Improve Documentation and Project Structure Consistency

[ppant]

This PR enhances the repository's professionality and usability by standardizing naming conventions and improving documentation.

Key changes:

1. Naming Convention Standardization:
   • Renamed Error-debug to ErrorHandling.
   • Renamed deque to Deque.
   • Converted several snake_case Python scripts in Arrays/ and Trees/ to PascalCase to match the rest of the codebase.
2. Documentation Overhaul:
   • Updated the root README.md to reflect the new directory structure and file names.
   • Improved navigation by fixing Table of Contents anchor links (accounting for emoji-based slugging).
   • Added or refined time and space complexity analysis for algorithms in both the root and subdirectory README.md files using LaTeX notation.
   • Updated Shell Sort complexity to $O(n^2)$ for accuracy.
3. Verification:
   • Confirmed that all 49 non-interactive scripts execute correctly without errors using Python 3.
   • Ensured that all documentation links correctly point to their respective source files.

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PR created automatically by Jules for task 16835459406350300995 started by @ppant

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