- Ensure You Have the Correct Boot Partition
You mentioned that the boot partition is located on /dev/nvme1n1p2. Let's confirm the structure of your partitions again to ensure the boot partition is mounted in the right place.
- Run the following command to verify your partitions:
sudo lsblk
Look for your /dev/nvme1n1p2 partition, which should be the boot partition.
- Create the Correct Mount Point
Before mounting the boot partition, we need to make sure the /mnt/boot directory exists.
- Make sure you're in the /mnt directory (or use it as the root of your mounted system):
cd /mnt
- Create the /mnt/boot directory if it doesn't already exist:
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/boot
- Mount the Boot Partition
Now that the /mnt/boot directory exists, mount your boot partition to this directory:
sudo mount /dev/nvme1n1p2 /mnt/boot
If you also have a separate EFI partition (which is typically required for UEFI boot), ensure it's mounted correctly too. Here's how to mount the EFI partition:
- Create the /mnt/boot/efi directory (if it doesn't exist already):
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/boot/efi
- Mount the EFI partition to /mnt/boot/efi:
sudo mount /dev/nvme1n1p1 /mnt/boot/efi
- Chroot and Continue with Kernel Reinstallation
Once the boot and EFI partitions are mounted correctly, you can proceed with the chroot process to reinstall the kernel:
- Bind the necessary directories:
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys sudo mount --bind /run /mnt/run
- Chroot into the mounted system:
sudo chroot /mnt
- Reinstall or Update the Kernel
Now that the partitions are mounted and you're inside the chroot, reinstall the kernel:
- Refresh your package metadata:
sudo dnf update --refresh
- Reinstall the kernel and necessary modules:
sudo dnf reinstall kernel kernel-core kernel-modules
- Rebuild the GRUB Configuration
After reinstalling the kernel, rebuild the GRUB configuration to ensure your system boots correctly.
For UEFI systems, run:
sudo grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg
-
Exit Chroot and Reboot
-
Exit the chroot environment:
exit
- Unmount all partitions:
sudo umount /mnt/run /mnt/sys /mnt/proc /mnt/dev /mnt/boot /mnt/boot/efi
- Reboot the system:
sudo reboot
- Verify the Kernel
After rebooting, check that your system is running the correct kernel:
uname -r
- Verify if /bin/bash Exists
It seems that the root filesystem (/mnt) might not be correctly mounted, or there's an issue with the directory structure.
- Check the mounted partitions:
From the live USB, run the following to ensure your root filesystem (/dev/mapper/myroot) is mounted correctly:
sudo lsblk
This should show that /dev/mapper/myroot is mounted at /mnt.
- Verify the files inside the chroot environment:
Check if /mnt/bin/bash exists:
ls /mnt/bin/bash
If the output is No such file or directory, it means the root filesystem wasn't properly mounted, or it's missing necessary files.
- Recheck the Mounting Process
Make sure all necessary partitions are mounted correctly. Follow these steps:
- Unlock the LUKS partition (if you haven't already):
sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/nvme1n1p3 myroot
- Mount the root partition: Mount the unlocked LUKS partition to /mnt:
sudo mount /dev/mapper/myroot /mnt
- Check the contents of /mnt: Verify that /mnt/bin/bash exists:
ls /mnt/bin/bash
If /mnt/bin/bash is still missing, your root partition may not be mounted correctly.
- Mount the boot partition:
sudo mount /dev/nvme1n1p2 /mnt/boot
- Mount the EFI partition (if applicable):
sudo mount /dev/nvme1n1p1 /mnt/boot/efi
- Bind Necessary Directories Before Chroot
If the root filesystem is properly mounted and /bin/bash exists, but chroot still fails, make sure you're binding the necessary directories:
- Bind /dev, /proc, /sys, and /run to /mnt:
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys sudo mount --bind /run /mnt/run
- Try to chroot again:
sudo chroot /mnt
- Alternative: Use /bin/sh Instead of /bin/bash
If /bin/bash is missing but /bin/sh exists, you can try using /bin/sh instead of /bin/bash as the shell for chroot.
To do this, run the following:
sudo chroot /mnt /bin/sh
This should allow you to access the chroot environment even if /bin/bash is not available.
- Reinstall Kernel After Successful Chroot
Once inside the chroot environment (using either /bin/bash or /bin/sh), proceed to reinstall the kernel and update the GRUB configuration.
- Update the system and reinstall the kernel:
sudo dnf update --refresh sudo dnf reinstall kernel kernel-core kernel-modules
- Rebuild the GRUB configuration:
sudo grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg
- Exit Chroot and Unmount
After making the necessary changes, exit the chroot environment and unmount the partitions:
- Exit the chroot environment:
exit
- Unmount the partitions:
sudo umount /mnt/run /mnt/sys /mnt/proc /mnt/dev /mnt/boot /mnt/boot/efi
- Reboot:
sudo reboot
- Verify the Kernel
After rebooting, verify that your system is running the correct kernel:
uname -r