toy-rs

A toy programming language written in Rust, featuring Rust-like syntax for educational purposes.

Table of Contents

• Building
• Installing
• Testing
• Usage
• Syntax
  • Variables
  • Assignments
  • Data Types
  • Arithmetic Operations
  • Logical Operations
  • Functions
  • Control Flow
  • Loops
  • Comments
  • Built-in Functions

Building

To build the project, you need to have Rust installed. You can install it from here.

Once you have Rust installed, you can build the project by running the following command:

./build.sh --release

The binary will be located in target/release/toy-rs.

Installing

To install toy-rs, you can use the following command.

./install.sh

Testing

To run the tests, you can use the following command.

./test.sh

Usage

toy-rs <filemame.toy>

Syntax

toy-rs supports a subset of Rust-like syntax.

Variables

Variables are declared using the let keyword.

let x = 10;
let y = 20.5;
let message = "Hello";
let is_valid = true;

Assignments

Standard and compound assignment operators are supported.

let x = 10;
x += 5; // 15
x -= 2; // 13
x *= 2; // 26
x /= 2; // 13

Data Types

• Integers: 1, 42, -10
• Floats: 3.14, 0.5, -2.0
• Booleans: true, false
• Strings: "Hello World"

Arithmetic Operations

Standard arithmetic operators are supported for Integers and Floats. Mixed-type arithmetic (e.g., Int + Float) is supported and results in a Float.

let sum = 5 + 10;
let product = 2.5 * 4;
let mixed = 10 + 2.5;

Logical Operations

Logical AND (&&) and OR (||) operators are supported. && has higher precedence than ||.

let valid = true && (false || true); // true
let check = 1 < 2 && 3 > 2; // true

Functions

Functions are declared using fn. The last expression in a block or a function body is implicitly returned.

fn add(a, b) {
    a + b
}

let result = add(10, 20);

Control Flow

if and else expressions are supported. They return the value of the branch that was executed.

let x = 10;
let status = if x > 5 {
    "Greater"
} else {
    "Smaller"
};

Loops

while loops are supported for repeated execution based on a boolean condition.

let i = 0;
while i < 5 {
    i += 1;
}

Comments

Single-line comments starting with // are supported.

// This is a comment
let x = 5; // Inline comment

Built-in Functions

toy-rs includes built-in functions for output.

• print(args...): Prints arguments separated by spaces.
• println(args...): Prints arguments separated by spaces, followed by a newline.

print("The answer is", 42);
println(); // Just a newline
println("Done.");