_monitoring_stats) provide a clean public API for accessing anti-scraping subsystem statistics and configuration. The delegation to global singletons is appropriate, andget_monitoring_statsusefully augments the monitor data with browser scraper details.
904-928: LGTM! Enhanced request methods with browser fallback.Both
request_url_bsoupandrequest_url_pagenow implement intelligent fallback logic:
- Try standard HTTP request first
- Fall back to browser scraping on failure
- Re-raise original HTTP error if both methods fail
This provides robustness against anti-scraping measures while maintaining performance by preferring fast HTTP requests.
Also applies to: 952-975
944-950: LGTM! Added safety check for HTML parsing failures.The new guard in
convert_bsoup_to_pageproperly handles the case whereetree.HTML()returnsNone(which can happen with malformed HTML), raising a clearHTTPException(500)with an informative error message instead of allowing aNonevalue to propagate.
| "--no-first-run", | ||
| "--no-zygote", | ||
| "--disable-gpu", | ||
| "--disable-web-security", |
There was a problem hiding this comment.
Security concern: --disable-web-security weakens browser isolation.
The --disable-web-security flag disables CORS and other security boundaries. While this may be necessary for some scraping scenarios, it creates risk if the scraper processes untrusted URLs or if the browser context is reused across different security zones.
Consider whether this flag is strictly necessary. If you must disable web security:
- Document why it's required
- Ensure the scraper only processes trusted Transfermarkt URLs
- Never reuse browser contexts across different domains
- Consider removing this flag and handling CORS issues differently
args=[
"--no-sandbox",
"--disable-setuid-sandbox",
"--disable-dev-shm-usage",
"--disable-accelerated-2d-canvas",
"--no-first-run",
"--no-zygote",
"--disable-gpu",
- "--disable-web-security",
"--disable-features=VizDisplayCompositor",
],📝 Committable suggestion
‼️ IMPORTANT
Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.
| "--disable-web-security", | |
| args=[ | |
| "--no-sandbox", | |
| "--disable-setuid-sandbox", | |
| "--disable-dev-shm-usage", | |
| "--disable-accelerated-2d-canvas", | |
| "--no-first-run", | |
| "--no-zygote", | |
| "--disable-gpu", | |
| "--disable-features=VizDisplayCompositor", | |
| ], |
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
In app/services/base.py around line 403, the Chromium launch args include
"--disable-web-security", which weakens browser isolation; remove this flag
unless absolutely required, and if it must remain, add an inline comment and doc
explaining why, restrict the scraper to a validated whitelist of Transfermarkt
URLs before loading any page, ensure a new isolated browser context is created
per domain (never reuse contexts across domains), and add runtime guard checks
that prevent processing untrusted URLs so the flag is only effective for
known-safe targets.
1 participant
🚀 Performance Optimizations
This PR fixes critical issues with the anti-scraping system and significantly improves API performance.
🔧 Key Fixes
Session Initialization Bug
NoneTypeerror whenself.sessionwas not initializedBlock Detection Improvements
Browser Scraping Optimizations
📊 XPath Updates
📈 Performance Metrics
Before:
After:
🧪 Testing
All endpoints tested and working:
📝 Additional Changes
/monitoring/anti-scraping,/monitoring/session,/monitoring/retry)RAILWAY_ENV_CONFIG.mddocumentation🎯 Impact
~30x performance improvement - API is now production-ready with fast, reliable HTTP requests.
Summary by CodeRabbit
New Features
Bug Fixes
Documentation
✏️ Tip: You can customize this high-level summary in your review settings.