Tracking issue: C++ standard library function overload compatibility

[teor2345]

Tasks for mentors

@teor2345:

• Set up a directory structure
• Set up an example overloading compatibility check
• Add failing overloads / overload sets
• Add inexpressible overloads
• Add CI to check both successful and failing overloads, with stderr output for failures
• Add a comparison table in Markdown
• Write instructions for applicants (choose type, 4+ successful, 2+ failing, open PR, review, pass CI)
  • Copy AI policy summary from Outreachy project description to here
  • Add AGENTS/CLAUDE, CONTRIBUTING, update README
• Write a list of C++ standard library types with overloads
• Open a ticket for each type so applicants can claim them

C++ Standard Library Types

Each of these types have overloads, we want to check if they can be called from Rust.

containers

• array
• vector
• deque
• list
• set
• map
• +8 others (mentor note: can be added if needed)
• +9 adapters/views

strings

• string
• u16string
• u32string

integer arithmetic functions

• saturating operations
• checked operations and their operator equivalents

io

• cout
• println
• cin

chrono

• system clock
• time point
• calendar functions

Trait-like:

• iterator primitive operations: advance, distance, next, prev, len?
• range primitive operations: begin, end, size, empty, data